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| | The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology |
 | | This regimen may allow physicians to treat these patients as outpatients as soon as their intravenous therapy is completed. | | | In a study done by Navasa et al., oral ofloxacin (100 mg-800 mg/day) was found as effective as intravenous cefotaxime (2-8 g/day) in outpatient treatment of uncomplicated SBP (7). | | | This cost benefit was also noted in our study, where the cost of intravenous cefotaxime was 2.4 times higher than the combined therapy of ofloxacin. |
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http://www.turkgastro.org/text.php?id=311
(1902 words)
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| | eMedicine - Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis : Article by Steven M Bandy, MD, FACEP |
| | Peritoneal fluid analysis must be performed in any patient in whom SBP is considered. | | | In PD patients with a peritoneal catheter, fluid should be withdrawn with sterile technique. | | | Blood culture results are positive for the offending agent in as many as 33% of patients with SBP and may help guide antibiotic therapy. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic882.htm
(2446 words)
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| | Peritonitis |
| | Given that peritonitis can be a life-threatening condition, the physician will first conduct a physical examination to determine whether surgery to correct the underlying problem is necessary. | | | Some researchers suggest that vitamin A supplementation may prove to enhance the effects of antibiotic therapy for peritonitis in humans, but studies with people are needed before a definitive conclusion can be made. | | | Surgery is often necessary for individuals with both primary and secondary peritonitis. |
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http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsConditions/Peritonitiscc.html
(1759 words)
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| | Acute Peritonitis -- eCureMe.com |
| | If the patient is placed on antibiotics and is not improving after 1 to 2 days, the doctor may need to repeat the paracentesis to recheck the fluid. | | | In certain special circumstances (for example those who do peritoneal dialysis), they may need different antibiotics. | | | However, no specific cure for this condition is currently available. |
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http://www.ecureme.com/emyhealth/data/Acute_Peritonitis.asp
(1437 words)
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| | Treatment of Patients with Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension |
| | A repeat paracentesis performed 48 hours after starting therapy is generally necessary to assess the response to therapy and the need to modify antibiotic therapy or to initiate investigations to rule out secondary peritonitis. | | | Perhaps more important, patients randomized to the control group did not receive albumin even if there was evidence of renal dysfunction at baseline or during followup. | | | These studies will better identify subgroups of patients who will benefit from this adjunctive therapy. |
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http://hepatitis.va.gov/vahep?page=tp03-03-02-01
(9032 words)
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| | Article- Paracentesis |
| | Procedure Commonly Includes At the bedside, physician introduces a needle into the peritoneal space of a patient with free ascites, and samples the fluid for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. | | | CT scan or abdominal ultrasound guided needle aspiration is particularly useful in these cases. | | | Normal Findings Ascites fluid is traditionally categorized as either "exudative" or "transudative" based on laboratory analysis. |
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http://www.bellydoc.com/articles/article14.htm
(1730 words)
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| | Paracentesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The procedural is often done in doctors office or an out-patient clinic. | | | The needle is then removed, leaving the plastic sheath behind to allow drainage of the fluid. | | | Paracentesis is a medical procedure used for a number of reasons: |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracentesis
(252 words)
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| | Systematic review of antibiotic therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients ... |
| | Main results: 15 trials were found assessing antibiotic therapy in SBP (8 included) and 9 assessing antibiotic prophylaxis of SBP (6 included). | | | There is good evidence to LEFT the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cirrhosis and gastrointestinal bleeding, in order to reduce the incidence of SBP and of mortality. | | | Antibiotics, particularly cephalosporins and quinolones, are extensively used both as treatment and/or for prophylaxis of SBP in cirrhotic patients. |
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http://www.cochrane.org/colloquia/abstracts/capetown/capetownPC29.html
(408 words)
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| | Best Practice Medicine-Professional Reference - Ascites and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
| | Activation of compensatory pressor systems occurs as a result of the marked vascular dilation caused by portosystemic shunting and possibly by a direct reflex from the portal system to the renal vasculature. | | | If patients fail to respond to these measures, then endoscopically placed internal stents are sometimes used to divert pancreatic secretions into the gut lumen, or the duct may be surgically repaired. | | | Carcinomatosis or peritoneal spread of malignancy is often the cause of ascites in patients with cancer. |
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http://merck.micromedex.com/index.asp?page=bpm_report&article_id=CPM02HP376§ion=report&ss=2
(1334 words)
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| | Case 5 |
| | He wants to know how he can reduce the risk of that condition and what prognosis it carries. | | | Presenting the relevant research in this case may help the patient make a knowledgeable choice. | | | The study indicated that far fewer patients treated with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) had episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis than did subjects who were not so treated (3.3% vs. 26.7%, respectively, with absolute risk reduction of 23.4% and number of patients needed to treat, 4). |
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http://evidence.ahc.umn.edu/case_5.htm
(429 words)
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| | Antibiotics for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotics |
| | This review found no evidence that the effect or safety of one antibiotic is better than the others. | | | Until large, well-conducted, trials provide adequate evidence, treatment must be based on clinical experience. | | | This review provides no clear evidence for the treatment of cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. |
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http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab002232.html
(445 words)
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| | Chapter 14 - Section 12: First Principles of Gastroenterology |
| | Its spectrum includes most organisms responsible for SBP and it is not nephrotoxic in the therapeutic range. | | | The less expensive drug trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be as effective for prophylaxis as norfloxacin. | | | Cefotaxime, a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin, is now recognized as the treatment of choice for SBP. |
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http://gastroresource.com/GITextbook/en/Chapter14/14-12.htm
(1760 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | In our case, the culture was always negative for any bacterial growth, but the PMN count was repeatedly more than 250 cells/mm3 without any evidence of pancreatitis, hemorrhage, peritoneal carcinomatosis or tuberculosis, which classified our patient as CNNA. | | | Llach et al (8) found that the probability of first SBP within 3 years was 24% in patients with an ascitic fluid protein concentration less than 1gm/dl, and 4% in patients with ascitic fluid protein content greater than 1gm/dl. | | | The most reliable predictor of the risk of developing SBP in cirrhotics is ascitic fluid protein concentration which is related to the opsonin activity and peritoneal immune reaction. |
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http://www.mejfm.com/journal/persistent3.htm
(634 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | They found that nearly 70 percent of the patients owned or had contact with a household pet. | | | multocida peritonitis among immune-compromised patients after treating a 66-year-old patient with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | | | Researchers reviewed the cases of 13 immune-suppressed patients who suffered from peritonitis caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida. |
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http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/cat.htm
(600 words)
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| | PMID: 14614644 |
| | A week later, the patient's condition improved and he became afebrile. | | | Liver biopsy findings revealed cirrhosis and a nongranulomatous hepatitis which was thought might be due to Brucella infection. | | | On the basis of physical examination and laboratory findings, cryptogenic cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were diagnosed. |
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http://invention.swmed.edu/cgi-bin/etblast/abstract_local?pmid=14614644&user_id=107540011
(189 words)
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| | peritonitis on Encyclopedia.com |
| | Let HighBeam Research help you refine your search | | | Bacteroides peritonitis associated with colon cancer in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient. | | | Ensuring best practice in the treatment of peritonitis and exit site infection.(Case Study) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/p1/peritoni.asp
(445 words)
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| | WGN 2001/2: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
| | Cefotaxime is considered to be one of the first-choice antibiotic therapies in the empirical treatment of SBP in patients with cirrhosis. | | | In most instances, patients with SBP are in relatively good clinical condition and can be treated orally. | | | Born in Barcelona in 1938, he studied medicine at the Medical School of the University of Barcelona, graduating in 1962 and obtaining his doctoral degree in 1967. |
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http://www.omge.org/publications/archive/2001_2/sci/sci1.htm
(1120 words)
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| | p990112b - Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
| | Nonazotemic patients with nonadvanced, uncomplicated SBP may be treated with oral ofloxacin. | | | A third-generation cephalosporin is the treatment of choice, achieving a cure rate higher than 80%. | | | Primary or secondary long-term prophylaxis of SBP also decreases the incidence of SBP, but these patients should be carefully observed for detecting possible infections caused by quinolone-resistant organisms. |
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http://www.emory.edu/WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch98/p990112b.html
(999 words)
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| | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a form of peritonitis that occurs in patients with cirrhosis. | | | After confirmation of SBP, patients need hospital admission for intravenous antibiotics (most often cefotaxime or ceftriaxone). | | | Once patients recovered for acute SBP, they require regular preventative antibiotics (e.g. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous_bacterial_peritonitis
(154 words)
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| | Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Information - symptom, cause, picture, treatment of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
| | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis may be present in 20% of patients hospitalized with chronic liver disease in the absence of any suggestive symptoms or signs. | | | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis may also present with a change in mental status due to exacerbation or precipitation of hepatic encephalopathy, or sudden worsening of renal function. | | | Eighty to 90 percent of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are symptomatic; in many cases the presentation is subtle. |
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http://www.diseasesatoz.com/spontaneous-bacterial-peritonitis.htm
(752 words)
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| | Question_set 208 |
| | As many as half of patients with SBP have negative routine ascites fluid cultures, yet these patients should be treated as aggressively as those with positive initial cultures. | | | Enteric organisms are the most common type of organism isolated from this fluid, found in over 90% of the cases in which an organism is isolated. | | | More than half of the patients with SBP will have abdominal tenderness, but a significant minority will not. |
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http://www.ncemi.org/cgi-ncemi/qad.pl?cmd=showquestion&rf=/usr/www/htdocs/ncemi/qad/208.spontaneous_bacterial.qad&rfj=5
(500 words)
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| | Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis -- eCureMe.com |
| | Peritonitis is a disease state in which the peritoneum becomes infected. | | | Secondary Bacterial Peritonitis is an infection that occurs due to specific causes, such as when the bowel is perforated and feces gets into the peritoneum. | | | "Spontaneous" means that the infection occurred without a specific cause. |
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http://www.ecureme.com/emyhealth/data/Spontaneous_Bacterial_Peritonitis.asp
(286 words)
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| | Liver Cirrhosis — Medical information regarding this liver disease on MedicineNet.com |
| | Most patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are hospitalized and treated with intravenous antibiotics such as ampicillin, gentamycin, and one of the newer generation cephalosporin. | | | Not all patients with cirrhosis and ascites should be treated with antibiotics to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, but some patients are at high risk for developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and warrant preventive treatment: | | | Doctors believe that the lack of bacteria with culturing in some patients with increased neutrophils is due either to a very small number of bacteria or ineffective culturing techniques. |
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http://www.medicinenet.com/cirrhosis/page5.htm
(2400 words)
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| | AEGiS-05IAC: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and AIDS. |
| | As we have no knowledge of reports of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in HIV patients, we think this case description may be helpful in enlarging our knowledge about clinical manifestations of this disease. | | | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was suspected and empiric treatment with Cephalotin (8g/day) was initiated. | | | Keywords: AEGIS, Peritonitis, Bacterial Infections, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Ascites, HIV Seropositivity, Leukocyte Count, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Antibiotics, Liver Diseases, Human, Male, ICA5 |
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http://www.aegis.com/conferences/iac/1989/B522.html
(290 words)
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| | AASLD: Leukocyte Esterase Reagent Strips Test for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis |
| | The study was conducted in inpatient and ambulatory settings. | | | If negative, he suggested, treatment could wait for confirmation unless there was strong clinical suspicion of infection. | | | Any question regarding a medical diagnosis, treatment, referral, drug availability or pricing should be directed to either a licensed physician or to the product's manufacturer. |
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http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/23d6da.htm
(456 words)
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| | rena |
| | Intravenous albumin for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with | | | concluded that, in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial | | | peritonitis, treatment with IV albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the |
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http://www.pharmweb.net/pwmirror/uk/guys/pharmline/RENA/rena.html
(1587 words)
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| | EPOCket Consult - A Free Medical Database For Psion |
| | Begin treatment as soon as cultures are drawn. | | | Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | | | Polymicrobial infection suggests a perforated viscus as the cause of peritonitis |
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http://www.epocket.bizland.com/SBP.html
(254 words)
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| | PakMediNet - View Abstract |
| | Fifty-five patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites were prospectively studied for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and different culture systems compared. | | | This was the reason to study both methods in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and to compare them with routine (conventional) culture. | | | Sixteen (29.1%) ascitic fluid infections were diagnosed, (7 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, 6 culture negative neutrocytic ascites and 3 bacterascites). |
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http://www.pakmedinet.com/view.php?id=780
(340 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Recommendations for the prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis* IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE: 1. | | | If there is a reduction of less than 25% of polymorphonuclear cells compared to the basal levels, the presence of a secondary peritonitis and/or bacteria resistant to antibiotic therapy should be suspected and treatment changes made accordingly. | | | Consider liver transplantation IN PATIENTS WITH ASCITES WITHOUT A PREVIOUS EPISODE OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS: 1. |
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http://www.easl.ch/PostGraduate/FullPapers/MSEASL_Gines.doc
(299 words)
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| | A CLINICAL CASE STUDY: SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS |
| | The article is Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis by Steven Bandy, MD and Alan Tuttle, MD from emedicine | | | Hispanic male who presented with chills, rigors and SOB after he was deboarded by the flight crew d/t these symptoms. | | | Impression: #1 fever and chills probably r/t SBP, but possibly pneumonia; #2 Hypoxemia probably r/t hepatopulmaonary syndrome, but possibly r/t pneumonia or pulmonary HTN; #3 Alcohol abuse with probable cirrhosis, cannot exclude hepatitis; #4 ascites r/t cirrhosis; and #5 rt. |
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http://personal.uncc.edu/lmoore/shultman.htm
(635 words)
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| | FIRSTConsult - sdfdsf |
| | Your search for Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been successful within FIRSTConsult, your source of evidence-based, continually updated guidance on the latest in patient evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, disease prevention, and much more. | | | You can quickly and easily access the information you need from this revolutionary clinical information and diagnostic tool by registering for a FREE 30-day trial. |
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http://www.firstconsult.com/?action=view_article&id=1016543&type=101&bref=1
(234 words)
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| | Dr. Rose's Peripheral Brain--SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS |
| | Empiric tx with Cefotaxime may cause less nephrotoxicity than traditional amp/gent | | | Secondary prophylaxis with norfloxacin may reduce recurrences but may not reduce mortality | | | Oral ofloxacin (100-800mg/d, depending on renal function) produced identical resolution rates as IV cefotaxime in 123 pts with cirrhosis and SBP and without shock, GI bleed, Cr > 3.0, or grade II-IV hepativ encephalopathy (Gastroent. |
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http://faculty.washington.edu/momus/PB/spontane.htm
(111 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | 35 Treatment and prohylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | | | 34 Pathogenesis and clinical features of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis |
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http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/bookxml.asp?isbn=1405118040
(384 words)
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| | ob |
| | Paul, G; VYAS, H. Bacterial meningitis in childhood : an |
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http://www.squ.edu.om/mdl/omnjrnl/ob.html
(703 words)
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