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| | Trematode Parasites: What Is Their Genesis? |
 | | Aeby (1991) discusses trematodes which encyst in coral polyps as an intermediate stage, changing the polyp appearance and behavior. | | | The purposes of this study are to review some of the “design-like” behaviors and structures of this group of parasites, to search for a reasonable explanation for their existence in the evolutionary literature, and to provide a creation-based explanation for their origins. | | | Carney (1969) discusses the alteration of formicine ant behavior by the lancet fluke trematode ( Dicrocoelium dendriticum). |
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http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/36/36_4/trematodes.html
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| | The Origin and Evolution of Trematode Life Cycle |
| | The analysis of trematode evolution itself is based on the principle of the posse sing equal rights study of all stages of the life cycles, i.e. | | | Creation of the «natural» trematode system reflecting the real phyletic interactions between certain groups requires a thorough accounting of the specific features in structure and biology of all stages of the life cycles. | | | The book contains a broad scope of modern information on digenetic trematodes, from descriptions of their morphology and development to their behaviour and the structure of their populational groups. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/sc/gorbushin/galbook.html
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| | Penn State Eberly College of Science -- Deformed Frogs Form when Parasites and Pesticides Combine |
| | The researchers also took a blood sample from each tadpole, and then exposed the four groups of tadpoles to trematode larvae under conditions that assured the tadpoles would be invaded by the parasites. | | | Kiesecker and his team designed their experiments to learn how pesticide exposure affects the immune response of the animals and their ability to fight off trematode parasites. | | | Caption: Close up of the materials used to make the field cages, with a cercariae for reference, shows how excluding or allowing infection was accomplished. |
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http://www.science.psu.edu/alert/Kiesecker7-2002.htm
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| | Our Stolen Future: Trematode parasites cause some frog deformities |
| | One additional factor they do not address, but related to the last point, is whether variation in immune system function may relate to variation in resistance to the parasite. | | | This paper establishes experimentally and through field observation that in certain regions within the western US, a trematode parasite is responsible for many of the frog deformities observed in nature. | | | Our Stolen Future: Trematode parasites cause some frog deformities |
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http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/newscience/wildlife/frogs/1999johnsonetal.htm
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| | The effect of Trematode parthenitae on the growth of Onoba aculeus, Littorina saxatilis and L. obtusata (Gastropoda: ... |
| | The principle characteristics of ecology, population structure and trematode fauna of both periwinkle species in the White Sea is described by Granovitch 1992, Sergievsky et al., 1997. | | | Nevertheless, within the wide range of ecological, life cyclic, morphological and biological diversity of trematodes in general, M. piriformes and M. pseudopygmaeus should be considered as a very similar species. | | | One way of attacking this problem are comparative studies of growth responses of short-lived and long-lived snail hosts following the infestation with the same or biologically similar trematode species. |
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http://www.gorbushin.fromru.com/pap99.html
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| | KIE Evidence: Looking at Trematodes |
| | After seeing all this evidence, Dr. Sessions thought that the trematode parasites were causing some leg deformities. | | | Dr. Sessions knew that the legs of an adult frog develop from tissues in the tadpoles that are very close to the cloaca. | | | Could trematode cysts cause the kind of deformities Dr. Sessions was investigating? |
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http://www.kie.berkeley.edu/ned/data/E01-980208-001/full.html
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| | Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center Website |
| | Chemicals that are applied to a body of water to control snails can also kill fish; therefore it is not practical to treat an entire pond. | | | Developed a copper sulfate pond shoreline treatment for use against aquatic snails that vector trematode parasites in channel catfish ponds. | | | This treatment received an EPA label (1278-8) for use in commercial ponds. |
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http://www.snarc.ars.usda.gov/Research/mitchell.htm
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| | Trematodocidal Drugs -- Encylopedic Reference of Parasitology |
| | PZQ is an excellent, and widely used drug against other human trematodes such as Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, and numerous intestinal trematodes. | | | Strategic applications of molluscicides must be carried out with appropriate techniques and at regular yearly intervals to reduce effectively the snail population including those which are intermediate hosts for trematodes. | | | Because there is little host specificity intestinal trematodes are often found in unusual hosts. |
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http://parasitology.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/login/n/h/2508.html
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| | Lab6 |
| | This is for your information only, you will not be tested on the internal anatomy of the trematodes in the laboratory portion of this course. | | | Diagram 1 shows a drawing of the internal anatomy of a digenean trematode. | | | Comments or Questions contact Dr. Thomas Nolan at |
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http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/paraav/labs/lab6.htm
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| | Zoonoses: Hidden health problems caused by fish-borne trematodes. |
| | Unfortunately, detecting a low level of trematode infection, which is vital for early and effective treatment, is difficult even for trained technicians. | | | Even more difficult is identification of the species of trematode, information that is important for epidemiological studies. | | | Infection with fish-borne trematodes is associated with a most unpleasant cancer of the bile duct which is very difficult to treat, even if it is detected early. |
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http://www.new-agri.co.uk/03-2/focuson/focuson6.html
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| | Advances in Trematode Biology |
| | Advances in Trematode Biology includes practical information on parasitological techniques, emphasizing species of medical and veterinary importance - a key reference for parasitologists, biologists, medical, and veterinary personnel. | | | Advances in Trematode Biology presents a thorough treatment of modern trematodology, including principles and practices. | | | With coverage of background material as well as modern methods, Advances in Trematode Biology updates researchers, practitioners, and students with new information in immunology, biochemistry, physiology, and molecular biology. |
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http://www.ramex.com/title.asp?id=5503
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| | APPENDICES |
| | The project would begin with the analysis of various surface antigens associated with free swimming, and encysted stages of metacercaria of C. | | | Table 2: Incidence and control of human, food-borne trematode | | | Regional Workshop on Research into Incidence and Control of Human, Food-borne Trematode Infections from Freshwater Fish |
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http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X6949E/x6949e05.htm
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| | DIALOG Dissertation Abstracts |
| | Taxonomy, ecology and larval trematode infections of freshwater gastropods in the highveld and lowveld areas of zimbabwe with emphasis on amphistome and schistosome intermediate hosts | | | The morphological techniques need to be complemented by molecular techniques to enable correct identifications. | | | The snail fauna in the study area was dominated by intermediate hosts of trematode parasites of medical and veterinary importance. |
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http://aslo.org/phd/dialog/200203-19.html
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| | Penn State Altoona - Biology |
| | "The effect of a trematode parasite on a New Zealand snail's behavioral response to gravity." Lunnen, Shane, Carolyn Itle, Travis Martin, and Edward P. Levri. | | | "The effect of a trematode parasite on the behavior of a New Zealand snail in Lake Peorua, New Zealand." Lunnen, S., Itle, C. | | | The effect of a trematode parasite on the response of a New Zealand snail to gravity. |
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http://www.aa.psu.edu/biology/student_presentations.htm
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| | Parasites, Not Pollution, Responsible For Some Frog Deformities, According To New Study |
| | Johnson and Sessions both think that the parasites may exploit the frogs' deformities as part of their own reproductive cycle. | | | More research is necessary to understand the natural fluctuation in trematode populations before scientists can draw any conclusions about human effects. | | | Because birds prey upon them much more often than normal frogs, deformed frogs may play an unfortunate but critical role in the parasite's reproduction strategy. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/print.php?url=/releases/1999/05/990503042000.htm
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| | IBSS NASU |
| | Current research interests: studying of the structure and mechanisms of functioning of trematode populations (= parasite systems) in a coastal zone of the Black Sea. | | | Ph.D. theses: Structure and characters of functioning of trematode, Helicometra fasciata (Rud., 1819) parasite system in the Black Sea near-shore. | | | National Research Grant of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (2002- present time) |
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http://www.ibss.iuf.net/people/korniychuk/korniychuk.html
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| | Black Spot in Perch and Pickerel |
| | Black spot trematode in skin of blacknose dace. | | | The unsightly condition may be caused by several different species of parasites. | | | The digenetic trematode parasite lives in three different host animals during it’s life. |
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http://www.state.me.us/ifw/fishing/fishlab/vol2issue10.htm
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| | FROGS.ORG: News |
| | The latest focus of the ongoing research will be the ponds themselves and the factors that contribute to trematode populations. | | | The students also work on experiments with frogs in the lab to see the effects of excess ultraviolet rays, viruses and fungus on the frogs. | | | According to the study, the main culprit for the leg deformities in the frogs is a parasite found in the snail populations of ponds and man-made lakes. |
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http://www.frogs.org/news/article.asp?CategoryID=7&InfoResourceID=1754
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| | Pesticides, Parasite May Cause Frog Deformities |
| | Kiesecker and other researchers have warned that the physiological problems seen in frogs may foreshadow similar effects on humans. | | | The trematode also affects people—although not so dramatically as in developing frogs. | | | The study, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, was based on tests in both the laboratory and the field that were designed to examine the interaction of parasites and pesticides. |
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http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/07/0709_020709_deformedfrogs.html
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| | Swimmer's Itch |
| | Rarely, it can be severe if a large proportion of the body is affected. | | | Over the past ten years, the baseline temperatures of the freshwater bodies in temperate zones have increased and migrating aquatic bird populations have generally increased, creating a greater risk of swimmer's itch. | | | Marine swimmers itch is probably from contact with the larval form of the thimble jellyfish (Linuche unguiculata), sea anenome (Edwardsiella lineata), Portuguese Man-of-War (physalia utriculus), and probably numerous others. |
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http://www.aocd.org/skin/dermatologic_diseases/swimmers_itch.html
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| | Rebecca Baldwin |
| | for aiding in dissection and identification of the two trematodes studied. | | | One of these trematodes, the buecephalid, develops in a branched sporocyst, while the other, an alleocreadiid, has a normal sac-like sporocyst (5). | | | The tegument was very different on the two specimens, as well as the overall body structure. |
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http://home.uleth.ca/emf/rebecca/index.htm
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| | Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 97193669 |
| | Physiology and Biochemistry of Snail-Larval Trematode Relationships..........149 S.N. Thompson 7. | | | Structure and Function of the Alimentary Tract in Trematodes........ | | | Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog. |
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http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy042/97193669.html
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| | Trematode Infections and Diseases of Man and Animals - Compare Shop Books |
| | 8 Echinostomiasis, heterophyiasis, metagonimiasis and other intestinal trematode infections 322 | | | The intended readership of this treatise include the postgraduate students of medical and veterinary parasitology, research workers as well as medical practitioners, veterinarians, tropical diseases specialists, veterinary public health specialists and teachers concerned with trematode infections and trematodiasis of man and animals. | | | During the past decades new data on the distribution, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and control of trematode infections and diseases in man and animals, including zoonotic trematodiasis, have emerged from various geographical regions. |
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http://www.compareshopbooks.com/0792355091.htm
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| | Trematode - Definition of Trematode by Webster's Online Dictionary |
| | Trematode - Definition of Trematode by Webster's Online Dictionary | | | trematode - parasitic flatworms having external suckers for attaching to a host | | | blood fluke, class Trematoda, Fasciola hepatica, Fasciolopsis buski, flatworm, fluke, liver fluke, platyhelminth, schistosome, Trematoda, trematode worm |
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http://www.webster-dictionary.org/definition/trematodes
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| | Statements of Principles - Clonorchiasis - reasonable hypothesis |
| | The causative organism Clonorchis sinensis is a Trematode [fluke] with propensity to infest the biliary system of humans. | | | The diagnosis of clonorchiasis can be accepted by the Repatriation Commission when it is confirmed by a general medical practitioner or specialist as the final diagnosis or on advice by a Departmental Medical Officer. | | | Use ICD code 121.1 which is the specific classification for this disease process. |
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http://www.dva.gov.au/pensions/statemnt/a007.htm
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| | Olympus Microscopy Resource Center: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Differential Interference Contrast Image ... |
| | Some research suggests, however, that digenetic trematode infection may have other effects in different species. | | | The endoparasites of the genus Echinostoma often infect avian species, such as ducks, geese, and pigeons, as well as humans. | | | The growth of extra digits or duplicate limbs may be a localized response to the mechanical disruption caused by trematodes encysted in the hindquarters of frogs, salamanders, and other amphibians. |
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http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/techniques/dic/dicgallery/digenetictrematodesmall.html
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| | Re: why are some frogs deformed? |
| | Trematodes are small flatworms that can use frogs for one stage of their life cycle. | | | The effect of the trematodes appears to be mostly mechanical, as the Hartwick College group has implanted microbeads into the limbs of developing tadpoles and seen the same effect. | | | "The effect of trematode infection on amphibian limb development and survivorship." Science 284:802-804). |
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http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/oct2000/970433672.Zo.r.html
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| | Amazon.co.uk: Books: Trematode Infections and Diseases in Man and Animals |
| | The intended readership of this treatise include postgraduate students of medical and veterinary parasitology, research workers as well as medical practitioners, veterinarians, tropical diseases specialists, veterinary public health specialists and teachers concerned with trematode infections and trematodiasis of man and animals. | | | Seven major trematode-induced disease groups, namely, schistosomiasis, paragonimiasis, fascioliasis and fasciolopsiasis, dicrocoeliasis and eurytremiasis, clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis, paramphistomiasis, and diseases due to intestinal trematode infections are dealt with in this book. | | | Data on the distribution, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and control of trematode infections and diseases in man and animals, including zoonotic trematodiasis, have been put together in this book. |
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http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0792355091
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| | Fisheries & Oceans, Pacific Region - Welcome to Science Branch |
| | Gymnophallid metacercariae of oysters, Metacercaria infection of oysters, Oyster trematode disease. | | | Sakaguchi, S. Studies on the life history of the trematode parasitic in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, and on the hinderance for pearl culture. | | | Bower, S.M., McGladdery (2001): Synopsis of Infectious Diseases and Parasites of Commercially Exploited Shellfish: Oyster Trematode Diseases. |
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http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/sci/shelldis/pages/gymnopoy_e.htm
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| | Amy Krist -- Research |
| | Factors affecting susceptibility of snails to trematode infection. | | | I have found support for this prediction in two snail trematode interactions. | | | As stated above, this selection can affect the life-history characters of hosts and may also select for sexual reproduction. |
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http://www.uwec.edu/kristac/research.html
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| | * Trematode - (Animals): Definition |
| | Trematode s have retained the same body form and digestive cavity as the turbellarians. | | | However, practically the entire interior is occupied by the reproductive system; the organism is capable of producing huge numbers of offspring. | | | They are also host to internal and external parasites, including lice, cestods and trematode s. |
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http://en.mimi.hu/animals/trematode.html
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| | EIU-BioSci Personnel/Laursen_J.htm |
| | He is also interested in larval trematode development, specifically using snail cell cultures to support larval trematode development and differentiation in vitro. | | | Laursen's research interests are snail/trematode interactions at the ecological and cellular levels. | | | since trematode larvae harm their host snails, are snails which are subject to poor quality or polluted habitats more susceptible to trematode-induced pathology? |
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http://www.eiu.edu/~biology/personnel/laursen_j.htm
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| | ADW: Trematoda: Information |
| | Unlike monogeneans, trematodes have no opisthoaptor; instead, they are characterized by one or two suckers. | | | Their body is covered with a tegument, a peculiar kind of epidermal arrangement in which the main cell bodies are deep, separated from the cytoplasm that lies next to the exterior by a layer of muscle (but connected to the exterior layer by cellular processes. | | | They are like turbellarians in having a relatively well developed alimentary canal, and their muscular, excretory, and reproductive systems are also relatively complete. |
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http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Trematoda.html
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| | Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly) |
| | 1982), it is impossible to diagnose the trematode through those methods due to the similarity of young stages. | | | Those primers were simultaneously used in a Multiplex-PCR with another pair of primers that amplified the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA of the trematode and molluscs which worked as an internal control. | | | Another difficulty arises when the snails collected in the field die before their arrival in laboratory, precluding any chance of trematode detection. |
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http://www.bioline.org.br/request?oc04074
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| | KIE Evidence: The Trematode Life Cycle |
| | Like other parasites, trematodes live in another organism called the | | | For example, egg, tadpole, and frog are all different stages of a frog's life cycle. | | | If we want to understand why trematodes would be causing lots of deformities in frogs, we need to understand their life cycle. |
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http://www.kie.berkeley.edu/ned/data/E01-971021-001/E01-971021-001.html
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| | >Trematode Life Cycle |
| | Clearing and staining can be used to visualize these cysts in close physical association with deformities ( picture). | | | The trematode eggs are released from the primary host into the environment, including ponds, where they hatch into a free swimming stage called a miracidum, which penetrates aquatic snails (we have found it in both planorbids and physids). | | | A diagnostic feature of this trematode is a pair of diverticulae just posterior to the muscular pharynx; no other North America species of digenetic trematode has this feature ( picture of the trematode ; Schell, 1985). |
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http://greenmuseum.org/c/vban/trematode.php
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| | Introduction to the Platyhelminthes |
| | A few trace fossils have been reported that were probably made by platyhelminths (Alessandrello et al., 1988), and fossil trematode eggs have been found in Egyptian mummies and in the dried dung of Pleistocene ground sloth. | | | If the mollusc is irritated by the presence of trematode larvae, it may be able to surround them with layers of shelly material - and thus do parasites become natural pearls. | | | Trematode larvae that parasitize molluscs may leave pits or thin spots on the inside of the shell, and these pits may be recognized on fossil shells. |
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http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/platyhelminthes/platyhelminthes.html
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