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| | Questioned document examination - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The process of examination proceeds from the principle of identification and can be expressed as: "Two writings are the product of one person if the similarities, when taken in combination, are sufficiently individual and there are no fundamental differences." | | | Apprenticeship has become the widespread manner in which almost all examiners are now taught. | | | It would be very difficult to include this degree of practical experience in a normal academic program. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Questioned_document_examination
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| | ACFE Article: From the Naked Eye to DNA, Part One: Documents Contain More Evidence Than You Think |
| | Fraud examiners are conditioned by our education and experience to look at the numbers, words, and notations on a document to try to fathom their meaning. | | | The examiner uses subjective methods derived from training and experience to form an expert opinion. | | | Some examiners will do everything they can to make their opinion coincide with the interests of their clients. |
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http://www.cfenet.com/Resources/Articles/ViewArticle.asp?ArticleID=209
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| | for.doc.n |
| | In view of this distinction the terms "genuine" and "fraudulent" will be applied from the point of view of the document examiner, because he has to base his views entirely on what evidence he can adduce from the documents presented to him for examination. | | | Each writer is identifiable by his numerals in the same general manner and subject to the same conditions as have been previously outlined in respect to the identification of cursive script and handprinting. | | | In Australia and New Zealand there is little specialisation mainly due to the acute shortage of properly trained examiners to examine the current case loads, let alone specialise in a particular area. |
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http://www.pimall.com/nais/n.foren.html
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| | Evidentiary Document Examination Adelaide Australia |
| | What it Is Evidentiary Document Examination is a scientific examination of a certain kind of physical evidence, a document, concerning which some suspicion exists or some fact is desired to be proved. | | | The examination is in part a learning process in which the examiner has to become familiar with the handwriting. | | | Far more often the examiner senses some problem the reason of which is not clear, something that does not add up. |
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http://www.view.net.au
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| | Contact a Document Examiner |
| | Forensic Document Examination relies upon a combination of principles used successfully for the past century, and techiques and technology that are at the leading edge of 21st century science. | | | Study the FAQs, typical document examination applications, and basic theory about handwriting identification for an overview of this profession. | | | The Microscope is still the most basic instrument used by document examiners, other than the human eye. |
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http://www.qdewill.com
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| | qdocs |
| | Graphology, the study of handwriting to determine one's personality traits, is not handwriting analysis. | | | True handwriting analysis involves painstaking examination of the design, shape and structure of handwriting to determine authorship of a given handwriting sample. | | | The basic principle underlying handwriting analysis is that no two people write the exact same thing the exact same way. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~thekeither/Forensic/page4.htm
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| | Advances in Document Examination: The Video Spectral Comparator 2000 by Mokrzycki (Forensic Science Communications, ... |
| | The examiner should be aware that the spectrum analysis feature is only a preliminary screening tool and should not be considered a replacement for chemical analysis. | | | For example, when performing a torn edge examination of two postage stamps using the transmitted light and split-screen features, the examiner is not only able to link the outermost edges that correspond when placed next to each but also those that overlap. | | | This feature can be used alone or in combination with other lighting options, such as transmitted light, to visualize concealed watermarks. |
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http://www.fbi.gov/programs/lab/fsc/backissu/oct1999/mokrzyck.htm
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| | Forensic Dentistry: Issues in Human and Animal Bite mark Analysis by Mike Bowers |
| | This document is not meant to stifle the development of new valid techniques that meet the criteria of the scientific method. | | | The use of other methods of documenting the Bitemark evidence should be in addition to these techniques. | | | These new techniques should be backed up by the use of accepted techniques and should satisfy the basic concepts of the scientific method. |
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http://www.forensic.to/webhome/bitemarks
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| | Questioned Document Examination |
| | Among QDE experts, the use is made of many different scientific principles from a variety of disciplines, and one of the first attempts at basic principles appeared in Albert Osborn's Questioned Documents in 1910, grounded in handwriting comparison as evidence of individual characteristics (paraphrased below): | | | Historically, QDE has been somewhat of an inclusive profession, even to the point where so-called pseudo-experts (in palmistry and fortune-telling) were sometimes welcome, and even today, it suffers from a bit of identity crisis in that at least eight (8) different, or related, areas can be identified: | | | Also, other circumstances affect writing such as age, arthritis, emotional distress, medication, intoxication, and corrective vision. |
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http://faculty.ncwc.edu/Mstevens/425/lecture05.htm
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| | Questioned Document Examination FAQs |
| | The actual methods of examination are the same, but factors are weighed differently when the structure of the writing varies among languages. | | | In such situations, examination of the original is critical. | | | There is a separate field of study called "Graphology" which deals with personality and handwriting. |
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http://www.qdewill.com/qdefaq.htm
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| | QDE |
| | A nuts-and-bolts approach to document study in 5 parts. | | | Classic text recommended as much for its treatment of the basics of document examination as for its technical information. | | | Presentation of "Stylometric Analysis," a means of identifying authorship on the basis of certain stylistic elements. |
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http://chaiusa.org/Book_Nook/QDE.html
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| | Tracking the White Salamander - Chapter 5 |
| | Document examiner George Throckmorton said that he examined the negative Hofmann obtained and found it to be the source of the printed notes: "This negative was used to make a plate. | | | One of the techniques that archivists use is...to deacidify the document. | | | One could probably argue that Hofmann just became lazy and no longer desired to exercise his calligraphic skills. |
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http://www.utlm.org/onlinebooks/trackingch5.htm
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| | Majikthise : The epistemology of document examination |
| | Part of the expertise of a questioned document examiner lies in knowing what tends to vary and what tends to stay the same. | | | In fact, without the typography claims, all the critics are doing with their homemade Word demos is pointing out that a similar but not identical document can be produced in Word. | | | Engaging in a more productive discussion over who faked them is a better use of your -- clearly finite -- intellectual capacity. |
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http://majikthise.typepad.com/majikthise_/2004/09/the_epistemolog.html
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| | Questioned Document Section |
| | The goals of the Section continue to include: supporting research in the discipline; providing a cost-effective platform for training and education; fostering exchanges of ideas and information between practitioners; and in general, promoting the improvement of professional expertise in the discipline of Questioned/Forensic Documents Examination. | | | This structured training program involves relevant literature study, practical experience within an established laboratory, and instruction from a practicing examiner. | | | Qualified examiners in this field possess a four-year baccalaureate degree and have undergone a two-year training program. |
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http://maafs.org/questioneddocuments.htm
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| | Institute for Criminal Justice Ethics |
| | To admit frankly that certain questions cannot be answered because of the nature of the problem, the lack material, or insufficient opportunity for examination. | | | 2) To keep informed on all new developments and processes in document examination by constant study and research, with a full realization that accuracy is possible only through competence. | | | The American Society of Questioned Document Examiners has for its purpose the promotion of justice through the discovery and proof of facts relating to questioned documents, and to maintain and advance the technical and ethical standards of the profession of questioned document examination. |
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http://www.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/cje/html/codes/codes-forensic/asqde.html
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| | TSWG.gov - Investigative Support and Forensics |
| | The latter effort will ultimately allow examiners to design more sensitive visualization techniques. | | | This focus area includes scientific and technical efforts not otherwise assigned to other Investigative Support and Forensic focus areas. | | | Areas of concern are processes improving multiple techniques that are tedious, cumbersome, toxic, expensive, perishable and/or non-portable. |
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http://www.tswg.gov/tswg/isf/isf_ma.htm
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| | The News-Review - Features |
| | While explaining how modern forensic science evolved and how it is practiced today, Bennewate shows the class photos from some of the death scenes he has investigated. | | | Fortunately, the crime scene is staged -- an exercise prepared for them in an Umpqua Community College class called "Criminalistics: Introduction to Forensic Science." The body in the trash can is a first aid training mannequin, and the blood bears more than a passing resemblance to ketchup. | | | Bennewate investigated hundreds of deaths during his tenure in the medical examiner's office from 1996 to 2003 -- an experience that has left him with plenty of fodder for teaching the forensic science class each spring. |
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http://www.oregonnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040516/FEATURES/105170010
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| | Fingerprint Analysis, Handwriting Examination, Questioned Document Examination, Character Analysis |
| | Preparation of graphological records on the basis of analysis of handwriting on the character analysis of handwriting which can be utilised by corporate offices, any institution intending to engage services of employees on confidentional and sensitive positions, prospective friends, clients and even partners on marital basis. | | | Fingerprint Analysis, Handwriting Examination, Questioned Document Examination, Character Analysis | | | The examination of the questioned document may be in repect of the signatures, initials, writings, Indented writings, fingerprints (clear, partial, smudged or latent), water-marks, seals, rubber stamps, revenue stamps, printed matter, typed matter, age of ink and the paper, sequence of strokes, interpolations, alterations, erasures and the nature of pen used etc.etc. |
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http://www.handwritingfingerprintexperts.com/services.htm
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| | ISHS - Handwriting Analysis Intermediate Course |
| | Advanced Concepts in Handwriting: Differentiating between medical and psychological problems; relationship of graphology to questioned document examination; the Kanfer cancer test. | | | The Analysis: Student does complete analysis on a handwriting of their choice as well as one which was analyzed by other graphologists from seven different schools and compares results; tips on going into the graphology business. |
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http://www.handwriting.org/ishs/ishscrs2.html
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| | Questioned Document Examination |
| | We comment only on documents presented to us and depend upon our clients to provide accurate information. | | | He has three years experience analyzing handwriting strokes and letter formation to determine different personality traits. | | | On original documents, factors such as pressure of writing are also useful. |
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http://www.tlchandwriting.com/questioneddocumentexamination.htm
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| | Forensic Document Examiner, Handwriting Expert |
| | If you are a person who recognizes that everything is not all that it seems on the surface, you are at the right place. | | | Attorneys, bankers, insurance adjusters, business owners, security professionals, human resource directors and everyone else who creates, signs or accepts documents. |
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http://www.anagraphics.com
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| | 1581 - DOCUMENT EXAMINER II, AUDITOR-CONTROLLER |
| | Prepares court exhibits demonstrating document analysis techniques and bases for conclusions. | | | Works with and provides close technical supervision to lower level document examiner positions that assist in the examination and analysis of questioned documents. | | | Examines evidence such as handwriting and document characteristics involved in the investigation of questioned County warrants and other documents to detect forgery or to determine their authenticity. |
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http://www.lapublichealth.org/dhr/public/cs/csdetail.cfm?item=1581
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| | Internet Public Library: Psychology |
| | These are the questions addressed by personality theory and research." Includes resouces for students, professionals, and of general interest. | | | Coverage includes links to psychology related websites; on-line listservs and newsgroups for mental health, psychology and support topics; Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on mental health topics; a Suicide Helpline and some automated online quizes to help self-diagnosis of certain common mental health problems. | | | The Public Affairs Office of the American Psychological Association put together this resource to provide information on the mental health and psychological issues we all deal with on a daily basis. |
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http://www.ipl.org/div/subject/browse/soc30.00
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| | Individuality In Handwriting |
| | While the focus of recognition research is on extracting the message from the writing, the focus of questioned handwriting examination is the determination of writership. | | | This research is a natural continuation of our earlier work on handwriting recognition. | | | Here we provide a glimpse of the research we are conducting through a description of our projects and our research papers. |
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http://www.cedar.buffalo.edu/NIJ
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| | Shiver & Nelson Document Investigation Laboratory, Inc.: Handwriting and signature comparison, forgery detection. |
| | SNDIL examines documents to determine their source, authenticity, reliability or to discover information about their history. | | | The Shiver and Nelson Document Investigation Laboratory, Inc. (SNDIL) is a forensic laboratory devoted to the examination of documents involved in civil or criminal litigation or under investigation for some other reason. | | | Other documents are examined to identify alterations, decipher obliterated entries or to identify machines or devices used to produce them. |
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http://www.documentlab.com
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| | Contraband Detection Equipment - Sas R& D, Inc. - sasrad.com |
| | ROBUST — designed to withstand rough handling by professionals. | | | Fraudulent practices such as additions, alterations, obscurations and erasures to documents may be easily exposed using a variety of non-destructive optical techniques, which include Infrared Reflectance and Fluorescence. | | | • A diffuse white light for visual examination in low light conditions |
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http://www.contrabanddetectors.com/forgery.htm
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| | Fraud - Forgery |
| | Use PROVEN fraud protection techniques to SAFEGUARD YOU and YOUR FAMILY against IDENTITY THEFT. | | | Forensic laboratory specializing in the examination of handwriting, forgery | | | Considers the idea that Secret Mark may have been forged. |
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http://www.atozfraud.com/forgery
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| | Famous Document Examination Cases |
| | This document had become a focal point of the lives of this man and his family. | | | Often in forgery cases it is possible to conclude that the alleged author of a document did not do the writing, but it is more difficult to conclude that a particular person did do it. | | | A document examiner must be relentlessly thorough in considering all aspects of a document. |
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http://qdewill.com/cases.htm
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| | Paul A. Osborn & Son: Forensic Document Examination, Expert Testimony |
| | The members are physicians, attorneys, dentists, toxicologists, physical anthropologists, document examiners, engineers, criminalists, educators and others who practice, study and perform research in the forensic sciences. | | | In this way, the board aims to make available to the judicial system, and other publics, a practical and equitable system for readily identifying those persons professing to be specialists in forensic document examination who possess the requisite qualifications and competence. | | | To engage upon and to encourage scientific research and development in document examination and related matters and to disseminate the results by presentation at annual meetings and by publication. |
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http://www.osbornandson.com/profess.html
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| | Document - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | The forensic analysis of such a document falls under the scope of questioned document examination. | | | Traditionally, the medium of a document was paper and the information was applied to it as ink either by hand (to make a hand-written document) or by a mechanical process (such as a printing press or a laser printer). | | | Documents in all forms are frequently found to be material evidence in criminal and civil proceedings. |
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http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/document.htm
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| | Gideon Epstein, MFS - Forensic Examiner of Questioned Documents |
| | If you have a document that has been altered or counterfeited; a medical malpractice case where medical records are in dispute; or any other document verification problem, I can be of assistance to you. | | | If you have a case that involves any type of handwriting examination such as forgery of a signature on a Will, or on a Deed, my 37 years of handwriting experience can help your case. | | | Pro Bono cases accepted for indigent clients where a forensic document examination is very important to the case. |
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http://www.gideonepstein.com
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| | Spectrum Questioned Document |
| | Forensic Document Examination or Questioned Document Examination is the scientific study, analysis and comparison of questioned or disputed handwritings or documents for authentication or legal purposes. | | | A qualified handwriting or document expert is one who has been specially trained in the analysis and comparison of questioned documents and whose competency and experience is sufficient to be court-qualified to testify in a court of law. | | | The examination is conducted by a qualified expert whose findings may be presented as testimony in a court of law. |
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http://iwhome.com/spectrum/qd.htm
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| | Color Comparison in Questioned Document Examination Using Microspectrophotometry |
| | The work of the document examiner is often aided through the use of specialized analytical instruments. | | | First, an object to be examined (such as an ink line) is viewed through a microscope and the light reflected from it is measured over the visible spectrum. | | | This pseudo-dual-beam spectrophotometer performs nondestructive color analysis of objects down to 2 |
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http://www.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/845.htm
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| | Legal Services |
| | Handwriting analysis and questioned document examination are two services utilized widely in the legal field. | | | The staff at Spectrum has years of combined experience in various parts of the legal field which offers the attorney the support and understanding he needs of not only the examination but the understanding of the special needs of the legal arena. |
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http://iwhome.com/spectrum/legal.htm
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| | Handwriting Examiner Kansas Forgery Expert Document Examiner Kansas Forensic Document Examiner KS |
| | She has a BA in Psychology from the University of Central Oklahoma in Edmond, OK. | | | Barbara Downer completed her training as a Forensic Document Examiner through the National Questioned Document Association of Dallas, Texas and the Questioned Documents Section of the American Institute of Applied Science. | | | She has specialized training in SCAN (Scientific Content Analysis), also known as Psycholinguistics. |
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http://www.documentexam.com
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| | The Scope of Forensic Document Examination |
| | Only DNA profiling and fingerprints are as effective in unequivocally identifying an individual, and while fingerprints prove that a document was handled by the person in question, they do not prove authorship. | | | Even when scrupulously removed, traces can be detected using specialised techniques. | | | Dating of documents is one of the more difficult aspects of forensic science as it is impossible to determine the age of an ink by chemical means alone. |
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http://www.agiles.demon.co.uk/Scope.html
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| | Lasers and Optical Spectroscopy in Questioned Document Examination |
| | The use of in situ laser-luminescence and excitation spectroscopy for examination of questioned documents is investigated. | | | A particularly effective procedure for room temperature luminescence enhancement is presented and compared with luminescence at cryogenic temperatures. | | | It is found that such spectroscopy can at times discriminate between similar inks when conventional methods are unsuccessful. |
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http://www.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/799.htm
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| | Guidelines for Forensic Document Examination, Part 1, by SWGDOC (Forensic Science Communications, April 2000) |
| | Forensic document examiners were asked to provide feedback in an effort to ensure that these guidelines address the needs of the entire forensic document examination community. | | | Please be as specific as possible in your comments and include citations as necessary. | | | It is anticipated that there will be more than 50 separate guidelines upon completion and that these guidelines may be published as standards for the profession by an appropriate organization, such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). |
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http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/april2000/swgdoc1.htm
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| | Chris Anderson & Co Forensic Document Examiners |
| | the courses and seminars we offer on document examination. | | | the scope and limitations of forensic document examination by downloading Chris Anderson's article on the subject. | | | Our company provides a specialised service in the scientific examination of questioned documents and the presentation of expert testimony. |
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http://www.docexam.com.au
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| | Examination of questioned documents |
| | Certified by the National Association of Document Examiners. | | | Certified by the National Association of Document Examiners | | | American Board of Forensic Examiners ~ National Association of Document Examiners. |
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http://www.graphicdetection.com/vitae.html
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| | Meet Linda James - Advanced Document & Handwriting Examination Services |
| | In researching the field of Document Examination, books of rare findings have been added to her library adding continuing support of her conclusions. | | | Linda is also an Associate Member of the American Bar Association which is dedicated to the advancement of the administration of justice and service to the legal profession and the public. | | | Additionally, Linda holds certificates from the American Institute of Applied Science for completion of the I.A.S. Forensic Science Program Questioned Document and Police Photography. |
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http://www.document-examiner.com/meet.html
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| | Handwriting Examiner, Handwriting Anaylsis, Handwriting Expert, Document Examiner |
| | Kay also completed the Questioned Document Section of the I.A.S. Forensic Science Program through the American Institute of Applied Science (AIAS). | | | As well as being a Board Certified Document Examiner through the National Association of Document Examiners, Kay is a Diplomate with the National Association of Document Examiners. | | | Kay completed training as a Questioned Document Examiner (QDE) though the National Questioned Document Association (NQDE) in Dallas. |
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http://www.micklitz.com
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| | www.forensicdocumentexaminers.com - Document Examination Services |
| | She participates in proficiency testing through the Forensic Expertise Profiling Laboratory (FEPL) demonstrating her ability to analyze handwriting with a high degree of accuracy. | | | Katherine Mainolfi Koppenhaver, Board Certified Document Examiner, is one of the leading examiners in the country. | | | Katherine Koppenhaver is the author of Attorney's Guide to Document Examination. |
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http://www.forensicdocumentexaminers.com
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| | The National Association of Document Examiners - NADE |
| | The National Association of Document Examiners - NADE | | | Welcome to the National Association of Document Examiners' web site. | | | NADE members come from all parts of the continental United States, as well as from some foreign countries. |
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http://www.documentexaminers.org
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| | Hyperlinks to forensic document examination |
| | Document Examination Index - Iowa State Criminalistics Laboratory | | | An Evaluation of Sampling Methods for Microspectrometer Analysis of Document | | | FBI - Guidelines for Forensic Document Examination - Parts 1 - 7 Forensic Science Communications, April 2000 |
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http://www.castleviewuk.com/Frameless/Forensics/documents.htm
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| | Questioned Documents, Handwriting Experts - Paul A. Osborn & Son |
| | Forensic document examination for all document problems, including handwriting and signature identification, altered documents, typewriter identification, photocopy/fax identification, anonymously received material, obliterated writing and other problems. | | | Additional information regarding specific problems and fees for services can be obtained by writing either email addresses above. | | | Electrostatic Detection Apparatus testing (latent indentations of writing, etc.), Spectral (non-destructive) ink comparisons, Special detailed & illustrated written reports, document photography, Special court exhibits to enhance verbal testimony. |
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http://www.osbornandson.com
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| | Handwriting-L - Handwriting Analysis Home Page |
| | Questioned Document Examination is a specialized branch of analyzing handwriting requiring specific training and equipment. | | | It deals with the area of questioned signatures on wills, etc. and being an expert witness in court. | | | Copyright © 1997-2006 Handwriting-L Group All Rights Reserved |
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http://www.handwriting.org/main/hwaqde.html
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