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| | Dr. Koop - Shigella- Health Encyclopedia and Reference |
 | | Shigella infection can be prevented by assuring that adequate hand washing technique is used by all involved in the preparation of food. | | | Poor sanitary conditions promote the spread of shigella. | | | You should promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about your health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a fitness regimen. |
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http://www.drkoop.com/encyclopedia/43/634.html
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| | Medmicro Chapter 22 |
| | The identification of shigellae by species in the clinical laboratory is usually accomplished by slide agglutination using commercially available, absorbed rabbit antisera. | | | ShET1 is neutralized by convalescent sera from volunteers challenged with S flexneri 2a, suggesting that this toxic moiety is expressed by shigellae growing in the human intestine. | | | Fasano A, Noriega FR, Maneval DR, et al: Shigella enterotoxin 1: an enterotoxin of Shigella flexneri 2a active in rabbit small intestine in vivo and in vitro. |
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http://gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch022.htm
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| | Shigella |
| | About 3% of persons who are infected with Shigella flexneri may subsequently develop pains in their joints, irritation of the eyes, and painful urination. | | | Shigella are present in the diarrheal stools of infected persons while they are sick and for a week or two afterwards. | | | The spread of Shigella from an infected person to other persons can be stopped by frequent and careful handwashing with soap, a practice that is important among all age groups. |
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http://textbookofbacteriology.net/Shigella.html
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| | FDA/CFSAN BAM * Shigella |
| | Use antisera for identification of serotype or compare with physiological behavior of the 32 serotypes presented in Table 1. | | | The first approach is a conventional culture method that involves the use of a specially formulated medium, Shigella broth. | | | Two approaches are provided for the recovery of Shigella. |
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http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-6.html
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| | Shigella food poisoning |
| | Everyone who changes an infected child's diapers should be sure the diapers are disposed of properly in a closed-lid garbage can and should wash their hands carefully with soap and warm water immediately after changing the diapers. | | | Persons infected with HIV experience shigellosis much more commonly than other individuals, but this may largely be due to an increased risk among men having sex with men. | | | Up to 3% of persons infected with Shigella may later develop a syndrome that includes joint pain and swelling, irritation of the eyes, and sometimes painful urination. |
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http://www.foodborneillness.com/shigella_food_poisoning.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Shigella is present in the stool of an infected person and it continues to be present in the person's stool for about two weeks after they are no longer sick. | | | Ruohonen and Associates, P.A. Attorney Fred Pritzker has a national reputation for excellence in the area of food-borne illness lawsuits. | | | Shigella is the name of a family of rod-shaped bacteria found in the feces of humans and other primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees. |
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http://www.pritzkerlaw.com/shigella
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| | eMedicine - Shigella Infection : Article by Walid Abuhammour, MD, FAAP |
| | Ampicillin is still the drug of choice if the isolate is susceptible to this drug. | | | -- Because of an increase in the incidence of Shigella strains with ampicillin resistance, the treatment of choice when susceptibility is not known is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | | | Shigella infection and AIDS: Shigellosis in patients with HIV infection is often a protracted, chronic, relapsing disease (even when treated with antibiotics) and may be complicated by bacteremia. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2085.htm
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| | Shigella Infections |
| | Rarely, Shigella bacteria can affect other organs in the body aside from the digestive tract. | | | Give your child these antibiotics on schedule for as long as your child's doctor has prescribed. | | | Immediate medical care is also required if neurological symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, headache, or stiff neck develop in a child with a Shigella infection or if the child has a seizure. |
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http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/shigella.html
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| | Shigella enteritis |
| | In up to 40% of children with severe shigella enteritis, febrile seizures, headache, lethargy, confusion, and stiff neck resembling meningitis (nuchal rigidity) can occur. | | | Call your provider if diarrhea does not improve, if blood is noted in the stool, or if dehydration seems to be developing. | | | Shigella enteritis is an acute infection of the lining of the small intestine caused by the shigella bacteria. |
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http://www.pennhealth.com/ency/article/000295.htm
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| | Shigella |
| | Serological techniques may be used for epidemiological characterization. | | | Shigella dysenteriae is responsible for bacillary dysentery, a disease most often associated with crowded, unsanitary conditions. | | | Shigellae are pathogenic primarily due to their ability to invade intestinal epithelial cells. |
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http://www.cehs.siu.edu/fix/medmicro/shige.htm
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| | SFCC :: STD Basics : Other STDs |
| | Very thorough washing of your genitals and hands before and after sex can help prevent shigella and other infections, as well as using a barrier (cut-up condoms, dental dams, or household plastic wrap) for oral-anal sexual activities. | | | Shigella can easily be spread from one person to another through rimming (oral-anal contact) and from oral contact with contaminated skin including skin in the groin area, the testicles and the penis. | | | Also known as trich, this is an infection caused by a protozoa that is passed from person to person during vaginal sex. |
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http://www.dph.sf.ca.us/sfcityclinic/stdbasics/otherstds.asp#Molluscum
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| | Images of Shigella sonnei |
| | All cause bacillary dysentery or shigellosis (bloody feces associated with intestinal pain). | | | Infections occur predominately among young children and usually are associated with poor hygienic conditions in child-care settings. | | | A Shigella sonnei culture on a desoxycholate citrate agar plate was kindly provided by Dr. |
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http://anka.livstek.lth.se:2080/Shigella.htm
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| | Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Fact Sheet - Shigella Food Safety Facts |
| | Shigella bacteria are found naturally in the intestinal tracts of humans and other primates. | | | Most cases of foodborne illness can be prevented by using safe food handling practices and using a food thermometer to check that your food is cooked to a safe internal temperature! | | | Food can also become contaminated if it is handled by a person infected with Shigella or by cross-contamination because of unsanitary food handling practices. |
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http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/corpaffr/foodfacts/shige.shtml
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| | Shigella flexneri Serotype 3 Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men --- Chicago, Illinois, 2003--2004 |
| | Investigations of shigellosis outbreaks and outbreaks of other enteric diseases among MSM are needed to better characterize specific high-risk behaviors for transmission, identify effective prevention measures, and clarify the role of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in the sexual transmission of Shigella. | | | Clinicians should request appropriate laboratory examinations, including stool culture for patients with diarrhea who are MSM, and counsel patients about the risk for infection with enteric pathogens during sexual activity that could expose them to feces. | | | Outbreaks of sexually transmitted shigellosis might be observed more frequently than outbreaks of other sexually transmissible enteric organisms because the infectious dose is lower, the illness produces symptoms that are more likely to bring patients to medical attention, and laboratory diagnosis is simpler. |
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http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5433a2.htm
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| | Shigella Infection |
| | Post a question or comment on our Message Board | | | The Shigella germ is a family of enteric bacteria causing serious illness in humans. | | | Shigella - A Food Borne Illness (Prevention) - |
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http://www.health-nexus.com/shigella_infection.htm
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| | Shigella |
| | Fate of Shigella sonnei on Parsley and Methods of Disinfection (1999) | | | Contaminated human feces is the major source of shigellae associated with food and water. | | | Survival and Growth of Acid-Adapted and Unadapted Shigella flexneri in a Traditional Fermented Ghanaian Weaning Food as Affected by Fortification with Cowpea (2002) |
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http://www.griffin.peachnet.edu/cfs/research/ShigellaResearch.html
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| | Shigella - BC HealthFile #80 |
| | A person with Shigella may experience no, mild or severe symptoms. | | | Persons with Shigella infections can be treated with antibiotics to speed recovery and to help stop others from getting it. | | | They are only found in human stool (bowel movements). |
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http://www.bchealthguide.org/healthfiles/hfile80.stm
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| | US FDA/CFSAN - Bad Bug Book - Shigella spp. |
| | The disease is caused when virulent Shigella organisms attach to, and penetrate, epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa. | | | The illness caused by Shigella (shigellosis) accounts for less than 10% of the reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in this country. | | | Shigella rarely occurs in animals; principally a disease of humans except other primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees. |
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http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/chap19.html
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| | eMedicine - Shigellosis : Article by Joyann A Kroser, MD |
| | Synonyms and related keywords: bacillary dysentery, Shigella organisms, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri | | | Shigella infection produces a self-limited diarrheal illness that lasts 5-7 days and may not require antibiotics in individuals who are otherwise healthy. | | | Antibiotic treatment is recommended for infirm or older patients, malnourished children, patients infected with HIV, food handlers, health care workers, and children in day care centers. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2112.htm
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| | Shigella enterocolitis |
| | The occurrence of rhabdomyolysis in patients with shigellosis increases the risk of acute renal failure, mandating increased awareness of this potential complication of shigella infections. | | | Indeed, studies have demonstrated increases in several cytokines studied. | | | (1995) Prevalence of shigella enterotoxin 1 among Shigella clinical isolates of diverse serotypes. |
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http://www.priory.com/med/shigella.htm
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| | H:\MURIANAP\FS591I\LECT10\10LECT1.SAM |
| | This further emphasizes the fact that temperature regulation of virulence in Shigella is facilitated by a trans-acting repressor of the vir genes. | | | These deformations may represent the first stage in intercellular spread of Shigella. | | | This is due to plasmid-mediated contact-hemolytic activity of invasive Shigella in which the rapid intraphagosomal acidification enhances hemolytic activity by Shigella by 100-fold. |
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http://www.okstate.edu/OSU_Ag/fapc/fsw/shigella/shigpm.htm
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| | Shigella flexneri Sequencing Project |
| | Shigella species are commonly pathogenic to humans, causing severe gastroenteritis (bacillary dysentery). | | | We have completed the genome sequence of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a strain 2457T, which has been the subject of extensive molecular pathogenesis and genetics research. | | | Shigella flexneri strain 2457T has been deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and is available as ATCC 700930, both as a culture and as purified DNA from this strain. |
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http://www.genome.wisc.edu/sequencing/sflex.htm
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| | Nebraska HHS System: Shigella Epidemiology Fact Sheet |
| | It has been theorized that the immunity against Shigella was due essentially to the sensitization of the intestinal mucosa to Shigella, and that antibodies circulating in the serum have a negligible role in protection. | | | The best way to prevent the spread Shigella is careful handwashing using warm, soapy water after using the toilet or changing diapers. | | | Studies have indicated that a degree of homologous immunity can be demonstrated among those who have recovered from a Shigella infection. |
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http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/epi/epishig.htm
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| | WHO Shigella |
| | Although several organisms can cause dysentery, Shigella are the most important. | | | Dysentery may be simply defined as diarrhoea containing blood. | | | Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Sd1), also known as the Shiga bacillus, is the most virulent of the four serogroups of Shigella. |
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http://www.who.int/health_topics/shigella/en
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| | Shigella dysenteriae |
| | dysenteriae is primarily a human pathogen, as are all Shigellae. | | | The Shiga bacillus is the most virulent of the four serogroups of Shigella. | | | Shigella dysenteriae is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative rod from the family Enterobacteriaceae. |
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http://www.historique.net/microbes/dysenteriae.html
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| | Shigella Recovery |
| | Is it typical that I would still be having these symptoms (cramping, diarrhea, rectal pain) after two months. | | | Since this point, my symptoms improved to a point and now are at steady state - they are not intolerable but not great either. | | | What is the typical recovery time for shigella? |
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http://www.medhelp.org/forums/gastro/messages/35615.html
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| | SHIGELLA |
| | Shigella is closely related to Escherichia and is considered, by some scientists, to be another strain of E. | | | Strain D is the causative agent of most cases of Shigella-related diarrhea (shigellosis), while strain C species are rarely encountered in the laboratory. | | | Shigella is also an invasive pathogen which can be recovered from the bloody stool of an infected host. |
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http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/path/00001522.htm
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| | Medcyclopaedia - Shigella |
| | This arthritis may be associated with Reiters syndrome and the presence of HLA B27 antigen. | | | Reactive arthritis also occurs after some Shigella infections. |
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http://www.medcyclopaedia.com/library/topics/volume_iii_1/s/SHIGELLA.aspx
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| | WHO Shigella |
| | WHO is supporting research projects with its collaborating partners on Shigella epidemiology and burden of disease in Asia and on vaccine development. | | | A total of 69% of all episodes and 61% of all deaths attributable to shigellosis involve children less than 5 years of age. | | | Worldwide there are approximately 164.7 million cases, of which 163.2 million in developing countries and 1.5 million in industrialized countries. |
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http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/shigella/en
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| | HPA Shigella |
| | Bacillary dysentery is primarily a human disease often acquired by drinking water contaminated with human faeces or by eating food washed with contaminated water. | | | Shigellosis, also called bacillary dysentery, is caused by four species: Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei. |
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http://www.hpa.org.uk/infections/topics_az/shigella/menu.htm
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| | shigella |
| | Shigella facgt sheet (Nebraska Health and Human Services) | | | Shigellosis (CDC) and Shigella: information from the CDC (provided by Health touch) | | | Shigella species in the Bad Bug Book (USFDA) |
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http://www.bacteriamuseum.org/species/shigella.shtml
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| | shigella |
| | References - Kotloff, K.L., Winickoff, J.P., Ivanoff, B., Clemens, J.D., Swerdlow, D.L., Sansonetti, P.J., Adak, G.K., Levine, M.M. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. | | | A WEB-SURFER'S GUIDE TO BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTIONS IN HUMANS |
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http://freepages.pavilion.net/tetrix/shigella.html
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