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| | Stimulus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | In physiology, a stimulus is something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response. | | | In psychology, anything effectively impinging upon any of the sensory apparatuses of a living organism, including physical phenomena both internal and external to the body. | | | In most contexts, a stimulus can be described as "stimulating", thereby causing "stimulation" or "over-stimulation". |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulus
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| | Physiology of laughter and tickling |
| | The physiology of tickling is actually a restatement at the physiological level of the present theory of humor. | | | Stearns (1972) discusses the physiology of laughter and tickling; a few of his points are summarized here. | | | It represents V, a violation of moral principle, reduced to the level of a physiological response to a physical stimulus. |
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http://www.tomveatch.com/else/humor/paper/node33.html
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| | Physiogrip Lab (Dr. Ross's Biol 217 Human Anatomy and Physiology) |
| | When the stimulus frequency was increased further so that the muscle fiber could not even begin to relax, fused (complete tetanus) was observed. | | | As you increase the frequency of stimulus; the individual responses (waves) of the muscle begin to fuse and later merge to show a continuous line indicating tetanic contraction of the muscle. | | | Note that in experiment 2 the stimulus frequency was increased until the muscle fibers no longer had time to completely relax. |
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http://www.cbu.edu/~aross/AP-I/Physiogrip_lab.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | The modest relationship between behavioral choice and the discharge of any one neuron, and the prevalence of the relationship across the population, make it likely that signals from many neurons are pooled to form the data on which behavioral choices are based. | | | The degree and time course of the stimulus discrimination process observed in no-go trials was not different from that observed in go trials. | | | Twelve of these neurons had a phasic response associated with the presentation of the visual stimulus. |
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http://dbpubs.stanford.edu:8091/~testbed/interbib/bibliographies/mt-1.ref
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| | PAVLOV |
| | An example of this was the salivation of the dog in response to the light, this is the conditioned response. | | | When the conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired over and over again with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS), it eventually elicits a response, equivalent to an unconditioned response (UCR), that is now a conditioned response (CR). | | | After a couple of pairings the conditioned stimulus alone does not usually lead to a conditioned response. |
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http://evolution.massey.ac.nz/assign2/HBrown/pavlov.html
(716 words)
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| | Webvision:The Electroretogram: ERG |
| | The amplitude of the a-wave is measured from a baseline that is monitored prior to the light stimulus, to the trough of the negative wave. | | | A light stimulus elicits an extracellular current (source I) that divide into two pathways; one flowing through the retina (local pathway, IA in Fig. | | | The ERG originates from extracellular currents that are generated in response to a light stimulus. |
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http://webvision.med.utah.edu/ERG.html
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| | Igor, Fetch the Electrodes: Electrical measurements of vision |
| | Because the brain is full of neurones all responding to things other than vision the visual response from any single stimulus presentation will be buried in electrical noise from the rest of the brain. | | | There is one more major method to study visual physiology which we will now briefly examine. | | | This means that the test is very good for assessing foveal visual function and pattern vision. |
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http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/lifesci/optometry/resources/modules/stage1/pvp1/Electro.html
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| | eurca review: Nerve Physiology |
| | If the aim is to learn the principles of nerve physiology, the program can provide a complete replacement for all important experiments on the frog sciatic nerve preparation. | | | If the aim is to learn the principles of nerve physiology, 'Nerve Physiology' can provide a complete replacement for all important experiments on the frog sciatic nerve preparation. | | | Simulations of CNAP's, which are all derived from real experimental data and therefore look very realistic, are presented in a form comparable to that of a storage oscilloscope and students take measurements directly from the monitor in much the same way as they would if they were performing the experiment for real. |
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http://www.eurca.org/rev_full.asp?EdID=4100
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| | Effects of exercise pressor reflex activation on carotid baroreflex function during exercise in humans -- Gallagher et ... |
| | Collectively, this relocation upward on the response arm and rightward to higher operating pressures of the CSP-MAP stimulus- response curve suggests resetting of the CBR during control dynamic exercise which was further augmented by the MAS condition (activation of the exercise pressor reflex) (Fig. | | | The major new finding from this study was that activation of skeletal muscle receptors (exercise pressor reflex) by medical anti-shock trousers during both static and dynamic exercise reset the carotid-vasomotor stimulus-response curve upward on the response arm and rightward to a higher operating pressure. | | | Sensitivity of the carotid-vasomotor and carotid-cardiac stimulus-response curves was unaltered by exercise pressor reflex activation. |
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http://jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/full/533/3/871
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| | A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Ivan Pavlov |
| | Pavlov was much more interested in physiology than psychology. | | | But he did think that conditioned reflexes could explain the behavior of psychotic people. | | | sound of the metronome with the food, for example) "conditioning." He also found that the conditioned reflex will be repressed if the stimulus proves "wrong" too often. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bhpavl.html
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| | INTEGRITY/CEPTUALINSTITUTE - Cabanac92 (Others) |
| | It is possible from verbal reports to dissociate pleasure from behavior and to show thus that the seeking of sensory pleasure and the avoidance of sensory displeasure lead to behaviors with beneficial homeostatic consequences. | | | For the first group, a stimulus associated with a context acquires a meaning (Titchener, 1909) and, to make perception still more complex, an adequate behavioral response to a stimulus carries a meaning and may modify perception (Tolman 1918). | | | These definitions are still accepted nowadays: Levine and Shefner (1981) define clearly sensation as "the process of detecting a stimulus (or some aspect of it) in the environment", and perception as "the way in which we interpret the information gathered (and processed) by the senses". |
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http://ceptualinstitute.com/genre/cab92work.htm
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| | Pavlov |
| | The formation of the stimulus — response requires a number of pairings of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. | | | This can be done by presenting the conditioned stimulus repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus. | | | He was using dogs in his study and noticed that some dogs salivated before they were fed, this was limited to dogs who had been in the laboratory for some time. |
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http://evolution.massey.ac.nz/assign2/JT/Pavlov.html
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| | eMedicine - Cochlear Function, General : Article by Michael J Ruckenstein, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSC |
| | The focus of this article is applied physiology of the inner ear, emphasizing the processes involved in transduction and the homeostatic mechanisms necessary for maintaining the inner ear in a functional state. | | | Which of these 2 mechanisms predominantly affects stereocilia amplification in humans is not presently known. | | | The basilar membrane behaves as a finely tuned band-pass filter, with each location along its length responding to a specific or characteristic frequency. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic361.htm
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| | Sensory Physiology |
| | The simplest neural pathway between a stimulus and a response is a reflex arc. | | | Reflex arc example: the muscle spindle stretch reflex. | | | • Acuity: the ability to pinpoint the precise location of the stimulus. |
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http://eee.uci.edu/clients/dgromis/muscles/sensoryphysiology.htm
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| | The induction of c-fos and c-jun in the stretched latissimus dorsi muscle of the rabbit: responses to duration, degree ... |
| | The mRNA levels of the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-jun were measured in the rabbit latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle in response to the application of various stretch regimes in vivo. | | | The induction of c-fos and c-jun in the stretched latissimus dorsi muscle of the rabbit: responses to duration, degree and re-application of the stretch stimulus -- Dawes et al. | | | The induction of c-fos and c-jun in the stretched latissimus dorsi muscle of the rabbit: responses to duration, degree and re-application of the stretch stimulus |
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http://ep.physoc.org/cgi/content/abstract/81/3/329
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| | Price List |
| | TMP Temperature Precision skin / body Physiology Coupler 890.00 | | | TGWN Auditory Stimulator (Tone and Noise) Stimulus Coupler 660.00 | | | SHK1 Electrical Stimulation (Pain) Stimulus Coupler 1295.00 |
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http://www.psylab.com/html/default_priceli1.htm
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| | :: Physiology and Pharmacology :: |
| | It may directly be related to the resynchronization of alpha being replaced by faster rhythms but the nature of EEG changes in clinical pain states is very difficult to relate perceptual, emotional or cognitive processes linked to pain itself. | | | Profound physiological changes often accompany the experience of pain, especially if the injury or noxious stimulus is acute (40). | | | Further analysis by Chen et al (42) on the consistency and reliability of the pain-related sources revealed that too pain related components are consistently found a negatively at 145 msecs and a positivity at 225 msecs. |
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http://www.ijpp.com/vol46_4/vol46_no4_reviewartical.htm
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| | Webvision: Ganglion cell Physiology |
| | Kuffler (1953) noted a particularly abrupt change in form, from onset excitation for stimulation in the center of the field to offset excitation for stimulation in the receptive field periphery. | | | He used 'spot mapping' to define such fields, a technique still widely employed. | | | 9B) no such stimulus position can be found. |
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http://webvision.med.utah.edu/GCPHYS1.HTM
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| | callosal agenesis 2002a |
| | Listeners had to report the apparent stimulus location by pointing to its perceived position on a graduated perimeter. |
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http://www.indiana.edu/~pietsch/acc2002a.html
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| | Lecture Notes-29 |
| | If a stimulus is maintained at a constant intensity for a long time the nerve seems to lose interest in it- the nerve has adapted and become less sensitive | | | Presumably, if you were able to cut the auditory and optic nerves and reattach them to the wrong stumps, you should be able to hear the lightning and see the thunder | | | This allows us to tune out background noise, to ignore the touch sensation from our clothing, to lose awareness of the temperature of the room, etc.. |
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http://members.aol.com/Bio50/LecNotes/lecnot29.html
(954 words)
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| | Physiology Of Pain on Almondnet |
| | Read about human anatomy and physiology in the free online encyclopedia and dictionary. | | | At eBay you can find practically anything, even human anatomy and physiology. |
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http://www.ncpm.co.uk/popmusic/physiology_of_pain.html
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| | The Physiology of Perception |
| | Yet investigations are only now beginning to suggest how the brain moves beyond the mere extraction of features-how it combines sensory messages with past experience and with expectation to identify both the stimulus and its particular meaning to the individual. | | | Our investigations begin to suggest answers to both problems. | | | Bulbar functioning is self-organized, very much controlled by internal factors, including the sensitivity of the neurons to input. |
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http://sulcus.berkeley.edu/FLM/MS/Physio.Percept.html
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| | Sensory function |
| | Somatic (Body) Sensations - respond to mechanical stimulation of the skin or hairs (inner ear), rotation or bending of joints, temp. | | | finite numbers of ionic channels which can respond : when all respond --- increased stimulus but no increased response | | | a stimulus about to cause tissue damage will elicit a sensation of pain |
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http://www.elon.edu/shouse/physiology/physiol41/Lecture32.html
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| | stimulus - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about stimulus |
| | So I forced myself from my lethargy of despair and grief; and this thought, the sweetest thought of all my life, may or may not have been my unrealized stimulus ere now; it was in very deed my most conscious and perpetual spur henceforth until the end. | | | Sometimes the receptors are found in an organ which is so specialized for this purpose it is called a sense organ – for example the eye. | | | The consummating death I show unto you, which becometh a stimulus and promise to the living. |
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http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/stimulus
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| | Physiology |
| | Ethanol works in many negative ways with human physiology causing temporary and permanent damage. | | | It is not because alcohol does not have an adverse effect on the lush's physiology, but the degree of impairment is lessened. | | | Every person's body has similar reactions to alcohol, it is just a matter of degree. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/journal/urockdrinks/physiology.htm
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| | Psychology Faculty - Scott R. Robinson |
| | Robinson, S.R., and Smotherman, W. Stimulus contingencies that permit classical conditioning of opioid activity in the rat fetus. | | | Brumley, M., and Robinson, S.R. Effects of chemosensory stimulus parameters on the facial wiping response of the rat fetus. | | | Smotherman, W. P., Robinson, S.R., Hepper, P. G., Ronca, A. E., and Alberts, J. Heart rate response of the rat fetus and neonate to a chemosensory stimulus. |
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http://www.psychology.uiowa.edu/faculty/Robinson/Pubs.html
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| | Dental Physiology 115 – Sensory Neurophysiology |
| | Mechanical nociceptors respond to painful tactile stimulus such as a pinch or pinprick, rather than just touch. | | | Adequate stimulus: the particular form of energy to which a receptor is most sensitive. | | | Each stimulus in the environment must be converted to a signal in the brain, the process of conversion is called sensory transduction. |
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http://instruct.uwo.ca/dentistry/115/Dents115-Leung.html
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| | Coulbourn Instruments |
| | For those applications involving physiological data acquisition and associated stimulus presentation and experiment control, Coulbourn offers the LabLinc V modular instrument series. | | | The Habitest system of modular arenas which may be equipped with response sensors, auditory and visual stimulus delivery modules as well as a variety of liquid and dry feeders is widely recognized as the best in class. | | | Paired with Graphic State Notation software for process control and data acquisition, the available turnkey systems have greatly streamlined the process of creating a functional laboratory. |
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http://www.coulbourn.com
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| | Human Physiology Chapter Summary |
| | Sensory receptors may be categorized on the basis of their structure, the stimulus energy they transduce, or the nature of their response. | | | Stimulation of the sensory nerve from a receptor by any means is interpreted in the brain as the adequate stimulus modality of that receptor. | | | Receptors may be dendritic nerve endings, specialized neurons, or specialized epithelial cells associated with sensory nerve endings. |
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0070272352/student_view0/chapter10/chapter_summary.html
(2685 words)
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| | stimulus - OneLook Dictionary Search |
| | Phrases that include stimulus: conditioned stimulus, aversive stimulus, discriminative stimulus, reinforcing stimulus, stimulus generalization, more... | | | Words similar to stimulus: input, stimulant, stimulation, stimuli, goad, incentive, spur, more... | | | stimulus : The On-line Medical Dictionary [home, info] |
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http://www.onelook.com/?w=stimulus&ls=a
(261 words)
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| | biology - Category:Physiology |
| | Physiology is the branch of science that describes mechanisms and functions in organisms. | | | Have a Question or Comment on this Article? |
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http://www.biologydaily.com/biology/Category:Physiology
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| | Stimulus modality - Enpsychlopedia |
| | Stimulus modality also sensory modality is one aspect of a stimulus. | | | The type of sensory receptor activated by a stimulus plays the primary role in coding the stimulus modality. |
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http://www.grohol.com/psypsych/Sensory_modality
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| | World War 1 and 2 - Stimulus modality |
| | Stimulus modality is one aspect of a stimulus. | | | World War 1 and 2 - Stimulus modality |
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http://www.worldwardiary.com/history/Stimulus_modality
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| | Sensory Physiology |
| | - ability of receptor to absorb energy of a stimulus | | | while a variable intensity stimulus of shorter durations is perceived |
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http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/neuro/senses.htm
(299 words)
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