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| | A Tunicate Anti-Cancer Discovery - Antarctica.uab.edu |
 | | Such outcomes could prove important when seeking new therapeutic drugs to treat diseases such as cystic fibrosis or cancer. | | | Posted On 3/30/2004 5:28:44 AM As our research team continues its ongoing studies of the chemical ecology of Antarctic marine macroalgae and invertebrates we take pride in the applied overtones of our basic ecological research. | | | I am delighted that you found our interactive Antarctic web site interesting. |
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http://antarctica.uab.edu/Templates/Article.aspx?pid=294&print=true
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| | What's a Tunicate? |
| | It often comes as a surprise to learn that they are actually more closely related to vertebrates like ourselves than to most other invertebrate animals. | | | If you look closer, you can see that they have the same structures as solitary tunicates, only much tinier. | | | Tunicates are part of the phylum Urochordata, closely related to the phylum Chordata that includes all vertebrates. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/fhlk12/StudentProjects/Tun.biology.html
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| | Critters By The Sea |
| | The tunicates shown in the slides are also call ascidians (asci = sac) characterized by being sessile and filter feeding. | | | Slide 101: shows an individual of the compound tunicates, Synoicum parfustis (syn = fused; oci = house, par = beside; fust = club). | | | The urochordates are also call tunicates because their body wall resembles a tunic. |
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http://www.ocde.k12.ca.us/sciencek12/TIC6.htmL
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| | Pelagic Tunicate: Front Porch Reef, Bonaire |
| | This is a strip of nerve tissue, similar to a spinal cord in vertebrates only without a backbone. | | | Tunicates have tubular bodies with an opening at each end. | | | They can push water through their tubular bodies, propelling the Pelagic Tunicates through the water. |
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http://www.reefnews.com/reefnews/photos/ptunicat.html
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| | tunicate on Encyclopedia.com |
| | A commonly held theory maintains that vertebrates evolved from animals like the larvaceans. | | | Food particles are filtered from the water by the pharynx, which occupies most of the body, and are then passed into the digestive system. | | | The soft body is surrounded by a thick test, or tunic, often transparent or translucent and varying in consistency from gelatinous to leathery. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/t1/tunicate.asp
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| | Monterey Bay Aquarium: Online Field Guide |
| | If conditions are poor or there are no other tunicates nearby, each tunicate can reproduce by itself. | | | other tunicates; distant relative of all animals with notochords, including human beings! | | | Living creatures in the deep are affected by what we do at the surface. |
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http://www.mbayaq.org/efc/living_species?inhab=168
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| | Tunicate Pharmacopoeia - Kenneth L. Rinehart |
| | The most advanced of the ascidian-derived drugs is didemnin B, which takes its name from the Didemnidae, the family of tunicates where it was found. | | | Others grow in colonies, where the individual animals are much smaller. | | | Sea squirts are also called ascidians or tunicates; the latter term is indicative of their tough outer coat, or tunic. |
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http://www.worldandi.com/specialreport/1988/september/Sa15044.htm
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| | Iselin Pier Field Trip |
| | We tried to dive deeper under the ladder-side of the pier to look at the older portions that aren’t cleared of fouling organisms as often, but between the current, being too buoyant and lack of sufficient sunlight, we didn’t see much. | | | The current was a bit strong, so we had to kick or hold on to remain in any place for very long. | | | First we examined the fauna (esp. tunicates and molluscs) encrusting the floating dock (below right). |
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http://www.whoi.edu/science/B/people/sbeaulieu/teaching/pier.html
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| | Just Blue |
| | Please feel free to look at our Questions and Answers and Interesting facts pages. | | | Renewed interest in this group due to natural product research and anti-cancer research has highlighted the enormous amount of new and unknown compounds that are found in not only ascidians, but also sponges, bryozoans and other marine invertebrates commonly found off our coast. | | | The main thrust of this program is in tunicate taxonomy. |
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http://www.justblue.co.za
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| | Investigating an Exotic Tunicate |
| | The invader is Ciona savignyi (pronounced Sióna savíni), a tunicate, an interesting invertebrate animal closely related to vertebrates like ourselves. | | | Although Puget Sound is home to many native tunicate species, this one is native to Japan. | | | Ciona savignyi was probably brought into Puget Sound by trans-oceanic shipping, perhaps in ballast water carried inside ships, or as adult animals attached to ships' hulls. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/fhlk12/StudentProjects/TunIndex.html
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| | Invasive Species - Didemnum sp. - Colonial Tunicate - Didemnum sp. - PNW Critter Watchers |
| | Early efforts to isolate and treat the tunicate in the Pacific Northwest have been very effective, and prompt action is critical! | | | is a non-native, colonial tunicate species that is an aggressive invader and a threat to a variety of marine life including our commercial shellfish fisheries. | | | Unlike other tunicates (or "sea squirts") you will not see a pair of openings on the outer surface. |
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http://www.pnwscuba.com/critterwatchers/invasive.htm
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| | Wetpixel :: Forums -> Indonesia Angel and Tunicate please critique all aspects |
| | I know what you mean about shutting down exposure to blacken bkgrnd; but, how can one change settings quickly while pursuing a fish? | | | I agree with the tunicate, focus was good but overexposed a little. | | | Usually I set it for shutter priority 1/125 when I know I'll be shooting fish, but I had it on aperture priority for some reason, probably narced. |
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http://www.wetpixel.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=7571
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| | New Page 1 |
| | Colonies are often found overgrowing other encrusting organisms. | | | Honeysuckle tunicates concentrate large amounts of vanadium from seawater and sequester the element into corpuscles called vanadocytes which are carried in the blood and flow throughout the circulatory system. | | | Close-up of an individual honeysuckle tunicate showing the green body color for which the species was named. |
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http://www.sms.si.edu/irlfieldguide/peroph_viridi.htm
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| | Tunicates |
| | You can see the tunic has protrusions which are used to fix itself to objects. | | | GO TO PART 2 to see other interesting members of the tunicate family: Salps, Doliolids and Larvaceans. | | | This stage is especially interesting for us because the tunic has not yet many colored inclusions and internal organization of individuals may be seen more easily. |
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http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artdec00/tunicp1.html
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| | Pelagic Tunicate References |
| | Thraustochytrid fungoid protists in faecal pellets of the tunicate Pegea confoederata, their tolerance to deep-sea conditions and implication in degradation processes. | | | The impact of appendicularian grazing on natural concentrations in situ. | | | Listed here are a variety of scientific papers that relate to the study of pelagic tunicates. |
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http://jellieszone.com/tunicatereferences.htm
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| | tunicate |
| | Tunicates will "flinch" if there is sudden movement in their area. | | | Tunicate larvae do not feed and are essentially a dispersal form. | | | The remainder of the body twists through 180 degrees in order to become a small tunicate. |
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http://borntoexplore.org/aquarium/tunicate.htm
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| | Encyclopedia article on Nervous system [EncycloZine] |
| | Based in part on commonalities in embryonic development among all chordates, the tunicate brain is believed to resemble the evolutionary precursor of the vertebrate brainstem. | | | These waves are both afferent and efferent, representing both the sensation of chemicals or touch as well as the stimulus of the animals' reflexive mechanical response.The worms and flukes of the phylum platyhelminthes possess a network of nerves that operates like a more conventional nervous system, but lack a brain. | | | Annelid worms and tunicates have a primitive brain called a ganglionic mass, which is a bundle of several nerves. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Nervous_system
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| | Search Results for tunicate - Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Tunicates do not have the well-developed secondary body cavity (coelom) of other chordates, but traces of one perhaps are represented by cavities around the heart and by an extension of the gut... | | | Although rarely eaten by humans, tunicates are an important link in the food chain and thus indirectly provide humans with a source of food. | | | Tunicates often are hosts for various parasitic animals. |
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http://www.britannica.com/search?query=tunicate&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT
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| | Growfish - Gippsland Aquaculture Industry Network (GAIN) |
| | DFO is trying to determine if processing the shellfish might make the tunicate spread. | | | Tunicate compete with the mussels for the same food. | | | The department is also testing the water near other plants where mussels from Savage Harbour were processed to be sure the tunicate has not already spread to new bodies of water. |
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http://www.growfish.com.au/content.asp?ContentId=3968
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| | USGS Release: Invasive Sea Squirt Alive and Well on Georges Bank (11/19/2004) |
| | Sea squirts are tunicates, a type of sea life with a primitive spinal cord and a firm, flexible outer covering called a "tunic," from which the name derives. | | | Tunicates can overgrow sea scallops and mussels, and they may affect other species of clams and worms that live in the seabed below the tunicate colony. | | | Tunicate fragments were also found in the stomachs of haddock and winter flounder collected in the area, but did not appear to be digested. |
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http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=136
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| | The Urochordata |
| | However, many tunicates have a larva that is free-swimming and exhibits all chordate characteristics: it has a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. | | | Complete body fossils of tunicates are rare, but tunicates in some families generate microscopic spicules that may be preserved as microfossils. | | | Few paleontologists are familiar with them; tunicate spicules may be mistaken for sponge spicules. |
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http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/urochordata.html
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| | Pacific Adventuer invasive tunicate page |
| | While Botrylloides is a non-native colonial tunicate, it has been in our waters for at least 25 years and does not worry scientists as much as Didemnum. | | | Each little hole in the tunicate that you see in both sets of photos is the intake syphon of a tiny tunicate zooid (these animals are like corals, lots of little critters sharing a common structure). | | | Divers have been reporting a species of tunicate by the name of Botrylloides violaceous, thinking it could be Didemnum sp. |
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http://www.pacadventure.com/invasive.htm
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| | CBC Prince Edward Island - Mystery machine for tunicate |
| | The P.E.I. Aquaculture Alliance has been studying ways to either eradicate or control the clubbed tunicate since 1999. | | | P.E.I. man may face prison term for fraud | | | Clubbed tunicate can be so thick on mussel lines that you can't see the mussels |
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http://www.cbc.ca/pei/story/pe_tunicate20031121.html
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| | The Sea Slug Forum - Nembrotha sp. 12 |
| | It is an interesting find, but like so many such observations, it raises more questions than it answers. | | | Do you possibly also know the name of the Tunicate on which the Nudibranch is feeding and is this prey specific for the slug? | | | Enclosed are two slides of a very distinct Tunicate and a small Nudibranch that is feeding on it. |
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http://www.seaslugforum.net/display.cfm?id=9151
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| | Invasive Species of Tunicate found on Georges Bank |
| | This sea squirt or tunicate has been identified as Didemnum cf. | | | These siphon-feeding animals form dense mats on the seabed, made of many thousands of individuals, encrusting the hard bottom and organisms attached to it. | | | Researchers have just identified an invasive species of sea squirt on the northern edge of Georges Bank, colonizing at least a 6.5 square mile area at a depth of just over 150 feet. |
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http://sh.nefsc.noaa.gov/tunicate.htm
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| | JoT Ev Tunicate |
| | The field guide to tidal animals said that they are among the most advanced animals found in the tidal zone. | | | A tunicate looks like a little white blob, soft and shiny like a jellyfish. | | | field trip to the beach at low tide, we found a tunicate. |
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http://www.jonathantweet.com/jotevtunicate.html
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| | Tunicate |
| | The dark area at the upper right is the opening, which would be circular if the water were still. | | | These little guys seem to be just a thin, flexible membrane over some central element. | | | These things sway with the current in a way calculated to tantalize the macro photographer (that would be me) who's trying to work with maybe a 1/16 inch depth of field while dealing with the same (but inevitably out-of-phase) current and surge as the tunicate. |
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http://www.kasson.com/png/tunicate.htm
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| | Tunicate Bulbs by Seed |
| | There are many ways, but these are the two that I have found most successful for me. This section is Method I. Enjoy! | | | As this happens over time, the bulbs need to be dug up, separated and replanted further apart, and the natural reproduction will repeat itself.. | | | A tunicate is a true bulb and as such consist of a shoot and a basal plate. |
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http://www.landspro.com/page8.htm
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| | Elastic Modulus and Stress-Transfer Properties of Tunicate Cellulose Whiskers |
| | Here we report on measurements of the elastic modulus of tunicate cellulose using a Raman spectroscopic technique. | | | However, little has been published on the direct measurements of the mechanical properties, and in particular the elastic modulus, of the highly crystalline material in the native state. | | | This indicates that the tunicate sample is a two-dimensional in-plane random network of fibers. |
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http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bomaf6/2005/6/i02/abs/bm049291k.html
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| | Marine Nuisance Species, Didemnum, a colonial tunicate; ascidian; sea squirt, Home Page |
| | They overgrow organisms such as tunicates, sponges, macroalgae, hydroids, anemones, bryozoans, scallops, mussels, and oysters. | | | Where these colonies occur on the seabed, they likely cover the siphons of infaunal bivalves. | | | Within the past few years, several species of the colonial tunicate genus Didemnum from different parts of the world have drawn attention as nuisance species because they reproduce rapidly and foul marine habitats (including shellfish aquacultures and fishing grounds), ship's hulls, and maritime structures. |
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http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/stellwagen/didemnum
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| | Horticulture - San Miguel County Cooperative Extension |
| | Scaly bulbs lack the protective tunic and consequently are more easily damaged and suffer from dessication more readily than tunicate bulbs. | | | These methods, however, are relatively slow and seldom used commercially. | | | Offset: An offset (small bulb - also referred to as a `split' or `spoon') develop naturally at the base of the parent bulb. |
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http://www.coopext.colostate.edu/SanMiguel/hortpagehp156.html
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| | ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Tunicate |
| | Tunicate, common name for about 2,000 species of marine invertebrate animals characterized by a protective covering called a tunic. | | | Help with Spanish, French, German, and Italian homework. | | | Hermaphroditism habitually occurs in many invertebrate animals, in the hagfish and tunicate, and in the sea bass of the genus Serranus. |
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http://au.encarta.msn.com/Tunicate.html
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| | New Page 1 |
| | Botyrlloides nigrum, the black encrusting tunicate, is similar in size and appearance to the royal tunicate and is difficult to distinguish from it without dissecting individual zooids. | | | Close-up of the royal tunicate showing the common excurrent siphon at center and the individual incurrent siphons outlined in gold. | | | Botryllus planus, the royal tunicate, is also known as the variable encrusting tunicate. |
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http://www.sms.si.edu/IRLFieldGuide/Botryl_planus.htm
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| | National Park Service—Natural Resource Year in Review—2004 |
| | The tunicate has invaded many other estuaries, often overrunning both disturbed areas and native species with its matlike growth. | | | The students are carefully removing the species by hand from several test sites on both a monthly and a bimonthly basis to determine the optimum frequency of removal required for the most efficient control. | | | This clonal tunicate is native to the estuaries of Europe, and like most invasive marine species, was likely transported as a “hitchhiker” growing on the hull or in the ballast water of a ship, or possibly in a shipment of juvenile oysters from another estuary. |
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http://www2.nature.nps.gov/yearinreview/02_J.html
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| | MIT Sea Grant Introduced Species Descriptions |
| | This stalked tunicate was introduced from Japan, can grow to about 6 inches long, and has been observed from Maine to New Jersey. | | | This tunicate has cream to white coloration with microscopic individual zooids. | | | They have been introduced from Europe and have expanded from Newfoundland to the Chesapeake Bay, and can be found attached to docks or other hard substrates in protected areas of the subtidal, out to 60 feet deep. |
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http://massbay.mit.edu/exoticspecies/exoticmaps/descriptions_intro.html
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - Tunicate |
| | Tunicate, common name for any member of a subphylum of primitive marine chordates. | | | How well did we match your search term? | | | Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Tunicate
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| | Scoop: Clubbed tunicate survey to start in Viaduct |
| | This week there has been a further unconfirmed find of what is thought to be a juvenile clubbed tunicate on the fouled hull of a vessel that had travelled to Picton from the Viaduct. | | | Biosecurity New Zealand announced late last week that the clubbed tunicate sea squirt had been found in the Viaduct and its presence at Lyttelton detected as part of baseline research being undertaken around the country to assess the state of the country’s ports. | | | The clubbed tunicate has also been declared an unwanted organism, giving Biosecurity New Zealand the teeth to implement control measures under the Biosecurity Act if necessary. |
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http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/SC0510/S00023.htm
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| | Chapter Tunicate <i>to</i> Turfing of T by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition) |
| | Animal cellulose; a substance present in the mantle, or tunic, of the Tunicates, which resembles, or is identical with, the cellulose of the vegetable kingdom. | | | Copyright: All texts on Bibliomania are © Bibliomania.com Ltd, and may not be reproduced in any form without our written permission. | | | Having each joint buried in the preceding funnel- shaped one, as in certain antennæ of insects. |
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http://www.bibliomania.com/2/3/257/1211/24355/1.html
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| | Tunicate Larva 1 |
| | Although sessile adult tunicates bear little resemblance to typical chordates, their larvae clearly exhibit the four fundamental characteristics of the phylum: a dorsal tubular nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal gill slits and a postanal tail. | | | Prior to undergoing retrograde metamorphosis during which time they lose all of these characteristics except for the pharyngeal gill slits, the tunicate larvae attach themselves to the substrate by means of adhesive papillae on the anterior end of the body. | | | Note: This page is best viewed at a screen size of 800 X 600 pixels |
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http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-8b/Tunicate_Larva_1/tunicate_larva_1.htm
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| | TUNICATE COLLECTION |
| | Feeding: All tunicates are filter-feeders and can be fed liquid invertebrate food such as Roti-Rich. | | | Contains five genera of tunicates, three solitary and two compound species. | | | Maintenance: Keep tunicates in a well-circulating marine aquarium between 10C-12C. |
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http://www.sealifesupply.com/tunicate.htm
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| | Larvacean Tunicate Research |
| | My research interests for many years have centered on the biology of larvacean tunicates, specifically Oikopleura spp. | | | This, in turn, led to my current line of investigation, the potential role of the house as a predator deterrent in general, in both luminescent and non-luminescent larvaceans. | | | This Home Page was created on 18 Feb 96. |
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http://www.csulb.edu/~galt/research.htm
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| | Allen G. Collins: Publications |
| | A preliminary phylogeny of Pelagiidae (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), with new observations of Chrysaora colorata comb. | | | Recent Introduction of the ecologically dominant tunicate Pyura praeputialis (Urochordata, Pyuridae) to Antofagasta, northern Chile. |
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http://www.paleobio.org/agc/Publications_AGC.html
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