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| | CHONDROMALACIA PATELLA |
 | | Reid, 1992, describes facetectomy of the patella, which may be used if chondromalacic lesions occupy up to one third of the patella, and the remaining patella is in excellent condition. | | | The most appropriate radiological view for chondromalacia patella is the skyline at 20 degrees, or if a greater angle, 45-55 degrees, this will clearly demonstrate the femoral sulcus and patella. | | | Pain is felt with the movement, and the patient should be warned to contract the quadriceps gently. |
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http://www.podiatry.curtin.edu.au/encyclopedia/chondro/chondro.html
(2792 words)
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| | Medial Patella Luxation Info |
| | The patella can be forcibly luxated, but does not generally result in pain or is in need of correction. | | | The patella in dogs serves the same purpose as in people, namely to aid the quadriceps muscles (thigh muscles) in the extension of the knee. | | | This realigns the muscle pull straight up a down the leg and corrects the tendency of the patella to luxate medially because of the bow legged confirmation. |
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http://www.stvetspecialists.com/MPLInfo.htm
(624 words)
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| | Patellar Luxation in Small Breed Dogs - Internet Library - dogsites.com.au |
| | Furthermore, while the patella is luxated, the quadriceps puts a rotational force on the tibia, which over time will increase the rotation of the tibia, thereby increasing the severity of the problem. | | | Luxated patellas are a congenital (present at birth) condition. | | | A study of 542 affected individuals revealed that dogs classified as small (adult weight 9 kg (20 lbs) or less) were twelve times as likely to be affected as medium, large or giant breed dogs. |
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http://www.dogsites.com.au/internet_library/patellar_luxation.html
(1048 words)
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| | IASM - Injuries - Knee - Patella (Knee Cap) |
| | Traditionally, patients with an unstable patella are subjected to an extensive operative procedure that involves making an incision to tighten the inner ligaments controlling the tracking of the patella. | | | An even newer technique for treatment of some types of patella instability is the use of a heated probe to shrink the stretched patella ligament or retinacullum. | | | Nerve fibers in the bone sense the increased stresses and pain occurs. |
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http://www.iasm.com/kneepat.html
(1198 words)
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| | Patella Lux Knee Support #7158 Otto Bock |
| | Lateral or medial subluxation of the patella, anterior knee pain; prevention of hyperextension. | | | The crescent-shaped pad is placed on the lateral or medial side of the patella where stabilization is needed. | | | The pad should fit snugly around the edge of the patella. |
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http://www.ottobockus.com/products/shelf_orthotics/lower_extremity_3016.asp
(241 words)
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| | Orthoseek Orthopedic Topics Chondromalacia Patellae |
| | The patella cartilage is one of the earliest places where cartilage breakdown occurs, and is slowly progressive, leading to degenerative arthritis (osteoarthritis) in the knee joint. | | | This uneven and excessive pressure on the lateral facet of the patella leads to cartilage "softening" and breakdown. | | | In fact, many doctors may not use the term "chondromalacia patellae" at this stage, because there is no actual softening or breakdown of the cartilage. |
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http://www.orthoseek.com/articles/chondromp.html
(1478 words)
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| | Patella Dislocations |
| | If the patella has been reduced, the athlete will present with increased pain, swelling, and loss a decrease in range of motion of the knee. | | | The Athletic Trainer or physician will push the patella laterally (outside), if this elicits pain or apprehension, it is a positive test. | | | This muscle helps to place a medial pull on the patella, reducing the lateral, dislocating force. |
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http://www.athleticadvisor.com/Injuries/LE/Knee/Patella/patella_dislocations.htm
(927 words)
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| | Patella Alta - The patello-femoral joint |
| | Patella alta is not AUTOMATICALLY a source of problems, so the first thing to do is to confirm that it IS the source of YOUR pain. | | | There are surgical options as well, including arthroscopy to shave the patella, a patellectomy, having a lateral release done (which has become a very controversial procedure as of late), a VMO advance, or even a TTT(or TTO). | | | The OS said "Yeah, you've got some good patella alta, but I didn't do anything about that in the surgery." Now I'm hoping that this TTT is successful (duh) and that I have no further problems. |
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http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/kneegeeks/9662935011.html
(1119 words)
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| | Medial Patella Luxation - PetPlace.com |
| | The patella is not normally affected in this injury. | | | There are a variety of surgical techniques available, but they all aim to restore the patella to tracking permanently in its correct plane within the groove (sulcus) of the femur. | | | The collateral ligaments are located on the inner (medial) aspect and outer (lateral) aspect of the knee joint. |
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http://www.petplace.com/articles/artShow.asp?artID=72&conID=15491
(1354 words)
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| | LIEYE.COM: Patella Pain |
| | This uneven pull on the patella will lead to pain and affect movement of the knee joint. | | | Following surgery physical therapy will be recommended by the orthopedist to restore function and return you to your normal activities. | | | The most common problems associated with the patella are: |
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http://www.lieye.com/articles/pt/patella.shtml
(380 words)
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| | Medial and lateral patellar luxation |
| | When the patella, or kneecap, pops out of its normal trochlear groove, the dog feels pain, and owners may report a hitch in the gait. | | | There are varying degrees of severity of this disease, and surgery may be needed. | | | The congenital condition is probably genetic in nature, and as such, affected animals should not be bred. |
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http://www.workingdogs.com/vcpatlux.htm
(1454 words)
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| | Patellar Luxation |
| | The most common occurrence of luxating patella is the medial presentation in small or miniature dog breeds. | | | Shallow femoral groove, weak ligaments and malalignment of the tendons and muscles that straighten the joint are all conditions that will predispose a dog toward luxating patellas. | | | The diagnosis of this condition can usually be confirmed (by a veterinarian) by manipulating the stifle joint and pushing the patella in and out of position. |
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http://www.barkbytes.com/medical/med0023.htm
(524 words)
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| | Select a Medical Service Orthopaedic Surgery Updates |
| | The term chondromalacia patella refers specifically to a pathological condition resulting in structural changes in the cartilage surface of the kneecap. | | | A patella stabilizing brace maybe beneficial in those individuals in whom patella maltracking is contributing to the condition. | | | A variety of surgical procedures that involve smoothing down the cartilage surface of the patella and/or realigning the quadriceps-patella complex are available. |
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http://www.lahey.org/depts/ortho/Updates/patella.stm
(806 words)
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| | Frequently Asked Questions |
| | The joint may be unstable due to malformations in the bones, muscles and ligaments. | | | It is not our aim to provide health advice or counseling, which should be sought from a licensed health care practitioner or health care organization. | | | NPS research is currently focused on trying to understand the bases for variation in severity of symptoms. |
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http://www.geocities.com/nail_patella/faq.html
(1169 words)
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| | Patella Luxation |
| | Early surgery is strongly recommended at this stage for bone deformities of the femur and tibia may occur. | | | A veterinarian can usually confirm diagnosis by manipulating the stifle joint and pushing the patella in and out of position. | | | You are responsible for research into all relevant matters before making any decisions or purchases based on the content of The Dog Scene website. |
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http://www.thedogscene.co.uk/articles/health/patella.htm
(1025 words)
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| | PATELLAR LUXATION |
| | There are various techniques for correcting patellar luxation, but all of them are designed to re-establish the proper perpendicular alignment of the quadriceps tendon, the patella, and the patellar tendon and to prevent sideways movement of the patella. | | | If we are to ever eliminate patellar luxation, everyone who breeds Chihuahuas must know about the problem and be able to recognize it in their dogs. | | | Proper joint function relies on a perpendicular alignment of the quadriceps tendon, patella and patellar tendon, one right above the other when viewed from the front. |
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http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/2430/patella.html
(1047 words)
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| | Dr. Richard Bachrach - Center for Sports & Osteopathic Medicine knee pain |
| | Anterior knee pain may be caused simply by tightness of the quadriceps muscle, compressing the patella against the trochlea. | | | Weight reduction, strengthening the medial and stretching the lateral quadriceps may afford some relief. | | | This may contribute to patellofemoral pain and also to tendinitis involving the tendons above or below the patella |
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http://www.bonesdoctor.com/anterior_knee_pain.html
(654 words)
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| | Chondromalacia Patella (knee pain in sports) Information |
| | The primary function of the patella is to increase the efficiency of the quadriceps muscle by increasing its lever arm. | | | Quadriceps strengthening may be the most important treatment once the pain has calmed down. | | | This provides a mechanical advantage by lengthening the extension moment arm throughout the entire range of knee joint motion, but in doing so, it is subjected to considerable retropatellar compression force. |
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http://veggie.org/run/chondromalacia
(1507 words)
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| | LUXATING PATELLA |
| | With advancing age, arthritic changes may take place in the joint resulting in pain for the dog. | | | Tightening it also helps to prevent the patella from luxating again. | | | However, if arthritis has already occurred, your dog will experience pain in the joint, especially in cold weather. |
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http://www.pethealthcare.net/html/body_luxating_patella_.html
(478 words)
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| | Patella Problems in Dogs |
| | A likely problem is luxation of the patella (dislocation of the kneecap) in the affected leg. | | | I would appreciate any help that you could offer at this time about medication or other avenues to correct this or to lessen his pain. | | | may have pain and the patella doesn't always return to normal positioning |
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http://www.vetinfo.com/dpatella.html
(3123 words)
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| | BFCA - Bichon Frise and Patella Luxation |
| | There are several degrees of luxation, with the lower grade being the ability of the kneecap to pop back into place on its own and the highest grade (of four) being such severe luxation that only surgical repair can correct the dislocation. | | | Signs of patellar luxation are limping, pain, and the dog may frequently stop to stretch his rear leg behind him. | | | The surgery should not be dangerous for an otherwise healthy dog and permanent repair means an active life for your pet for years to come. |
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http://www.bichon.org/patella.htm
(798 words)
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| | Bipartite patella - DynoMed.com |
| | Bipartite patella will not usually cause pain, but if it does, resting the knee and limiting jumping should treat the pain. Stretching and strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstring muscles will also help. | | | Again, sometimes the pain can come from the straining or separation of the cartilage tissue that connects the bipartite patella. | | | Bipartite patella is congenital (meaning it was there from birth) but no one knows what causes the condition. It is not thought to be hereditary. |
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http://www.dynomed.com/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/knee_and_lower_leg/Bipartite_Patella.html
(309 words)
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| | Chapter 32 On the Patella |
| | The patella is also particularly responsible for preventing the femur from dislocating forward out of the depressions of the tibia in flexion of the lower leg. | | | Small foramina are readily observed here as in the anterior surface of the patella even without the help of characters to identify them. | | | These authors were perhaps thinking of the material of the tendons to which the patella is attached, which when boiled resembles soft cartilage, like the parts from which the sinewy heads of the muscles or the ligaments take their origin or into which they are inserted. |
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http://vesalius.northwestern.edu/chapters/FA.1.32.html
(864 words)
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| | Luxating patella - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The surgery involves deepening the groove that the patella sits in. | | | The most serious stages require surgery to correct. | | | This can be caused by some form of blunt trauma, or may be a congenital defect. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxating_patella
(109 words)
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| | Kyle Palmer, M.D. - The Knee - Anatomy, Sturcture, ACL Injuries, Menicus, Patella, Treatment, & Surgery |
| | Kyle Palmer, M.D. - The Knee - Anatomy, Sturcture, ACL Injuries, Menicus, Patella, Treatment, & Surgery |
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http://www.kylepalmermd.com/knee/knee-full-04.htm
(26 words)
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| | eMedicine - Patella, Fractures : Article by Christine Lamoureux, MD |
| | Clinical Details: A fracture of the patella should be considered when the patient presents with persistent patellar tenderness and pain or a joint effusion with a history of a direct or indirect injury. | | | Therefore ultrasonography rarely is used in clinical practice. | | | A fracture or fibrous nonunion of a bipartite patella may be acute or a result of chronic stress. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic528.htm
(3689 words)
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| | Movie techniques, MRI/CT data combine with computer modeling of knee/patella to aid surgery |
| | What you have is a powerful tool to direct and then check surgical procedures, with the potential to study the effects of drug therapy and disease on a specific physiological system and throughout the body. | | | Two studies involved corrective procedures to reduce cartilage stress and another assessed literature on surgical outcomes of muscle length changes for children with cerebral palsy. | | | *Paper presentation: "An anatomically based patient specific model of patella articulation: Towards a diagnostic tool," 12:30 p.m.-3 p.m. |
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http://www.news-medical.net/?id=8863
(653 words)
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| | Luxating patella |
| | Large breed dogs that have patellar luxation may have increased risk for reluxation of the patella if a corrective femoral osteotomy is not performed | | | By having the surgery done earlier, the chance of developing significant arthritis is decreased | | | Below left is a dog that has a deformity of the femur bone which causes the hind limb to be "bow-legged" and has resulted in the patellar luxation. |
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http://www.vetsurgerycentral.com/patella.htm
(2402 words)
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| | Patella strap for runners knee and chondromalacia |
| | This patella strap provides the ideal in therapeutic support - conforming compression without restricting circulation. | | | Focus pressure on the tendon below the kneecap | | | The Gel-Band Patella Strap is packaged with an informative Knee Guide that explains the common conditions affecting the patella, their causes and symptoms, and the suggested treatments. |
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http://www.supportsusa.com/knee/straps/gelband.htm
(140 words)
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| | patella on Encyclopedia.com |
| | Patella is often a problem for smaller breeds of dogs. | | | Patella is often a problem for smaller breeds of dogs.(The Dallas Morning News) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/x/x-patella.asp
(307 words)
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| | Patellar Tendinitis |
| | The patellar tendon is a structure that attaches the quadriceps muscle group to the tibia (shin bone). | | | The patellar tendon is also referred to as the patellar ligament; some anatomists believe that since this structure connects the patella to tibia it should be classified as a ligament. | | | Ligaments connect bone to bone while tendons connect muscles to bone. |
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http://www.athleticadvisor.com/Injuries/LE/Knee/patellar_tendinitis.htm
(602 words)
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| | PATELLA (CHONDROMALACIA) |
| | Usually Physical Therapy is necessary and a home exercise program is necessary. | | | This treatment is directed at re-establishing the normal biomechanical relationship between the patella and the femur. | | | Fortunately, most of the pain syndromes that result in pain around the front of the patella and the front of the knee usually resolve with non-surgical treatment. |
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http://www.arthroscopy.com/sp05032.htm
(1099 words)
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| | Chondromalacia patella |
| | The most common knee problems encountered in clinical practice involve the patella, because its anatomical placement subjects it directly to a variety of bony and soft tissue disorders. | | | , patella means the back of the knee bone, which is call the patella, (and there) is the thickest cartilage in the body. | | | Behind the patella is a layer of articular cartilage-the thickest layer of cartilage found in any of the joints of the body. |
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http://jointrehab.com/chondromalacia_patella.htm
(712 words)
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| | eMedicine - Nail-Patella Syndrome : Article by Anna Choczaj-Kukula MD, PhD |
| | However, congenital permanent dislocation of the patella (CPDP) should be treated with surgical procedures. | | | Although more than 90% of patients with NPS have patellar involvement, most patients are asymptomatic and rarely require surgical treatment. | | | The first symptom that usually causes the patient to seek medical care is knee pain or an inability to completely extend the knee joint. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic813.htm
(2244 words)
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| | Online Medical Library — Encyclopedia — Chondromalacia of the Patella |
| | This diagnosis has come to be defined as any condition which creates a painful kneecap. | | | Chondromalacia patella is a painful outcome of some abnormal mechanical problem with patella (kneecap) tracking. | | | These exercises will include straight leg raises which will strengthen the group of muscles known as the “quadriceps.” |
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http://www.stjohn.org/HipAndKneeCenter/Encyclopedia/ChondromalaciaOfThePatella
(128 words)
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| | Patella definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms |
| | The patella is a sesamoid bone, a little bone (sesamoid = like a sesame seed) that is embedded in a joint capsule or tendon, in this case the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps muscle (the "quad"). | | | Patella definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms | | | Patella: The kneecap by another name, the patella is the small bone that is in the front of the knee. |
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http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4795
(247 words)
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| | Patella pain in female athletes (summary of Pearl handout): |
| | Patella pain in female athletes (summary of Pearl handout): | | | the patella (sesamoid bone) is encased in the quadriceps muscle and they guide the patella in the femoral groove | | | over-pronation of the foot may increase/alter the forces on the lateral facet of the patella due to increase in valgus position of the knee |
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http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/%7Esusankv/ems410/Patella.html
(355 words)
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| | Knee cap dislocation - patella, patellar, subluxations, dislocating |
| | The patella is probably the bone that is the most commonly dislocated in the body. | | | Patellar instability means any problem that can cause your knee cap ("patella") to dislocate - slip out of socket. | | | You should contact your physician for further information, diagnosis, testing, or advice on how to use the information/products listed in this site. |
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http://www.jointhealing.com/pages/knee/pat_instab.html
(459 words)
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| | LUXATING PATELLA (KNEE CAP) |
| | The quadriceps muscle group starts to shorten, making it difficult to extend the leg fully. | | | Luxation may result from traumatic injury or congenital (present at birth) deformities. | | | Patient may or may not occasionally carry the affected leg. |
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http://www.cpvh.com/Articles/78.html
(997 words)
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| | Anterior Knee Pain |
| | Anterior knee pain (patella femoral syndrome) is very common in athletes. | | | Other causes for patella femoral syndrome include weak quadriceps muscles, injury to the knee, obesity and overuse. | | | Typically, pain is increased during activities involving stair climbing, squatting or kneeling. |
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http://info.med.yale.edu/ortho/ysmc/injuries/knee.htm
(289 words)
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| | WVU's Patella suffers career-ending concussion - PittsburghLIVE.com |
| | West Virginia coach John Beilein said Patella will remain with the program for the rest of the season and possibly in the future while he completes his degree in business. | | | Patella scored 30 points in 21 games as a freshman in 2002-03 before sitting out last season. | | | Patella did not play in any of the Mountaineers' first three regular-season games this season. |
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http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/tribune-review/sports/college/s_278883.html
(620 words)
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| | Patellofemoral pain - DynoMed.com |
| | It is painful and can also damage the cartilage. | | | PFS can be misdiagnosed as Chondromalacia Patellae, a chronic, degenerative condition that affects the cartilage surrounding the patella. PFS may turn in to Chondromalacia Patella over time if not treated. An x-ray is needed to properly diagnose the condition. | | | When the person straightens the quadriceps muscles, the patella will be forced to the outside of the knee. |
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http://www.dynomed.com/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/knee_and_lower_leg/Patello-Femoral_pain.html
(459 words)
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| | DBLP: Marco Patella |
| | Stefania Ardizzoni, Ilaria Bartolini, Marco Patella: Windsurf: Region-Based Image Retrieval Using Wavelets. | | | Ilaria Bartolini, Paolo Ciaccia, Marco Patella: A Framework for the Comparison of Complex Patterns. | | | Paolo Ciaccia, Marco Patella, Pavel Zezula: Processing Complex Similarity Queries with Distance-Based Access Methods. |
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http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/p/Patella:Marco.html
(368 words)
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| | Nail-patella syndrome |
| | Nail patella syndrome or hereditary osteo-onychodysplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder defined by the association of nail dysplasia, bone anomalies and renal disease. | | | The disease has been reported in patients worldwide. | | | Renal symptoms are observed in 30 to 40% of cases, with proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. |
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http://www.orpha.net/static/GB/nailpatella_syndrome.html
(142 words)
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| | OFA: Patellar Luxation Information |
| | The patella is usually reducible, and laxity of the medial collateral ligament may be evident. | | | Pain is present in some cases, especially when chondromalacia of the patella and femoral condyle is present. |
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http://www.offa.org/patluxgeninfo.html
(709 words)
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| | Luxating Patella |
| | First, and most commonly, is medially luxating patellas (MLP) which are congenital (existing from birth) and commonly affect cats and smaller breed of dogs. | | | Most surgical corrections of patellar luxations consist of deepening the groove in which the patella rides, removal of redundant (excess) tissues and possibly, movement of the bone on which the patellar ligament inserts. | | | The second type is laterally luxating patellas which are often the result of trauma and can affect any pet. |
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http://bulldogsworld1.homestead.com/LuxatingPatella.html
(394 words)
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