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| | uprightnormal |
 | | The primary muscles of mastication are the temporalis, masseter and medial and lateral pterygoids. | | | Medial pterygoid is attached to the medial aspect of the mandible. | | | The superior lateral pterygoid muscle originates on the infratemporal surface of the greater wing to the sphenoid, medial to the infratemporal crest. |
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http://www.thetmjdoctor.com/skullmovie/uprightnormal.html
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| | Functional Heterogeneity in the Superior Head of the Human Lateral Pterygoid -- Phanachet et al. 82 (2): 106 -- Journal ... |
| | Lateral pterygoid muscle and its relationship to the meniscus of the temporomandibular joint. | | | Variation of heads of lateral pterygoid muscle and morphology of articular disc of human temporomandibular joint—anatomical and histological analysis. | | | Positional relationships between the masticatory muscles and their innervating nerves with special reference to the lateral pterygoid and the midmedial and discotemporal muscle bundles of temporalis. |
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http://jdr.iadrjournals.org/cgi/content/full/82/2/106
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| | Monograph 13 ~ TMJ TRAUMA AND ITS REHABILITATION |
| | The location of associated muscle spasm in TMJ dysfunction according to incidence is in the external pterygoid, internal pterygoid, masseter, posterior cervical, temporalis, sternomastoideus, trapezius, and mylohyoid. | | | The external pterygoid will normally be felt to tighten and relax as the patient opens and closes the mouth. | | | The middle fibers of the temporalis muscles between the eye and the upper ear, the body portion of the masseter muscles, and the external pterygoid muscle are palpated after the patient has opened the mouth. |
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http://www.chiro.org/rc_schafer/mono-13.htm
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| | Palatine bone |
| | The palatine bone is a bone situated at the back part of the nasal cavity between the maxilla and the pterygoid process of the sphenoid. | | | The lateral surface is divided into an articular and a non-articular portion: the former is rough, for articulation with the medial pterygoid plate; the latter is smooth, and forms part of the pterygo palatine fossa. | | | 2] presents a deep groove, the edges of which are serrated for articulation with the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid. |
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http://www.portaljuice.com/palatine_bone.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The deeper and larger medial pterygoid muscle courses from the medial side of the plate to the angle of the mandible. | | | Follow a similar procedure for removing or reflecting the medial pterygoid muscle, so that the mandibular nerve can be seen entering the infratemporal fossa through the foremen ovate. | | | Through its course It usually lies lateral (superficially to the lateral pterygoid muscle, but it can sometimes lie on the deep side of the muscle. |
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http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/fossae.html
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| | On The Theory of the Vertebrate Skull (1859) |
| | But this pterygoid is, in the adult frog, a large bone, which, on the one hand, stretches down on the inner side of the quadrate cartilage, and, on the other, sends a process inwards and upwards, which nearly reaches the base of the skull. | | | If the pterygoid, transverse, and metapterygoid of the fish were anchylosed into one bone, or if the corresponding region of the primitive cartilage were continuously ossified, the result would be a bone perfectly similar to the pterygoid of the frog; and I entertain no doubt that the amphibian pterygoid does really represent these bones. | | | From the anterior edge of the proximal half of this pedicle, the narrow cartilaginous basis of the pterygoid passes forwards and [558] upwards, to become directly continuous with the palatine bone in the frog, but to stop short of that point in the newt. |
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http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/SM1/VertSk.html
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| | Lecture Notes - Infratemporal Fossa |
| | Arthritis of the TMJ could affect the tone of the lateral pterygoid muscle producing TRISMUS or muscle spasm. | | | MEDIAL PTERYGOID: stretches from the pterygoid fossa (sphenoid bone) to the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible below the mandibular foramen (insertion). | | | Hazards concerning this injection technique include the introduction of infected needles or solutions into the area, or penetration of the pterygoid plexus of veins (which is slightly posterior to the injection site) resulting in the formation of large hematomas. |
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http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/head/infratemp_lecture.html
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| | Head Lecture notes |
| | Terminal distribution of the lingual nerve and associated fibers which mediate general sensation (pain, touch temperature and pressure) is to the floor of the mouth and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. | | | Injection of anesthetic is performed in the fascial compartment defined by the fascial covering of the medial pterygoid and the medial aspect of the ramus of the mandible ( Clemente plate 477; Grant p. | | | From the foramen ovale to the mandibular foramen on the medial aspect of the ramus of the mandible, lying between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles and just posterior to the lingual nerve (Clemente plate 478; Grant p. |
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http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/duong/head.html
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| | Plano Dentist offering caring dental practices in the greater Plano region - Texas Dentistry - AggieDoc.com |
| | Frequently, when a lateral pterygoid muscle becomes dysfunctional, it will cause pressure and pain in and around the nasal passages and sinuses, and can be called a sinus headache. | | | By doing so, the myofascial dysfunction of the temporalis' and lateral pterygoids and strain on the jaw joint is prevented, thereby preventing headaches, toothaches, neck pain, ear conditions, and jaw pain. | | | As the lateral pterygoid becomes dysfunctional from all this over-activity, the pressure and strain that that is created is focused in the jaw joint space. |
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http://www.aggiedoc.com/view_article.php?viewID=117&/http/www/a/aggiedoc.com/public_html/category_list.php
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| | [No title] |
| | Lateral pterygoid spasm - acute malocclusion and pain with clenching. | | | Myofascial Pain Disorder or Syndrome - pain with or without associated autonomic phenomena referred from active myofascial trigger points with associated dysfunction. | | | Also one type of nociceptor distributed in capsule but nowhere else in joint. |
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http://www.utmb.edu/oto/Grand_Rounds_Earlier.dir/tmj_1990.txt
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| | Pterygoid Muscles |
| | : the internal, or medial, pterygoid muscle and external, or lateral, pterygoid muscle. |
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http://medical.webends.com/kw/Pterygoid+Muscles
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| | Temporomandibular and Orofacial Disorders: A Functional Perspective |
| | Lateral pterygoid muscle and its relationship to the meniscus of the temporomandibular joint. | | | To limit application to the lateral pterygoid, however, is not sufficient in treating most TMD. | | | Assessing for early protrusion is an excellent screen for muscle imbalance when encountering orofacial pain (see Figure II). |
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http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/16/12/04.html
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| | Pathomechanics of the TMD |
| | Protrusive mandibular movements represent a coordinated effort of the inferior bellies of the lateral pterygoid muscles, the bilateral anterior digastric muscles and the medial pterygoids. | | | Further, the infrahyoid muscles (sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid) fix the hyoid bone thereby assisting in mouth opening. | | | The disc then effectively rotates forward as it translates posteriorly during the condyle's movement back and up into the mandibular fossa. |
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http://www.whiplashandtmj.com/index36.html
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| | The Temporomandibular Joint and the Muscles of Mastication |
| | It embraces the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle. | | | The lateral pterygoid muscles protrude the mandible with the help from the | | | Acting together, these muscles protrude the mandible and depress the chin. |
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http://www.geocities.com/medinotes/tmpmanjt.htm
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| | Sphenoid bone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The plates are separated below by an angular cleft, the pterygoid fissure, the margins of which are rough for articulation with the pyramidal process of the palatine bone. | | | Each bone articulates in front with the ethmoid, laterally with the palatine; its pointed posterior extremity is placed above the vomer, and is received between the root of the pterygoid process laterally and the rostrum of the sphenoid medially. | | | Superiorly the medial plate is prolonged on to the under surface of the body as a thin lamina, named the vaginal process, which articulates in front with the sphenoidal process of the palatine and behind this with the ala of the vomer. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenoid_bone
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| | medial pterygoid muscle (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook |
| | protraction of the mandible when medial and lateral pterygoid muscles contract bilaterally | | | displacement of the mandible to the contralateral side when the just the ipsilateral medial and lateral pterygoid muscles contract | | | medial pterygoid muscle (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook |
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http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/-1483079600.htm
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| | TMJ Disorder -TemporoMandibular Joint board: HealthBoards - Pterygoid Muscles |
| | She had never heard the term, but reminded me that the pterygoids are the nasty little devils that therapists can barely find (to manipulate) because they are actually embedded in another muscle, and that most folks don't even know they have them. | | | Might be worth a try if the muscles are really causing you problems... | | | TMJ Disorder -TemporoMandibular Joint board: HealthBoards - Pterygoid Muscles |
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http://www.healthboards.com/boards/archive/index.php/t-108056.html
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| | Diverse changes in fibre type composition of the human lateral pterygoid and digastric muscles during aging. |
| | The fibre type composition of the superior and inferior portions of the human lateral pterygoid and the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscles of five elderly subjects (mean age 73 years) was studied by morphological and enzyme-histochemical methods. | | | Diverse changes in fibre type composition of the human lateral pterygoid and digastric muscles during aging. | | | The only difference in age-related changes between muscle portions was found in the lateral pterygoid with fibre atrophy in its inferior portion. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_10567048.html
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| | Testudines |
| | Within those turtles in which the pterygoid forms the canalis caroticus internus, the plesiochelyids have a thin floor, here interpreted as the primitive condition. | | | All cryptodirans have a vertical flange on the external process of the pterygoid. | | | This is also the case in Proganochelys and Kayentachelys (for Pleurodire condition see below) (Gaffney, 1990). |
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http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Testudines&contgroup=Amniota
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| | lateral pterygoid muscle (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook |
| | The lateral pterygoid muscle on each side is one of the muscles which act upon the temporomandibular joint. | | | lateral pterygoid muscle (anatomy) - General Practice Notebook | | | In isolation, the lateral ptergoid muscle acts to move the mandible medially. |
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http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/-73793457.htm
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| | jaw pain - The Best Web Site |
| | automobileaccident, physical therapy, chronicpain, earache, whiplash, mandible,jawpoppingeustachiantubes, craniomandibular,electronicdiagnostic, musclecontraction, restrictedjawopening, chronicpain, contraction,tinnitus, whiplash, jawnoises, photosensitivity, pterygoid, orthotic, earache,myofascialpain, tinnitus, orthotic, mandible. | | | Harriet T., Newark, NJ We are dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment and study of TMJ. |
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http://www.headandneck.com/jawpainL08.html
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| | Magnetic resonance imaging of the lateral pterygoid muscle in temporomandibular disorders |
| | Severe palpation pain of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) is found on both sides, painful on the left. | | | Symptoms show no evident improvement after splint and muscle exercising treatment. | | | The fact that the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) and related symptoms play an important role in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is widely recognized. |
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http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514266439/html/index.html
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| | Penn State Faculty Research Expertise Database (FRED) |
| | Two of the masticatory muscles: the internal, or medial, pterygoid muscle and external, or lateral, pterygoid muscle. | | | U.S. National Library of Medicine is the creator, maintainer, and provider of all MeSH 2004 data |
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http://fred.hmc.psu.edu/ds/retrieve/fred/meshdescriptor/D011626
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| | Test #5: Normal TMJ Anatomy |
| | During this time, the superior lateral pterygoid muscle is inactive and the superior retrodiscal lamina is relaxed. | | | In a healthy TMJ, the muscle that contracts upon closure of the mandible, thereby stabilizing the articular disc in a position between the condyle and the articular eminence is the? | | | Which of the following muscles is most likely to go into spasm as a result of a centric closure interference causing a deflection of the mandible to the right (centric relation to maximum intercuspation entails a slide to the right)? |
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http://www.tambcd.edu/cedental/normtest.htm
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| | Team projects on www for Biofeedback |
| | There are also a few smaller muscles the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. | | | These muscles are less significant but they can also be responsible for TMJ. | | | That is the big muscle right at the angle of your jaw. |
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http://www.humboldt.edu/~morgan/emgbfb.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | The medial pterygoid muscle originates mainly from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (in the lower partof the pterygoid fossa), but also partly from the back of the maxilla. | | | Identify the medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles. | | | Study origin and insertion of the pterygoid muscles using a skull. |
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http://www.umanitoba.ca/Medicine/Anatomy/disjv18.htm
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| | II. Osteology. 5c. The Exterior of the Skull. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. |
| | They are separated from one another by the vomer, and each is bounded above by the body of the sphenoid, below by the horizontal part of the palatine bone, and laterally by the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid. | | | The medial pterygoid plate is long and narrow; on the lateral side of its base is the scaphoid fossa, for the origin of the Tensor veli palatini, and at its lower extremity the hamulus, around which the tendon of this muscle turns. | | | The pterygomaxillary fissure is vertical, and descends at right angles from the medial end of the preceding; it is a triangular interval, formed by the divergence of the maxilla from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/107/46.html
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| | Encyclopedia4U - Trigeminal nerve - Encyclopedia Article |
| | It is the major cutaneous sensory nerve of the head, and is responsible for sensation over most of the skin on your head. | | | It also carries motor fibres to temporalis muscle, lateral pterygoid muscle, medial pterygoid muscle, masseter muscle (the four main muscles involved in mastication), tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid muscle and the tensor tympani muscle. | | | Named branches of the trigeminal nerve: (important branches in bold) |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/t/trigeminal-nerve.html
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| | parotid region |
| | There are four muscles of mastication on each side that control the movement of the mandible: | | | The mandibular nerve (V3) is the nerve of the infratemporal fossa and is responsible for supplying the muscles of mastication plus two tensor muscles: 1) tensor palati and 2) tensor tympani. | | | The lateral pterygoid is the main muscle that opens the mouth. |
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http://mywebpages.comcast.net/wnor/lesson4.htm
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| | Waltham - OSU Symposium |
| | Figure 7. Bilateral enophthalmos is present in this 7-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever with chronic masticatory myositis. Note the severe atrophy of the masseter and temporalis muscles resulting in a prominent zygomatic arch. Mild entropion of both upper eyelids and trichiasis of the upper eyelashes secondary to enophthalmos is present. | | | Figure 6. Bilateral exophthalmos and protrusion of the third eyelids are attributable to substantial inflammation of the temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles in this 10-month-old male Miniature Dachshund with acute masticatory muscle myositis. | | | Masticatory myositis occurs most commonly in Shetland sheepdogs, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, and Weimaraners, but any other canine breed may be affected. This disease has not been reported in cats. The disease involves the masseter, temporalis and pterygoid muscles (i.e., muscle of mastication—those muscles innervated by V3). |
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http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00521.htm
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| | Medial pterygoid muscle |
| | The insertion of this muscle is also lateral to its origin, so the muscle fibers can move the mandible in lateral excursions. | | | The medial pterygoid is almost a mirror image of the masseter muscle. | | | The medial pterygoid acts with the masseter to elevate. |
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http://home.teleport.com/~bobh/MedialPterygoidMuscle.htm
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| | Musculature Function versus Parafunction |
| | Following a functional movement (4), the musculature is intended to relax, before continuing with another functional masticatory movement. | | | This "excursive clenching" is the most damaging activity to the structures that lateral pterygoids are attached to: the TMJ complex, and the pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone (often presenting as sinus and facial symptoms). | | | When one temporalis contracts in conjunction with an opposite lateral pterygoid (4), the result is a functional movement, necessary for mastication. |
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http://www.nti-tss.com/slide2.htm
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| | lateral pterygoid from On-line Medical Dictionary |
| | Synonym: musculus pterygoideus lateralis, external pterygoid muscle, musculus pterygoideus externus. | | | Published at the Centre for Cancer Education, University of Newcastle upon Tyne | | | < anatomy, muscle > Origin, inferior head from lateral lamina of pterygoid process ; superior head from infratemporal crest and adjacent greater wing of the sphenoid ; insertion, into pterygoid pit of mandible and articular disk ; action, brings jaw forward, opens jaw; nerve supply, nerve to lateral pterygoid from mandibular division of trigeminal. |
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http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?lateral+pterygoid
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| | Internal Pharynx; Nasal Cavities |
| | Review the anatomy of the base of the skull, placing particular emphasis on the hard palate and pterygoid plates. | | | it rises nearly vertically from the body; the chondyloid process and the coronoid process extend from the superior end of the ramus; the mandibular foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus; the medial pterygoid m. | | | canal that occurs at the junction of the greater wing, the pterygoid process and the body of the sphenoid bone |
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http://anatomy.uams.edu/AnatomyHTML/pharynxnose.html
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| | Dr. Mark A. Piper; Muscles |
| | The reticular layer around the individual muscle fibers makes up the endomysium. | | | Hence, patency of this vessel may be influenced by the posture of the TMJ structures. | | | Before leaving the muscle, it is important to consider the vascular network that feeds the lateral pterygoid muscle as well as that blood supply that courses through the muscle. |
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http://tmjsurgery.com/muscle.htm
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| | Dept of Anth: Frontal Page |
| | Each process is formed from a Medial and Lateral Pterygoid Plate to which the respective medial and lateral pterygoid muscle is attached during life. | | | The muscles run from these attachments to the internal, or medial surface, of the mandible in the area of the gonial angle. | | | The left and right pterygoid processes project inferiorly from near the junction of each of the greater wings with the body of the sphenoid. |
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http://www.csuchico.edu/anth/Module/sphenoid.html
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| | CE Quiz: Parafunctional Muscular Disorders: Etiology, Treatment and Prevention |
| | Anterior deprogrammers can fail (that is, allow joint strain and intense temporalis contaction) during | | | The lateral pterygoid muscle originates on the lateral side of the pterygoid plate of the ________ bone, | | | The muscle that can directly strain the TM joint complex is the __________. |
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http://www.nti-tss.com/cequiz.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Cough reflex — mediated by CNX (also has branch —auricular branch — that innervates external auditory meatus) 4. | | | Pterygopalatine fossa (April, 603) BoneForamen/CanalWhat They TransmitPosterior WallPterygoid process of sphenoid bone Pterygoid (vidian) canal Foramen Rotundum Pterygovaginal canalVidian nerve Maxillary nerve Pharyngeal Br. | | | 607) MuscleOriginInsertionActionTemporalis Temporal bone Parietal boneCoronoid processElevates jaw Retracts jawMasseterZygomatic archMandibular angleElevates jawLateral Pterygoid (Superior Head)Sphenoid boneTemporomandibular DiskDraws articular disk forward Lateral Pterygoid (Inferior Head)Lateral Side of Lateral Pterygoid PlateMandibular neck(bilaterally) Protracts jaw (unilaterally) Abducts jaw (grinding)Medial PterygoidMedial Side of Lateral Pterygoid PlateMandibular angleElevates jaw 2. |
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http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/student/ssn/anatomy/2005headneck2key.doc
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| | locking jaw - The Best Web Site |
| | After you decided what you want, then you will need monthly hosting to get to anyone who wants to view it anywhere in the world. | | | craniomandibular, whiplash, temporomandibula, restrictedjawopening, mandible, automobileaccident,whiplash, temporomandibula, jawpopping, pterygoid, toothache, contraction, orthotic,lockjawchronicpain, temporomandibula,jawpopping, tinnitus, musclecontraction, myofascialpain,contraction, craniomandibular, whiplash, temporomandibula, restrictedjawopening, mandible, automobileaccident,whiplash, temporomandibula, jawpopping, pterygoid, craniomandibular, craniomandibular, jawnoises, toothache, contraction, whiplash, temporomandibula, restrictedjawopening, mandible, automobileaccident,whiplash, temporomandibula, jawpopping, pterygoid. | | | craniomandibular, whiplash, temporomandibula, restrictedjawopening, mandible, automobileaccident,whiplash, temporomandibula, jawpopping, pterygoid, craniomandibular, craniomandibular, jawnoises, toothache, contraction, whiplash, temporomandibula, restrictedjawopening, mandible, automobileaccident,whiplash, temporomandibula, jawpopping, pterygoid. |
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http://www.headandneck.com/lockingjawL06.html
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| | CND: A Physician's Guide for Diagnosing Fibromyalgia and/or Chronic Myofascial Pain |
| | FMS and CMP Complex: sinus syndrome ("travelling" nocturnal stuffiness) [pterygoid, SCM, posterior digastric] allergies* | | | FMSandMPS Complex foot* (wide in front, narrow in back, high arch) | | | difficulty getting out known words* (H) difficulty swallowing [digastric, pterygoid] |
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http://www.anapsid.org/cnd/diagnosis/devinsdiagnostic.html
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| | hamular process |
| | This drawing shows the pterygoid hamulus or the hamular process of the pterygoid bone. |
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http://www.dentistry.vcu.edu/departments/opath/labcasex/textfiles/descriptions/sitepics/siteatlas/site28.html
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| | Ear, Nose & Throat Journal: Temporal lobe encephalocele appearing as a lytic lesion of the skull base and pterygoid ... |
| | The patient was treated successfully via a unique endoscopic transpterygoid app roach--that is, an endoscopic approach through the maxillary sinus and pterygopalatine fossa and into the pterygoid process. | | | The flap was elevated from the underlying palatine bone and pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone. | | | A 51-year-old woman complained to her primary care physician of a 1-month history of headache, memory loss, and fatigue. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BUM/is_4_82/ai_100734204
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