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| | Route of administration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The pharmacokinetic properties of a drug (that is, those related to processes of uptake, distribution, and elimination) are critically influenced by the route of administration. | | | intraperitoneal, (into the peritoneum) is predominantly used in veterinary medicine and animal testing for the administration of systemic drugs and fluids due to the ease of administration compared with other parenteral methods. | | | In acute situations, in emergency medicine and intensive care medicine, drugs are most often given intravenously. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration
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| | Drg00301 |
| | Administration to the outside of the dura mater of the spinal cord.. | | | Administration within the distal portion of the small intestine, from the jejunum to the cecum. | | | Administration within the meninges (the three membranes that envelope the brain and spinal cord). |
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http://www.fda.gov/cder/dsm/DRG/drg00301.htm
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| | Untitled Document |
| | This form of opioid administration is used to control pain following a variety of surgical procedures, for other painful procedures, and for cancer pain. | | | For a patient with severe acute pain or exacerbated cancer pain, repeated intravenous boluses may be used to titrate the analgesic to concentrations that provide effective pain relief, followed by a maintenance infusion if necessary. | | | PCA is most often used for the intravenous administration of opioid analgesics for severe acute pain, such as following a major surgical procedure. |
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http://www.rnceus.com/ages/routes.htm
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| | Optimizing analgesic response when pain is uncontrolled by oral opioids |
| | The choice of an alternative route is influenced by a consideration of the benefits, risks, effectiveness and costs for each individual patient; the choice is also limited by what drugs and delivery options are available in the country or care setting. | | | However, there is limited information on clinical practice regarding buccal, inhalation and intranasal routes of administration in patients with cancer pain. | | | Simple, safe and effective routes of opioid delivery are essential for these patients to experience pain relief in the home setting. |
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http://www.whocancerpain.wisc.edu/eng/16_1-2/optimizing.html
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| | CORK Bibliography: Route of Administration |
| | This study investigates the type and extent of changes in route of drug administration among heroin users after treatment: whether injectors move to other routes of use; whether changes in route for one drug influence routes used for other drugs; and associations between changes in route of administration and other substance use outcomes. | | | Patients in harm-reduction treatment programs are switching from intravenous to other routes of methamphetamine (INN, metamfetamine) administration to avoid risks associated with needle use. | | | During each of the six test sessions, subjects were allowed to puff on their usual brands of cigarette ad libitum while the programmed satiation conditions were in force. |
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http://www.projectcork.org/bibliographies/data/Bibliography_RouteOfAdministration.html
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| | AOD Thesaurus Annotated Hierarchy: biomedicine EF EG16.2 |
| | The major distinction between routes of administration is not the site where a substance is introduced or applied to the body, or even the way it is introduced or applied, but whether it takes effect merely in the local area where it is applied or whether it reaches its destination through systemic circulation. | | | Administration of a substance by way of absorption through the skin, usually for systemic action. | | | The administration of a substance by way of the gastrointestinal tract (i.e., stomach and intestine), usually for systemic action. |
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http://etoh.niaaa.nih.gov/AODVol1/aodhnef.htm
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| | Multiple Indicator Analysis - SECTION IV. DATA NEEDED TO UNDERSTAND DRUG USE BEHAVIORS |
| | Route of drug administration has a profound influence on the development of drug dependence (Strang et al. | | | Three drug abuse behaviors are briefly discussed in this section: polydrug use, route of drug administration, and frequency of drug use. | | | DATA NEEDED TO In preparing for data collection and analyses, it is important to consider drug abuse behaviors that will assist planners, policymakers, and providers in allocating treatment resources and delivering appropriate services. |
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http://csat.samhsa.gov/MIA/section4.htm
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| | Route of Administration for Epoetin Therapy: Are There Differences in Cardiovascular-Related Outcomes and Mortality? |
| | The goal of MTPPI's research in this area is to examine cardiovascular-related and other clinical patient outcomes related to route of administration of epoetin therapy among maintenance hemodialysis patients. | | | Route of Administration for Epoetin Therapy: Are There Differences in Cardiovascular-Related Outcomes and Mortality? | | | A nonprofit organization dedicated to research, education, and the dissemination of information regarding current and emerging medical technologies. |
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http://www.mtppi.org/rhe_cv.asp
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| | K/DOQI Update 2000 |
| | Patients should be educated regarding the improved Hgb/Hct response, that is, achieving the target Hgb/Hct with less Epoetin. | | | Thus, from a physiologic standpoint, Epoetin therapy should be initiated subcutaneously two to three times per week. | | | Patients could be encouraged to participate in their own care by doing self-injections of Epoetin. |
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http://www.kidney.org/professionals/kdoqi/guidelines_updates/doqiupan_iv.html
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| | Characteristics of Primary Heroin Injection and Inhalation Admissions: 2002 |
| | The most common route of administration among primary heroin admissions was injection (62 percent), followed by inhalation (33 percent), smoking (2 percent), oral (2 percent), and other (1 percent). | | | Primary prescription and OTC drug treatment admissions were slightly more likely than all treatment admission to be first-time admissions (47 vs. 44 percent) and slightly less likely to have been in treatment five or more times previously (7 vs. 11 percent). | | | The DASIS report: Heroin - changes in how it is used. |
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http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/heroin/heroin.htm
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| | Administration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Administrators, broadly speaking, engage in a common set of functions to meet the organization's goals. | | | On some estates, even under an intestacy, it is not clear who are the next-of-kin, and probate research may be required to find the entitled beneficiaries. | | | Management is viewed as a subset of administration, specifically associated with the technical and mundane elements within an organization's operation. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administration
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| | Parenteral Administration of Opioids |
| | When asked about this practice, some have guiltily admitted that they are tired of being hassled when ordering opioids via the SC route by other members of the health care team, attending physicians, nurses, and pharmacists, who question this behavior. | | | This may be useful if rapidly titrating doses is necessary or in treating acute pain. | | | Rarely should an IV be placed simply for the management of chronic pain. |
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http://www.mywhatever.com/cifwriter/library/70/4929.html
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| | Routes of Opioid Administration |
| | As mentioned in the section on pain strategy, having considered specific side effects to be avoid and "two-fers," the route of therapy is usually a key consideration in choosing a particular agent. | | | It would be safest to assume a high degree of bioavailability and then titrate the medication up, based on patient response. | | | Absorption of some drugs may be limited if the patient is vomiting or has significant intestinal obstruction. |
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http://www.mywhatever.com/cifwriter/library/70/4928.html
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| | WSAVA 2001 - Perioperative Use of Opioids in Dogs and Cats |
| | Because the opioids can produce profound analgesia, it is not always necessary to maintain the patient at an inhalational concentration that provides good muscle relaxation as the “end-point” for adequate anesthesia. | | | Fentanyl patches have been developed which allow for transdermal penetration over a long period to provide long-term (several days) relief for painful patients. | | | Sedation is most common with oxymorphone and morphine and can be profound in some patients at high doses. |
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http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00009.htm
(912 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Additionally, local or systemic analgesia must be considered for all other surgical procedures and scientific or animal welfare justification provided for all studies where animals will not be provided pain relief. | | | Recent advances in animal physiology indicate that analgesic administration should begin prior to the actual surgical procedure. | | | It is recommended that the agent be given either as part of the pre-anesthesia regimen or just following anesthetic induction. |
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http://www.iacuc.arizona.edu/iacucforms/surgicalprocedform.doc
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| | Accepted Medical Use of Medical Cannabis: Route of Administration |
| | With regard to whole plant preparations, the use of vaporizers and sublingual use (in the studies by GW Pharmaceuticals) has been proposed to avoid concerns over harms associated with smoking. | | | Preliminary studies using rectal, sublingual and transdermal routes indicate that these alternatives to the two most common forms of ingestion may be utilized medicinally in the future, further reducing the possible risks associated with the administration of cannabis or single cannabinoids" (Grotenhermen 2001). | | | A combination of oral use and inhalation may be meaningful in several indications, decreasing the specific risks of both routes. |
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http://www.drugscience.org/amu/amu_administration.htm
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| | Heroin Update: Effects of Administration Examined |
| | Both Dr. Wiebel and Dr. Cone say they believe that the increasing purity of heroin also is probably one factor that accounts for the reports of higher rates of snorting and smoking heroin. | | | In addition, some researchers have noted that snorting and smoking heroin may be growing in popularity as alternatives to injecting the drug. | | | Cone says the findings suggest that people who smoke heroin may do so because the pharmacological effects are similar to those they obtain by injecting the drug. |
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http://www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol10N4/HeroinUpdate.html
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| | [Changes in heroin administration route and frequency of human immunodeficiency virus infection] |
| | RESULTS: Seven hundred ten drug users were included in the study. | | | The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the way of drug administration in a series of DA individuals in the province of Cadiz, Spain, and the evolution of the frequency of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in these patients. | | | BACKGROUND: Self-administration of drugs by different intravenous routes may induce a reduction in the organic complications of drug addiction (DA). |
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http://www.aegis.com/aidsline/1995/aug/M9580861.html
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| | Nanotech News - Route of Administration Affects Tumor Uptake of Nanoparticle Anticancer Drug Formulation |
| | To facilitate these pharmacokinetic studies, the researchers labeled the liposomes and free drug with technetium- | | | In particular, stomach and brain levels of the nanoparticle were significantly higher than free drug after intraperitoneal injection, suggesting that this route of administration might be useful for delivering drug-loaded nanoparticles to brain tumors — etoposide is currently used to treat brain and stomach cancer. | | | Route of Administration Affects Tumor Uptake of Nanoparticle Anticancer Drug Formulation |
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http://nano.cancer.gov/news_center/nanotech_news_2005-06-27d.asp
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| | ALZET® - Route of Agent Administration |
| | Use the following ALZET forms to request technical information, place orders, or to share your comments and feedback. | | | Agents Administered Route of Agent Administration Research Discipline Special Interest Bibliographies |
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http://www.alzet.com/bibliography/route.php
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| | Drug Administration |
| | Clean the injection site and use a sterile needle for all injections. | | | There are two key elements: (1) route of administration (the way you get it into the animal), and (2) dosage (the amount you give to the animal and the interval at which you give it). | | | Use the labeled method of administration least likely to create a drug residue, such as, intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular. |
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http://www.dqacenter.org/producer/prod08.htm
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| | Diabetes Monitor - upcoming diabetes medications |
| | IGF treatment can prevent the death of 80% of brain neurons which otherwise die following hypoxic-ischemic injury, a model of stroke. | | | Also, "subcutaneous administration of IGFs can increase the rate of nerve regeneration, whereas regeneration is retarded by an antiserum that blocks the IGFs produced in nerves. | | | Route of Administration: oral (2.5 mg and 5 mg tablets) |
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http://www.diabetesmonitor.com/newdrugs.htm
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| | FR Doc 05-5978 |
| | FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information about the public meeting contact: Suzanne O'Shea, Office of Combination Products, Food and Drug Administration (HFG-3), suite 200, 15800 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855, 301-427-1934, FAX: 301-427-1935, e-mail: combination@fda.gov. | | | Company B is willing to conduct all necessary studies to demonstrate that drug product A is safe and effective when delivered by the new route of administration by device B for the new indication. | | | Background An increasing number of combined uses for drugs and devices, drugs and biological products, or devices and biological products are being developed where the two products are independently approved, manufactured, and distributed. |
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http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20051800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2005/05-5978.htm
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| | Wrong route errors: Are you heading in the wrong direction? |
| | Alert staff to additional drug information and warnings for all non-formulary and/or infrequently used medications | | | Here is a brief outline of the problems identified regarding wrong route errors and what you can do to minimize the opportunity for error in your institution. | | | Following are a list of problems identified and suggestions for what you can do to minimize the opportunity for error in your institution |
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http://www.massnurses.org/news/2000/000010/mederr.htm
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| | Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics |
| | As a consequence, administration of some drugs by the intramuscular route results in a slow release of drug from the site. | | | Technically, only those routes wherein drug is ultimately absorbed from the intestine represent enteral routes of administration (such as oral and rectal). | | | Whenever the route of administration is such that there is an organ of elimination between the administration site and the systemic circulation, there is the potential for a first-pass effect. |
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http://www.uiowa.edu/~c046138/tut-route.htm
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| | Module 2: Pain Management: Overview of Management Options |
| | Intravenous administration is indicated for postoperative pain relief or other circumstances when GI absorption is restricted, patients cannot swallow, or rapid (or closely tailored) effects are desirable. | | | One of the longstanding myths regarding opioid therapy is that IV administration is more effective than oral administration. | | | Neuraxial administration is reserved for a small subset of patients and is delivered intrathecally or epidurally. |
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http://www.ama-cmeonline.com/pain_mgmt/module02/04pharm/09_01.htm
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| | Injections of Koi |
| | This is the result of extensive research, clinical trials and the techniques used in hundreds of millions of finfish every year. | | | First, with the IP route of administration, it is obvious that an increased chance exists of perforating an organ because in an IM injection the needle is penetrating only muscle tissue and is removed from close proximity to the organs. | | | This inflammatory response within the muscle can result in granulomatous lesions (ulcerations) that can resolve itself by rupture through the skin layer, resulting in scar formation or infection. |
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http://www.akca.org/library/inject.htm
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| | Premedication |
| | The response to atropine sulfate given by aerosol and intramuscular route to patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy. | | | Nevertheless, it is reasonable to consider this route of administration in those patients with heart disease (e.g., sick sinus syndrome) in whom there is danger of IM atropine producing a serious arrhythmia, and those with a narrow-angle glaucoma in whom IM atropine could cause an acute rise in intraocular pressure. | | | There is no controversy about atropine except for the route of administration. |
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http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/pulmonar/procedur/bratr.htm
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| | Pharmacy Times: Effective Route of Vancomycin Administration |
| | Because of the relatively high cost of vancomycin, it is important that the medication is utilized only when necessary and with the correct route of administration. | | | For the treatment of MRSA infection, IV vancomycin should be used. | | | I would like to bring to the attention of my colleagues and pharmacists the appropriate treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas colitis caused by Clostridium difficile. |
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http://www.pharmacytimes.com/article.cfm?ID=1319
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| | CTD, Inc, Cyclodextrin Resource: - Route of Administration |
| | Sometimes, acute but reversible adverse effects are observed and the studies must address acute vs. chronic use as well as maximum safe concentrations. | | | CTD makes available as a report available for purchase,information on tox/safety studies done with all the Cyclodextrins. | | | The main causes of toxicity caused by Cyclodextrins are related to effects on sensitive cell membranes and bulk effects (such as precipitation). |
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http://www.cyclodex.com/about.asp?page_id=5&n=5
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| | FHWA Route Log and Finder List |
| | The Milepost numbering system: All Interstate routes are mileposted beginning at the most westerly or southerly point. | | | This is because three-digit numbers can be used in more than one State. | | | As explained previously, the same number may be used in several States, but cannot be duplicated within a State's borders. |
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http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/routefinder
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| | Diabetic ketoacidosis: no clear difference between route of insulin administration. |
| | The small size of the study and the short follow-up means that significant benefit or harm from using one particular route may have been missed. | | | The route used to administer insulin in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis had no clear effect on the time taken to return to biochemical normality or the amount of insulin required. | | | Fisher JN, Shahshahani MN, Kitabchi AE: Diabetic ketoacidosis: low-dose insulin therapy by various routes. |
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http://www.eboncall.org/CATs/2066.htm
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| | Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Inadequate Immune Response Among Public Safety Workers Receiving Intradermal ... |
| | In one study, the immune response was equivalent in both the IM and ID groups (9); however, the gender composition of these groups differed. | | | Age- and sex-specific variations in immune response may partially account for the poor immune responses to ID vaccination programs described in this report. | | | Because ID administration of hepatitis B vaccine induces a poor immune response, especially in older men, any potential savings in costs resulting from ID administration of the recommended vaccine dose will likely be negated by the costs of required postvaccination testing and additional vaccination of nonresponders. |
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http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00015006.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) - 4.1.02. | | | Methadone use planned as part of treatment, by route of administration | | | Route of heroin administration and planned use of methadone |
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http://wwwdasis.samhsa.gov/teds00/5.4a.htm
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| | Federal Aviation Administration En Route Welcome |
| | We must ensure that critical automated decision support systems are developed, deployed and integrated into the National Airspace System on time and on budget. | | | Click here to view the next generation of En Route Modernization as seen at the Air Traffic Control Association Convention. | | | Our systems must perform 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. |
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http://www.faa.gov/aua/enroute/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.welcome
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| | Federal Aviation Administration En Route Products |
| | En Route System Modifications include efforts to refresh the Display System commercial off-the-shelf components when they become obsolete or experience supportability or maintainability problems. | | | Initial Academy Training System will replace the medium fidelity training system currently used to train Air Traffic Controller Specialists at the FAA Academy. | | | ERAM will enable improvements in airspace capacity and efficiency that cannot be realized with the current 30 year-old system. |
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http://www.faa.gov/aua/enroute/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.products
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| | Windows - Network administration - Trace route |
| | This program combines ping, WHOIS and traceroute functions. | | | This ping utility allows system administrators and Webmasters to check network... |
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http://www.gfn.org/tucows/trace95_rating.html
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| | Route Administration Manager for IPv6 Routing Protocols (RAMIPv6) |
| | Using this site means you accept its terms | | | Route Administration Manager for IPv6 Routing Protocols (RAMIPv6) | | | The Route Administration Manager for IPv6 Routing Protocols (RAMIPv6) software is a routing daemon that implements multiple IPv6 routing unicast protocols on the HP-UX operating system. |
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http://docs.hp.com/en/5990-8153/ch07s24.html
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| | Package Type: FDA Preferred Name and NCI Thesaurus Codes |
| | CDER Data Standards Manual data element number: C-DRG-00301 | | | NCI concept code for route of administration: C38114 | | | Route of Administration: FDA Preferred Name and NCI Thesaurus Codes |
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http://www.fda.gov/oc/datacouncil/splncicodes.html
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| | Building -Jack K. Williams Administration Building |
| | This document is maintained by the office of the Vice President for Administration, last updated: 9/20/04 | | | Staff Parking: Lots 15&16, 54& 55 Additional Lots 6 &51-See Campus Parking map | | | Vice Chancellor and Dean, Agriculture and Life Sciences - 1st floor |
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http://www.tamu.edu/vpa/administration.html
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| | Route of Administration |
| | MicLab supports 3 routes of administration and up to 3 compartments. |
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http://www.medimatics.nl/products/kinlab/miclab/MicLabHelp/routeofadministration.htm
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