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| | Oxygen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Oxygen is essential to respiration, so oxygen supplementation has found use in medicine (as oxygen therapy). | | | Oxygen derivatives are prone to form free radicals, especially in metabolic processes. | | | For instance, the naturally-occurring glutathione can act as an antioxidant, as can bilirubin which is normally a breakdown product of hemoglobin. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen
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| | Oxygen Bars: Is a Breath of Fresh Air Worth It? |
| | Oxygen fans tout the benefits of oxygen as reducing stress, increasing energy and alertness, lessening the effects of hangovers, headaches, and sinus problems, and generally relaxing the body. | | | Most oxygen bar proprietors are careful not to make medical claims for their product, and state that their oxygen is not a medical gas--it's made and offered strictly for recreational use. | | | While some oxygen bars are located in health spas or other facilities that don't allow smoking, others are found in nightclubs or casinos where smoking is common. |
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http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2002/602_air.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The major problem with oxygen is that you may get little or no warning of an attack and your chances of surviving one are remote. | | | There is an excellent article in Technical Diver 3.2 by Dr Bill Hamilton on oxygen limits in which he points out the absurdity of thinking that the oxygen exposure limits are hard boundaries to which we can dive. | | | The result is similar to flu or pneumonia symptoms; coughing, breathing difficulty, lack of co-ordination, sore throat and chest. |
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http://www.aquanaut.com/misc/nitrox.txt
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| | Pulmonary Response to Hyperoxia: Effects of Magnesium |
| | In a model of hyperoxic lung injury, rats were exposed to 100% oxygen for 48, 64, and 96 hr and several experiments were performed. | | | Overall, hypomagnesemia tended to magnify the degree of hyperoxic lung injury, while high-dose Mg therapy tended to attenuate the effects of hyperoxia. |
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http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/1994/Suppl-10/dedhia-full.html
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| | Oxygen Therapy For Diving Accidents: At Atmospheric and Hyperbaric Pressure |
| | This is where oxygen plays a vital role in hyperbaric therapy. | | | Oxygen can be very helpful for any hypoxic victim, but that is not the primary reason for having oxygen available when diving. | | | The overall goals of supplemental oxygen therapy are to hasten recovery, preserve organ function, save a life. |
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http://www.lakesidepress.com/pulmonary/books/scuba/sectionh.htm
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| | UpToDate Oxygen toxicity |
| | Specific issues related to the administration of oxygen in the setting of hypercapnia and guidelines for long-term oxygen therapy are discussed separately. | | | While the administration of supplemental oxygen is invaluable in many clinical situations, excessive or inappropriate oxygen therapy has potentially deleterious consequences. | | | (See "Use of oxygen in patients with hypercapnia" and see "Long-term supplemental oxygen therapy"). |
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http://patients.uptodate.com/topic.asp?file=cc_medi/20009
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| | Virtual Naval Hospital: United States Naval Flight Surgeon Manual: Third Edition 1991: Chapter 1: Oxygen Toxicity |
| | The paradox occurs when reoxygenation is brought about suddenly and in severe cases it can result in muscle spasms and unconsciousness which may last from a few seconds up to a minute. | | | Pulmonary atelectasis during flight may result in several performance-degrading effects, including distracting or perhaps even incapacitating cough and chest pain and arterial hypoxia due to the shunt of venous blood through the nonaerated alveoli. | | | The need for oxygen to sustain life at any altitude is indisputable. |
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http://www.vnh.org/FSManual/01/10OxygenToxic.html
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| | Oxygen Therapy |
| | Oxygen therapy should not be used in lieu of but in addition to mechanical ventilation when ventilatory support is indicated. | | | The procedure addressed is the administration of oxygen therapy in the acute care hospital other than with mechanical ventilators and hyperbaric chambers. | | | Under normal circumstances, low-flow oxygen systems (including cannulas and simple masks) do not present clinically important risk of infection and need not be routinely replaced.(1) High-flow systems that employ heated humidifiers and aerosol generators, particularly when applied to subjects with artificial airways, can pose important risk of infection. |
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http://www.rcjournal.com/online_resources/cpgs/otachcpg.html
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| | eMedicine - Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy : Article by Michael Neumeister, MD, FRCSC, FACS |
| | Foster JH: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: contraindications and complications. | | | Following Priestley's discovery of oxygen in the late 1700s, Beddoes developed a pneumatic laboratory enriched with oxygen to treat chronic conditions such as leprosy. | | | Unfortunately, as the availability of hyperbaric medicine chambers increased, the indiscriminate and inappropriate use of the chamber for a variety of medical conditions by practitioners searching for a "cure-all" therapy resulted in a backlash from the scientific society, once again tarnishing the credibility of hyperbaric medicine. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/plastic/topic526.htm
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| | eMedicine - Toxicity, Carbon Monoxide : Article by Guy Shochat, MD |
| | Seizures are most often secondary to oxygen toxicity and do not mandate anticonvulsant therapy or discontinuation of HBO therapy. | | | Obtain a chest x-ray with significant intoxications, pulmonary symptoms, or if hyperbaric oxygen is to be used. | | | This should not result in the withholding of oxygen therapy in the already compromised patient. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic817.htm
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| | Bibliography: Oxygen |
| | Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Oxygen and Bubbles, UHM, 31(4), 2004, 73-79. | | | Recompression And Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Sources, May/June, 1993, 33-39. | | | Oxygen Therapy Equipment: A Theoretical Review, SPUMS, 28(3), Sept. 1998, 165-172. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~divegeeked/biblios/oxygen.htm
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| | Barotrauma, Oxygen Toxicity, and Chronic Lung Disease -- Mammel et al. 108 (2): 525 -- Pediatrics |
| | A major problem with this study is the use of the "oxygen at 36 weeks" surrogate for chronic lung disease (CLD). | | | Van Marter et al have demonstrated a differing incidence of the use of oxygen at 36 weeks' postconceptional age between centers. | | | The STOP-ROP, Multicenter Study Group Supplemental therapeutic oxygen for prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (STOP-ROP), a randomized, controlled trial. |
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http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/108/2/525
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| | Oxygen Toxicity
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| | There is no therapy to reverse toxic pulmonary changes. | | | Seizures have not been reported with HBO therapy in veterinary medicine | | | The lungs are the primary organ affected by high fractional inspired oxygen (FiO |
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http://www.vspn.org/vspnsearch/aow/oxygentoxicity.htm
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| | First Responder Concerns About Oxygen Toxicity |
| | Oxygen, in biological systems, continually forms “bad stuff,” (extremely reactive materials like free radicals, super-oxides, radical anions, etc. Think of this "bad stuff" as "body rust.") that interferes with normal physiological processes. | | | Besides, in the clinical situation, even though numbers are important tracking devices and guidelines, therapeutic protocols (time/depth/breathing gas) are evaluated and determined by the medical staff based on individual patient behavior and needs. | | | This situation arises from changes in the respiratory and circulatory system's cellular structure when exposed to high concentrations of oxygen. |
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http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxyconcern.htm
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| | Session Abstract #20 |
| | Therefore the risk is increased at PO that is used in diving and hyperbaric therapy. | | | at oxygen pressures of 456 – 709 kPa. | | | CNS oxygen toxicity can occur as convulsions and loss of consciousness, without any premonitory symptoms. |
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http://medic.bgu.ac.il/ispp/session_abstract_20.htm
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| | Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit |
| | Like other drugs, however, oxygen has a therapeutic window: high concentrations are toxic to the lung, and humans and experimental animals exposed to Fi02 >60% may develop fatal acute lung injury. | | | Oxygen is a valuable therapeutic agent in treatment of respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. | | | These processes are prominent in animals models of oxygen toxicity. |
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http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/pulmonarycare/research/dnadamage.html
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| | Adverse Effects of Low-Flow Oxygen Therapy |
| | Adaptive and Maladaptive Physiologic Responses to Low-Flow Oxygen | | | Since the early descriptions of oxygen toxicity it has been learned that hyperoxia can have adverse effects on many types of tissues (Table 1- see RCJ) Inaddition to direct tissue toxicity, the major adverse effects of oxygen therapy are maladaptive physiologic responses (eg, hypercarbia) and nonmedical adverse effects (eg, oxygen therapy-related fires). | | | It was clear from these early studies that there was a critical level of oxygen necessary for survival Menough to supply important metabolic processes but not so much as to injure the organism. |
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http://www.rcjournal.com/contents/01.00/01.00.0054.asp
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| | Oxygen toxicity protocols |
| | These techniques are not recommended for anyone's use except WKPP personnel. | | | This diver may well tox again and at NO TIME should they be left alone. | | | This also needs to be carried out before respirations resume. |
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http://www.the-scuba-shop.com/Oxtox.htm
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| | Comments: PEDS - Potential for oxygen toxicity (A) |
| | Have a comment or want to view this worksheet? | | | While the implication that ventilation with room air may be more "neuro-safe" than with 100% O2 for primary cardiac arrest in peds and adults with good lung and heart function prior to the cardiac arrest, could you comment on the situation of respiratory arrest only, cardiac arrest yet to occur. | | | I have previously been Director of Emergency Services at the USAF Hospital, Andrews and Medical Director of the American Safety & Health Institute. |
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http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3027933
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| | Oxygen toxicity |
| | This causes damage to the cell lining of the lungs, the lung walls, the formation of fluid in the lungs and causes a feeling of shortness of breath combined with a burning throat and chest. | | | PO toxicity is not a serious problem since it is difficult to expose oneself to oxygen long enough for this to become a real problem. | | | Attention to these points will ensure that oxygen toxicity becomes a managed risk. |
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http://members.tripod.com/tjaartdb0/html/oxygen_toxicity.html
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