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| Â | Injectable Anesthesia in Dogs - Part 1: Solutions, Doses and Administration |
 | | Recovery can be rough especially if the patient awakes from thiopental alone. | | | It is a myocardial depressant drug that induces tachycardia and an increased incidence of arrhythmias. | | | If mucous membrane color is pink, capillary refill time normal, pulse is strong, and some jaw tone present, the patient can be observed until respiration starts or vital signs change. |
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http://www.ivis.org/advances/Anesthesia_Gleed/ilkiw/chapter_frm.asp?LA=1
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| Â | Injectable Anesthesia in Dogs - Part 2: Comparative Pharmacology |
| | The effect of ketamine or etomidate on gastroesophageal sphincter pressure and barrier pressure has not been reported in dogs although in cats, sphincter tone was better maintained with ketamine than with propofol and thiopental [ 123 ]. | | | Although propofol decreased urodynamic variables in female dogs, the values were closer to values in unsedated dogs, making propofol the drug of choice for studying urethral pressure profile in dogs [ 138 ]. | | | This chapter compares the pharmacological properties of the injectable anesthetic agents, thiopental, etomidate, propofol and ketamine, in order to guide the veterinary practitioner in their appropriate use in the dog. |
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http://www.ivis.org/advances/Anesthesia_Gleed/ilkiw2/chapter_frm.asp?LA1
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| Â | euthanasics |
| | Thiopental I.V. + muscle relaxant I.V./I.M./I.A. (n = 45) | | | In 14 cases not thiopental, but a benzodiazepine (diazepam, midazolam) or an opiate (morphine, nicomorphine), was used to start, while in 3 cases morphine or potassium chloride was given instead of a muscle relaxant. | | | Although intramuscular administration of muscle relaxants (after intravenous administration of thiopental) may be considered as an alternative, it must be kept in mind that the time lapse becomes longer. |
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http://www.wweek.com/html/euthanasics.html
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| Â | Thiopental Sodium |
| | Thiopental readily crosses the placental barrier and should be used with caution during pregnancy. | | | Client Information - This drug should only be used by professionals familiar with its effects in a setting where adequate respiratory support can be performed. | | | Adverse Effects/Warnings - In dogs, thiopental has an approximate arrhythmogenic incidence of 40%. |
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http://www.elephantcare.org/Drugs/thiopent.htm
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| Â | Thiopental Crisis in Japan |
| | Fate of the most fundamental drug in clinical anaesthesia is now at risk in Japan. | | | However, it is very ironical if Japan will become the first country in the world to discard thiopental, one of the most valuable and safest anaesthetic drugs. | | | Although we Japanese anaesthetists are quite aware that this is indeed our domestic problem, we need urgent, helpful suggestions and advices from our international colleagues on the Net to combat this "Thiopental Crisis". |
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http://www.csen.com/anesthesia/thiopental.htm
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| Â | Anesthesia (Feb.2000) |
| | Although sleep inducing doses of diazepam (0.3-0.6 mg/kg) or midazolam (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) may produce unconsciousness in two to three minutes, these drugs have a slower onset of action and a longer post anesthetic recovery period than thiopental. | | | The drug is rapidly diffused into vessel-rich areas such as the brain and unconsciousness ensues within 10-15 seconds. | | | Shortly thereafter, succinylcholine is also administered to produce skeletal muscle relaxation so as to facilitate direct laryngoscopy for intubation of the trachea. |
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http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/Anesthesia-200002/anesthesia-200002.htm
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| Â | Amnesty USA Urgent Action Appeal |
| | The medical utility of thiopental derives from its ultrashort-acting properties: if unanticipated obstacles hinder or prevent successful incubation, patients will quickly regain consciousness and will resume ventilation and respiration on their own. | | | Sodium Thiopental is not used to maintain a patient in a surgical plane of anesthesia for purposes of performing surgical procedures. | | | Once this has been achieved, additional drugs are administered to maintain a "surgical depth" or "surgical plane" of anesthesia ( |
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http://www.castine.net/HeathAffidavit.htm
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| Â | [The appearance of ciprofloxacin resistance in the microbial strains isolated from gynecologic patients] ... |
| | The effect of intravenous ciprofloxacin (CPX) pretreatment on the kinetics and brain sensitivity for thiopental was studied in male rats using a previously developed electroencephalographic (EEG) threshold method. | | | The experimental group (CPX + thiopental treated) had significant higher brain concentrations of CPX than the corresponding only CPX treated control group while no differences were found in the serum concentrations of CPX between the groups. | | | These data suggest that patients with ARF treated by CAVHD/CVVHD should be given ciprofloxacin 200 mg i.v. |
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http://dreampharmaceuticals.com/ref-cipro/cipro-research-abs3.1033.html
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| Â | The Concordance of Early Antipyrine and Thiopental Distribution Kinetics -- Avram et al. 302 (2): 594 -- Journal of ... |
| | The nondistributive flow for ICG was resolved into fast and slow components; antipyrine and thiopental do not have identifiable (i.e., mathematically distinct) second nondistributive peripheral pathways. | | | Ebling WF, Wada DR and Stanski DR (1994) From piecewise to full physiologic pharmacokinetic modeling: applied to thiopental disposition in the rat. | | | Mühlebach S, Wyss PA and Bickel MH (1985) Comparative adipose tissue kinetics of thiopental, DDE and 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in the rat. |
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http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/302/2/594
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| Â | MedlinePlus Drug Information: Anesthetics, General (Systemic) |
| | Thiopental may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. | | | Thiopental also is used to help treat some mental disorders. | | | Thiopental may be used to reduce pressure on the brain in certain conditions. |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/203043.html
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| Â | CJEM JCMU 2001; 3(4) :: State of the Art Innovations |
| | Induction times, most often defined as time to loss of eyelash response, ranged from 17 seconds to 2.2 minutes and were similar for propofol, thiopental, etomidate and methohexital. | | | Sparr and colleagues found that thiopental-rocuronium provided similar intubating conditions to propofol-rocuronium, but that neither combination was as effective as thiopental-succinylcholine unless alfentenil was added. | | | In the studies reviewed, propofol's hypotensive effects were significant and were not overcome by the hypertensive responses related to cardioversion and intubation. |
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http://www.caep.ca/004.cjem-jcmu/004-00.cjem/vol-3.2001/v34-302.htm
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| Â | Pharmacology of General Anesthesia, part II |
| | Explain why intravenous anesthetics could not replace volatile anesthetics to provide surgical anesthesia. | | | To avoid drug precipitation in the IV lines, it must not be coadministered with acidic solutions such as those containing opioids and muscle relaxants. | | | Use thiopental and halothane as examples for each type of anesthetic to present your reasoning. |
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http://www.neurology.northwestern.edu/meded/m2/anesthesia2.htm
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| Â | No effect of age on the dose requirement of thiopental in the rat. |
| | The rat may not be an appropriate model to investigate acute age-related anesthetic effects in humans, because cardiovascular changes with age are dissimilar between species. | | | In a separate group of five young and five old rats, thiopental plasma, brain, heart, and CSF concentrations were measured when five seconds of EEG isoelectricity was achieved: no consistent differences were noted. | | | No effect of age on the dose requirement of thiopental in the rat. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_9193899.html
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| Â | Downie DL, Franks NP, Lieb WR. (2000) |
| | CONCLUSIONS: Both central neuronal and peripheral muscle nAChRs can be substantially inhibited by thiopental at surgical EC50 concentrations but with either no stereoselectivity or one opposite to that for general anesthesia. | | | Peak acetylcholine-activated currents were measured at -70 mV using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique. | | | If so, they might be expected to be substantially inhibited by surgical concentrations (EC50 = 25 micromolar) of thiopental and to display the same stereoselectivity as does general anesthesia. |
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http://www.bio.ph.ic.ac.uk/~nfranks/abs21.html
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| Â | Despotism, Use and Abuse of Power Holology.com |
| | A white sheet was pulled up tightly to his chest as he lay on the gurney. | | | McVeigh received a mixture of sodium thiopental, to sedate him, pancuronium bromide, a muscle relaxant that collapses the diaphragm and lungs; and potassium chloride, which stops the heart. | | | When the first drug was administered, he let out a couple of deep breaths, then a fluttery breath. |
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http://www.holology.com/despotism.html
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| Â | Anaesthesia : propofol, thiopental, sevoflurane, and isoflurane compared |
| | Yet their wider usage in inpatient surgery has been restrained by concerns regarding their acquisition costs and by lack of studies demonstrating improved patient outcome. | | | Part I: propofol, thiopental, sevoflurane, and isoflurane - | | | hen compared with thiopental and isoflurane, propofol and sevoflurane are associated with a faster return to wakefulness after anesthesia. |
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http://general-anaesthesia.com/comparisons.html
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| Â | Diagnosis |
| | When the thiopental reached a level close to the lower therapeutic range, the dyskinesia appeared, very intense in the begining, impossible to be influenced by medication (Tiapridal and Haloperidol). | | | A week later a plastic of dura mater and reposition of bone was done. | | | Julie was transferred to ICU KDDL – the Children clinic to the First Medical Faculty of Charles University, where she was hospitalized from December 20, 2001 till February 16,2002. |
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http://www.zihadla.cz/julinka/text_en.php3
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| Â | [No title] |
| | The drug begins to wear off almost immediately, rendering the person conscious within minutes. | | | Similarly, if the potassium chloride is administered first, the patient will experience the equivalent of a heart attack while fully conscious. | | | In this condition, a person may appear to be sleeping, but in actuality be fully aware of what is happening. |
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http://www.ncadp.org/html/report.htm
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| Â | ChuckIII's College Resources - Miscellaneous - Propofol v/s thiopental - Free Term Papers, Book Reports, Essays, and ... |
| | Smith, I., Ding, Y., & White, P.F. Muscle pain after outpatient laproscopy--influence of Propofol versus thiopental and enflurane. | | | A bolus is the single intravenous administration of a substantial volume of a dose of medication, in this study, Propofol, thiopental, and succinylcholine. | | | Please, Keep them coming and help us grow |
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http://www.chuckiii.com/Reports/Miscellaneous/Propofol_vs_thiopental.shtml
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| Â | Pharmacology and Toxicology of Astrocyte-Neuron Glutamate Transport and Cycling -- Sonnewald et al. 301 (1): 1 -- ... |
| | Rothstein JD, Martin LJ and Kuncl RW (1992) Decreased glutamate transport by the brain and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | | | Peghini P, Janzen J and Stoffel W (1997) Glutamate transporter EAAC-1-deficient mice develop dicarboxylic aminoaciduria and behavioral abnormalities but no neurodegeneration. | | | It has been shown that thiopental inhibits uptake of GABA, aspartate, glutamate, as well as biogenic amines in rat cortical |
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http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/301/1/1
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| Â | pmidreview |
| | The dose of thiopental in an 80kg patient is 320mg (4mg/kg). | | | Enzyme induction has been demonstrated with these drugs (absolutely contraindicated in patients with porphyria). | | | This means that any drug or condition that displaces thiopental from plasma protein (ie, ASA, uremia, cirrhosis) results in increased drugs sensitivity. |
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http://www.nurse-anesthesia.com/pharmacologymidtermreview.htm
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| Â | [No title] |
| | The patient is otherwise healthy and has no known allergies. | | | Can thiopental be used safely as an induction agent in patients with such problems? | | | Using thiopental, you induce a patient who takes phenobarbital for seizures. |
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http://www.anesthesiology.umn.edu/miller/BARBITUR.htm
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| Â | AllRefer.com - barbiturate (Pharmacology) - Encyclopedia |
| | The drugs differ widely in the duration of their action, which depends on the rapidity with which they are distributed in body tissues, degraded, and excreted. | | | Ultrashort-acting barbiturates such as thiopental sodium (Pentothal) are often used as general anesthetics. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/B/barbitur.html
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| Â | Influence of Plasma Dialysate from Normal and Renal Dysfunction Rats on the Electroencephalogram and r-Aminobutyric ... |
| | We have previously reported that brain sensitivity to thiopental with respect to electroencephalogram (EEG) is enhanced in uranyl acetate pretreated renal dysfunction rats. | | | These results showed that the thiopental induced allosteric inhibition of TBOB binding was potentiated by some endogenous compounds in RDD and suggests that this action might be the mechanism, at least in part, for the increased sensitivity of thiopental in renal dysfunction rats. | | | Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. |
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http://bpb.pharm.or.jp/abst/199903/ab22030288.html
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| Â | University of Iowa Anesthesia Publications |
| | All drugs significantly decreased rAE, with similar time courses for thiopental and propofol and a slower onset/longer duration for melatonin. | | | IMPLICATIONS: Anesthetic doses of melatonin produced effects on processed electroencephalographic variables similar to those of thiopental and propofol. | | | In this study, we compared the electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of melatonin with those of thiopental and propofol. |
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http://www.uianesthesia.com/readabstract.asp?PMID=12818973
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| Â | Encyclopedia article on Sodium thiopental [EncycloZine] |
| | As with nearly all anesthetic drugs, thiopental causes cardiovascular and respiratory depression resulting in hypotension, apnea and airway obstruction. | | | Thiopental has no analgesic effects so it is only used as a single agent for brief procedures. | | | In the past it was claimed as a truth drug. |
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http://encyclozine.com/Sodium_thiopental
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| Â | Veselis |
| | Ondansetron alone has no sedative or amnesic effects. | | | The Cp50s for 50% loss of memory for words were midazolam, 56 +/- 4 ng/ml; propofol, 0.62 +/- 0.04 microg/ml; thiopental, 4.5 +/- 0.3 microg/ml; and fentanyl, 3.2 +/- 0.4 ng/ml. | | | Thiopental has mild memory effects whereas fentanyl has none. |
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http://www.sivauk.org/Education/veselis.htm
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| Â | [No title] |
| | A patient taking phenelzine, for major depression, should avoid which substance because a hypotensive crisis can result. | | | This drug is NOT potent enough to produce surgical anesthesia a) Thiopental b) NO c) Halothane d) Tyramine e) Benzodiazepine 62. | | | Produces its effect by blocking Na++ channels a) Phenytoin b) Tiagabine (oral anticonvulsant) c) Haloperidol d) Bupropion e) Thiopental 2. |
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http://www.uagmd.com/quizbank/npharm_199902_text.txt
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| Â | The Science of High Incident: Sodium Pentothal |
| | A yellow water-soluble crystal, it is classified as an ultra-short acting barbiturate, a type of drug that depresses the central nervous system, slowing the heart rate and lowering blood pressure; in other words, it's a sedative. | | | I wondered about the extent of its real-life uses, so I decided to investigate further. | | | First synthesized in 1935, the proper name for the drug is thiopental sodium (or, if you're into organic chemistry, 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid; Sodium Pentothal is actually a trademark of the drug's manufacturer, Abbott Laboratories). |
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http://www.scienceweb.org/tv/highincident.html
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| Â | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "thiopental" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "thiopental" | | | S used in the form of its sodium salt especially as an intravenous anesthetic -- compare |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=thiopental
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| Â | Pentothal Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Thiopental Sodium - RxList Monographs |
| | RxList only refers patients to online pharmacies certified by VIPPS, Verified Internet Pharmacy Practice Sites, a program administered by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy which ensures that member pharmacies offering online prescription services are bona fide, fully licensed, and demonstrate "competent Internet/interstate pharmacy practices." | | | The drug is prepared as a sterile powder and after reconstitution with an appropriate diluent is administered by the intravenous route. | | | The drug is a yellowish, hygroscopic powder, stabilized with anhydrous sodium carbonate as a buffer (60 mg/g of thiopental sodium). |
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http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/thiopental.htm
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| Â | Active Transport of Fentanyl by the Blood-Brain Barrier -- Henthorn et al. 289 (2): 1084 -- Journal of Pharmacology And ... |
| | Roerig DL, Ahlf SB, Dawson CA, Linehan JH and Kampine JP (1994) First pass uptake in the human lung of drugs used during anesthesia (Review). | | | Roerig DL, Kotrly KJ, Vucins EJ, Ahlf SB, Dawson CA and Kampine JP (1987) First pass uptake of fentanyl, meperidine, and morphine in the human lung. | | | Roerig DL, Kotrly KJ, Dawson CA, Ahlf SB, Gualtieri JF and Kampine JP (1989) First-pass uptake of verapamil, diazepam, and thiopental in the human lung. |
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http://www.jpet.org/cgi/content/full/289/2/1084
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