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| | Nat' Academies Press, Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus (1999) |
 | | Live variola stocks would have to be maintained if the development of effective antiviral drugs for smallpox therapy and prophylaxis were to be pursued. | | | Live or replication-defective variola virus would be needed if studies of variola pathogenesis were to be undertaken to provide information about the response of the human immune system. | | | As a consequence, little research on variola has been done since eradication. |
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http://www.nap.edu/books/0309064414/html/79.html
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| | Smallpox/Variola |
| | The variola virus is responsible for causing smallpox to breakout in humans. | | | Once Jenner began inoculating people with cowpox and proving their immunity to variola, his practice quickly replaced variolation as the preferred method of prevention of smallpox. | | | Critics say that the annihilation of smallpox is a good example of man's conquering a disease, but they feel that it is a bad reminder of our arrogance. |
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http://www.rhodes.edu/biology/glindquester/viruses/pagespass/smallpox/smallpox.html
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| | Variola |
| | Variolation is the practice of inhaling material from the dried pox scabs or inoculating this material directly beneath the skin. | | | This method was effective, but had the disadvantage of producing smallpox when the material was active and not providing full immunological protection in some recipients. | | | Nevertheless, this practice of variolation of both Variola Minor and Major were practiced in the 18 |
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http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/adeno/2000/variola.html
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| | Variola Virus |
| | Both MacCallum and Mood and Jong noted that the early vesicles and early pustules were unilocular and were not umbilicated, a clinical finding that was supported by histological examination of biopsy material. | | | This was the commonest clinical type of variola major. | | | Description: Widespread use of electron microscopy as a diagnostic method was not feasible until the negative staining technique was introduced (Fenner et al., 1988B). |
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http://pathport.vbi.vt.edu/pathinfo/pathogens/Variola.html
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| | CDC - Strengthening National Preparedness for Smallpox: an Update |
| | All work with live variola virus is done under biosafety level 4 containment conditions at CDC. | | | Such a model would be extremely valuable in evaluating candidate antiviral drugs and novel diagnostic assays and in defining the pathogenesis of smallpox. | | | A major goal of the current research is to define an animal model that faithfully replicates human smallpox. |
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http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol7no1/leduc.htm
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| | eMedicine - CBRNE - Smallpox : Article by Christopher J Hogan, MD |
| | Characteristic skin lesion of variola on the arms and legs of an adolescent. | | | Prior to eradication, the malignant, or flat form, of variola affected 6% of the population and evolved more slowly than the classic presentation. | | | The distribution and character of these lesions are the sine qua non of variola. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic885.htm
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| | Chapter 1 - Introduction |
| | There are no conclusive studies on whether people with residual immunity can transmit smallpox to nonvaccinated individuals (36). | | | Complications of smallpox arise most commonly in the respiratory system and range from simple bronchitis to fatal pneumonia. | | | Should such an attack take place, early detection would be essential to an effective defense. |
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http://www.afip.org/Departments/infectious/sp/text/1_1.htm
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| | CNS - CBW: Smallpox: From Eradicated Disease to Bioterrorist Threat |
| | IOM study concluded that live variola virus would be needed for the testing of antiviral drugs, possible development of a next-generation vaccine, and basic research on disease mechanisms. | | | Potential therapeutic benefits of variola proteins in modulating human immune responses. | | | Rogue states are not influenced by ethical or legal norms. |
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http://cns.miis.edu/research/cbw/smallpox.htm
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| | Smallpox |
| | The development of polymerase chain reaction diagnostic techniques promises a more accurate and less cumbersome method of discriminating between variola and other Orthopoxviruses. | | | The new PCR diagnostic techniques may be more accurate in discriminating between variola and other Orthopoxviruses. | | | Other clinical forms associated with variola major, flat-type and hemorrhagic-type smallpox, were notable for severe mortality. |
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http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/MedRef/OnlineRef/FieldManuals/medman/SmallPox.htm
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| | Smallpox Fact Sheet |
| | Persons with this form of the disease have lesions that develop more slowly, never raised above the surface of the skin, and feel soft to the touch. | | | About 3% of the persons with variola major develop purpura variolosa. | | | Variola major is the more severe form and has a 30-50% fatality rate among those who are unvaccinated (3% in vaccinated persons). |
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http://health.utah.gov/epi/fact_sheets/smallpox.html
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| | ASA Newsletter - Article 023a |
| | Identical pattern of the virus morphogenesis was observed in all the examined systems. | | | Variola virus is the causative agent of smallpox, one of the most severe human diseases. | | | A pock is in essence is a focus of local damage of chorion epithelium. |
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http://www.asanltr.com/newsletter/02-3/articles/023a.htm
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| | Smallpox (variola). DermNet NZ |
| | Where does smallpox come from and how is it spread? | | | Renewed interest in smallpox is taking place, as there is concern that the variola virus may be used as an agent of bioterrorism. | | | There are 2 clinical types of smallpox, variola major and variola minor. |
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http://dermnetnz.org/viral/smallpox.html
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| | NEJM -- Diagnosis and Management of Smallpox |
| | Newer methods, which detect IgM responses, may enhance | | | Variola minor: a personal analysis of 13,686 cases. | | | clinical smallpox has not been documented with variola sine |
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http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/346/17/1300
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| | dreddyclinic.com - Smallpox (variola) |
| | Variola minor is a milder form of the disease and causes a less serious illness. | | | Historically, variola major is fatal in about 30 percent of people who contract it. | | | His patient failed to contract smallpox, even when deliberately exposed to variola. |
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http://www.dreddyclinic.com/findinformation/vv/variolavirus.htm
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| | IOM Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus |
| | Whether the sequenced variola genome, vaccinia, and monkey pox virus are adequate for future research or whether the live variola virus itself is needed to assist in the development of antiviral therapies. | | | What further benefits, if any, would likely be gained through the use of variola in research and development efforts related to agent detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. | | | What unique potential benefits, if any, the study of variola would have in increasing our fundamental understanding of the biology, host-agent interactions, pathogenesis, and immune mechanisms of viral diseases. |
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http://www.iom.edu/report.asp?id=5581
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| | Variola definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms |
| | Variola: Smallpox, a highly contagious and frequently fatal viral disease characterized by a biphasic (double-humped) fever and a distinctive skin rash that (if the patient survived) left pock marks in its wake. | | | Variola definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms | | | MedicineNet Home > MedTerms medical dictionary A-Z List > Variola |
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http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6257
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| | Variola |
| | The smaller, the better in terms of settling in. | | | This beauty does range over the western Indo-Pacific, all the way to the Indian Ocean; but the best specimens, color, hardy and number-wise are to be had from the Red Sea. | | | Every individual Variola I've seen in the trade has been between four and eight inches. |
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http://www.wetwebmedia.com/variola.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | In 1798, Jenner published an article called "An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae," reporting the efficacy of his new treatment. | | | Phipps was completely protected and did not show any symptoms. | | | Variola major has a case fatality rate of approximately 25%, while variola minor, a less virulent form, has a case fatality rate below 1%. |
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http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/pox/history.html
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| | Small pox (variola) review - The Doctors Lounge(TM) |
| | Before the eradication of smallpox, variola virus existed as two related strains: variola major (smallpox), with a case-mortality rate of 20 to 50%, and variola minor (alastrim), which caused a clinically milder form of smallpox with a mortality of <1%. | | | Polymerase chain reaction promises to be more useful than traditional electron microscopy or virus isolation for confirming variola or other poxvirus infections. | | | It is now a laboratory virus with no natural host. |
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http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/infections/diseases/smallpox.htm
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| | My Variola |
| | Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a highly contagious disease unique to humans. | | | After this he was taken seriously, and by 1800 Jenner's work had been published in all of the major European languages. | | | By that time, a preventive treatment for smallpox had finally arrived. |
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http://www.myvariola.com
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| | variola - definition of variola by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. |
| | This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. | | | variola - a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars | | | alastrim, Cuban itch, Kaffir pox, milk pox, pseudosmallpox, pseudovariola, variola minor, West Indian smallpox, white pox - a mild form of smallpox caused by a less virulent form of the virus |
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http://www.thefreedictionary.com/variola
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| | Variola: essential data |
| | An effort to drive Amazonian Indians from their homes by companies wishing to log the area is believed to have involved the use of several pathogens. | | | It does not appear to have an animal host other than man and it does not survive for more than a few days outside of the host. | | | The disease can take on several other forms including black or hemorrhagic smallpox that have higher mortality rates. |
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http://www.cbwinfo.com/Biological/Pathogens/VARV.html
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| | Moviefone: Variola Vera Movie |
| | After you see their Unscripted Q&A, you will. | | | There are many reasons why I decided to use this movie in the first place. | | | 2001 Variola Vera (part of the X project), Media Nox gallery, Maribor 2000 Farenheit 451, project for Volksbibliothek Wuppertal... |
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http://movies.aol.com/movie/main.adp?mid=1109088
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| | Variola vera (1981) |
| | I have seen this movie and would like to comment on it | | | Plot Outline: This is a true story of the famous Variola epidemic outbreak in Belgrade. | | | Discuss this movie with other users on IMDb message board for Variola vera (1981) |
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http://us.imdb.com/Title?0083275
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| | Genera Reference- Detail |
| | Valid as *Variola* Swainson 1839 -- (Kendall 1984:500 [ref. 13663], Katayama in Masuda et al. |
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http://www.fishbase.org/Eschmeyer/GeneraSummary.cfm?ID=Variola
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