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| | Rotavirus - Epidemiology |
 | | Rotavirus can infect people of all ages, as well as many other animals, however, in humans its primary targets are infants, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems, as is seen in AIDS. | | | The burden of diarrheal disease can and must be reduced by improving sanitation and educating parents on rehydration therapy to prevent child deaths from dehydration and developing vaccines to prevent disease. | | | Our website focuses on rotavirus, which is a primary cause of diarrhea among infants worldwide. |
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http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/rotavirus/Epidemiology.htm
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| | Rotavirus |
| | The most effective therapy is to encourage sick children to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. | | | Other than vaccination, there is no effective way to completely eliminate rotavirus infection or its spread. | | | Children with severe diarrhea can lose body fluids very quickly and may need to be hospitalized for special therapy to replace fluids and restore chemical balance. |
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http://www.astdhpphe.org/infect/rot.html
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| | Rotavirus - Pathology |
| | Rotavirus infection leads to structural changes in the intestinal epithelium. | | | One study comparing the effectiveness of these techniques found that EIA, second round PCR, and EM were the most sensitive methods for identifying group A rotavirus. | | | A natural immune state to rotavirus does not exist. |
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http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/rotavirus/Pathology.htm
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| | Stories of Discovery: Rotavirus Vaccine: Preventing Severe Diarrheal Disease in Infants |
| | One year later, study results showed that the rotavirus vaccine was safe and reduced severe diarrhea in children by 88 percent and severe dehydration by 77 percent. | | | They concluded that rotavirus is the single most important cause of life-threatening diarrhea in children younger than 2 years, affecting approximately 130 million infants and children worldwide. | | | In 1995, researchers determined that breast-feeding did not interfere with the effectiveness of the rotavirus vaccine, an important finding for ensuring good nutrition in infants. |
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http://www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/discovery/rotav.htm
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| | Rotavirus |
| | Call the doctor immediately if your child seems to be dehydrated. | | | To prevent dehydration, follow your doctor's guidance about what your child should eat and drink. | | | Your child's doctor will have the most current information. |
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http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_viral/rotavirus.html
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| | Rotavirus Infections |
| | Across the world, rotavirus is responsible for the death of as many as 600,000 children each year. | | | Specific treatment for rotavirus will be determined by your child's physician based on: | | | There is no cure for rotavirus, so treatment of the disease is supportive (aimed at treating the symptoms present). |
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http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/peds_infectious/rota.cfm
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| | Rotavirus lecture |
| | There are 10 rotavirus serotypes at this point but only serotypes 1-4 are epidemiologically important for human disease throughout the world. | | | Functionally defines the ability of immune responses to one virus to neutralize another strain. | | | Similar experiments with rotavirus genes suggest that protective immune responses may be achieved by this approach. |
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http://www.uhmc.sunysb.edu/microbiology/rotavirus.html
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| | eMedicine - Pediatrics, Rotavirus : Article by David D Nguyen, MD |
| | Medicine is a constantly changing science and not all therapies are clearly established. | | | Almost every child 5 years and younger at some point will be infected with rotavirus in both developed countries and developing countries. | | | A secretory component of the diarrhea is present, with increased motility further exacerbating the illness; this increased motility appears to be secondary to virus-induced functional changes at the villus epithelium. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic401.htm
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| | RotaShield |
| | CDC Recommends Postponement of Rotavirus Vaccine Due to Bowel Obstruction Among Some Infants. | | | intestinal problem associated with the use of a rotavirus vaccine | | | "CDC Gets More Cases of Illnesses Tied to Rotavirus Vaccine" |
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http://www.whale.to/vaccines/rotavirus.html
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| | adn.com Health & Science : Rotavirus: Influenza's wicked stepsister |
| | The vaccines are safe, according to the studies, with no increased risk of the intestinal disorder. | | | New hope for a vaccine has arisen, with the results of huge clinical trials that tested two new rotavirus vaccines on more than 120,000 infants. | | | Rotaviruses are a family of germs named for their wheel-shaped appearances when viewed through a high-powered microscope. |
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http://www.adn.com/24hour/healthscience/story/3087183p-11786978c.html
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| | MedlinePlus: Rotavirus Infections |
| | The primary NIH organization for research on Rotavirus Infections is the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases | | | NIAID Rotavirus Vaccine Licensed for Commercialization (05/04/2004, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) | | | Vaccine Information: Rotavirus (National Network for Immunization Information) |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/rotavirusinfections.html
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| | Dr. Koop - Rotavirus Infection- Health Encyclopedia and Reference |
| | You should promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about your health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a fitness regimen. | | | Rotavirus replicates in the epithelial (lining) cells of the intestine and is a cause of acute gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestines) with diarrhea, particularly in infants. | | | Are there any tests that need to be done to diagnose rotavirus versus some other disease? |
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http://www.drkoop.com/encyclopedia/93/58/Rotavirus_Infection.html
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| | Rotavirus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The virus has not been isolated from any food associated with an outbreak, and no satisfactory method is available for routine analysis of food. | | | Specific diagnosis of the disease is made by identification of the virus in the patient's stool. | | | Encyclopedia of Children's Health: Rotavirus Infections: Description, causes and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, prevention, parental concerns, and resources. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotavirus
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| | Children's Vaccine Program - Rotavirus In Depth |
| | This can be treated with rehydration therapy, ie. | | | The severe symptoms and fatal outcome from rotavirus diarrhea are due to dehydration, the acute loss of fluid and electrolytes (ie. | | | For children who are not severely dehydrated, oral rehydration solution is the treatment of choice whereas for children who are severely dehydrated, in shock, and are unable to drink, intravenous therapy can be lifesaving. |
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http://www.childrensvaccine.org/html/v_rota_id.htm
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| | Rotavirus vaccine for infants gets FDA nod |
| | A study of the effect of RotaTeq on 70,000 toddlers from 11 countries found it to be safe with regard to intussusception. | | | GlaxoSmithKline is also in the process of producing a rotavirus vaccine. | | | Even though the rotavirus causes mild symptoms among American children, many children in developing countries succumb to the disease. |
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http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/5241.html
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| | Viral Gastroenteritis |
| | Viral gastroenteritis outbreaks can occur in institutional settings, such as schools, child care facilities, and nursing homes, and can occur in other group settings, such as banquet halls, cruise ships, dormitories, and campgrounds. | | | Generally, viral gastroenteritis is diagnosed by a physician on the basis of the symptoms and medical examination of the patient. | | | Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of diarrhea in infants and young children under 5 years old. |
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http://webmd.com/content/article/5/1680_51287.htm?...
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| | [No title] |
| | “ Comparison of Nine Commercial Immunoassays for the Detection of Rotavirus in Fecal Specimens.” Journal of Clinical Microbiology. | | | A positive reaction indicates that the patient is shedding detectable amounts of rotavirus antigen. | | | Expected Results Normal healthy individuals should be free of rotavirus and should test negative. |
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http://www.rapidtest.com/Rotavirus_8306-3.doc
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| | New Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Helps Prevent Severe Childhood Diarrhea and Vomiting |
| | The vaccine was studied in nearly 7,000 infants, including approximately 2,000 who were given the vaccine in placebo-controlled trials both in the U.S. and abroad. | | | Rotavirus infections are the most common cause of severe diarrhea and vomiting in infants in the United States. | | | In this country, approximately 80% of children develop symptoms of rotavirus infection before they are five years old, with the most severe cases occurring before the age of three. |
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http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/NEWS/NEW00652.html
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| | Rotavirus |
| | As always, you should talk to your child's doctor about the risks and benefits of the rotavirus vaccine. | | | Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea and gastroenteritis in children. | | | Intussception is a condition in which the bowel "telescopes" into itself; it sometimes happens for no apparent reason, but can occur in conjunction with certain diseases as well (although rotavirus infection itself has not been shown to be associated with intussception). |
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http://www.drreddy.com/shots/rotavirus.html
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| | Rotavirus - DrGreene.com |
| | Of its many benefits, Lactobacillus is most effective at preventing and treating rotavirus and other forms of viral gastroenteritis. | | | The diagnosis is often based on the history and the physical exam. | | | Day cares, preschools, and homes with young children are invisible forests of rotavirus. |
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http://www.drgreene.com/21_1174.html
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| | US approves rotavirus vaccine- The Times of India |
| | In one of the largest clinical trials in history, Merck, the medicine's maker tested the vaccine in more than 70,000 children that showed it was safe and remarkably effective. | | | Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus that causes severe dehydrating diarrhoea in infants and young children. | | | No comment has been posted for this article yet. |
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http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1401438.cms
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| | NIAID Rotavirus Vaccine, May 4, 2004 Press Release - National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
| | The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), announced today a new license agreement aimed at helping to prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths annually from rotavirus diarrhea in children living in developing countries. | | | Later, he and his colleagues in NIAID developed the rotavirus vaccine that was tested in the United States and abroad in collaborative studies. | | | The resulting dehydration can be reversed through oral rehydration therapy or, in more serious cases, through hospitalization and intravenous fluids. |
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http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/may2004/niaid-04.htm
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| | Rotavirus Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment by MedicineNet.com |
| | Rotavirus Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment by MedicineNet.com | | | In addition to the symptoms of rotavirus infection discussed above, parents should be aware of the symptoms of dehydration that can occur with rotavirus infection or with other serious conditions. | | | Rotavirus infection can be associated with severe dehydration in infants and children. |
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http://www.medicinenet.com/rotavirus/article.htm
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| | Rotavirus Infection |
| | Although reinfection with rotavirus may occur, the infected person usually does not develop symptoms. | | | Each year, Medical College of Wisconsin physicians care for more than 180,000 patients, representing nearly 500,000 patient visits. | | | No specific treatment for rotavirus infection is available. |
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http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/955151609.html
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| | Rotavirus in Children - Keep Kids Healthy |
| | Although there is no cure or medication for rotavirus infections, treatment with extra fluids is recommended and can prevent dehydration. | | | Since there is no treatment and most children recover on their own, there is usually no reason to confirm that a case of acute diarrhea is caused by the rotavirus. | | | Rotavirus infections are very common, especially in children under two years old, with watery diarrhea being the most common symptom. |
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http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/infectionsguide/rotavirus.html
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| | Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Rotavirus infections |
| | The rotavirus infection is diagnosed by identifying the virus in the patient's stool. | | | The infection is highly contagious and may lead to severe dehydration (loss of body fluids) and even deaths. | | | The main symptoms of the rotavirus infection are fever, stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea (this could lead to severe dehydration). |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0012/ai_2601001206
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| | rotavirus |
| | Rotavirus (not rot-O-virus) is the leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in children. | | | An oral vaccine against rotavirus (Rotashield®) was licensed and recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta; it was subsequently withdrawn from use when a possible association with an increased risk of intussusception was discovered. |
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http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/R/rotavirus.html
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| | New rotavirus vaccine seems better than previous one |
| | Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis (diarrhea) in infants and young children in the United States. | | | In the US, rotavirus is responsible for approximately 5%_10% of all diarrhea among children less than 5 years of age. | | | A new rotavirus vaccine, Rotarix, does not increase the risk of serious bowel blockages, apparently. |
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http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=15721
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| | Rotavirus Vaccine Program |
| | Global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease in children. | | | The mission of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program is to reduce child morbidity and mortality from diarrheal disease by accelerating the availability of rotavirus vaccines appropriate for use in developing countries. | | | New England Journal of Medicine publishes rotavirus vaccine safety/efficacy studies |
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http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org
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| | Catalyst: Rotavirus - ABC TV Science |
| | Two new Rotavirus vaccines are on the way - Drug giants, Merck and Glaxo Smith Kline are both finalising development. | | | I would like to see some arrangement whereby a vaccine could be developed more for the human capital than the financial capital outcomes and we just don't have that. | | | But turning this single strain into a Rotavirus vaccine has proved much more difficult than they expected. |
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http://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/s1180571.htm
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| | Rotavirus |
| | Rotavirus particles visualized by immune electron microscopy in stool filtrate from child with acute gastroenteritis. | | | Schematic demonstration of production of rhesus rotavirus (RRV), human rotavirus (HRV) x rhesus rotavirus (RRV)reassortant quadrivalent vaccine with VP7 serotype 1, 2, 3, and 4 specificity. | | | This contour plot was derived using the median value for time of peak activity for each laboratory. |
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http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol4no4/parasharG.htm
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| | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Rotavirus antigen test |
| | Normally, rotavirus is not found in the stool. | | | Because rotavirus is easily transmitted from person to person, thoroughly wash your hands after contact with a child who is infected or thought to be infected. | | | Rotavirus is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in children. |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003349.htm
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| | Bloomberg.com: U.S. |
| | Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children. | | | RotaTeq reduced hospitalizations for rotavirus by 96 percent compared with a placebo in a study that looked at more than 68,000 children, Penny Heaton, head of Merck& clinical vaccine research, told the panel in December. | | | Most of the children who die of rotavirus are younger than two and live in poor countries where they lack access to medical care, according to the World Health Organization's Web site. |
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http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&sid=amdZ2rPCUsUU&refer=us
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| | Update 1: Rotavirus Vaccine for Infants Approved - Forbes.com |
| | Merck officials have said the vaccine is meant to be effective for two years, because an older child who gets rotavirus is much less vulnerable to dehydration and other severe consequences of the illness, and therefore less likely to need hospitalization. | | | Children would still probably catch rotavirus and develop natural immunities to it. | | | "While some children experience mild symptoms of rotavirus, infection can be severe and lead to dehydration that can be fatal." |
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http://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/ap/2006/02/03/ap2499592.html
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| | rotavirus |
| | These histological changes were associated with a paradoxical increase in basal fluid absorption by both the ileum and jejunum of infected animals although values for basal short-circuit current (SCC) and resistance were similar. | | | We suggest that reduced responsiveness to the secretory effect of prostaglandin E2 and increased nutrient uptake may limit diarrhea that would otherwise be expected to occur considering the changes in mucosal architecture observed. | | | The present study investigated changes in small intestinal epithelial transport in rabbits infected with rotavirus. |
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http://www.usd.edu/~wpercy/rotavirus.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Though no vaccine against rotavirus is currently on the market, several are being developed and rotavirus is a high priority for developing countries where 85 percent of the deaths occur, most from severe dehydration. | | | Experts including Dr. Ruth Bishop, discoverer of rotavirus, Dr. Albert Kapikian, inventor of the rotavirus vaccine, and many others are in Mexico to discuss all aspects of rotavirus. | | | The rotavirus symposium was convened by the Pan American Health Organization, (PAHO/WHO), the Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute, the CDC, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health. |
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http://www.paho.org/English/DD/PIN/pr040707b.htm
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| | All Headline News - FDA Approves Merck's Rotavirus Vaccine - February 5, 2006 |
| | Washington, D.C. (AHN) - The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Friday approved a vaccine made to protect babies against rotavirus, a common gastrointestinal illness. | | | Up to 70,000 infants and toddlers are hospitalized each year for dehydration and other complications from rotavirus, which causes severe diarrhea and vomiting, reports the AP. | | | Merck andamp; Co. is manufacturing the drug, which will be sold as RotaTeq. |
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http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7002248093
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| | Possible Use of Biological Warfare Agent Rotavirus by Iraq Against the Kurds |
| | Immunity develops in children who have survived the infection. | | | Mixed with other biologicals and as a binary agent, (Cholera) even used in limited singularity warfare agent, it would cause major deaths and illness among children and infants. | | | However Iraq Rotavirus Program has been largely ignored. |
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http://www.iraqwatch.org/perspectives/hughes-rotavirus-070302.htm
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