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| | Development of Scab Resistance |
 | | The key bits of related research came from the Regional Scab Conference (1993) in which a number of researchers (Dr. Busch among them) felt that the Sumai-3 resistance was conditioned by 3 dominant genes. | | | Disease evaluations were done using a method described by (Teich and Micheutti) along with some variations of that technique developed by Dr. Fox. | | | Special emphasis was placed on the variety Norm. |
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http://www.smallgrains.org/research/Scab2.htm
(688 words)
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| | Apple Scab |
| | Both traditional and modern apple scab control focuses on both the conidia and ascospore stages of the fungus. | | | Mowing and shredding techniques have been shown to be not very effective: 29-39% of leaves escape this treatment (Prokopy et al 1994). | | | Because of resistance developing after only 3-6 years of usage, fungicides have changed frequently since then (MacHardy 1996). |
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http://www.newnets.com.au/oaa/applescab.htm
(7540 words)
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| | The Scab: From The war of the Classes (The World of Jack London) |
| | Nobody desires to scab, to give most for least. | | | Rockefeller changes about from giving least for most, and gives most for least with such a vengeance as to drive the competitor out of existence. | | | Just as individuals scab on other individuals, so do groups scab on other groups. |
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http://www.jacklondons.net/writings/theScab.html
(5579 words)
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| | PPA-38: Head Scab of Small Grains in Kentucky |
| | Nonetheless, research to identify specific traits which may moderate head scab development has yet to be done. | | | Currently available foliar fungicides, when applied within label restrictions, show no activity against head scab. | | | Apart from genetically based resistance mechanisms, there is some evidence that certain physical or developmental traits of some varieties may positively or negatively effect head scab development. |
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http://www.ca.uky.edu/agc/pubs/ppa/ppa38/ppa38.htm
(1337 words)
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| | Whole Farm Apple Scab IPM Project |
| | This relieved the risk to the growers in adopting orchard-wide trials of new and innovative IPM apple scab management techniques before scaling up these methods for industry-wide use. | | | This experience points to an important area of research: modified fall foliar assessment for orchards moving from SI management to delayed fungicide strategy. | | | These two sanitation practices had been show in a New Hampshire study to reduce the ascosporic inoculum of the scab pathogen by 60 to 90%. |
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http://orchard.uvm.edu/uvmapple/appleteam/wholefarm.html
(774 words)
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| | Scab of Cucurbits fact sheet |
| | 5. Use fungicides to control scab, but specific points need to be made to increase their effective use. | | | This fungal disease can attack all parts of the plant, but is most damaging because of the unsightly scab lesions that develop on fruit, usually making them unmarketable. | | | Spores are produced in the spring and are readily spread. |
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http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Cucurbit_Scab.htm
(1023 words)
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| | Scab of Wheat; G94-1207-A |
| | Unfortunately, there are no practical effective control measures against scab in the semi-arid Great Plains. | | | Wheat scab is caused by several species of Fusarium fungi. | | | Symptoms of scab develop on emerged immature wheat heads and are most conspicuous after the soft dough stage. |
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http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/plantdisease/g1207.htm
(1135 words)
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| | Fusarium Head Blight (Scab) of Small Grains |
| | Repeated scab epidemics and large economic losses have resulted in increased emphasis on developing resistant cultivars. | | | The most common species causing scab is Fusarium graminearum (sexual stage—Gibberella zeae). | | | Early infections subsequently may produce air-borne spores which are responsible for secondary spread of the disease, especially if the crop has uneven flowering due to late tillers. |
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http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/smgrains/pp804w.htm
(1883 words)
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| | IPM : Reports on Plant Diseases : Common Scab of Potato |
| | It is better to educe soil alkalinity gradually than to try to make the entire change in one year. | | | Resistance is apparently associated with the effectiveness of the periderm, which underlies the scab lesions and walls them off from the tuber. | | | Different types of lesions may develop on the same tuber, which may reflect differences in pathogenicity between strains of the organism or in the maturity of the tuber surface at the time of infection. |
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http://www.ipm.uiuc.edu/diseases/series900/rpd909
(1452 words)
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| | What's a Scab? |
| | If you pick or pull at the scab, you can undo the repair and rip your skin again, which means it'll probably take longer to heal. | | | For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor. | | | By the time it's all done, a new layer of skin will have been made. |
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http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/talk/yucky/scab.html
(405 words)
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| | Scab |
| | One site will be grown under natural rainfall conditions and the second site will have an irrigation system with misting nozzles that will facilitate the development of scab. | | | The sporadic and severe nature of the wheat scab disease points to the need to increase our understanding of the basic biology of the disease and its causal agents. | | | The experiment will be planted at two sites. |
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http://www.smallgrains.org/Research/Scab.htm
(850 words)
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| | Online Etymology Dictionary |
| | Sense reinforced by cognate L. scabies "scab, itch, mange" (from scabere "to scratch;" see scabies). | | | c.1250, "skin disease," developed from O.E. sceabb "scab, itch" (related to scafan "to scratch") and from O.N. skabb "scab, itch," both from P.Gmc. | | | Meaning "crust which forms over a wound or sore" is first attested c.1400. |
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http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=scab
(82 words)
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| | AgWeather - Models - Pecan Scab |
| | You will need to know the date (if any) that you last applied a scab fungicide. | | | As with any pest management model, the Oklahoma Pecan Scab Model is to be regarded as only a tool in making fungicide application decisions. | | | It calculates the number of "scab hours" having temperature and moisture conditions favorable for infection and disease development. |
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http://agweather.mesonet.org/models/pecanscab
(267 words)
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| | Scab of Potato Tubers, HYG-3105-95 |
| | A few other conditions can be confused with scab. | | | Scab is most severe when tubers develop under warm, dry soil conditions. | | | Laboratory examination may be necessary to identify these diseases. |
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http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/3000/3105.html
(446 words)
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| | BP-1 |
| | This material may be available in alternative formats. | | | Two readily available fungicides for control of apple scab are Captan and Immunox. | | | Apple scab is caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. |
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http://www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/BP/BP-1.html
(565 words)
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| | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Anthrax |
| | Inhalation anthrax: Initial stage presents with fever, malaise, headache, cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain; Shock may occur in the second stage | | | Most bio-terrorism experts have concluded that it is technologically difficult to use anthrax effectively as a weapon on a large scale. | | | Cutaneous anthrax: Blister or ulcer that later forms a black scab; usually has extensive surrounding swelling |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001325.htm
(820 words)
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| | THE SCAB'S PROGRESS-PAGE 1 |
| | I should have some preliminary results for us by, uhm … well, a week or so." | | | Unlike Malvern, whose scab popularity was mostly due to his lack of squeamishness. | | | With deft stabs of his carpalled fingertips, Fearon used the parlor wallscreen to access Fusing Nuclei—the all-biomed news site favored by the happening hipsters of scabdom. |
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http://www.scifi.com/scifiction/originals/originals_archive/sterling/sterling1.html
(3730 words)
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| | Diseases of Apples and Other Pome Fruits |
| | Orchardists may also use scab fungicides such as mancozeb. | | | Dolgo, Centennial, and Manchurian crabapple are also resistant to scab. | | | With these conditions, the regular spray schedule for scab and rust will usually give effective control of powdery mildew as well. |
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http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/hortcrop/pp454w.htm
(5087 words)
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| | Potato Scab fact sheet |
| | Red clover, however, stimulates problems with common scab and should not be used in fields where scab has been a problem. | | | Individual scab lesions are circular but may coalesce into large scabby areas. | | | The term "common scab" generally refers to the response of the disease to soil pH. |
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http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_Scab.htm
(1286 words)
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| | Routing Pecan Scab --Protecting a Popular Nut |
| | Reilly says weather conditions are the driving force in scab infection and that the disease worsens during periods of high rainfall. | | | Pecan scab, caused by the fungus Cladosporium caryigenum, is generally the most damaging pecan disease. | | | To measure fungicide application, the researchers studied how much and where spray materials were being deposited in the trees, some of which are up to 70 feet tall. |
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http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/aug98/scab0898.htm
(1072 words)
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| | Apple Scab |
| | When conditions are for scab development (when an infection period occurs), sprays are applied. | | | However, scab outbreaks such as those that occurred in the early 1980's indicate that persons associated with the central Washington apple industry must constantly be alert to conditions that are conducive to the development of this disease, even in arid climates such as central Washington. | | | Fungicides such as captan and dodine (dodine can also be used in a post-infective program) are examples of Protective materials. |
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http://gardening.wsu.edu/library/tree005/tree005.htm
(1604 words)
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| | Pear scab - Venturia pirina |
| | Pear cultivars differ in susceptibility to scab; however, cultivars resistant in one region of the country may not be resistant in another region. | | | An awareness of the scab inoculum situation in adjacent abandoned or commercial orchards may influence early-season scab control decisions. | | | The disease is more of a problem in European countries than in North America, and is especially of major concern in Japan. |
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http://www.caf.wvu.edu/kearneysville/disease_descriptions/ompearsc.html
(915 words)
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| | Scab of Apple and Crabapple, HYG-3003-94 |
| | Where resistance to scab is not present, fungicide application is the primary method of control. | | | The lesions darken with age and become black and "scabby." Scabs are unsightly, but are only skin deep. | | | The use of resistant or scab immune varieties is the ideal method for controlling scab. |
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http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/3000/3003.html
(707 words)
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| | Apple Scab |
| | This may provide an additional means of controlling scab in the future. | | | Work is being done to develop cultivars resistant to apple scab. | | | Late season fungicide applications may be necessary to prevent "pin point" scab and various fruit rots. |
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http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Pages/hancock/diseases/apple.scab.html
(337 words)
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| | Ag Answers: Weather Data Gives Researchers A Head's Up On Scab |
| | Risk assessment is based on the results of two models. | | | It is during this time that the disease is most likely to develop. | | | At this point in time, the model is designed to provide information and not to be used as a base for any management practices." |
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http://www.agriculture.purdue.edu/agcomm/aganswers/story.asp?storyID=3021
(749 words)
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| | Apple Scab - Tree Fruit & Berry Pathology |
| | Apple scab fungicides control disease in different ways. | | | The term sheet scab refers to the condition when the entire leaf surface is covered with the disease; when this occurs, leaves typically shrivel and fall to the ground. | | | Standard apple cultivars vary widely in their susceptibility to scab, which will influence the intensity of the control program necessary for a particular variety. |
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http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/pp/extension/tfabp/apscpm.shtml
(1443 words)
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| | Potato Scab -- UVM Extension Garden Disease Control Leaflet 7 |
| | Follow a rotation schedule when scab is a problem. | | | Scab is caused by the bacteria-like organism Streptomyces scabies. | | | Rotations that include rye, alfalfa, or soybeans may reduce scab severity. |
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http://www.uvm.edu/~uvmext/publications/gardendisease/gd7.htm
(587 words)
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| | UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for Apple Scab on Apple |
| | Because scab control often is part of a combination treatment aimed at other diseases and insect control, choice of materials and timing are also extremely important. | | | Apple scab outbreaks can be predicted based on temperature and moisture conditions. | | | This in turn reduces the level of overwintering apple scab inoculum. |
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http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r4100411.html
(1019 words)
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| | Pecan Scab and Rain - A Note from the Literature |
| | This was an ideal condition for the growth and infection by spores of the scab fungus. | | | However, by studying the weather records it was observed that in 1956 the time of day that the rains fell determined their effect on pecan scab development. | | | This was indicated by general observation of scab development in the two orchards and also by the nut scab counts which were made on August 9 at Monticello, and on August 10 at Quincy, Florida. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Campus/3370/field.htm
(641 words)
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| | TIB - Scab Update |
| | Poinsettias may express symptoms during propagation and early crop development that mimic the symptoms of scab. | | | However, these symptoms may be due to other factors, which commonly occur under propagation conditions, such as leaf scarring, Odema, Alternaria leaf spot and environmental disorders. | | | Scab does not appear to be highly contagious after the cuttings are moved out of propagation conditions. |
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http://www.ecke.com/scabupdate
(619 words)
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| | Apple Scab |
| | Recently, several new apple cultivars have been released with excellent resistance to scab and some other diseases, and should be considered before planting to reduce the number of pesticide applications. | | | The best means of avoiding scab is to plant resistant cultivars. | | | Disease resistance, aesthetic quality, and adaptability to Kansas conditions should all be considered before choosing a flowering crab for planting. |
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http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/dp_hfrr/extensn/problems/applescb.htm
(582 words)
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| | UNDERSTANDING SCAB EPIDEMICS |
| | Research on scab and Fusarium has been ongoing at NDSU since 1981. | | | These species differ in their ability to cause visible disease in heads, in their ability to produce mycotoxins, in their distribution in different parts of the state, and very likely in the environmental conditions most favorable for their infection. | | | Agronomic practices such as tillage, residue management, and crop rotation all play important roles in determining the risk of crop disease such as head blight, by influencing the type, amount, and location of inoculum. |
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http://www.smallgrains.org/RESEARCH/Stack.htm
(774 words)
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| | FD06 - PEACH SCAB |
| | All varieties are susceptible to scab, with some being more severely effected than others. | | | Peach scab is caused by the fungus Cladosporium carpophylium which infects peaches, nectarines, and apricots. | | | The scab lesions are superficial, but when numerous their effect prevents normal growth, resulting in misshapen and cracked fruit. |
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http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/fd6.htm
(659 words)
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| | Wheat Scab |
| | Close examination of affected spikelets may show superficial pink mycelia at the base of the colonized spikelet. | | | Scab is early identified in the field when healthy heads are green. | | | The grain harvested from wheat fields heavily infested with scab is of poor quality, low test weight, and often contains mycotoxin (toxins produced by fungi) that make the grain less palatable to livestock and humans. |
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http://ipm.ppws.vt.edu/stromberg/smallgrain/biology/wscab.html
(188 words)
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| | NDSU Screening Nurseries Play Integral Role in Scab Research |
| | Research funded by the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative focuses on six areas: variety development, germ plasm introduction, chemical and biological control, epidemiology and disease management, toxicology and utilization, and biotechnology. | | | Nationally, about 110 scab research projects received federal funding; slightly less than one-fifth of those ongoing projects are being directed by NDSU researchers. | | | As part of his role with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, Elias is responsible for screening this collection, the evaluation of which is now being staged in China and France. |
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http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extnews/newsrelease/1999/080599/02ndsusc.htm
(1338 words)
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| | Apple tree disease: scab |
| | You may need to re-spray at ten day intervals if venturia inaequalis scab is particularly troublesome in your region. | | | Venturia inaequalis fungal spores often over winter on fallen fruit which is known as a mummy, or mummies if there are more than one apple fruit. | | | Apples usually have spots which begin as a small olive colored cluster on the fruit near the steam and spread outward in an ever growing circular pattern of small olive green spots which turn brownish the more velvety they feel. |
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http://ks.essortment.com/applestreessca_rkbj.htm
(651 words)
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| | Apple Scab |
| | The weakening effects of the disease can predispose the tree to winter injury and other diseases. | | | To develop, the fungus needs moist conditions on the leaf surface for a period of time, which varies according to the surrounding temperature. | | | The Extension Office can provide you with an updated list of trees that are resistant to apple scab, and a list of fungicides that are effective against the disease if they are applied at the right time. |
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http://outreach.missouri.edu/extensioninfonet/article.asp?id=1703
(405 words)
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| | Ag Answers: Head Scab May Be Lower This Year |
| | Lipps says he'll have a better idea of the extent of scab problems by the end of June when the crop will be 18 days past mid-flowering. | | | For now, all indications are that scab may not be a major worry this year. | | | He adds, however that the amount of head scab is hard to estimate "due to Stagonospora glume blotch, which is also changing head color." |
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http://www.agriculture.purdue.edu/agcomm/aganswers/story.asp?storyID=893
(456 words)
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| | "The Scab" by Jack London |
| | Esau was a traitor to himself; Judas was a traitor to his God; Benedict Arnold was a traitor to his country; a scab is a traitor to his God, his country, his family and his class." | | | Benedict Arnold sold his country for a promise of a commision in the british army." The scab sells his birthright, country, his wife, his children and his fellowmen for an unfulfilled promise from his employer. | | | Where others have hearts, he carries a tumor of rotten principles." |
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http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/nalc820/scab.htm
(227 words)
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| | Season of the Scab |
| | And, like most living things, scabs have a lifecycle. | | | Taken in the right light, scabs are beautiful things. | | | And as the body returns to its smooth self, so winds to a close the Season of the Scab. |
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http://bikemag.com/features/columns/scab083004
(513 words)
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| | scab |
| | Crops flowering around July 11 or later will most likely have the highest levels of head scab, because of the long duration of their exposure to favorable conditions for infection. | | | The conditions were favorable again this growing season for a severe scab infestation throughout much of North Dakota. | | | However, in heavy scab infestations, a gravity table may not provide significant improvement in grain quality if many moderately infected kernels are present, which are approximately the same size and density as uninfected kernels. |
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http://www.ndaglinks.com/scab.htm
(522 words)
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| | Encyclopedia: Apple scab |
| | Scab lesions located on the woody tissues may also overwinter in place, but will not undergo a sexual reproduction cycle; these lesions can still produce infective conidial spores in the spring. | | | This will reduce the amount of new ascospores released in the spring. | | | Chemical controls can include a variety of compounds. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Apple-scab
(1004 words)
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| | Wordsmyth |
| | to develop or form a scab, as a sore or wound. | | | to take the place of a striking worker; act as a scab. |
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http://www.wordsmyth.net/live/home.php?script=search&matchent=scab&matchtype=exact
(157 words)
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| | AgWeather - Models - Pecan Scab |
| | The Oklahoma Pecan Scab Model is a tool that has been developed to aid growers in proper timing of fungicide application for pecan scab. | | | Research at pecan field sites using Mesonet weather data has shown that the total scab hours in the 14 days preceeding a scab rating was critical in correlating disease development. | | | The Model assumes that a correctly applied scab fungicide protects the crop for two weeks following application. |
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http://agweather.mesonet.ou.edu/models/pecanscab/description.html
(357 words)
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| | Scab -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | A (Informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar) slang term for a (Click link for more info and facts about strike-breaker) strike-breaker. | | | The scab disease in (Woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat) sheep | | | A common skin disfigurement in the (An edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland) potato |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/s/sc/scab.htm
(131 words)
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| | Bike |
| | Most people involved believe in the elimination of the automobile (that and the current corporate-government-media oligarchy) so this becomes the overall principle of the group. | | | As the only "rule" of SCAB is that you have to build a bicycle to join, these beliefs are fairly diffuse. |
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http://www.scab.freeservers.com/bikes.htm
(250 words)
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| | Herbal Encyclopedia - F |
| | A decoction of the herb has been successfully used as a cure for the scab in swine. | | | Then let the patient be well clad in woollen garments and made to take a long, fast walk until in a profuse perspiration, the treatment being continued for seven days.' | | | Cattle, as a rule, will refuse to eat the leaves, as they are bitter, acrid and nauseating, producing purging and vomiting if chewed. |
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http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/chaney/191/id106.htm
(15951 words)
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| | Scab-Resistant Apples |
| | These apple varieties are inherently immune to apple scab, a major disease of fruit and foliage that requires several fungicide applications on non-resistant varieties to control. | | | Their focus is on breeding fruit with multiple disease-resistance, hence Freedom is 100% immune to apple scab, and is highly resistant to other apple diseases too. | | | Hence, orchardists already growing scab-resistant apples are adopting a form of 'biological' control to save money and reduce pesticide use. |
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http://orchard.uvm.edu/uvmapple/hort/src.html
(999 words)
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| | definition of scab |
| | A nickname for a workman who engages for lower wages than are fixed by the trades unions; also, for one who takes the place of a workman on a strike. | | | Are, As, Casting, Discharge, Disease, Esp, Fellow, Fungus, In, It, Itch, Less, Man, Mange, Minute, Mold, More, Nickname, One, Or, Part, Place, Scab, Scabies, Scurvy, Sheep, Sore, Strike, Surface, To, Up, Vesicle, Which, Who | | | To become covered with a scab; as, the wound scabbed over. |
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http://www.brainydictionary.com/words/sc/scab215858.html
(175 words)
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