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Topic: Primary motor cortex

Ads by Google Related Topics cerebral cortex adrenal cortex Primary visual cortex piriform cortex visual cortex cingulate cortex entorhinal cortex primary motor cortex somatosensory cortex prefrontal cortex Motor Neurone Disease Primary visual cortex Primary biliary cirrhosis      Surgical Resection of Brain Metastasis in Primary Motor Cortex Feasible The primary motor cortex is an area of the brain that is responsible for signaling the contraction of individual muscles throughout the body. An area of the primary cortex is located deep within the brain and the feasibility and efficacy of the surgical resection of a brain metastasis within this eloquent area of the brain has remained unanswered. Researchers from the Cleveland Clinic, Vanderbilt University and the National Institutes of Health recently reported that complete surgical resection of brain metastasis within the motor cortex of the brain is an effective and feasible practice in patients with cancer. http://professional.cancerconsultants.com/oncology_main_news.aspx?id=33366   (583 words)      Adaptive plasticity in motor cortex: implications for stroke rehabilitation More specifically, the functional topography of the motor cortex (commonly called the motor homunculus or motor map), can be modified by a variety of experimental manipulations, including peripheral or central injury, electrical stimulation, pharmocologic treatment or behavioral experience. These findings have strong clinical relevance as it has recently been shown that after injury to the motor cortex, as might occur in stroke, post-injury behavioral experience may play an adaptive role in modifying the functional organization of the remaining, intact cortical tissue. The specific types of behavioral experiences that induce long-term plasticity in motor maps appear to be limited to those that entail the development of new motor skills. http://www.nichd.nih.gov/ncmrr/symposium/nudo_abstract.htm   (486 words)      BASIC MOTOR PATHWAY The motor pathways are pathways which originate in the brain or brainstem and descend down the spinal cord to control the The primary motor pathway is also called the corticospinal pathway. Therefore it is crucial to understand the anatomy of the motor pathway. http://thalamus.wustl.edu/course/basmot.html   (1580 words)      [No title] The premotor areas encode global aspects of behavior, with the supplementary motor area being primarily involved in encoding internally generated movements, particularly sequences of behaviors. The supplementary motor area (SMA) is primarily involved in internally generated behaviors and does not require external triggers. Neurons in the premotor and posterior parietal cortex show “set-related” activity, as demonstrated in an experiment by Wise. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/ps/2004/Academic/first_year/neuro/ns28.doc   (2528 words)      (PVW) How does the brain produce volition, cognition, and emotions? The proximity of the primary motor cortex to the primary somatosensory cortex facilitates direct feedback between movement and sensation involved in touch. Apparently, internal areas of the forebrain surrounded by the cerebral cortex, such as the amygdala and hypothalamus (both not shown) contain the emotions. Less direct feedback between the motor area and the senses is important for a child developing self-awareness. http://www.fortunecity.com/millenium/blossom/309/mindinbrain.html   (794 words)      AANS.org Education and Meetings AANS Scientific Journals Neurosurgical Focus Regional changes in neuronal activity in the motor cortex were detected using the blood oxygen level-dependent MR technique.[31] Images of the brain produced by this technique reflect local responses in cerebral blood oxygenation during neuronal activity. During intraoperative cortical stimulation of the expected motor cortex, movements of the left hand were observed. Prior to initiating the MR imaging session, the motor tasks were explained to and practiced by the patients, and informed consent was obtained from all of them. http://www.aans.org/education/journal/neurosurgical/mar99/6-3-1.asp?ShowMenu=false&ShowPrint=false   (7480 words)      cortspin Upper motor neuron diseases: spastic paralysis, muscle tone is increased, hyperreflexia, atrophy is rare, large groups of muscles are affected and there is no fasciculations. direct pathway from the cortex to the spinal cord. Lower motor neuron diseases: flaccid paralysis, fasciculations, atrophy, decreased tone and reduced or absent tendon reflexes. http://www2.umdnj.edu/~paneuweb/cortspin.htm   (1626 words)      Reorganization in Primary Motor Cortex of Primates with Long-Standing Therapeutic Amputations -- Wu and Kaas 19 (17): ... Reorganization in Primary Motor Cortex of Primates with Long-Standing Therapeutic Amputations Huntley GW, Jones EG (1991) Relationship of intrinsic connections to forelimb movement representations in monkey motor cortex: a correlative anatomical and physiological study. Reorganization in Primary Motor Cortex of Primates with Long-Standing Therapeutic Amputations -- Wu and Kaas 19 (17): 7679 -- Journal of Neuroscience http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/full/19/17/7679   (8347 words)      PSY 340 Brain and Behavior 8.2 Brain Mechanisms of Movement Damage to the one of the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex (e.g., due to stroke) or a severing of the spinal cord half-way. Axons from the PMC and the red nucleus (in the midbrain) connect to the spinal cord. Axons from PMC extend to the basal ganglia (see below) and to the brain stem and spinal cord. http://web.lemoyne.edu/~hevern/psy340/lectures/psy340.08.2.brain.movement.html   (640 words)      motor C. primary motor cortex determines which muscles will be active and how much force they will exert. corticospinal tract has both monosynaptic pathway to motor neurons as well as multisynaptic pathway to spinal cord. the pathway from primary motor cortex to motorneuron http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~barbgl/psy445.W01/lectures/motor.html   (144 words)      Early consolidation in human primary motor cortex : Nature We monitored changes in elementary motor behaviour while subjects practised fast finger movements that rapidly improved in movement acceleration and muscle force generation. Here we show that low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of M1 but not other brain areas specifically disrupted the retention of the behavioural improvement, but did not affect basal motor behaviour, task performance, motor learning by subsequent practice, or recall of the newly acquired motor skill. However, it is not known where a new skill is retained and processed before it is firmly consolidated. http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature712   (315 words)      Science News: Motion illusion yields a neural surprise - Brain's Moving Experience - primary motor cortex The same illusory movement yielded increased blood flow in several other parts of the cortex and the inner brain. Naito's group studied brain activity in eight adults as they experienced an illusory perception of hand movement. Thus, in this experiment, the hemisphere controlling the unstimulated hand received no sensory information related to the wrist-muscle activity. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_24_162/ai_95845373   (524 words)      Location of the Primary Motor Cortex in Schizencephaly -- Lee et al. 20 (1): 163 -- American Journal of Neuroradiology The functional anatomy of motor recovery after stroke in humans: a study with positron emission tomography. Plasticity of central motor pathways in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Behavioral studies show some recovery of basic sensory and motor http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/20/1/163   (1792 words)      Activation of human primary motor cortex during action observation: A neuromagnetic study -- Hari et al. 95 (25): 15061 ... Activation of human primary motor cortex during action observation: A neuromagnetic study -- Hari et al. Activation of human primary motor cortex during action observation: A neuromagnetic study Motor Facilitation While Observing Hand Actions: Specificity of the Effect and Role of Observer's Orientation http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/95/25/15061   (863 words)      Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex Affects Mental Rotation -- Ganis et al. 10 (2): 175 -- ... Huntley GW, Jones EG (1991) Relationship of intrinsic connections to forelimb movement representations in monkey motor cortex: a correlative anatomic and physiological study. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex Affects Mental Rotation -- Ganis et al. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex Affects Mental Rotation http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/10/2/175   (4842 words)      Frontal Lobe Epilepsy from Neurology / Seizures And Epilepsy Clinical manifestations tend to reflect the specific area of seizure onset and range from behavioral to motor or tonic/postural changes. Besides the risk of cranial surgery, potential complications include motor weakness and behavioral changes. Physical: A general physical and thorough neurologic examination should be performed in all patients with epilepsy. http://users3.ev1.net/~drtony/epifront.htm   (4204 words)      NEUROBIOLOGY: ON THE OUTPUT OF THE MOTOR CORTEX These obstacles have recently been surmounted by Brecht and colleagues [1], who have reported that intracellular electrical stimulation of single neurons in the motor cortex of intact rats evokes observable whisker movement. Short duration stimulation was thought to reduce the spread of current to neighboring cortical regions, providing a more specific stimulus and for this reason a short train of electrical stimulation (10-50 milliseconds) became the technique of choice for studying the frontal cortex [2]. The movements resembled defensive type movements of the kind that can be elicited behaviorally in the same animals by applying an air puff on to the monkey's face. http://scienceweek.com/2004/sc040903-4.htm   (1644 words)      Vicarious function within the human primary motor cortex?: A longitudinal fMRI stroke study -- Jaillard et al. 128 (5): ... Vicarious function within the human primary motor cortex?: A longitudinal fMRI stroke study -- Jaillard et al. studies with isolated primary motor cortical stroke have not designed a study to test if recovery after stroke within primary http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/128/5/1122   (409 words)      TOUCH Datasets - Motor Cortex Be able to trace the corticospinal and corticobulbar pathways from their origin in the motor cortex to their termination in spinal cord and brainstem nuclei. Identify their relative positions in the midbrain, pons, medulla and spinal cord. Learn the somatotopic organization and location of the primary motor cortex, and the general location of neurons giving rise to the descending fibers of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts. http://hsc.unm.edu/touch/datasets/datasets/objectives11/objectives11.htm   (92 words)      Funtions of Motor Structures When a certain pattern of movement is reviewed mental and not physically, it is the supplementary motor area that is active. Assemble specific subroutines for components of the complete movement During the process, there is continual feedback between the motor cortex, the cerebellum and the basal ganglia to ensure that the overall program is a smooth sum of the many subroutines. http://www.udel.edu/skeen/Hpages/MotorI/functions.html   (326 words)      Topic: S&P Motor and Somatosensory Cortex primary somatosensy cortex has a topographic respresentation of the body skin primary motor cortex has a topographic representation of the body muscles Define function of cortex on the precentral gyrus and the postcentral gyrus http://keck.ucsf.edu/~blondie/PSYCH254/Lecture29   (151 words)      SQAns 12: Motor 4) Compare and contrast the circuitry, anatomy and physiology of the climbing fiber and mossy fiber projections to the cerebellar cortex. How do cerebral cortex lesions result in increased muscle tone? 2) Compare and contrast the movement disorders that result from lesions in the motor cortical areas, basal ganglia and cerebellum. http://www.courses.ahc.umn.edu/medical-school/NeuroScience/xdemo04up/htm/sqa_gen/ans/SQ12_motor.html   (474 words)      Facilitation of Implicit Motor Learning by Weak Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex in ... Facilitation of Implicit Motor Learning by Weak Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex in the Human -- Nitsche et al. Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke Improvement of Motor Function with Noninvasive Cortical Stimulation in a Patient with Chronic Stroke http://jocn.mitpress.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/4/619   (309 words)      Reproducibility of Primary Motor Cortex Somatotopy Under Controlled Conditions -- Alkadhi et al. 23 (9): 1524 -- ... Kleinschmidt A, Nitschke MF, Frahm J. Somatotopy in the human motor cortex hand area: a high-resolution functional MRI study. The debate over whether various body parts in humans and nonhuman motor studies to patient populations, knowledge of the expected http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/23/9/1524   (5050 words)      Cortical correlates of learning in monkeys adapting to a new dynamical environment -- Gandolfo et al. 97 (5): 2259 -- ... In conclusion, imaging studies as well as single-cell investigations like this one show that motor learning is a process both imaging studies in humans have reported the effects of motor learning the prefrontal cortex (20, 21), and the somatosensory areas http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/5/2259   (3340 words)      Chapter seven tracts (i.e., cerebral cortex, brain stem, spinal cord). apraxia: inability to perform a learned motor skill (but no paralysis) corticobulbospinal tract: cell bodies in the frontal and parietal cortex. http://academic.uofs.edu/faculty/OAKESM2/chapter7.html   (660 words)      Neural Correlates of a Spatial Sensory-To-Motor Transformation in Primary Motor Cortex -- Shen and Alexander 77 (3): ... Representation of Immediate and Final Behavioral Goals in the Monkey Prefrontal Cortex during an Instructed Delay Period Neuronal Activity Related to the Visual Representation of Arm Movements in the Lateral Cerebellar Cortex Activity of Individual Cells in Dorsal Premotor Cortex and Parietal Area 5  http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/77/3/1171   (1252 words)      primary motor area (primary motor cortex) Prolonged exercise induces angiogenesis and increases cerebral blood volume in primary motor cortex of the rat. Growth/differentiation factor 7 is preferentially expressed in the primary motor area of the monkey neocortex. Age-related decrease in paired-pulse intracortical inhibition in the human primary motor cortex. http://www.arclab.org/node_pages/1635.html   (58 words)      Neurosci - Neurological Basis of Movement and Movement Disorders After this session, students should be able to define the following   How, in turn, can basal ganglia influence the cortex and the motor pathways? Understand the fiber systems that link the cerebellum to the rest of the brain. http://itsa.ucsf.edu/~sargent/curriculum/Neuro_Nsci_Neural_Basis_Movement.htm   (238 words)      Case of the Month: January 1996 This data was projected on the brain surface to locate the primary motor/sensory cortices and the relationship between the tumor and those cortices. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation demonstrates the motor/sensory areas on the skin surface (left). This tumor does not affect the primary motor cortex (right). http://splweb.bwh.harvard.edu:8000/pages/comonth/96/jan/month.html   (364 words)      Motor System lower motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle controlling contraction of various muscle groups and the movement of body parts (e.g., movement of arm or chewing) neuronal activity in the primary motor cortex is associated with the initiation of movement pyramidal system: consists of pyramidal neurons within the cerebral cortex that project to lower motorneurons in the brainstem and spinal cord to control voluntary movement http://www.umich.edu/~psycours/531/sensorimotor_function/tsld002.htm   (119 words)      Sensory and Motor Neuroscience: Primary motor cortex II Representation of movements in the primary motor cortex is practice dependent (Nudo et al., 1996). The surrounding plots show the effects of loads in different directions on the activity of the same neuron (from Kalaska et al. Coding of movement direction vs. load direction in the primary motor cortex (Kalaska et al., 1989) http://www.bcs.rochester.edu/~dlee/bcs245/motor3.htm   (107 words)      Center on Aging Faculty and Staff Randolph Nudo M., Kleim, J. A., and Frost, S. Behavioral and neurophysiological persistence of an acquired motor skill. Quaney B, Maletsky R, and RJ Nudo (2004) Effect of Stroke on Control of Grasping during Object Manipulation. Nudo, R.J. (2003) Functional and structural plasticity in premotor cortex after cortical ischemia. http://www2.kumc.edu/coa/Faculty_Staff/Nudo_Abstracts.htm   (903 words)      Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex on the Grip and Net Forces in the Tripod Grasp Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a tool of choice to study the functionality of the corticospinal pathway in the intact human. The analysis of the data from one subject suggests that TMS affects differently the grip force (which measures the overall force involved in the grasp) and the net force (which measures the net effect of all contact forces exerted on the object). In this study, we used TMS to stimulate the hand area of the primary motor cortex (M1) and measured TMS-evoked forces in a multi-fingered grasp. http://csdl2.computer.org/persagen/DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath=/dl/proceedings/&toc=comp/proceedings/whc/2005/2310/00/2310toc.xml&DOI=10.1109/WHC.2005.48   (248 words)      WOROI: 215 - Primary motor cortex Comparison of human cerebral activation pattern during cutaneous warmth, heat pain, and deep cold pain. Within the primary motor cortex, a hand region was preferentially active in the task in which the stimulus was painful heat Functional neuroanatomical correlates of electrodermal activity: a positron emission tomographic study. http://hendrix.imm.dtu.dk/services/jerne/brede/WOROI_215.html   (278 words)      The Organization of Cerebellar and Basal Ganglia Outputs to Primary Motor Cortex as Revealed by Retrograde ... Three-Dimensional Topography of Corticopontine Projections from Rat Barrel Cortex: Correlations with Corticostriatal Organization Globus pallidus internus stimulation in primary generalized dystonia: a H215O PET study Enhanced Synchrony among Primary Motor Cortex Neurons in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/19/4/1446   (1304 words)      Welcome to Adobe GoLive 4 We showed that cerebral and cerebellar influences on the spinal cord are balanced by recurrent Cerebellar control of motor accuracy of movements made in task context. We showed that cooling the cerebellar output to motor cortex areas degrades control of goal-directed http://publish.uwo.ca/~brooks/NYMC.html   (92 words)      Primary motor cortex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The primary motor area is a group of networked cells in mammalian brains that controls movements of specific body parts associated with cell groups in that area of the brain. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). The primary motor cortex (also known as M1) works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_motor_area   (686 words)      Primary Motor Cortex Efferents go to some of the same areas, and also go down important spinal pathways. Afferents come from other motor areas, the hypothalamus, the thalamus, and beyond. M1 has classically been thought to have very strong somatotopic organization, but recently within limb somatotopy has been challenged. http://keck.ucsf.edu/~sabes/Cortex/M1.htm   (346 words)      Jahrbuch-CD der MPG 2003 - Functional somatotopy of finger To assess the degree of fine-scale somatotopy within the hand area of the human primary motor cortex (M1), functional mapping of individual movements of all fingers was performed in healthy young subjects (n = 7) using MRI at 0.8 x 0.8 mm(2) resolution and 4 mm section thickness. A somatotopic arrangement was only recognizable when considering the mean center-of-mass coordinates of individual digit representations averaged across subjects. Functional somatotopy of finger representations in human primary motor cortex http://www.mpg.de/forschungsergebnisse/wissVeroeffentlichungen/archivListenJahrbuch/2003/17/publZIM145.html   (215 words)      Poster # 118 - PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX INVOLVEMENT IN ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE There were 17 cases with severe cortical AD-type changes, fulfilling the definite diagnosis of AD, 7 age-matched cases with discrete to moderate cortical AD-type changes and 5 control cases, without any AD-type cortical changes. Our findings indicate that the primary motor cortex is significantly involved in AD and suggest the appearance of motor dysfunctions in late and terminal stages of the disease. In order to determine whether or not the primary motor cortex is involved in AD, the brains of 29 autopsy cases were studied. http://www.uclm.es/inabis2000/posters/files/118   (252 words)      Arch Neurol -- Abstract: Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Primary Motor Cortex in Patients With Motor ... 20 healthy volunteers and 4 patients with multifocal motor neuropathy. Arch Neurol -- Abstract: Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Primary Motor Cortex in Patients With Motor Neuron Disease: Subgroup Analysis and Follow-up Measurements, July 1998, Block et al. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Primary Motor Cortex in Patients With Motor Neuron Disease http://archneur.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/55/7/931   (520 words)      Figures Axial images demonstrating some of the statistical results corresponding to the task requiring the patient to make repetitive movements of her left hand. Axial (left) and sagittal (right) images of the 3D image data set used for neuronavigation in the illustrative case, a 32-year-old woman with a right frontal glioma (images obtained using the surgical MKM workstation). Electrocortical stimulation mapping confirmed the location of the primary motor cortex; the location and results of ECS are indicated with the colored bars: green bars, motor movements of left arm/hand; light blue bars, eyelid movement; dark blue bar, upper-leg movement; red bars, no motor movements. http://www.medscape.com/content/2003/00/45/90/459055/459055_fig.html   (493 words)      11th Hour - Introduction to Neuroscience The primary motor cortex is a strip of cortex located on both sides of the cerebral cortex, just in front of the central sulcus, as shown in the three-dimensional view in the upper part. Neurons located in the most medial portion, near the midline, control the muscles of the lower limbs, with successively more lateral portions controlling the trunk, upper limb, head and face. Click the button to see both the 3-D view and the cross-section view of the primary motor cortex. http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/11thhour/matt/about/u4c13a.html   (116 words)      Motor Cortex The BRAIN is the organ that moves our muscles according to Carlson, making our bodies move is the #1 function of the brain! Planning of movements involves the premotor association cortex and the supplemental motor area which influence the primary motor cortex Primary motor cortex is located on the precentral gyrus http://wise.fau.edu/~jtaft/Brains/Ch8/tsld002.htm   (50 words)      [No title] Separates the visual cortex into superior and inferior visual field processing regions Carries fibers between the thalamus and the cortex Relays information between globus pallidus and the contralateral motor cortex http://medicine.creighton.edu/medschool/2006/Review/Neuro/brainfunc_a.html   (185 words)      Unilateral Upper Limb Asterixis Related to Primary Motor Cortex Infarction -- Nighoghossian et al. 26 (2): 326 -- Stroke Copyright © 1995 by the American Heart Association. The involvement of primary motor cortex might suggest This article has been cited by other articles: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/2/326   (343 words)      Chapter 5 - The Nervous System Which part of a motor neuron is specialized to receive signals from other neurons? Late in the chain of command preceding an action, the ________ serves to refine the more delicate parts of the action. http://www.usu.edu/psycho101/lectures/quiz_nerv/nerv3.htm   (177 words)      [No title] Ë  $¥À´´€20dµ Å— ÿÿDescending Motor ControlHSLCLJean Ann Dymottþÿ  à ŸòùOh«‘+'³Ù0p  ˆ´ÀÐÜì   , 8 D P X ` h äDescending Motor Control0 escHSLCLdi SLCNormaliJean Ann Dymott2anMicrosoft Word 8.0n@@ȨD—À @ȨD—À >Ë þÿ ÕÍ՜.“—+,ù®DÕÍ՜.“—+,ù®X  hp˜ ¨°¸ÀÈ Ð õäUniversity of Missouriµè Descending Motor Control Title ˜ 6>  _PID_GUIDäAN{D788DCF5-E13A-11D3-93BE-00104B3186BF}   þÿÿÿ !"#$%&'(þÿÿÿ*+,-./0þÿÿÿ2345678þÿÿÿýÿÿÿ;þÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿRoot Entry ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀF`Ü”À  áÊD—À =€1TableÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿWordDocument ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ0SummaryInformation( ÿÿÿÿ)DocumentSummaryInformation8 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ1 CompObj ÿÿÿÿjObjectPool ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ áÊD—À  áÊD—À ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ þÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ þÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÀFMicrosoft Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.8ô9²q http://www.muhealth.org/~md2004/update3/1-31motor.doc   (41 words)

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