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Topic: Teicoplanin



  
 Patent 4725668: Process for transforming teicoplanin factor A.sub.2 component 1 into teicoplanin factor A.sub.2, ...
As it is appreciated by those skilled in the art, it is very difficult to conduct any selective process on a structurally complex substrate like the present ones in view of the presence of a variety of different functional groups which may be altered at the reaction conditions.
Teicoplanin A.sub.2 factor 1 is a white amorphous powder that upon heating begins to darken at about 220.degree.
Teicoplanin A.sub.2 factor 3 is a white amorphous powder that upon heating begins to decompose at 205.degree.
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4725668.html

  
 Regional Prophylaxis with Teicoplanin in Monolateral or Bilateral Total Knee Replacement: an Open Study -- de Lalla et ...
At present, teicoplanin is not considered a first-choice drug for prophylaxis of joint prosthetic surgery.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: the role of teicoplanin.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in cardiac surgery: serum and tissue levels of teicoplanin, flucloxacillin and tobramycin.
http://aac.asm.org/cgi/content/full/44/2/316

  
 Efficacy of Teicoplanin and Autoradiographic Diffusion Pattern of [14C]Teicoplanin in Experimental Staphylococcus ...
Experience with outpatient intravenous teicoplanin therapy for chronic osteomyelitis.
Moreover, teicoplanin appears to be as effective as vancomycin
Teicoplanin has been shown to penetrate into human
http://aac.asm.org/cgi/content/full/42/11/2830

  
 The WorldWide Intensivist: A brief review of Teicoplanin
The looming spectre of vancomycin (and/or teicoplanin) resistance should encourage us to be careful and not use either drug recklessly.
In several clinical circumstances, empiric treatment with teicoplanin is extremely effective.
Relatively few studies have compared clinical efficacy of vancomycin with that of teicoplanin.
http://www.anaesthetist.com/icu/manage/drugs/infect/teico.htm

  
 Patent 5085990: Teicoplanin-like derivatives
Their respective ratios in the teicoplanin complex can vary according to the fermentation conditions and the precursors added to the fermentation medium as described in the E.P.A. publication No. 204179.
Therefore, the separation and recovery of the new compounds from the fermentation broth of mutant A-184 is much simpler and substantial amounts of the new teicoplanin-like derivatives can be obtained.
In particular, a strain of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus which is characterized with our internal code No. A-184 has proved to be a suitable producer of the above mentioned teicoplanin-like derivatives.
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5085990.html

  
 JPEN: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Efficacy of antibiotic-lock technique with teicoplanin in ...
The finding that the antibiotic-lock technique with teicoplanin is not highly effective in the treatment of catheter-related sepsis related to SE does not support the use of this drug for the antibiotic-lock technique.
Conclusions: In this study, the incidence of catheter-related sepsis was low and mostly related to SE.
Our results do not support the use of the teicoplanin antibiotic-lock technique in SE infections.
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3762/is_200203/ai_n9038478

  
 Leukopenia with neutropenia associated with teicoplanin therapy -- Del Favero et al. 23 (1): 45 -- The Annals of ...
A review of 1500 records of patients treated with teicoplanin alone or in combination with other drugs was also performed.
From these preliminary data the incidence of leukopenia related to teicoplanin seems to be low.
Leukopenia with neutropenia associated with teicoplanin therapy -- Del Favero et al.
http://www.theannals.com/cgi/content/abstract/23/1/45

  
 eMJA: Robertson et al., Vancomycin and teicoplanin use in Victorian hospitals
This study was conducted by the Victorian Drug Usage Evaluation Group, a multidisciplinary group that aims to promote and improve coordination of drug use evaluation activities as a means to improve drug use.
The aim of this study was to examine patterns of prescribing vancomycin and teicoplanin in Victorian hospitals in order to identify potential areas for targeted intervention to improve use of these antibiotics.
It is of critical importance for patient care and resource management that there is a conscious effort to preserve the utility of vancomycin and teicoplanin.
http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/171_3_020899/robertsn/robertsn.html

  
 [No title]
Further experimental and clinical studies are needed to determine the impact of elevated MICs of teicoplanin against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
We selected 7 clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis with MICs of teicoplanin ranging from 0.25 to 32 mg/L. Two ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants (strains 15657 and A1894) were respectively obtained from wild-type strains 7453 and 7318.
We aimed to assess the relation between the MIC and experimental in vivo efficacy of teicoplanin against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/isth2003/abstract.asp?id=37621

  
 Glycopeptide Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus haemolyticus Bloodstream Isolates -- Biavasco et al. 44 (11): ...
Our results suggest that heterogeneous expression of teicoplanin resistance is prevalent among S.
The present study focused on the teicoplanin and vancomycin susceptibility
teicoplanin MICs were within the range of susceptibility expressed
http://aac.asm.org/cgi/content/full/44/11/3122

  
 Uptake of Teicoplanin by Isolated Rat Hepatocytes: Comparison with in Vivo Hepatic Distribution -- Reinoso et al. 29 ...
Regarding the uptake profiles, we interpret the positive intercept on the amount of teicoplanin associated with the hepatocytes
drug distribution in vivo, suggesting that in vivo teicoplanin
of teicoplanin to rats (Bernareggi et al., 1986
http://www.dmd.org/cgi/content/full/29/4/453

  
 Intravenous or intramuscular teicoplanin once daily for skin and soft-tissue infections -- Edelstein et al. 25 (9): 914 ...
In particular, teicoplanin appears to be appropriate for outpatient parenteral therapy.
Persistence of organisms frequently was associated with skin ulcers or abscess cavities and usually had no bearing on clinical outcome.
All teicoplanin iv patients and 64 percent of teicoplanin im patients were cured microbiologically at 24-48 hours posttherapy.
http://www.theannals.com/cgi/content/abstract/25/9/914

  
 Dharma Vira Heart Centre
This study will be conducted on 100 consecutive patients undergoing various open heart surgical procedures in the department of Cardiac Surgery, Dharma Vira Heart Centre, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi.
Apart from the history, physical examination and routine open heart work up, the following investigations will be conducted on all patients specifically before open heart surgery.
The patients having hypersensitivity to Teicoplanin will be excluded.
http://sgrh.com/dept/cardio.htm

  
 Efficacy and security of teicoplanin in the treatment of severe infections..
The tolerance was good, only one patient was taken out of the study due to rash probably related to the studied drug.
The clinical results obtained were: 65% cured, 35% improved, with a bacteriological eradication of 100%.
Efficacy and security of teicoplanin in the treatment of severe infections..
http://www.imbiomed.com/HG/Hgv58n1/english/Zhg51-02.html

  
 Targocid 200mg & 400mg , SPC from the eMC
Teicoplanin does not readily penetrate into the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF).
Repeated evaluation of the patients condition is essential.
Determination of teicoplanin serum concentrations may optimise therapy.
http://emc.medicines.org.uk/emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=9110

  
 [No title]
A first-generation cephalosporin should be continued for non methicillin-resistant staphylococci; vancomycin, clindamycin, or teicoplanin for methicillin-resistant staphylococci; and ampicillin for enterococci and streptococci (Figure 2).
The choice of antibiotics should take into consideration the clinical symptoms of the patient and the concerns in relation to emerging resistance to glycopeptides.
If the patients are receiving a first-generation cephalosporin and the organism is methicillin-resistant, the cephalosporin should be discontinued and therapy with a glycopeptide (e.g., vancomycin or teicoplanin) or clindamycin should be instituted.
http://www.ispd.org/guidelines/articles/pdi206/warady.txt

  
 ICAAC: Linezolid Significantly Better than Teicoplanin in Patients with Bacteraemia
Fifteen of 27 bacteraemia patients taking teicoplanin achieved a clinical success.
The percentage of patients with bacteraemia who achieved clinical success with linezolid exceeded 88 percent compared with 57 percent with teicoplanin.
In the subgroup of patients with bacteraemia, 23 of 26 linezolid patients achieved a successful outcome, and half of those patients were able to go on to oral treatment.
http://www.docguide.com/dg.nsf/PrintPrint/B221FB451AB9EABB85256B270049913F

  
 Teicoplanin deacylation process and product - US Patent 5936074
Separation of the deacyl teicoplanin, and, if desired, purification, are carried out by conventional techniques.
CO which corresponds to a change in mass of -154 amu.
ECB deacylase can also be produced by recombinant techniques; see Appl.
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5936074.html

  
 Teicoplanin induced drug hypersensitivity syndrome -- Perrett and McBride 328 (7451): 1292 -- BMJ
We suggest that teicoplanin be added to the list of drugs associated
clinical features; and, importantly, teicoplanin was not a known
The drug hypersensitivity syndrome: what is the pathogenesis?
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/328/7451/1292

  
 United States Patent Application: 0050080004
Presently, the most interesting glycopeptides are teicoplanin and vancomycin.
Variance in the response (=the total area of the five TA2 components) up to +/-3% was accepted.
A method of treating a microorganism infection in a patient, comprising administering the composition according to claim 16 to a patient.
http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=mathiesen.IN.&OS=IN/mathiesen&RS=IN/mathiesen

  
 Pharmacokinetics of Teicoplanin in Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin (TEIC) in patients undergoing open heart surgery.
Pharmacokinetics of Teicoplanin in Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery
We also attemped to define the optimum TEIC therapy protocol for prevention of perioperative infection and for treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis such as that caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
http://jscvs.umin.ac.jp/eng/journal/vol30-5/226.html

  
 Biosynthetic Studies of the Glycopeptide Teicoplanin by 1H and 13C NMR -- Heydorn et al. 275 (9): 6201 -- Journal of ...
containing teicoplanin was then applied to a hydrophobic interaction
produce teicoplanin under more natural and neutral conditions
teicoplanin, the only agents that effectively treat these infections.
http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/275/9/6201

  
 e-solutions for health - The Health Network Company © 2003
Vancomycin (and sometimes teicoplanin) are the drugs of choice.
Both of these are expensive, toxic (with side effects) and have to be given by intravenous infusion.
http://www.thnc.com/healthguide/article.asp?id=164

  
 ANTIBIOTIKA MONITOR - 6/03 Teicoplanin
Somit kann festgehalten werden, dass Teicoplanin in Kombination mit Linezolid eine interessante Alternative bei der Therapie von schweren MRSA-Infektionen darstellen könnte.
Diese Resultate bestätigen die gute Wirkung von Teicoplanin als Kombinationspartner, das schon allein wegen seiner langen Halbwertszeit eine interessante Alternative zur herkömmlichen Therapie von MRSA-Infektionen darstellt.
Graninger W., Wenisch C., Wiesinger S., Menschik M., Karimi J., Presterl E.: "Experience with outpatient intravenous Teicoplanin therapy for chronic osteomyelitis." Eur.
http://www.antibiotikamonitor.at/6_03/6_03_5.htm

  
 Karger Publishers
Ampicillin, Gentamicin and Teicoplanin as Antimicrobial Therapy for Recurrent Streptococcus agalactiae and Enterococcus faecalis Endocarditis in an Intravenous Drug Abuser with HIV Infection
ampicillin, gentamicin and teicoplanin led to complete clinical and echocardiographical recovery.
http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowAbstract&ProduktNr=223834&Ausgabe=229249&ArtikelNr=71146

  
 Nosocomial meningitis due to Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Review of 8 cases
One patient was treated with vancomycin alone and three with teicoplanin alone.
One patient was treated with vancomycin followed with teicoplanin + meropenem due to tubulo interstitial nephritis.
Although IV vancomycin is the mainstay of therapy, the fact that 5 of these 8 cases were successfully   treated with teicoplanin ( alone or in combination) shows that it may be an alternative treatment option.
http://www.geocities.com/sipahior/mrsameningitis.html

  
 Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci -- Cetinkaya et al. 13 (4): 686 -- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Such mutants can also arise in vivo during therapy ( 186).
and also resulting in resistance to teicoplanin ( 68).
Teicoplanin is another glycopeptide that is active in vitro against most VanB-type enterococci.
http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/content/full/13/4/686

  
 CDC - Emergence of Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus and S. sciuri, Greece
The MIC of the strain for vancomycin was 8 µg/mL and for teicoplanin 16 µg/mL by the agar dilution method, and the result was confirmed by the E-test and the broth microdilution method.
To the Editor: Staphylococcal isolates with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, are a serious public health problem because staphylococci frequently show multidrug resistance, and glycopeptides are the only remaining effective drugs.
The strain was also resistant to tobramycin, macrolides, tetracyclines, rifampicin, and fusidic acid, and had intermediate resistance to vancomycin (MIC 8 µg/mL) and teicoplanin (MIC 16 µg/mL) by all tested methods (agar dilution, broth microdilution, and E-test).
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol8no5/01-0387.htm

  
 eMJA: Ward et al, Treatment failure due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with reduced ...
Our identification of hVISA may be the beginning of a new phase in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Australia, when the glycopeptides vancomycin and teicoplanin will no longer be effective in some cases of MRSA infection.
Instead, attention should be focused on patients in whom glycopeptide therapy is failing, or those at increased risk of MRSA carriage and infection, such as patients undergoing haemodialysis or chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
The glycopeptides, vancomycin and, to a lesser extent, teicoplanin, are the mainstay of therapy for infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),
http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/175_09_051101/ward/ward.html

  
 Clinical Trial: Teicoplanin in Treating Septicemia in Patients Who Are Receiving Chemotherapy Through a Central Venous ...
Official Title: Randomized Study of Teicoplanin for Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Septicemia in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy Through a Central Venous Catheter
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 490-1,360 patients will be accrued for this study within 2.2-6.2 years.
Teicoplanin in Treating Septicemia in Patients Who Are Receiving Chemotherapy Through a Central Venous Catheter
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00024453

  
 TOPICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES NEWSLETTER February 2001: Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococci
The mechanism of resistance is similar for the VanB phenotype, which is associated predominately with E.faecium.
Each has a characteristic pattern of expression and associated teicoplanin susceptibility.
It is inducible by vancomycin only but exposure to vancomycin also leads to teicoplanin resistance.
http://wordnet.com.au/Products/topics_in_infectious_diseases_Feb01.htm

  
 Eurosurveillance Weekly 2000;4 (27): 06/07/2000
A prospective study of the outcome of patients infected with these strains is planned in order to assess their clinical impact.
For over 30 years vancomycin has been considered as the antibiotic of first choice for treatment of infections with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Neither clinical nor epidemiological data allow us to suggest that the virulence of S. aureus with decreased or intermediate susceptibility to teicoplanin or vancomycin differs from that of other MRSA.
http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ew/2000/000706.asp

  
 NEJM -- Staphylococcus aureus Infections
As Dr. Conde suggests, teicoplanin was not mentioned because
are noted, the author does not mention teicoplanin.
Anti-gram-positive agents: what we have and what we would like.
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/339/27/2025

  
 2001 Volume 79 May (5
There is augmenting concern about the increased incidence of Staphylococcus spp strains with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides, as well as Enterococcus spp strains vancomycin resistant (VRE).
They differ in their pharmacokinetics, since teicoplanin may be administered both intravenously and intramuscularly, whereas vancomycin only intravenously, and due to the prolonged serum half-life (Ô½) of teicoplanin, compared to that of vancomycin.
Five phenotypes of VRE strains are reported: VanA with highly elevated minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and teicoplanin is found in isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium and is genetically transferred by the transposon Tn1546; VanB with highly elevated MICs of vancomycin and relatively lower of teicoplanin is found in isolates of Å.
http://www.betamedarts.gr/01-5.htm

  
 Teicoplanin
Welcome to contact us for availability, Certificate of Analysis, Drug Master File (DMF) and FDA approval status.
Patented products available for research and development use as permitted under CFR 35 section 271(e)(1)
Our Teicoplanin bulk pharmaceutical active is produced by cGMP facility.
http://www.haoruiusa.com/API-R/TeicoplaninSupply.htm

  
 Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, hair loss, hair ...
RESULTS: A total of 203 patients (97 treated with linezolid and 106 treated with teicoplanin) were enrolled from these 7 countries.
Linezolid therapy has the potential to reduce the total cost of treatment.
The unadjusted results showed that compared with teicoplanin, patients treated with linezolid had a 3.1-day shorter mean i.v.
http://darwinpharmacy.com/ref-prescription/prescription-research-abs6.259.html

  
 Red-man syndrome after vancomycin: potential cross-reactivity with teicoplanin -- Khurana and de Belder 75 (879): 41 -- ...
between teicoplanin and vancomycin in such patients and that teicoplanin
Vancomycin: report on treatment of patients with severe staphylococcal infections.
the antibiotic to teicoplanin, the patient went on to develop
http://www.postgradmedj.com/cgi/content/full/75/879/41

  
 Basis of the Superiority of Cefoperazone Amphotericin Teicoplanin for Isolating Campylobacter upsaliensis from Stools ...
Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children,
Basis of the Superiority of Cefoperazone Amphotericin Teicoplanin for Isolating Campylobacter upsaliensis from Stools -- Byrne et al.
Basis of the Superiority of Cefoperazone Amphotericin Teicoplanin for Isolating Campylobacter upsaliensis from Stools
http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/39/7/2713

  
 Prevalence, Molecular Epidemiology, and Clinical Significance of Heterogeneous Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus ...
patient was initially treated with teicoplanin for catheter-related
were treated with vancomycin and one who was treated with teicoplanin,
He did not respond favorably to therapy, and cultures
http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/41/11/5147

  
 vancomycin and teicoplanin - General Practice Notebook
The information provided herein should not be used for diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition.
Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® is an independent company owned by the authors which does not receive income from any other organisation or individual.
There are two important differences between vancomycin and teicoplanin;
http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/-865402865.htm

  
 Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) shows that the 'Iberian' clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus has ...
as susceptible to teicoplanin by the broth dilution method.
susceptibility to teicoplanin through at least one MIC method.
Kaatz, G. W., Seo, S. M., Dorman, N. and Lerner, S. Emergence of teicoplanin resistance during therapy of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis.
http://jac.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/50/3/323

  
 31 Performance Evaluation of Three Softwares for Bayesian Predictions of Teicoplanin Pharmacokinetic Parameters: APIS ...
A Bayesian approach was developed to determine the individual pharmacokinetic parameters of teicoplanin from routine clinical data.
The population characteristics obtained in this study can also be used for the adaptive control of the teicoplanin dosage in patients with unstable pharmacokinetic parameters due to the therapeutic (extra-corporal purification in renal failure) or to underlying pathology (obesity, anasarca).
The individual pharmacokinetic parameters of teicoplanin have been evaluated in 13 subjects by the classical maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) according to a three-compartment model.
http://www.page-meeting.org/page/page95/ABSTRACT/node32.html

  
 INOCULUM
Two courses of teicoplanin alone were prescribed, and 4 patients received vancomycin followed by teicoplanin.
All prescriptions of glycopeptide antibiotics during that time were identified by the pharmacy department and the patients' medical and laboratory records were then reviewed.
Vancomycin and teicoplanin are glycopeptide antibiotics effective against most Gram-positive organisms and particularly useful when
http://www.usyd.edu.au/~cidm/page/inoculum/jan00.htm

  
 Health Protection Agency - Infections
Acquired glycopeptide resistance in enterococci is associated with transposons and is often transferable.
aureus have acquired high-level resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin mediated by an enterococcal VanA resistance determinant ( 1, 2).
Dissociated teicoplanin resistance can also occur in S.
http://www.hpa.org.uk/srmd/div_nsi_armrl/rd.htm

  
 Activities of vancomycin and teicoplanin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci in vitro and in vivo and correlation ...
and human sera were 90% for teicoplanin in both and 25 and 35%,
teicoplanin, between 0.1 and 1 mg/kg of body weight for all 10 strains.
Fernandez, A., Cabellos, C., Tubau, F., Maiques, J. M., Domenech, A., Ribes, S., Linares, J., Viladrich, P. F., Gudiol, F. Experimental study of teicoplanin, alone and in combination, in the therapy of cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis.
http://intl-aac.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/41/9/1910

  
 Cancer Control Journal: Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
Teicoplanin is undergoing clinical trials in the United States, but its status for approval by the Food and Drug Administration is unclear.
Pristinamycin is a streptogramin antibiotic aimed at treating Gram-positive infections such as MRSA, and its approval by the Food and Drug Administration also is unclear.[20] Pristinamycin has bactericidal activity by targeting ribosomes and may prove to be of use in VRE infections.
The usefulness of teicoplanin may be limited, since it is targeted at the VanB phenotype that has been shown to acquire teicoplanin resistance.
http://www.moffitt.usf.edu/pubs/ccj/v3n1/dept5.html

  
 Clinical Microbiology and Infection Abstract
Although no significant killing was achieved in our kinetic model for any of the strains, regrowth of S.
Teicoplanin exerted a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect against S.
CFU/mL; (3) studies of the postantibiotic effect (PAE) and the postantibiotic sub-MIC effect (PASME) of teicoplanin; (4) studies of the killing by teicoplanin in an in vitro kinetic model following exposure to simulated human serum pharmacokinetic concentrations (6 mg/kg OD at steady state).
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/abstract.asp?ref=1198-743X&vid=9&iid=9&aid=5&s=&site=1

  
 The Evans Group Homepage - Home
Teicoplanin and vancomycin are the only two representatives of this family that are used clinically for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections and are considered to be the antibiotics of last resort against this pathogen.
Teicoplanin ( 1), isolated in 1978 from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, is a member of a large family of glycopeptide antibiotics which includes vancomycin.
The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to treatment by these glycopeptides, and the challenging structural features of these natural products, have prompted extensive investigations into the total syntheses of both vancomycin and teicoplanin ( 1).
http://daecr1.harvard.edu

  
 Technical guide for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to Glycopeptides
Patients with systemic infections like endocarditis, renal haemodialysis and peritonitis, intensive care patients harbouring MRSA and patients being treated with glycopeptides have increased risk for colonisation or infection with vancomycin intermediate or resistant S. aureus (VISA/VRSA).
The interpretation of a positive result is (i) teicoplanin ³ 12
Since these bacteria are also resistant to teicoplanin they can also be termed glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA).
http://www.earss.rivm.nl/PAGINA/VISAtechnicalguide.htm

  
 [No title]
Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were studied for their ability to develop resistance by two selection methods, one in broth and one on agar.
Comparable results were achieved with the two selection methods.
The MICs for enterococci after exposure to vancomycin ranged from 0.5 mg/L to 4 mg/L, and those after exposure to teicoplanin ranged from 0.25 mg/L to 1 mg/L. No significant increases occurred for E. faecalis, whilst two isolates of E. faecium showed increases of up to eight-fold (from 0.125 mg/L to 1 mg/L).
http://www.mednet.gr/infdis/abs041.htm

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