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| | Critical Care Nurse: Monitoring pulmonary artery pressure |
 | | Because most critically ill patients who require monitoring of pulmonary artery pressure are rarely positioned in a 90[degrees] side-lying position, until external landmarks for the correct reference location in 20[degrees] to 45[degrees] side-lying positions are determined by further research, pulmonary artery pressure should not be monitored while patients are lying on the side (Figure 3). | | | (11-18) The only lateral position for which measurements of pulmonary artery pressure seem to be accurate is with patients lying on the side in a 90[degrees] lateral position with the backrest flat. | | | Recent research with computed tomography has confirmed that the phlebostatic axis approximates the level of the left atrium at the point midway between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the chest at the fourth intercostal space (2,3) when the patient is supine (Figure 1). |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NUC/is_3_24/ai_n6168993
(1289 words)
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| | Pulmonary Artery Stenosis |
| | If your child is diagnosed with pulmonary artery stenosis, your pediatrician or primary care doctor will recommend that you meet with a congenital heart specialist (a doctor who has the training and equipment to determine your child’s heart problem and order the necessary special tests, medical care, heart surgery, and follow-up checkups). | | | surgery - various methods of surgical repair of pulmonary artery stenosis are used, the choice of which depends on the characteristics of the stenosis and the surrounding vessels and other structures. | | | Pulmonary atresia - absence of a pulmonary valve, preventing blood from flowing from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and onward to the lungs |
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http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/3400/3456.asp?index=11630
(1164 words)
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| | ICU-USA - Tour - PA Catheter |
| | Pulmonary artery catheterization is a procedure performed to provide information regarding the patient's blood circulation, specifically, the pressure and amount of fluid or blood in the circulation and an assessment of the pumping action of the heart. | | | When initial therapies do not stabilize a patient, the doctors may use pulmonary artery catheterization to help guide their therapy. | | | The doctors and nurses attempt to rapidly restore the heart and lung function to normal. |
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http://www.icu-usa.com/tour/procedures/pa_cath.htm
(432 words)
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| | Primary or Unexplained Pulmonary Hypertension |
| | This is the only way to measure the pressure in the pulmonary artery and find out what medical therapy is appropriate for a given patient. | | | Despite physicians' inability to cure primary pulmonary hypertension, advances in its treatment over the past decade have markedly improved survival and the quality of life for people with primary pulmonary hypertension. | | | The optimal medical and/or surgical treatment for patients with PPH depends upon a thorough evaluation at a medical center with expertise in pulmonary hypertension. |
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http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4752
(1156 words)
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| | Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Pulmonary artery catheterization |
| | Pulmonary artery catheterization is a diagnostic procedure in which a small catheter is inserted through a neck, arm, chest, or thigh vein and maneuvered into the right side of the heart, in order to measure pressures at different spots in the heart. | | | A catheter is threaded through a vein in the arm, thigh, chest, or neck until it passes through the right side of the heart. | | | Pulmonary artery during relaxation (diastolic): about 10 mm Hg. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0011/ai_2601001143
(482 words)
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| | Echocardiography |
| | In 44 patients (88%), pulmonary flow was analyzed. | | | Second, acceleration time from pulmonary flow analysis was used in a regression equation to derive mean pulmonary artery pressure. | | | Pulmonary homografts and pulmonary hypertension - Results of echocardiography study European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery. |
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http://www2.umdnj.edu/~shindler/p_htn.html
(1561 words)
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| | Heart Info - Mixed Reviews for Pulmonary Artery Catheters |
| | Pulmonary artery catheterization is one of the most controversial issues in critical care medicine, with some studies suggesting it might even increase the risk of death for some patients. | | | The catheters can be very valuable for specific patients -- for example, those with severe pulmonary hypertension or those who might be candidates for a heart transplant, she said. | | | The study of 433 heart failure patients, half of whom received the catheters while the others got detailed physical examinations, showed that "catheterization does not seem to have adverse effects, which is very reassuring," Stevenson said. |
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http://www.heartinfo.com/ms/news/528315/main.html
(838 words)
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| | Pulmonary Atresia |
| | Percutaneous balloon valvotomy was studied retrospectively in newborns with critical pulmonary valve stenosis or atresia to assess its potential role as an alternative therapy to operation. | | | The objective of this population-based study was to determine the incidence of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) at birth, the impact of fetal echocardiography on this incidence, and to compare the outcome of cases with and those without prenatal diagnosis. | | | This study reviewed our experience with percutaneous balloon valvotomy in infants with critical pulmonary stenosis or membranous pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and defined the anatomic and hemodynamic characteristics of infants in whom this procedure is successful and provides definitive therapy. |
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http://www.pediheart.org/searches/topic/pul_atr.htm
(12253 words)
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| | eMedicine - Pulmonary Hypertension, Secondary : Article by Sat Sharma, MD, FRCPC, FACP, FCCP, DABSM |
| | Ongoing clinical trials may prove the benefit of vasodilator therapy in patients with various forms of pulmonary hypertension. | | | The classic finding on a chest radiograph from a patient with PAH is enlargement of central pulmonary arteries, attenuation of peripheral vessels, and oligemic lung fields. | | | The indications for this procedure are (1) difficulty with the accurate measurement of PAH with Doppler echocardiography and (2) the need for a precise measurement of pulmonary vascular resistance to conduct a vasodilator trial to assess the acute response to vasodilators. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2946.htm
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| | eMedicine - Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery : Article by Howard S Weber, MD |
| | Main pulmonary artery angiogram demonstrating the technique of stop flow angiography. | | | For example, if 2 family members are affected, the fact that they are within the same family did not have a role in their development of the condition. | | | With a large bolus of contrast under high pressure, an alternative approach is to perform a balloon occlusion angiogram within the distal main pulmonary artery, which retrogradely should fill the anomalous left coronary artery (Image 7). |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2484.htm
(4764 words)
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| | Pulmonary Artery: PPH: Pulmonary Hypertension Treatments |
| | Primary pulmonary hypertension is a condition where blood pressure increases in the pulmonary artery and develops in the following way: | | | Although Pulmonary Hypertension cannot be cured using existing medicine. | | | As time passes, more severe symptoms; swelling in the ankles or legs, bluish discoloration of the lips and skin, and chest pain also develop. |
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http://www.pulmonary-hypertension-treatments.com/pulmonary_artery.html
(635 words)
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| | Coronary-Pulmonary Artery Fistulae |
| | The patient did not have corrective surgery and continued to atypical chest pain (5). | | | Chang et al reported three patients who had presented with chest pain and fistulae between the LAD and pulmonary artery. | | | From the cases reviewed in the literature the patients without CAD had no evidence of ischemia to support coronary steal as the mechanism for chest pain in this patient population. |
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http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/heart/pages/crf/crf.html
(1027 words)
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| | Pulmonary artery false aneurysm (PAFA), induced by a Swan-Ganz catheter |
| | The method of choice in diagnosing PAFA's has been said to be contrast enhanced CT-scans, especially in patients with pulmonary hypertension. | | | In cases with severe bleeding an aggressive surgical approach is mandatory: chest tubes should be placed in large hemothorax (autotransfusion should be considered) and temporary ligation of one PA could be necessary. | | | Resuming CPB and exploration of the surgical field may be necessary. |
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http://www.medana.unibas.ch/cirs/PAFFN.htm
(736 words)
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| | Pulmonary artery rupture: |
| | Pulmonary artery rupture is a particular risk during the cardiopulmonary bypass period of open-heart surgery | | | Under these circumstances, it may be possible to embolise the bleeding site at the time of angiography, thus obviating the need for surgery. | | | The incidence of pulmonary artery rupture may be reduced by: |
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http://www.manbit.com/PAC/chapters/P23.cfm
(1000 words)
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| | Continuous positive airway pressure normalizes pulmonary artery pressures in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea and ... |
| | Wright J, Johns R, Watt I, Melville A, Sheldon T. Health effects of obstructive sleep apnoea and the effectiveness of continuous positive airways pressure: a systematic review of the research evidence. | | | Sajkov KD, Wang T, Saunders NA, Bune AJ, McEvoy RD. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment improves pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. | | | I am writing to point out that Dr. Sajkov and colleagues understate |
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http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/1/94
(841 words)
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| | Pulmonary Artery Catheter Quiz |
| | This 10 question multiple choice quiz aims to cover the basics of the PAC, to enable Critical Care Nurses to backup their 'hands-on' dealings with the PAC with a sound theoretical knowledge. | | | The fact that the PAC-derived variables are incorrectly interpreted and applied does not mean that PAC-derived data are of no use but rather that in the wrong hands they are of less value: No one would argue that electrocardiograms should not be performed because sometimes thay are misread.' (Pinsky and Vincent 2005:1120-1121) | | | 'The Pulmonary Artery Catheter: Uses and Controversies', Critical Care Clinics, Vol 17, No 2, pp 271-291. |
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http://www.nepeanicu.org/PA.htm
(1288 words)
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| | Pulmonary Arterial Catheterisation Simulator |
| | A Hypertext Guide which covers all aspects of the procedure of pulmonary arterial catheterisation. | | | It has been produced in the belief that "a significant proportion of the physicians and nurses who work in critical care areas may not have an appropriate working knowledge of the use of these catheters". | | | It is also a response to the suggestion that " Improved training in the insertion, interpretation, and implementation of the pulmonary artery catheter and the data it generates is required." |
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http://www.manbit.com/PAC.htm
(289 words)
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| | Unilateral Absence of Pulmonary Artery Perfusion |
| | Ventilation-perfusion studies and the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: Concise communication. | | | Emphysema and cardiac anatomy/surgery may play a role in nonperfusion associated with hyperlucent lung and CHD, respectively. | | | Primary and secondary pulmonary artery neoplasia mimicking acute pulmonary embolism. |
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http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/bwh/hcache/23/full.html
(698 words)
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| | PET Imaging of Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma |
| | The signs and symptoms include systolic murmur, cyanosis, dyspnea, chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, and syncope. | | | FDG PET is useful for the evaluation of patients with a hilar mass who may have initially been unsuccessfully treated for pulmonary embolism. | | | Some patients are therefore treated with anticoagulation which may not result in the resolution of symptoms. |
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http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/jpnm/hcache/1087/full.html
(731 words)
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| | What Is Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension? |
| | Over time, the heart muscle weakens and loses its ability to pump enough blood for the body's needs. | | | PAH is a serious condition for which there are treatments but no cure. | | | The muscles within the walls of the arteries may tighten up. |
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http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/pah/pah_what.html
(353 words)
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| | Pulmonary Atresia |
| | Children with pulmonary atresia require lifelong follow-up by a cardiologist to check how their heart is working. | | | Early treatment often includes using a drug to keep the PDA from closing. | | | In some cases, where the pulmonary artery and right ventricle are more normal in size, open-heart surgery may produce a good improvement in how the heart works. |
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http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1303
(393 words)
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| | Perioperative Pulmonary Artery Catheter Placement |
| | The incidence of major morbidity in critically ill patients managed with pulmonary artery catheters: a meta-analysis. | | | To give the best outcomes, appraise the risks and benefits of PAC for each patient, use good technique for line placement, and use the data to make good patient management decisions. | | | Steltzer H et al.The pulmonary artery catheter: current status in clinical practice. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~stecknk/PAC_notes.htm
(173 words)
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| | Pulmonary Artery/Vein |
| | When the right ventricular muscles relax, blood starts back up the pulmonary trunk, causing the valve to close to prevent the flow from returning into the ventricular chamber. | | | As a result, the only exit is through the "pulmonary trunk," which divides to form the right and left "pulmonary arteries." At the base of this trunk is a "pulmonary semilunar valve" that is made up of three leaflets or cusps. | | | When the muscular wall of the right ventricle contacts, the blood inside the heart chamber is put under more pressure, and the tricuspid valve closes. |
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http://www.innerbody.com/text/card49.html
(121 words)
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| | ►► Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◄◄ |
| | Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension - May 1, 2001 - | | | ...of hypoxia to the development of pulmonary hypertension, few studies have directly examined the regulation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle... | | | The interaction between hypoxia and TGF- 1 may be particularly relevant to pulmonary hypertension. |
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http://www.mutai.net/files/pulmonary-artery-hypertension.php
(413 words)
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| | PACEP: Sign-In |
| | The Pulmonary Artery Catheter Education Project (PACEP) was designed to provide a state-of-the-art educational program on how to use the pulmonary artery catheter in the clinical environment and measure learning outcomes for the end-user. | | | A collaborative educational effort brought to you and your medical team by the following distinguished organizations: | | | The use of the Pulmonary Artery Catheter Educational Project material is a copyright of the PACEP collaborative; reproduction of any of the material herein is prohibited without written consent from the PACEP collaborative. |
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http://www.pacep.org
(235 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | It takes blood from the right ventricle to the lungs to receive oxygen. | | | Pulmonary Artery: One of the two "great vessels" of the heart (along with the aorta). |
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http://heart.healthcentersonline.com/heartgeneral/PulmonaryArtery.cfm
(28 words)
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| | Dr. Koop - Congenital heart defect corrective surgery |
| | Surgery to correct or treat birth defects of the heart (congenital heart disease) is required if the defects threaten the child's well-being or life. | | | Heart defects come in all types, from minor to major. | | | Patent ductus arteriosus ligation; Hypoplastic left heart repair; Tetralogy of Fallot repair; Coarctation of the aorta repair; Heart surgery for children; Atrial septal defect repair; Ventricular septal defect repair; Truncus arteriosus repair; Total anomalous pulmonary artery correction; Transposition of great vessels repair; Tricuspid atresia repair; VSD repair; ASD repair; PDA ligation |
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http://www.drkoop.com/ency/93/002948.html
(307 words)
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| | Pulmonary Artery Surgery Video |
| | Robotic-assisted repair of a pulmonary artery, which supplies blood to a lung. | | | If you don't have an MPEG player already installed, please download free software according to your operating system: Windows |
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http://www.cts.usc.edu/videos-mpeg-pulmonaryartery.html
(32 words)
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