Sub-Phylum Craniata - Medicow
About us  |  Why use us?  |  Press  |  Contact us

 

Topic: Sub-Phylum Craniata

  
 The Evolution of Humanity
So much is this reversal of the initiating point in the nervous system true that even a paralyzed spine does not now in the kingdom Symbolia prevent an individual from being a major participant in the life of his cultural group, Stephen Hawkins being one of many examples.
Such are some of the pronouncements into which the ideological following of the species of Ape taxonomy can lead even the greatest of our biological field scientists when trying to justify learned cultural beliefs as an evolved instinct in a subspecies of a primate
It is, indeed, from the jaw itself that the extra bone needed to house the human brain was transferred to the head.
http://www.biospheres.com/humanity.html

  
 Talk:Wolf - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
However, my knowlege of the subject is greater than average and I was hoping to be able to help.
I have no desire to step on any toes, so if you feel as though I've intruded on your territory, do what you will.
But they *do* add information - and who are we to decide whether it's "meaningful" or not?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Wolf

  
 Animals And Plants (A-B)
The mouth and anus are at opposite ends of the body.
Amphibia is a class of craniates which during their evolution have only partialy adapted to life on land.
The agnatha are a branch of the sub-phylum craniata group of animals.
http://www.ii.uj.edu.pl/~artur/enc/B1.htm

  
 Talk:Chordate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Given this, I think the best option would be to keep these ranks, but acknowledge the new distinction by treating the hagfish as a subphylum, i.e.
It is hard to tell which of these systems has the most support, but I think it is the second one.
As always, the variant systems should be explained on the relevant pages; the important thing is not to have to do this for every order and family.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Chordate

  
 [No title]
We wish to phyletically study a number of taxa selected from within the Craniata phylum, more precisely we want to resolve the phyletic relationships within the Vertebrata sub-phylum.
Accordingly, we use the myxini taxon, which is craniate but non-vertebrate, as starting outgroup.
http://www.isb-sib.ch/DEA/2001_2002/ProjectStages/Anataxis_dendo.doc

  
 Osteoglossomorpha - encyclopedia article about Osteoglossomorpha. Free access, no registration needed. What does ...
They are traditionally treated as a subclass of the Osteichthyes, or bony fish, but as that group is paraphyletic they may be treated as a full class.
Craniata is a type of Chordata animal group that contains vertebrates (vertebrata) and hagfish (Hyperotreti).
Euteleostomi is a group of vertebrates that contains:
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Osteoglossomorpha

  
 Serebella: Article - Chordate
Cephalochordates have a notochord and a nerve cord but no vertebra and in vertebrates the notochord has been replaced by a bony vertbral column.
They are united by having, at some stage in their life, a hollow dorsal nerve cord (the notochord), pharyngeal slit s, a tail extending past the anus, and bands of muscles that go around the body.
Chordates ( phylum Chordata) include the vertebrate s, together with several closely related invertebrate s.
http://www.serebella.com/encyclopedia/article-Chordate.html

  
 Evolution-101.4 - Chapter 15 - Final Thoughts
There is much else we have to do as well.
member Eucaryota, Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata [ Gnathestomata / Craniata ], Theria, Primates, Anthropoidea, Homindae, Hominoid, Homo sapien sapiens subspecies, Kentuckana subvariety.
http://www.gdg.00freehost.com/Evol101/evol_15.htm

  
 AMPHIOXUS - LoveToKnow Article on AMPHIOXUS
in contrast with the Craniata which comprise all the higher Chordata.
The ordinal name for the genera and species of Amphioxus is Cephalochorda, the term referring to the extension of the primary backbone or notochord to the anterior extremity of the body; the family name is Branchiostomidae.
Classification.On account of the absence of anything in the nature of a skull, Amphioxus has been regarded as the type of a division, Acrania.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AM/AMPHIOXUS.htm

  
 Micscape Book Review
It may seem surprising that some of the major phyla such as those above can undergo extensive revision, but this in part is a reflection of the modern advances in our understanding of the relationships between organisms and their ancestry.
Craniata) which greatly aids an understanding of their structure.
Apparently further studies are required before Cycliophora can be accepted as a phylum, in part to establish Symbion 's relationship with members of existing phyla.
http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artmay98/fiveking.html

  
 Index to Australian Zoologist
Cranial nerves of the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) and comparisons with other Craniata by R.
Best zoological history book: The story of the Flinders Ranges mammals / Best children's educational books: Catch me if you can; Cicada sing song.
http://www.rzsnsw.org.au/AZ-full.htm

  
 ZOOLOGY - LoveToKnow Article on ZOOLOGY
Certain additional small groups should probably be recognized as independent lines of descent or phyla, but their relationships are obscurethey are the Mesozoa, the Polyzoa, the Acanthocephala and the Gastrotricha.
Where a further subdivision is desirable without descending to the next lower term of grouping, the prefix sub is made use of, so that a class may be divided first of all into subclasses each of which is divided into orders, and an order into sub-orders each of which bears a group of families.
The terms used for indicating groups are Phylum for the large diverging branches of the genealogical tree as introduced by Haeckel, each Phylum bears secondary branches which are termed classes, classes again branch or divide into orders, orders into families, falnilies into genera, genera into species.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Z/ZO/ZOOLOGY.htm

  
 [No title]
Nonetheless the position of urochordates in regard of vertebrates is still the purpose to debates and has been supposed by some authors to be a separate phylum from cephalochordates and vertebrates.
As it was the case for the agnathes myxine and hagfish, for which more phylogenetic evidence were given for their controversial monophyly, the positioning of urochordates and cephalochordates in regard of vertebrates is still debated.
Inside the Chordata phylum, the position of species inside the vertebrates is quite unanimously defined.
http://evolution.luminy.univ-mrs.fr/abstract-posterl-2003.html

  
 Animals And Plants (R-Z)
Sub-phylum craniata are the vetebrate group of animals.
Rhizopoda is a class of phylum protozoa which are usually free-living and move and ingest food by means of pseudopodia.
They have a five-rayed symmetry clearly indicated by "arms" which radiate out from the centre of the body.
http://www.ii.uj.edu.pl/~artur/enc/B6.htm

  
 Watershed Connections - Biota - Birds and Mammals
Chordate bodies consist of a body wall which encases the gut.
Continue to make subdivisions until each organism is in a category by itself.
All members of phylum chordata possess certain features at some time in their life cycle, like a dorsal supporting rod called the notochord, pharyngeal apertures (gill slits), and a dorsal nerve cord running along the back.
http://outreach.ecology.uga.edu/watershed/birds.html

  
 Red
However, they do have a cranium (skull), and so a new group has been named, the Craniata, to include those chordates that have a cranium.
It used to be thought that hagfish were vertebrates, but in fact these "fish" have no backbone at all.
My animal is part of the amphibians class which is part of the vertabrates division which is part of the Chordates phylum.
http://www2.fultonschools.org/school/northwestern/student_files/JohnsonJulie%20Class/Michael%20S.%20Williams/index.htm

  
 Marine Life: Naming
It is the combination of the last two (most specific) subgroups (taxa) that makes up the 'scientific name.' Additional groupings can be made by having these taxa with a sub (lower than) or super (greater than) prefix - so three times as many groupings can be added but this is usually not necessary.
The broadest group (most inclusive) is called a kingdom.
Below is a short list of the most common marine critters (found in almost all the oceans) and their common names.
http://www.biosbcc.net/ocean/marinesci/03ecology/mlnames.htm

  
 Tunicata_notes
This would, given the example of other 'phyla', justify the usage of the phylum category for all !
For instance, do you know any cephalochordates or vertebrates that survive
And since NOTHING would change when giving phylum instead of subphylum rank to the chordate 'clades' I suggest to go with the traditional view, unless we want to unify the procedure of designation of higher ranks.
http://glaucus.org.uk/Tunicata_notes.htm

  
 Chordates
In addition to that physical condition, we have some strange relatives, and all of us are lumped together into a phylum called Chordata.
This early record is of relatively unimpressive organisms (when compared with, say, Dinosaurs and such).
Graptolites (Phylum Hemichordata) are extinct (right photo), but appear to have been related to modern pterobranchs.
http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~rhmiller/chordates1/Chordates1.htm

  
 Palaeos Systematics: The Linnean System
As these animals are quite distinct from other members of the phylum Brachiopoda they were given their own superfamily Cranioidea.
Many other examples can be given, such as classes of micro-organisms (Protista) raised to kingdom and superkingdom rank!
But then in a more recent classification they have been raised to the rank of class, the Craniata (containing the Craniida and two other orders, the Craniopsida and Trimerellida) and even a sub-phylum Craniiformea.
http://www.palaeos.com/Systematics/Linnean/Linnean.htm

  
 Community And Ecosystem Ecology
Comb jellies are similar to members of Phylum Cnidaria in many ways: radial symmetry, tentacles with special organelles, and two tissue layers.
One main difference between cnidarians and ctenophores is that ctenophores lack cnidocytes (nematocysts) and possess (adhesive organelles) on 2 feeding tentacles.
(1) ( The sponges and 1 other minor phylum); No True Tissues
http://webusers.xula.edu/maschlue/BIOL2000notes4.htm

  
 Lecture 8
Urochordata.-sister group to Craniata (hagfishes + vertebrates) + Cephalochordata ( Branchiostoma)
Early speculation that Conodonts formed their own phylum
Known from fossilized teeth that date back 600 mya to 200 mya
http://biology.unm.edu/Biology/fishes/people/lectures/lecture8.htm

  
 The Probert Encyclopaedia - Animals And Plants (F-G)
Flatworm is a common name for phylum platyhelminthes.
The mouth is bounded by jaws which are formed from the mandibular visceral arch.
Gnathostomata is a branch of the sub-phylum craniata group of animals.
http://www.davidpye.com/probert/B4.HTM

  
 Untitled Document
o Vertebrates are a (major) sub-group within the phylum Chordata - here the pharynx becomes a feeding device (with slits)
http://www.personal.dundee.ac.uk/~amjones/dundee/marine4.htm

  
 [No title]
As you can see, the Vertebrata donít really have a taxonomic level in the Linnaean system, but they are defined cladistically as "craniates with backbones" (basically, chordates are animals with notochords, an internal supporting rod; and craniates are those chordates with skulls).
In addition, there may be super- or sub- classes, orders, and families (divisions in the case of plants), because Life is complicated!
The genus (plural, genera) and species names are always either italicized or underlined.
http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/edu/dees/courses/v1001/lab_02.html

  
 JREF Forums - Question for Biologists
Or when does a sub-kingdom become a new phylum?
You can see the sub-classifications below and the source of my question (I have emphasized the corralations between the two lists with bold):
When does a sub-phylum become a new order?
http://www.randi.org/vbulletin/printthread.php?s=8a0c1318ff319ffe9564b62b4cd8725d&threadid=16830&perpage=6

  
 "MAMMALIA" related terms, short phrases and links
Introduction Phylum Chordata: Subphylum Vertebrata: Class Mammalia: Order Chiroptera also known as bats are the only mammal with the ability to fly.
Raccoons are classified in the Phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Mammalia, order Carnivora, family Procyonidae.
Bushbucks are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Mammalia, order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae.
http://www.keywen.com/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Animalia/Chordata/Mammalia/index.htm

  
 Non Molluscan Marine Biology Sites
Museum of Natural History:  “This Kingdom is defined by exclusion: its members which are neither animals, plants, fungi, nor prokaryotes.” A full listing of Phylums is on this page and they are sooooo interesting.
The Robinson Research World of Knowledge: UC Berkeley;  “Included in this phylum are many of the unsegmented worms of the seashore.
About 900 species are known for the Nemertinea (also spelled Nemertina or Nemertini by different authors.
http://www.manandmollusc.net/links_marine.html

  
 (Black)Largemouth Bass
The taxonomy is as follows: phylum: Vertebrata subphylum: Craniata superclass: Gnathostomata series: Pisces class: Teleostomi subclass: Actinopterygii order: Perciformes suborder: Percoidei family: Centratchidae There are two subspecies, first described in about 1949.
Hybrids have been attempted of these two sub species.
The f1 generation is very robust and larger, but these diminish sharply in the f2 generation and beyond.
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/bio99/bio99488.htm

  
 Annual Meeting, abstracts 2003
A new, multidisciplinary reinvestigation of the genus has emphasized its strophic, concavoconvex shape, a fibrous, endopunctate shell structure, cyrtomatodont dentition together with the development of a brachidium and median septum.
Not surprisingly Tropidoleptus has been variously linked to the orthides, strophomenides and terebratulides and despite much active research on the phylum, related to the revised Treatise, its systematic position remains in doubt.
Heliomedusa was most recently assigned provisionally to the craniopsid group of brachiopods (Subphylum Craniiformea, Class Craniata, Order Craniopsida).
http://www.palass.org/pages/annual2003/abstracts2003.html

  
 Re: Question Evolution Biology; shrewed phylogenies
Amniotes are a subgroup of fish, along with many other groups within fish (here considered to be a common equivalent of Craniata).
What it doesn't imply is that any of the terminal taxa (whether species, family, or phylum) is ancestral to any of the others.
It implies the existence of ancestors, and by optimizing characters we can estimate what the ancestors were like.
http://www.usenet.com/newsgroups/talk.origins/msg17930.html

  
 "Early Cambria -- Information of Lower Cambrian and Older Faunas - v0.01"
Amiskiwa is thought to have been a swimming animal trapped inadvertently in the turbide flows that formed the Burgess Shale deposits.
Morris-1977 regards it as being the single known species in an otherwise unknown phylum.
Some workers held out for it being an nemertean.
http://bio.cc/Scientists/Dan_Bolser/EARLYCAM.HTM

  
 "PASSERIFORMES" related terms, short phrases and links
Nuthatches are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Passeriformes, family Sittidae.
Warblers are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Passeriformes, families Parulidae and Sylviidae.
Bulbuls are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Passeriformes, family Pycnonotidae.
http://www.keywen.com/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Animalia/Chordata/Aves/Passeriformes/index.htm

  
 1407 Objectives
List the following major phyla of animals described in Campbell, and refer to this list when referring to the other objectives for this unit.
Be able to name the kingdom and phylum or division of the protists listed above, and describe each group with respect to the following, as appropriate:
the evolutionary relationship of the phylum to the other phyla
http://www2.austin.cc.tx.us/muzos/1407-Objectives.htm

  
 AOL Search: Main > Science > Biology > Flora and Fauna > Animalia > Chordata
Overview of the taxonomy of Phylum Chordata, which includes the well-known vertebrates (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals), hagfishes, tunicates, and lancelets.
http://buscador.aol.com/aol/browse?id=48604&source=

  
 Raw content of Bio::Taxonomy::Tree.
Returns : Bio::Taxonomy::Taxon object Args : none =cut sub get_root_node{ my ($self) = @_; return $self->{'_rootnode'}; } =head2 set_root_node Title : set_root_node Usage : $tree->set_root_node($node) Function: Set the Root Node for the Tree Returns : Bio::Taxonomy::Taxon Args : Bio::Taxonomy::Taxon =cut sub set_root_node{ my ($self,$value) = @_; if( defined $value) { if( !
Internal methods are usually preceded with a _ =cut # Code begins...
http://www.ensembl.org/Docs/Pdoc/bioperl-live/Bio/Taxonomy/Tree_raw.html

  
 Required Taxa - Humans
The major levels of classification are: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/zo150/mozley/humans.html

  
 Shaun Roberts's Homepage
These two classes are in the phylum Chordata, (sub-phylum craniata, of the super class Gnathostomes).
In this essay, the biology of Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous fishes) and Osteichthyes (Bony fishes), are compared and contrasted.
http://users.aber.ac.uk/shr1/

  
 Animalia - Animals (Phylum/Division)
Craniata - Vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibia, fish)
http://212.187.155.84/pass_06june/Subdirectories_for_Search/SpeciesKingdoms/animalia_animals/animalia.htm

  
 Vertebrate
#109: Chordata - Overview of the taxonomy of Phylum Chordata, which includes the well-known vertebrates (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals), hagfishes, tunicates, and lancelets.
http://omniknow.com/essays/Vertebrata.html

  
 ANIMAL BYTES - Commerson's Dolphin
There are two populations of Commerson's dolphins; the population off the coast of southern South America and another population found around the Kerguelen Islands, which is considered a distinct subspecies.
Typically found in shallow, coastal waters of the sub Antarctic.
http://www.seaworld.org/animal-info/animal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordates/craniata/mammalia/cetacea/commersons-dolphin.htm

  
 Eltaru Bestiary
World: Earth; Superkingdom: Eukaryota; (?: Metazoa); Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; (?: Craniata); Subphylum: Vertebrata; (?: Euteleostomi); Class: Mammalia; Subclass: placentals (Eutheria); Order: Primates; Suborder: Catarrhini; (Infraorder: ?;) Superfamily: Homonoidea; Family: Homonidae; Homo sapiens sapiens.
World: Eltaru; Superkingdom: Eukaryota; Kingdom: Animalia; Phylum: Chordata; Subphylum: Vertebrata;
http://www.table76.demon.co.uk/Eltaru/bestiary.html

  
 Pan paniscus
: ORGANISM Pan paniscus Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Primates; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Pan.
http://specieslist.com/endangered/scientific_name/P/Pan_paniscus.shtml

About us   |  Why use us?   |  Press   |  Contact us

Copyright © 2006 Medicow.com Usage implies agreement with terms.