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Topic: Vasoconstriction



  
 Vasoconstriction, Norepinephrine, and Fibromyalgia
Abnormal microcirculation and temperature in skin above tender points in patients with fibromyalgia, showed that vasoconstriction occurs in the skin above tender points in FM patients, supporting the hypothesis that FM is related to local hypoxia in the skin above tender points.
This vasoconstriction obviously prevents the conduction of heat from the internal portions of the body to the skin.
This is contrary to one goal of vasoconstriction in the tissue, which is to conserve heat in the body.
http://www.xmission.com/~total/temple/Soapbox/Articles/norepin.html   (1289 words)

  
 Neuropeptide Y antagonism reduces reflex cutaneous vasoconstriction in humans -- Stephens et al. 287 (3): H1404 -- AJP ...
and NPY are the principal mediators of reflex cutaneous vasoconstriction.
of reflex sympathetic vasoconstriction in the human forearm.
should attenuate reflex vasoconstriction in vivo in humans.
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/287/3/H1404   (3918 words)

  
 Exaggerated Renal Vasoconstriction During Exercise in Heart Failure Patients -- Middlekauff et al. 101 (7): 784 -- ...
the duration of reflex renal vasoconstriction are exaggerated
in contrast, reflex renal vasoconstriction persisted at 2 to
reflex renal vasoconstriction during exercise in patients with
http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/101/7/784   (3616 words)

  
 Rho-Kinase Inhibition Blunts Renal Vasoconstriction Induced by Distinct Signaling Pathways In Vivo -- Cavarape et al. ...
vasoconstriction in response to CPA was observed in the distal
of the ROK pathway to renal vasoconstriction is practically
II in renal VSMC of hypertensive rats is sensitive to blockade
http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/14/1/37   (5108 words)

  
 Attenuation of Neurogenic Vasoconstriction by Nitric Oxide in Hindlimb Microvascular Beds of the Rat In Vivo -- ...
Attenuation of Neurogenic Vasoconstriction by Nitric Oxide in Hindlimb Microvascular Beds of the Rat In Vivo -- Häbler et al.
Vascular resistance was calculated in arbitrary units from changes of blood flow and blood pressure during stimulation and expressed as a percentage of resistance before each stimulation (percent baseline resistance).
Attenuation of Neurogenic Vasoconstriction by Nitric Oxide in Hindlimb Microvascular Beds of the Rat In Vivo
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/30/4/957   (3116 words)

  
 Conducted vasoconstriction in rat mesenteric arterioles: role for dihydropyridine-insensitive Ca2+ channels -- ...
Correlation of the directly observed responses of mesenteric vessles of the rat to nerve stimulation and noradrenaline with the distribution of adrenergic nerves.
Conducted vasoconstriction in rat mesenteric arterioles: role for dihydropyridine-insensitive Ca2+ channels -- Gustafsson et al.
In another series of experiments, local and conducted vasoconstriction were induced by application of 0.1 mmol/l NE (10 nl/min)
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/280/2/H582   (5153 words)

  
 PERSISTENT PULMONARY HYPERTENSION OF THE NEWBORN
Abnormal responsiveness of the pulmonary vasculature to hypoxia with an inability to relax after the stimulus for vasoconstriction is removed, i.e.
This is especially important when pulmonary parenchymal disease exists, as improvement in alveolar oxygenation will often result in a normal relaxation of the pulmonary arteries and improved pulmonary blood flow.
During lung expansion, the arteries straighten out and become less resistant to blood flow.
http://neonatal.peds.washington.edu/NICU-WEB/pphn.stm   (3559 words)

  
 Effects of S-Nitrosation and Cross-Linking of Hemoglobin on Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Isolated Rat Lungs -- ...
Effects of S-Nitrosation and Cross-Linking of Hemoglobin on Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Isolated Rat Lungs -- Deem et al.
http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/91/7/626   (19 words)

  
 ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels Mediate Contraction-induced Attenuation of Sympathetic Vasoconstriction in Rat ...
-adrenergic vasoconstriction during contraction of glycolytic, not oxidative, rat hindlimb muscle.
Influence of endogenous nitric oxide on sympathetic vasoconstriction in normoxia, acute and chronic systemic hypoxia in the rat
ATP-sensitive Potassium Channels Mediate Contraction-induced Attenuation of Sympathetic Vasoconstriction in Rat Skeletal Muscle -- Thomas et al.
http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/99/11/2602   (4678 words)

  
 Moderate exercise increases postexercise thresholds for vasoconstriction and shivering -- Kenny et al. 85 (4): 1357 -- ...
Increasing mean skin temperature linearly reduces the core-temperature thresholds for vasoconstriction and shivering in humans.
an increase in peripheral vasoconstriction (this is consistent
the fractional contribution of the skin to the vasoconstriction
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/85/4/1357   (2612 words)

  
 CHEST: Sensitivity Of Septic Rats To Okadaic Acid-Induced Vasoconstriction
Conclusion: Septic rats are as responsive to OA-induced vasoconstriction as are sham-operated controls.
Purpose: This lab has shown septic rats are hyporesponsive to catecholamine-induced vasoconstriction.
Sensitivity Of Septic Rats To Okadaic Acid-Induced Vasoconstriction
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0984/is_4_116/ai_57563133   (414 words)

  
 Effects of Mitochondrial Inhibitors and Uncouplers on Hypoxic Vasoconstriction in Rabbit Lungs -- Weissmann et al. 29 ...
Model for hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction involving mitochondrial oxygen sensing.
Sylvester, J. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: a radical view.
Inhibitors of oxidative ATP production cause transient vasoconstriction and block subsequent pressor responses in rat lungs.
http://ajrcmb.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/29/6/721   (5270 words)

  
 Signaling Mechanisms for Muscarinic Receptor-Mediated Coronary Vasoconstriction in Isolated Rat Hearts -- Zhang and ...
Yang BC, Nichols WW and Mehta JL (1993) Cardiac effects of acetylcholine in rat hearts: Role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and prostaglandins.
The points in graphs represent means and vertical bars the S.E. A, the response to bethanechol was changed from vasoconstriction to vasodilation by treatment with SKandF 96365.
The role of L-type VOCCs in producing coronary vasoconstrictor responses to bethanechol was evaluated in a series of experiments.
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/293/1/96   (6053 words)

  
 Baroreflex modulation of peripheral vasoconstriction during progressive hypothermia in anesthetized humans -- Nakajima ...
Baroreflex modulation of peripheral vasoconstriction during progressive hypothermia in anesthetized humans -- Nakajima et al.
of skin and muscle vasoconstriction in response to the fall in
Baroreflex modulation of peripheral vasoconstriction during progressive hypothermia in anesthetized humans
http://ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/279/4/R1430   (3591 words)

  
 Thunderclap headache, reversible cerebral arterial vasoconstriction, and unruptured aneurysms -- Singhal and Dodick 73 ...
Cerebral vasoconstriction and stroke after use of serotonergic drugs.
and where thunderclap headache was associated with vasoconstriction,
Dr Dodick reviews cases where thunderclap headache was associated
http://jnnp.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/73/1/96-a   (712 words)

  
 British Journal of Pharmacology - Evidence for two different P2X-receptors mediating vasoconstriction of Ap5A and Ap6A ...
Considering a role of vasoconstrictor diadenosine polyphosphates in essential hypertension, a permanent elevation of vascular tone has to be reconciled with the current knowledge on vasoconstrictor purinoceptor subtypes (Burnstock 1996), by which diadenosine polyphosphates could affect vascular tone especially in the kidney.
-subtype, which is involved in vasoconstriction in rat juxtamedullary afferent arterioles, cannot be blocked by PPADS (Charlton et al., 1996) and hence is unlikely to underly the sustained vasoconstriction in our experiments (Inscho et al., 1998).
The sustained response was already observed at lower concentrations than the transient response.
http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v127/n6/full/0702667a.html   (3873 words)

  
 Renal microvascular actions of calcitonin gene-related peptide -- Reslerova and Loutzenhiser 274 (6): 1078 -- AJP - ...
basal tone or angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction in the afferent
vasoconstriction to more critically assess the effects of glibenclamide.
afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction but does not affect the efferent
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/274/6/F1078   (3911 words)

  
 Endogenous endothelins and nitric oxide in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction -- Hubloue et al. 21 (1): 19 -- European ...
Endothelin-1 mediates nitro-l-arginine vasoconstriction of hypertensive rat lungs.
Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Sudano I, Notari M, Salvetti A. Vasoconstriction to endogenous endothelin-1 is increased in the peripheral circulation of patients with essential hypertension.
Endothelin-1 does not mediate acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the intact newborn lamb.
http://erj.ersjournals.com/cgi/content/full/21/1/19   (2579 words)

  
 Role of Nitric Oxide in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension -- Hampl and Herget 80 (4): 1337 -- ...
The mechanism whereby vasoconstriction increases NO synthesis in the pulmonary circulation has not been much studied.
the hypoxic vasoconstriction in the isolated rat lungs (38,
Lung and kidney isolated from the same rat were perfused at constant flow rate (so that changes in perfusion pressure directly reflect changes in vascular resistance).
http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/80/4/1337   (8508 words)

  
 Obstructive Apnea during Sleep Is Associated with Peripheral Vasoconstriction -- IMADOJEMU et al. 165 (1): 61 -- ...
Obstructive Apnea during Sleep Is Associated with Peripheral Vasoconstriction
Obstructive Apnea during Sleep Is Associated with Peripheral Vasoconstriction -- IMADOJEMU et al.
Although our data suggest that the apnea-induced vasoconstriction is sympathetically mediated, they do not prove a causal
http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/165/1/61   (4344 words)

  
 Adenosine-induced renal vasoconstriction in diabetes mellitus rats: role of nitric oxide -- Pflueger et al. 276 (3): ...
increase the adenosine-induced renal vasoconstriction in STZ rats
renal vasoconstriction in STZ rats compared with control rats.
The present findings show that the adenosine-induced renal vasoconstriction was markedly enhanced in STZ rats compared with
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/276/3/F340   (4485 words)

  
 Sub-MAC concentrations of desflurane do not inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in anesthetized piglets : [La ...
Effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rat lungs in vitro.
Inhibition of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by increased left atrial pressure in dogs.
PULMONARY vasoconstriction in response to acute hypoxia helps
http://www.cja-jca.org/cgi/content/full/48/8/760   (2756 words)

  
 Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction : A Radical View -- Sylvester 88 (12): 1228 -- Circulation Research
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction : A Radical View -- Sylvester 88 (12): 1228 -- Circulation Research
http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/88/12/1228   (15 words)

  
 Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Restores Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Sepsis -- FISCHER et al. 156 (3): 833 ...
alters hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in isolated rat lungs.
Our goal for this study was to determine whether NO was in part responsible for the blunted pulmonary vasoconstrictive response
nitric oxide reverses hypoxic vasoconstriction in dogs: a practical
http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/156/3/833   (4072 words)

  
 Effects of active vasoconstriction and total flow on perfusion distribution in the rabbit lung -- Oyamada et al. 273 ...
Pulmonary blood flow distribution during acute hypoxia in conscious resting rats.
Site and sensitivity for stimulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
To overcome this difficulty, we examined the role of alveolar
http://ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/273/4/R1465   (5336 words)

  
 Role of Nitric Oxide in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension -- Hampl and Herget 80 (4): 1337 -- ...
Nitric oxide blunts the endothelin-mediated pulmonary vasoconstriction in exercising swine
http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/80/4/1337   (943 words)

  
 Direct role for potassium channel inhibition in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction -- Post et al. 262 (4): 882 -- AJP - ...
Cyclic ADP-Ribose Is the Primary Trigger for Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in the Rat Lung In Situ
Cellular mechanisms responsible for hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction were
Inhibition of KCa channels restores blunted hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats with cirrhosis
http://ajpcell.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/262/4/C882   (2430 words)

  
 Pulsed dye laser irradiation can reverse and prevent surgical and pharmacologic vasoconstriction.
Conclusion: LI can reverse surgically and pharmacologically-induced vasoconstriction rendering the vessel refractory to phenylephrine.
Pulsed dye laser irradiation can reverse and prevent surgical and pharmacologic vasoconstriction.
However, when LI is delivered to a predilated vessel, this responsiveness to phenylephrine is preserved.
http://omlc.ogi.edu/pubs/abs/schwengel92.html   (305 words)

  
 Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is modified by P-450 metabolites -- Zhu et al. 279 (4): 1526 -- AJP - Heart and ...
Endogenous endothelium-derived relaxing factor opposes hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and support blood flow to hypoxic alveoli in anesthetized rabbits.
Release of vasodilator prostaglandin PGI from isolated rat lung during vasoconstriction.
(DDMS), on the acute hypoxic vasoconstrictive response in isolated
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/279/4/H1526   (4838 words)

  
 Inorganic Arsenite Potentiates Vasoconstriction through Calcium Sensitization in Vascular Smooth Muscle
Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) is a monthly journal of peer-reviewed research and news on the impact of the environment on human health.
Consistent with these in vitro results, 2-hr pretreatment of 1.0 mg/kg intravenous arsenite augmented phenylephrine-induced blood pressure increase in conscious rats.
All these results suggest that arsenite increases agonist-induced vasoconstriction mediated by MLC phosphorylation in smooth muscles and that calcium sensitization is one of the key mechanisms for the hypercontraction induced by arsenite in blood vessels.
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2005/8000/abstract.html   (415 words)

  
 JAMA -- Abstract: Cocaine-Induced Cerebral Vasoconstriction Detected in Humans With Magnetic Resonance Angiography, ...
use was associated with a greater likelihood of vasoconstriction.
vasoconstriction found in 5 of 8 and 3 of 9 subjects receiving
JAMA -- Abstract: Cocaine-Induced Cerebral Vasoconstriction Detected in Humans With Magnetic Resonance Angiography, February 4, 1998, Kaufman et al.
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/279/5/376   (325 words)

  
 Cytosolic phospholipase A2 in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction -- Ichinose et al. 109 (11): 1493 -- Journal of ...
Sprague, R.S., Thiemermann, C., and Vane, J.R. Endogenous endothelium-derived relaxing factor opposes hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and supports blood flow to hypoxic alveoli in anesthetized rabbits.
To learn if the attenuated vasoconstrictor response to acute
Sustained pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy after chronic hypoxia in mice with congenital deficiency of nitric oxide synthase 3.
http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/109/11/1493   (3839 words)

  
 Encyclopedia: Vasoconstriction
Vasodilators are drugs that work to dilate blood vessels.
Vasodilation and vasoconstriction are used antagonistically as a method of thermoregulation in homeotherms.
A vasoconstrictor is any drug that acts to constrict blood vessels.
http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Vasoconstriction   (213 words)

  
 Tumescent Liposuction - Carolina Laser in Winston Salem, North Carolina
In contrast, the older forms of liposuction used before the invention of the tumescent technique were associated with so much surgical blood loss that autologous blood transfusions were often routine.
Dentists typically use concentrated epinephrine which may cause a rapid heart rate if the epinephrine is rapidly absorbed.
Tumescent vasoconstriction is so complete that liposuction can be done with virtually no blood loss.
http://www.carolinalaser.com/Tumescent_lipo.htm   (1145 words)

  
 CHEST: Pulmonary vasoconstriction, oxygen sensing, and the role of ion channels: Thomas A. Neff Lecture - Thomas L. ...
Before considering the pathophysiology, it is important to remember which channels are present in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle.
However, this is hard to prove because patients are rarely studied early on, before they have symptoms.
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction can be demonstrated in isolated pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells[4] and consequently, the single smooth muscle cell is a simple model of pulmonary vasoconstriction that has been studied extensively.
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0984/is_n1_v114/ai_21023605   (849 words)

  
 Decreased cardiac output at the onset of diabetes: renal mechanisms and peripheral vasoconstriction -- Brands et al. ...
Because cardiac output is the sum of blood flow through all of the tissues in the body (12, 13), another explanation for
or active vasoconstriction may have mediated that response is
The mechanism for the vasoconstriction, however, is not known.
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/278/5/E917   (4714 words)

  
 Clinical Relevance of Endothelin B-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Lambs With Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow * Response -- ...
Clinical Relevance of Endothelin B-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Lambs With Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow * Response -- Langleben et al.
Emergence of smooth muscle cell endothelin B–mediated vasoconstriction in lambs with experimental congenital heart disease and increased pulmonary blood flow.
The increased presence of ET receptors may be clinically
http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/109/14/e183   (662 words)

  
 Mg2+ blocks myogenic tone but not K+-induced constriction: role for SOCs in small arteries -- Zhang et al. 283 (6): ...
vasoconstriction, but relaxed arteries with MT. Thus it seems
A: control 5 µM PE-evoked vasoconstriction; this experiment is continued in B and C.
This caused a brief, modest vasoconstriction, followed by relaxation
http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/6/H2692   (7597 words)

  
 {alpha}-Adrenoceptor-mediated coronary vasoconstriction is augmented during exercise in experimental diabetes mellitus ...
Articles by Setty, S. Articles by Tune, J. Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Blood Flow
of the cardiac plexus induces vasoconstriction in alloxan-induced
This increase in sympathetic vasoconstriction is one mechanism
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/97/1/431   (3366 words)

  
 The Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists PD 156707 (CI-1020) and PD 180988 (CI-1034) Reverse the Hypoxic Pulmonary ...
and pattern, with a mediator role in hypoxic vasoconstriction
vasoconstriction was observed with both doses of the compound
R also increase in response to hypertensive stimuli (Ivy et
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/302/2/672   (5959 words)

  
 Nifedipine Attenuates Systemic and Renal Vasoconstriction During Nitric Oxide Inhibition in Humans -- Dijkhorst-Oei et ...
We conclude that sustained nitric oxide deficiency in humans
vasoconstriction caused by impaired NO activity in humans.
Nifedipine Attenuates Systemic and Renal Vasoconstriction During Nitric Oxide Inhibition in Humans
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/29/5/1192   (4031 words)

  
 Afferent arteriolar adenosine A2a receptors are coupled to KATP in in vitro perfused hydronephrotic rat kidney -- Tang ...
A: tracings of the high-affinity vasodilatory response to adenosine observed during pressure-induced (myogenic) afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction.
A: tracing of transient afferent arteriolar vasoconstrictor response to 1.0 µM adenosine (ADO) and blockade of this response by the A
Mechanism of adenosine receptor induced renal vasoconstriction in the rat.
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/277/6/F926   (3281 words)

  
 Vasoconstriction
isordil 3 times/day and an explanation that my problem was probably vasoconstriction.
It is unlikely that vasoconstriction of your coronary arteries was really responsible for your symptoms.
I think, based on your stress test, that your doctors probably concluded that you do not really have significant coronary artery disease.
http://www.medhelp.org/forums/cardio/messages/31556a.html   (605 words)

  
 Thromboxane Receptor Mediates Renal Vasoconstriction and Contributes to Acute Renal Failure in Endotoxemic Mice -- ...
The mechanisms responsible for renal vasoconstriction and decrease
on the renal vasoconstriction and reduced GFR associated with
are that the early and sustained phases of renal vasoconstriction
http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/9/2358   (4279 words)

  
 Cigarette Smoking
Women who quit smoking as late as the first trimester may diminish some of these risks, but the risk of certain congenital malformations--such as cleft palate--is increased even in women who quit early in pregnancy.
(vasoconstriction decreases the flow of oxygen and nutrients to facial skin cells).
The effect of this reduced blood flow is visible in deep crow's feet radiating from the corners of the eyes and pale, grayish, wrinkled skin on the cheeks.
http://tuberose.com/Cigarette_Smoking.html   (2698 words)

  
 vasoconstriction - definition of vasoconstriction by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.
Constriction of a blood vessel, as by a nerve or drug.
This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
vasoconstriction - decrease in the diameter of blood vessels
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/vasoconstriction   (93 words)

  
 Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy -- Schrier et al. 114 (1): 5 -- Journal of ...
this physiological response of the normal kidney to vasoconstriction
blood pressure but cause renal vasoconstriction (78), which
This may be related to the early presence of severe
http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/114/1/5   (6422 words)

  
 vasoconstriction - OneLook Dictionary Search
vasoconstriction : The On-line Medical Dictionary [home, info]
vasoconstriction : Technical and Popular Medical Terms [home, info]
vasoconstriction : Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary [home, info]
http://www.onelook.com/?w=vasoconstriction   (185 words)

  
 Prevention of Hemodilution-Induced Inhibition of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction by N-Acetylcysteine in Dogs -- ...
Prevention of Hemodilution-Induced Inhibition of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction by N-Acetylcysteine in Dogs -- Kerbaul et al.
Prevention of Hemodilution-Induced Inhibition of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction by N-Acetylcysteine in Dogs
Copyright © 2004 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.
http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/cgi/content/abstract/99/2/547   (329 words)

  
 Resource Library: Find information on Vasoconstriction at MerckSource
The manufacture of a product generally has the most complete information about that product.
When blood vessels constrict, the flow of blood is restricted or slowed.
Resource Library: Find information on Vasoconstriction at MerckSource
http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_adam.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcnszSzcontentzSzadamzSzencyzSzarticlezSz002338zPzhtm   (223 words)

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