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| | XI. Splanchnology. 3. The Urogenital Apparatus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. |
 | | The portions which lie in the genital core fuse to form the uterus and vagina; the parts in front of this cord remain separate, and each forms the corresponding uterine tube—the abdominal ostium of which is developed from the anterior extremity of the original tubular invagination from the celom (Fig. | | | The ducts pass backward lateral to the Wolffian ducts, but toward the posterior end of the embryo they cross to the medial side of these ducts, and thus come to lie side by side between and behind the latter—the four ducts forming what is termed the genital cord (Fig. | | | In the male the Müllerian ducts atrophy, but traces of their anterior ends are represented by the appendices testis (hydatids of Morgagni), while their terminal fused portions form the utriculus in the floor of the prostatic portion of the urethra (Fig. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/107/252.html
(3757 words)
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| | Abnormal Sex Differentiaton - Specific Syndromes of Sex Differentiation |
| | Female external genitalia develop due to the failure of the gonadal streaks to produce androgens necessary to masculinize the genital turbercle, genital swellings, and genital folds. | | | The genital tubercle is larger than a clitoris but smaller than a penis, a partially fused labia/scrotum may be present, the testes may be undescended, and perineal hypospadius is often present. | | | This is because the genital tubercle, genital swellings, and genital folds can not masculinize in these patients despite the presence of functional testes located in the abdomen. |
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http://www.hopkinschildrens.org/specialties/categorypages/intersex/sd4.html
(1483 words)
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| | Endotext.com - Pediatric Endocrinology, Sexual Differentiation |
| | Female differentiation of the internal genital tract is characterized by lack of stabilization of the Wolffian ducts, which have completely disappeared at 90 days of human fetal development, except for vestiges such as the Rosenmüller organs or Gartner canals. | | | The Wolffian ducts become incorporated into the male genital system when renal function is taken over by the definitive kidney, the metanephros. | | | The second aspect of male differentiation of the internal genital tract is the integration of the mesonephric duct into the male genital system after the loss of mesonephric functional activity. |
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http://www.endotext.org/pediatrics/pediatrics7/pediatrics7.htm
(5821 words)
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| | BioMed Central Full text Uterovaginal Anomalies: Diagnosis and Current Management in Teens |
| | In the pelvis, they cross ventral to the mesonephric duct and grow medially and caudally to contact and fuse with their counterparts to form a Y-shaped uterovaginal bulb or tubercle that abuts with the urogenital sinus, which is the anterior portion of the primitive, but now divided, cloaca. | | | The divided cranial portion of the müllerian duct forms the fallopian tubes and ostium, and the caudal fused portion, the uterus, cervix, and the upper vagina. | | | In the normal female embryo, the fused müllerian ducts unite with the urogenital sinus at the genital tubercle. |
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http://www.biomedcentral.com/1534-5874/3/445
(3675 words)
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| | eMedicine - Surgical Management of Mullerian Duct Anomalies : Article by Lawrence Amesse, MD, PhD |
| | The endometrium is derived from the lining of the fused müllerian ducts, and the endometrial stroma and myometrium are derived from adjacent mesenchyme (Shulman, 1988; Moore, 1998). | | | When the müllerian ducts fuse incompletely at the level of the uterine fundus, a bicornuate uterus is formed. | | | This syndrome is characterized by congenital fusion of the cervical spine, short neck, a low posterior hairline, and limited range of motion in the cervical spine (Willemsen, 1982). |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3521.htm
(12546 words)
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| | HERMAPHRDOITES, PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITES AND ANOMALOUS SEXUAL MORPHOLOGY |
| | When I use the term internal genital development or structures, I am talking about the fate of wolffian and mullerian ducts. | | | When I use the term external genital development or structures, I am talking about the fate of the genital tubercle, folds, and swellings. | | | Genital tubercle forms clitoris; genital folds form labia minora; and genital swellings form labia majora |
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http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Class/bio300/HERMAPHRODITES.htm
(3318 words)
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| | TransGenderCare.com : Guidance/Transition : What is Gender |
| | This is similar to Turner's Syndrome in that neither the mullerian or wolffian ducts (see above) mature and the external genitalia develops into an approximation of normal female genitals, but differs in that TDF stimulates the gonads into becoming functioning testicles in a XY chromosome body. | | | With the influence of TDF, the gonads become testicles and the wolffian duct forms the male internal sex organs, the mullerian ducts dissolve and the external tissue develop into the penis, scrotum, penile sheaths and foreskin. | | | Before the release of TDF, the developing fetus has two tiny structures, the mullerian and wolffian ducts, and two small-undifferentiated gonads, neither testes nor ovaries. |
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http://www.transgendercare.com/guidance/what_is_gender.htm
(4607 words)
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| | 2/25/2000 |
| | Wolffian and Mullerian ducts- _________________________________ (so there is no internal reproductive anatomy except for testes) | | | They respond by secreting large amounts of testosterone into the bloodstream, which causes varying degrees of masculinization of the external genitalia. | | | Wolffian and Mullerian ducts – ____________________________ on each side of body |
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http://www.soc.hawaii.edu/ws350/spr04/absexdev.htm
(1169 words)
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| | eMedicine - Imperforate Hymen : Article by Paula J Adams Hillard, MD |
| | The development of the gonads occurs from the migration of primordial germ cells to the genital ridge, while the genital tract itself develops from the müllerian ducts (paramesonephric ducts), urogenital sinus, and vaginal plate. | | | The initial development of both the male and female genital tracts occurs concurrently and is referred to as the indifferent stage of development. | | | By the 12th week, the paired müllerian ducts have fused into a single tube (ie, primitive uterovaginal canal). |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3329.htm
(5330 words)
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| | NOVA Online Sex: Unknown The Intersex Spectrum |
| | While testes and Wolffian ducts do exist, the male external genitals are similar in size to those of a normal female. | | | Complete Gonadal Dysgenesis, in which neither androgens nor MIS are produced, yields female genitals and Müllerian duct formation, despite a genetic profile suggesting maleness. | | | If left intact, an adult 5-Alpha Reductase Deficiency individual will appear generally male but with small genitals and no facial hair. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/gender/spectrum.html
(773 words)
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| | Exam 2 Practice |
| | g) internal genital sex: the structures derived from the wolff~an ducts in the male or the mullerian ducts in the female | | | A condition in which an XX individual has a penis, bifid scrotum, ovaries, uterus, oviducts and vagina is designated as | | | a) genital folds b) genital swellings c) genital tubercle d) wolffian ducts e) mullerian ducts |
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http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Stu/jchenowe/test2.html
(1270 words)
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| | Cervical Mucus Type F |
| | The tension at contraction is mediated to the region of the external os by fibrous strings, remnants of the Wolffian ducts, one on each side of the cervix. | | | Below the crossing point the two Müllerian ducts fuse to one single structure and form the uterus and the upper part of the vagina. | | | Remnants of the Wolffian ducts may, however, be present in some women. |
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http://www.woomb.org/omrrca/bulletin/vol21/no3/fmucus.shtml
(1375 words)
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| | PHSL 570Q: Fetal Differentiation of Reproduction |
| | Müllerian duct eventually fuses caudally with urogenital sinus E. Degeneration of Progenitor organs 1. | | | Cells of Wolffian duct fuse with Müllerian duct cells a. | | | The mechanism of action is Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) Steps: a. |
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http://www.siu.edu/departments/coagr/animal/tw3a/public_html/570qfet.htm
(832 words)
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| | Topics On Contemporary Medical Halacha - Chapter 8 |
| | Male pseudo hermaphroditism is described on page 1377 as a heterogeneous condition in which the gonads are exclusively testes but the genital ducts and / or external genitalia are incompletely masculinized. | | | There are basically two external tests to determine if a phallus is a male organ or an enlarged clitoris. | | | If we can view the gonads and ducts we can see if there is a womb or testes. |
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http://www.science-halacha.com/refuah/refuah_eng_E1.htm
(3538 words)
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| | September 1997 |
| | Begins with 2 undifferentiated gonads, 2 pairs of ducts (wolffian and mullerian), urogenital sinus (urethra, prostate; vagina, urethra), a genital tubercle (penis or clitoris) and vestibular folds (scrotum or labia). | | | ovary forms from the cortex of undifferentiated gonad, Wolffian ducts atrophy in female, Mullerian ducts fuse to form uterus, oviduct, cervix and anterior vagina | | | testis forms from the medulla, (Wolffian ducts form male accessory sex organs - epididymis and vas deferens), if male, testis secretes antiMullerian hormone |
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http://campus.devalcol.edu/hammerj/4222/lectures/FEMALE.html
(366 words)
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| | Sexual Development in Humans |
| | The cloaca contacts the surface of the embryo to produce a bulge consisting of a genital tubercle with genital folds and a larger pair of genital swellings. | | | Internal genitalia arise from Mullerian ducts(female) or Wolffian ducts(male). | | | NOTE: XO (Turner - external female with streak gonads) or XXY (Klinefelter - external male with immature testes) individuals have gonads that do not mature. |
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http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/sexdev.html
(640 words)
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| | Pediatric Urology - Genitoplasty |
| | The Mullerian ducts continue to grow inferiorly, until they juxtapose the caudal portion of the Wolffian ducts at which point they fuse. | | | This fused terminal end of the Mullerian duct continues to grow until the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus is reached at which point the Mullerian tubercle is formed. | | | A complex interaction between the Mullerian ducts, urogenital sinus, and cloaca allow the vagina to separate from the urethra distally. |
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http://www.cornellurology.com/uro/cornell/pediatrics/genitoplasty.shtml
(2838 words)
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| | Untitled |
| | Testosterone synthesized by ovotestis during development may have retained part of the Wolffian duct and masculinized the genital. | | | This is evidence that the development of ducts is a local phenomenon, with each gonad controlling development on that side. | | | Lower vagina is developed from another duct (Urogenital sinus, which also gives rise to urinary bladder and urethra) |
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http://www.colorado.edu/epob/epob4480tsai/Lecture7.html
(699 words)
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| | Wolffian duct -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! |
| | The human liver is divided into a large right lobe and a smaller left lobe that overhang the stomach and intestine. | | | Information on this inflammatory condition affecting the bile duct. | | | Information on the causes, symptoms, risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, and cure of this medical condition marked by unusual cell growth of the ducts. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9077349
(902 words)
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| | Intro to Reproduction -- Notes |
| | differentiation of the genital ducts usually follows that of the gonads. | | | Mullerian ducts develop into oviducts, uterus, and vagina. | | | Penis and scrotum develop under influence of testosterone |
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http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfklm/bio5406/reprod154-n.html
(253 words)
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| | NAB2000 Annelida Bibliography |
| | Gustavsson, L.M.; Erséus, C. Development of the genital ducts and spermathecae in the Rhyacodrilines Rhyacodrilus coccineus and Monopylephorus rubroniveus (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae). | | | Pinder, A.; Hill, B.D.; Green, P.E. A new species of Dero (Allodero) (Naididae: Oligochaeta) inhabiting the Wolffian ducts of the green tree frog (Litoria caerulea) in Queensland. |
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http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~mjwetzel/nabs01F.html
(8506 words)
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| | Journal of the Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science: Effects of steroids and dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) on the developing ... |
| | Morphometrics were used to analyze the effects and interactions of the sex-steroids and TCDD treatments on wolffian ducts. | | | Journal of the Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science: Effects of steroids and dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) on the developing wolffian ducts of the tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum.(Brief Article)@ HighBeam Research | | | In sexually differentiated A. tigrinum larvae, growth of this tissue is... |
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http://ask.elibrary.com/getdoc.asp?refid=askj_key&querydocid=1G1:89646501&dtype=0~0&dinst=0&pubname=Journal+of+the+ColoradoWyoming+Academy+of+Science&title=Effects+of+steroids+and+dioxin+(2378TCDD)+on+the+developing+wolffian+ducts+of+the+tig
(211 words)
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| | * Seminal vesicles - (Sexuality): Definition |
| | Typically, the pain is felt in the penis but it can also be felt in the testes or internally, where it is often associated with a problem of the prostate or seminal vesicles... | | | Local testosterone causes each wolffian duct to develop into epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles. | | | The internal genitals include the testicles, or testes, epididymis and vas deferens (housed in the scrotum), the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, the ejaculatory ducts, the Cowper's gland, and the urethra... |
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http://en.mimi.hu/sexuality/seminal_vesicles.html
(770 words)
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| | Handbook of Andrology |
| | Jost surgically removed the testes from fetal male rabbits at a stage when Wolffian and Mullerian ducts were present and then allowed fetal development to proceed in utero. | | | Male external genitalia form when the cells of the urogenital tubercle metabolize testosterone into dihydrotestosterone which induces the development of the penis and scrotum. | | | In the absence of these two factors the Wolffian ducts degenerate and the Mullerian ducts develop into the oviducts, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina. |
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http://www.andrologysociety.com/resources/handbook/ch.12.asp
(779 words)
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| | Overview of AIS |
| | The Mullerian ducts would have formed the internal female organs in an XX girl. | | | These structures develop from the primitive Wolffian ducts under the influence of androgens, once the testes have formed and started to make testosterone, and were in fact more developed than epididymides and vasa deferentia in 'normal' 16 to 20 week-old male fetuses. | | | Once the testes are formed, they start to produce testosterone, which would normally cause the masculinization of the body. |
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http://www.medhelp.org/www/ais/21_OVERVIEW.HTM
(4148 words)
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| | CMGS-Sex reversal/13.1 |
| | The external genitalia are indifferent and both male and female reproductive ducts and associated structures are present. | | | Testosterone stimulates the development of the male internal duct system (Wolffian ducts), including the epidydimis, seminal vesicles, and vas deferens. | | | MIH inhibits further development of female duct structures and causes degeneration of the Mullerian ducts. |
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http://www.ich.ucl.ac.uk/cmgs/sexrev.htm
(2076 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | You also need 5a reductase in the tissue to make testosterone into DHT for development of the more posterior parts of embryo into external genitalia - prostate, urethra, penis, scrotum. | | | also some MIF and testosterone get in - we see a variable level of regression of mullerian ducts and variable level of development of male genitalia. | | | MIF is made by sertoli cells in testis,causes regression of mullerian ducts testosterone made by interstitial cells makes wolffian ducts persist 5aR makes testosterone into DHT DHT makes prostate/penis/prepuce develop. |
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http://www.hillary.net/school/fall.97/syspath/syspath.lec.10.30.97
(1416 words)
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| | Sex Determination History Summary |
| | The different effects of the primary and secondary sex determination pathways was demonstrated by embryological transplant experiments carried out by Alfred Jost in the 1940s at the Collége de France in Paris, France. | | | This secondary pathway is controlled by sex-specific hormones that are secreted by the differentiated gonad. | | | They also produce testosterone, which causes the Wolffian duct to develop into the internal male genitalia, such as the seminal vesicles and the vas deferens. |
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http://www.bookrags.com/history/genetics/sex-determination-gen-04
(1999 words)
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| | Air Conditioning Ducts |
| | 2) " Conditioning" -- As it applies to Air Conditioning Ducts | | | Embryo s have ''two'' pairs of ducts to let gamete s out of the body; one pair deve | | | Conditioning is also an engineering term for putting something (for example, a communications link) into a particularcondition. |
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http://www.elusiveeye.com/side19465-air-conditioning-ducts.html
(632 words)
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| | DES_Scott |
| | (2000) have determined from their comprehensive review of biomedical literature on sexual dimorphism in humans, there are numerous conditions that can interfere with either chromosomal composition, gonadal structure, hormonal levels, or the structure of the internal genital duct systems and external genitalia. | | | However, a number of aspects of disturbed sexual differentiation have been identified and studied in humans, most notably intersexuality, transsexualism, gender dysphoria, and other types of gender identity disorders (GID). | | | In fact, there are more than 25 different medical diagnoses affecting sexual differentiation, and Blackless estimates that almost 2 percent of all live human births result in some form of non-dimorphic condition (p. |
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http://kindredspiritlakeside.homestead.com/DES_Scott.html
(6425 words)
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| | BIO 150 - Sixth Topic |
| | What is meant by internal genital sex in male sexual development? | | | This is used to stimulate the wolffian ducts to form the sperm transport system. | | | Thus the wolffian ducts fail to develop and they are induced to apoptosis (self destruction). |
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http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/bio150/topic6.html
(823 words)
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| | DUCTIVE SYSTEM - Online Information article about DUCTIVE SYSTEM |
| | Behind (caudad) the urinary sinus is the urogenital sinus, which is treated of in the See also: | | | Most of that part of the tubular allantois which lies between the permanent openings of the ureters and the Wolffian ducts becomes the urinary sinus and does not dilate in the same way that the permanent bladder does. | | | These ducts, as is shown in the article, on the REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM, form the oviducts, uterus and at least part of the vagina. |
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http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/DRO_ECG/DUCTIVE_SYSTEM.html
(1962 words)
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| | Wolffian duct - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | As a residual the epoophoron may be present. | | | The Wolffian duct (also known as archinephric duct, Leydig's duct, and the mesonephric duct) is a paired organ found in mammals including humans during embryogenesis. | | | It connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolffian_duct
(212 words)
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| | Archives of Hellenic Medicine |
| | Excision of Mullerian duct structures: firstly because subsequent urethroplasty may increase urethral resistance and cause urine retention and infection within a persisting vaginal structure (pseudocolpos), and secondly because casual discovery of a retained Mullerian structure later in life may cause the patient to question his gender. | | | It is apparent that disorders of AMH or TST (DHTST) biosynthesis or dysfunction at the final (biochemical) level of sexual differentiation may lead to intersex states. | | | TST can be administered systemically or locally, but the latter mode involves the mother in the treatment. |
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http://www.mednet.gr/archives/1999-5/452.html
(1968 words)
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| | Mesodermal Derivatives III |
| | Developing mesonephric tubules, however, may still connect with the coelom at their proximal ends by way of nephrostomes in the mesonephros. | | | The mesoderm which will form the kidney is also called the nephrogenic mesoderm or the nephrogenic cord. | | | This is a rotated, higher magnification of the caudal end of the embryo seen above showing early metanephros development. |
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http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/210labs/meso3.html
(1468 words)
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| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 19, Ch. 269, Endocrine And Metabolic Disorders |
| | These patients have normal external genitalia and normal wolffian structures but lack müllerian duct structures. | | | The clinical presentation may range from ambiguity of the external genitalia or male pseudohermaphroditism to fully normal-appearing female external genitalia. | | | Although there is some wolffian duct development, there is insufficient testosterone production to induce normal male differentiation of the external genitalia. |
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http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section19/chapter269/269g.htm
(2377 words)
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| | Abnormal Sex Differentiaton - Normal Sex Differentiation |
| | Differentiation of the internal ducts and external genitalia | | | As a result, the Wolffian ducts fail to grow and consequently disappear in fetuses with ovarian development. | | | Androgens are hormones that produce growth effects on the male Wolffian ducts (the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles) which are also present in all fetuses early in development. |
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http://www.hopkinschildrens.org/specialties/categorypages/intersex/sd2.html
(784 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | The embryonic duct of the mesonephros, which in the male becomes the vas deferens and in both sexes gives rise to the ureter. |
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http://www.homoexcelsior.com/omega.db/datum/biology/wolffian_duct/8494
(23 words)
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| | HCE11b Reconstructing and Modifying the |
| | Wolffian ducts <=> sexual ducts that are present in all embryos but that develop into male structures (epidydimis and vas deferens) if the Y chromosome is present | | | { 3 } - sexual ducts that are present in all embryos but that develop into male structures (epidydimis and vas deferens) if the Y chromosome is present |
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http://academic.uofs.edu/faculty/pm363/ME/hce11b10.htm
(844 words)
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| | Hormones in male sexual development -- Nef and Parada 14 (24): 3075 -- Genes and Development |
| | The gonads originate from thickening of the ventrolateral surface of the embryonic mesonephros called the genital ridge. | | | MIS allows development of the Müllerian structures, the lack | | | Arango, N.A., Lovell-Badge, R., and Behringer, R.R. Targeted mutagenesis of the endogenous mouse Mis gene promoter: In vivo definition of genetic pathways of vertebrate sexual development. |
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http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/content/full/14/24/3075
(6600 words)
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| | An Overview of Prostate Development |
| | The ureters separate from the mesonephric ducts which become incorporated into the urinary bladder and effectively migrate distally to the proximal part of the urethra. | | | The paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts, the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts and the primordial ureters all lead into a rudimentary urinary bladder, which has developed from the urogenital sinus. | | | The epithelium is highly variable and areas of low cuboidal or squamous epithelium are also present, with transitional epithelium in the distal regions of the longer ducts. |
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http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/anatomy/database/prosbase/prosdev.html
(1005 words)
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| | * Mullerian ducts - (Sexuality): Definition |
| | Mllerian duct structures: [mullerian ducts] the structures in the fetus that will, in the female, develop into the uterus and fallopian tubes; named for Johannes P... | | | In the embryo, a pair of ducts that eventually develop into the internal female reproductive system if the fetus is genetically female... | | | Mullerian ducts In the embryo, a pair of ducts that eventually develop into... |
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http://www.mimihu.com/sexuality/mullerian_ducts.html
(87 words)
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| | Kobelt's tubules (www.whonamedit.com) |
| | One of 30 to 34 tubules that develop within the mesonephros and empty into the mesonephric duct. | | | Hypography is an open community about science and all things related |
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http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/2846.html
(125 words)
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