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| | Preservation Of Stapedius Tendon In Otosclerosis |
 | | Does it make sense to preserve the stapedial muscle during surgical treatment of otosclerosis. | | | The authors conclude that since the patients with preserved stapedius tendon had a higher noise discomfort threshold, it is necessary to preserve the stapedius tendon while performing stapedectomy. | | | Group A (34 patients) had their stapedius tendon preserved, the stapedial superstructure along with the tendon being transpositioned onto the longer arm of the incus and secured with a wire loop whilst Group B (33 patients) underwent standard technique surgery with the stapedius tendon cut. |
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http://www.indegene.com/Ent/Jour/indJour_JLO_Sum_01-12-2000_2.asp
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| | Sitting under the piano |
| | The stapedius reflex is really designed to protect us from the noises we are likely to encounter as a result of our own movements, and it is activated before any sound is produced. | | | Furthermore, the stapedius reflex is too slow to be of any use when we experience sudden bursts of sound (e.g. | | | Yes, the stapedius reflex attenuates sound by about 20 dB, hardly enough to really matter when one is subjected to continual intense sound. |
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http://www.ptg.org/pipermail/pianotech/2002-December/123544.html
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| | Untitled Document |
| | Typical reflex latencies in noral subjects are 107 msec, ranging from 40-180(Bosatra and Russolo, 1976). | | | Acoustic reflexes measure the stapedius and tensor tympani reflex generated eardrum movement in response to intense sound. | | | Abnormalities of the stapedius reflex in patients with vertigo. |
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http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/testing/acoustic_reflexes.htm
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| | Pro Otology |
| | Conclusions: Our findings, which indicated abnormalities of stapedius reflex responses in patients with vestibular neuronitis, may support that stapedius reflex arch or its medullary connections could be affected by vestibular neuronitis. | | | Pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, stapedius reflex responses were also studied in the control group. | | | Our study has supported that stapedius reflex arch or its medullary connections could be affected by vestibular neuronitis. |
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http://prootology.domino.bg/2003v3n23/102.php
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| | KaleiDAAsound - information |
| | A second explanation is that the tensor tympani muscle and the stapedius muscle are no longer working together to form the acoustic reflex. | | | The tensor tympani muscle and the stapedius muscle are responsible for providing the proper tension to the ossicles. | | | In order to understand the theories, it is important to review some basic anatomy. |
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http://www.kaleidaasound.com/theories.htm
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| | Ear Research Publication Summaries |
| | Abstract: Our goal was to investigate the postoperative differences in hearing between patients who had their stapedius tendon sacrificed and those whose stapedius tendon was preserved during laser stapes surgery for otosclerosis. | | | We conclude that the stapedius tendon should be preserved whenever possible during stapes surgery, provided that it does not jeopardize the exposure or outcome. | | | All groups had overall successful results demonstrating that stapedial tendon preservation is technically possible and does not compromise outcomes. |
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http://www.silversteininstitute.com/summaries.html
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| | Stapedius Muscle Spasm Etiology |
| | Obviously, if Stapedius Muscle Spasm Etiology is important to you, so you should have access to as much information as possible on the subject. | | | Educational, business-related, recreational, etc. But, when we use the information for research, we have to be even more sure the information is reliable. | | | Remember, even when you locate what you need, there might be another source of information available that is better so you should check out several resources before deciding which is right for you. |
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http://www.1webresources.com/siteindex/cincinnati-chiropractor/stapedius-muscle-spasm-etiology.htm
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| | Welcome to the Hyperacusis Network |
| | I've been doing some more research on the stapedius, and apparently it is the only muscle in the human body that never rests. | | | Of course, people with hyperacusis experience pain a lot sooner, which suggests there may be a problem with the stapedius muscle. | | | I firmly believe the vocalization technique I mentioned earlier works, at least for me. There's no doubt that singing, humming etc. stimulates the stapedius, and that high frequency saturation is a balm to the ears. |
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http://www.hyperacusis.net/boards/read.php?f=1&i=6164&t=6164
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| | [No title] |
| | This report reviews our technique of stapedius tendon preservation in both mechanical and laser stapes procedures. | | | Demonstration of our technique of tendon preservation should enhance the myriad technical nuances of stapes surgery. | | | Our institute being a referral centre in an area endemic for otosclerosis, has facilitated a long term study of hearing results with and without tendon preservation. |
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http://www.politzersociety.org/Program/Zurich/Abstracts/a15-4.htm
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| | Politzer Meeting Abstract |
| | The stapedial reflex was restored in 73% of the patients examined one year alter surgery. | | | The results of surgery for otosclerosis are particularly satisfactory even without reconstruction of the stapedius tendon. | | | This collagen-containing tissue acts like a natural glue. |
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http://www.politzersociety.org/Program/Wednesday/Belek1/Causse.htm
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| | Clinical Case - Parotid Gland & Face |
| | So, the "nerve to the stapedius" is affected. | | | Facial pain or lack of sensation implies that which nerve is affected? | | | This happens because the stapedius (a muscle of the middle ear) is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve. |
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http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/head/face_case.html
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| | STAPEDIUS (Search FastHealth.com) STAPEDIUS |
| | n, pl -dii : a small muscle of the middle ear that arises from the wall of the tympanum, is inserted into the neck of the stapes by a tendon that sometimes contains a slender spine of bone, and serves to check and dampen vibration of the stapes - called also stapedius muscle. |
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http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/s/stapedius.php
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| | Biggest,, smallest, longest, strongest muscles - Suite101.com |
| | The smallest skeletal muscle in the body, is quoted by many as - the stapedius, attached to the smallest bone in the body, the stapes. | | | This muscle helps to move the bones in middle ear forming the delicate hearing apparatus, when we expect a big bang (like of a fire cracker about to burst) and helps protect our sensitive inner ear. | | | It also helps in forced expiration in violent breathing movements, as in coughing and sneezing. |
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http://209.52.189.2/article.cfm/9661/98881
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| | The Egyptian Society of Otorhinolaryngology |
| | During surgery for otosclerosis, it is common for the surgeon to cut the stapedius tendon. | | | The results of this study indicated that the technique of reconstruction of the stapedius tendon was clinically applicable. | | | The study group consisted of 39 patients who had undergone stapes surgery [21 patients had stapedotomy with reconstruction of the stapedius tendon (STR) and 18 patients had stapedotomy with section of the stapedius tendon (STS)]. |
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http://www.egyorlsoc.com/journ/v17-2/1.htm
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| | eMedicine - Impedance Audiometry : Article by Kathleen CM Campbell, PhD |
| | This test cannot be used to directly assess auditory sensitivity, although results are interpreted in conjunction with other threshold measures. | | | Thresholds vary according to individual hearing sensitivity and retrocochlear function. | | | Consider the softest sound that elicits a reflex contraction of the stapedius muscle as the acoustic reflex threshold. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic374.htm
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| | Bell's Palsy |
| | Hearing may be affected due to involvement of the stapedius reflex. | | | On recovery the face may show evidence of misrouting of nerve fibers (see section on prognosis). | | | Sounds may appear louder on the affected side (hyperacusis) -- this may be caused by paralysis of the stapedius muscle but also occurs independantly. |
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http://www.neuro.nwu.edu/meded/CRANIAL/bells.html
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| | Untitled Document |
| | Clement RS and Kipke DR. Investigations of the electrical stapedius reflex properties using stapedius muscle electromyogram recordings in the rat. | | | Clement RS, Carter PM, and Kipke DR. Measuring the electrical stapedius reflex with stapedius muscle EMG recordings. | | | In addition to this basic neuroscience research, we are engineering a new technique for objectively fitting cochlear implants based on stapedius muscle electromyogram recordings. |
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http://bioeng.psu.edu/faculty/Clement.html
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| | Re: Whenever I wish too I can make a 'rumbling noise' in my head.. |
| | One muscle is the tensor tympani and the other is the stapedius, the smallest muscle in our body. | | | Another explanation for these muscle contractions, particularly for the stapedius muscle, is that they automatically allow fine adjustments of the tension of the ear drum to optimize sound transmission. | | | For low level and moderate level sounds, up to about 90 dB sound pressure level, these muscles show no activity. |
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http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/sep99/937369459.Gb.r.html
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| | Tinnitus - Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention |
| | These can help reduce the emotional tension that produces unwanted muscle spasm in the tiny tensor tympani or stapedius muscles within the ear cavity. | | | If stress -induced tinnitus is present, psychological counseling, hypnosis or biofeedback may be beneficial. | | | How can the underlying cause of tinnitus be found? |
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http://www.healthscout.com/ency/1/211/main.html
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| | THE MERCK MANUAL--SECOND HOME EDITION, Ears in Ch. 217, Biology of the Ears, Nose, and Throat |
| | The tensor tympani muscle is attached to the hammer; it helps to tune and protect the ear. | | | The stapedius muscle is attached to the stirrup and oval window; it contracts in response to a loud noise, making the chain of ossicles more rigid so that less sound is transmitted. | | | This response, called the acoustic reflex, helps protect the delicate inner ear from sound damage. |
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http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_home2/sec19/ch217/ch217b.htm
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| | U of T PSY280F Perception: The Ear (Stapedius muscle) |
| | U of T PSY280F Perception: The Ear (Stapedius muscle) | | | The stapedius muscle connects to the stapes (the stirrup), and when it contracts, it reduces the action of the stapes (i.e., it reduces amplification). | | | So, in contracting, and reducing the amplification, the stapedius muscle may protect us against ourselves! |
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http://www.cquest.toronto.edu/psych/psy280f/ch9/protect.html
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| | LIC Audio - Produkter - Audiometrar - Handtymp |
| | The HandTymp is the most functional, capable instrument for tympanometry and stapedius reflex | | | The HandTymp is handheld instrument which records the tympanogram or the stapedius reflex |
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http://www.licaudio.se/eng/produkter/handtymp_svenska.htm
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| | Article : Anatomy of the Facial Nerve in the Temporal Bone - HRCT ; Author : SATISH CHANDRA ; Co-Author(s) : MAYANK ... |
| | Suprastapedial lesions located between the nerve to the stapedius, and the geniculate ganglion, affect facial muscles, taste and the stapedial reflex but have no effect on lacrimation, while infrastapedial lesions above the chorda tympani branch spare the stapedial reflex too. | | | The ill-defined hypodensity in the pyramidal eminence is the stapedius muscle taking its origin. | | | A good knowledge of the anatomy of the facial nerve in the temporal bone helps in proper diagnosis. |
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http://www.ijri.org/articles/archives/19990901/neurorad01.htm
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| | Facial Nerve Paralysis (Mar.1996) |
| | A loud tone is presented to either the ipsilateral or contralateral ear which should evoke a reflex movement of the stapedius muscle. | | | Of these, 7000 myelinated fibers innervate the muscles of facial expression, the stapedius muscle, the postauricular muscles, the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, and the platysma. | | | In order to diagnose and treat the many causes of facial nerve paralysis, it is important that the clinician have a good understanding of the anatomy and function of the facial nerve. |
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http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/face961.htm
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| | eMedicine - Middle Ear Function : Article by Michael J Ruckenstein, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSC |
| | Although the nature of the acoustic middle ear muscle reflex has been well established, the physiologic role of the reflex has remained obscure. | | | Two small muscles are contained within the middle ear, the tensor tympani muscle, which inserts on the malleus, and the stapedius muscle, which inserts on the stapes. | | | Contraction of both muscles is activated primarily by acoustic stimulation; however, other stimuli (eg, tactile stimulation of the auricle, change in head posture, anticipation of speech production) also can activate contraction. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic360.htm
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| | AOS 1998 Abstracts |
| | It is suggested that preserving the stapedius tendon is beneficial and technically possible in stapes surgery. | | | Since there is no treatment and most are happy to obtain a hearing gain, patients learn to live with the symptom of hyperacousis. | | | Questionnaires were sent to both sets of patients to determine how noise affects the patient's operated ear. |
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http://itsa.ucsf.edu/~ajo/Society%20Programs/AOS1998abs.html
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| | MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE HUMAN TEMPORAL BONE |
| | Section 309 - Body of incus; endolymphatic duct. | | | Section 241 - Tendon of stapedius muscle inserting into stapes head; internal carotid artery in carotid canal. | | | Section 361 - Innervation of stapedius muscle by branch of facial nerve. |
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http://oto.wustl.edu/bbears/tb-intro.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Stapedius: This muscle attaches to the neck of the stages. | | | The stapedius muscle arises from this and passes to the neck of the stapes. | | | The nerve supply to this muscle is by way of a small branch of the facial nerve, which, as you will see, passes through a bony canal in the petrous temporal bone just posterior to the stapedius muscle. |
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http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/ear.html
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| | stapedius muscle (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook |
| | The information provided herein should not be used for diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. | | | Stapedius, along with tensor tympani, is a muscle of the middle ear. | | | Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® is an independent company owned by the authors which does not receive income from any other organisation or individual. |
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http://www.gpnotebook.com/cache/409665614.htm
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| | Middle Ear |
| | the tensor tympani which attaches to the malleus and the stapedius which attaches to the stapes. | | | The latter is the smallest bone in the human body being roughly the size of a grain of rice. |
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http://www.sfu.ca/~saunders/l33098/Ear.f/midear.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Paralysis of the stapedius muscle leads to hyperacusis (i.e., abnormal acuteness of hearing). | | | The stapedius muscle ( stm) is innervated by a small branch of the facial nerve ( VIIf) which is given off from the nerve's mastoid segment. |
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http://oto.wustl.edu/bbears/st-ms.htm
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| | ECR 97 Presentation 1182 |
| | The anterior, superior and lateral malleal ligaments and the medial and lateral parts of the posterior incudal ligament were visualized in 68%, 46%, 95%, 26% and 34% of cases respectively. | | | CT studies of the temporal bone, using 1 mm thick sections, performed in 75 normal middle ears, were reviewed by two observers rating the visualization of the structures of interest on a 1 to 5 scale. | | | Although the interobserver agreement is statistically significant for most study parameters, the degree of agreement above that expected by chance is low. |
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http://www.ecr.org/T/ECR97/sciprg/abs/9701182o.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | The stapedius muscle ( stm) lies in the posterior wall of the middle ear space ( ME). | | | The muscle fibers converge into a round tendon ( ts) which passes anteriorly to emerge from the pyramidal eminence ( pe). |
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http://oto.wustl.edu/bbears/ten-st.htm
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| | Bartolomeo Eustachi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Italy, and was a contemporary of Vesalius, with whom he shares the reputation of having created the science of human anatomy. | | | stapedius, and the complicated figure of the cochlea. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustachius
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| | Facial Paralysis |
| | Efferent fibers from the motor nucleus innervate muscles of facial expression, post-auricular, stylohyoid, posterior digastric, and stapedius muscles. | | | Interpretation: When unilateral wetness is reduced by more than 30% of the total amount of both eyes after 5 minutes or when bilateral tearing is reduced to less than 25 mm after a 5-minute period, the Schirmer test is considered clinically significant and implies a lesion at or proximal to the geniculate ganglion. | | | Interpretation: Absence of the reflex is due to a lesion proximal to stapedius nerve (vertical segment of facial nerve). |
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http://www.bcm.edu/oto/studs/face.html
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| | EARNOTES |
| | Three small bones (ear ossicles), the malleus, incus, and stapes, (figure 16.25) and two small muscles, the tensor tympani and stapedius, (figure 16.26) are located within this cavity. | | | The vibrations then pass to the incus and stapes. | | | Contraction of these muscles restricts the vibrations of the tympanic membrane and ear ossicles and decreases the intensity of the sound. |
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http://sciences.aum.edu/bi/bi2110/cadams/earnotes.htm
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| | Encyclopedia4U - Ossicles - Encyclopedia Article |
| | However, the extent of the movements of the ossicles is controlled (and constricted) by certain muscles attached to them (the tensor tympani and the stapedius) in order to protect the inner ear from excessively loud noise. | | | The ossicles give the eardrum mechanical advantage ; the resulting vibrations would be much smaller if the sound waves were transmitted directly from the outer ear to the oval window. |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/o/ossicles.html
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| | Re: finger nails on blackboard (Michael Norris ) |
| | My guess > is that the effect is produced by activation of various myogenic reflex > responses including the stapedius response, the post-auricular response and > responses of other muscles innervated by the facial nerve (and possibly the > trigeminal nerve). | | | It so happens that the tuning curves of stapedius > motorneurons have their best frequencies between 1-2 kHz with a threshold of > about 75 dB in the cat (see Kobler et al. | | | On Mon, 30 Jul 2001, Neil Todd wrote: > So why do sounds with frequencies between 1-2 kHz cause the effect? |
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http://www.auditory.org/postings/2001/623.html
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