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| | Pain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Nociception is the physiological sense for perception of physiological pain. | | | Nociception is a neurophysiologic term and denotes the activity in the nerve pathways. | | | Interestingly, the brain itself is devoid of nociceptive tissue, and hence cannot experience pain (thus a headache is not pain in the brain itself). |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociception
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| | Nociception |
| | Nociception is the term commonly used to refer to the perception of pain. | | | The neuronal mechanism of nociception and pain perception have been treated. | | | If a dissociation between nociception and pain appraisal occurs, the experience of pain would not bear on behavior, as the affect is missing. |
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http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro98/202s98-paper3/Pernar3.html
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| | pijncentrum |
| | The management of nociception and pain and its consequences is the central therapeutic area of anaesthesiology and all of its subspecialties (anaesthesia, intensive care, pain medicine, emergency medicine). | | | Research in the field of nociception and pain is thus imperative for the continued development (and existence!) of anaesthesiology as an academic speciality — and to permit much-needed progress in the management of diseases associated with pain, or whose treatment is associated with pain. | | | Furthermore, based on mechanism-based diagnostics, we aim to investigate questions of fundamental importance in nociception and pain such as the process of pain chronification, the mechanisms of specific chronic pain syndromes, the relationship between nociception and other disease outcomes, and therapeutic and preventive approaches to nociception and its acute and chronic consequences. |
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http://www.umcn.nl/scientist/afdelingen/pijncentrum
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| | Nociception |
| | The NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors are key mediators of chronic nociceptive phenomena in the spinal cord and the thalamus. | | | Nociceptive activity can be modulated at several peripheral and central relay points in pain pathways. | | | Receptors and signalling mechanisms involved in neurotrophin-produced modulation of nociception are areas of intensive current research and represent novel avenues for pharmacological intervention in chronic pain states. |
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http://encref.springer.de/mp/0002.htm
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| | Merck Vet. Edition - Limb Paralysis: Introduction |
| | With peroneal nerve lesions, nociception on the cranial surface of the hock and tibia and on the dorsal aspect of the foot is reduced or absent. | | | Superficial nociception is tested by observing a behavioral response (such as looking, wincing, crying or biting) when the skin is pinched with hemostatic forceps or pricked with a needle. | | | Deep nociception is tested by applying hemostatic forceps to the bones of the digits or hoof testers to the hoof and observing a behavioral response. |
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http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/htm/bc/101200.htm
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| | IASP Newsletter Technical Corner: Pain, Its Perception and Pain Imaging |
| | Although nociception may give rise to the experience of pain, pain may arise in the absence of nociception. | | | Nociception is the response to excitation of nociceptors. | | | Support for the idea that the anterior cingulate processes the affective components of pain comes from PET studies of patients with atypical facial pain where psychogenic mechanisms are thought to contribute to the perseveration of the pain. |
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http://www.iasp-pain.org/TC97MayJune.html
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| | Module 10: Overview and Assessment of Cancer Pain |
| | In patients with cancer, structural disease or neuropathic processes can usually be identified as etiologic, but this does not obviate the need for a careful assessment of other factors, such as psychological disturbances, that could be influencing the intensity of the pain or contributing to pain-related distress. | | | The definition of pain may be clarified by distinguishing nociception, pain, and suffering (Figure: Distinctions and interactions between nociception, pain, and suffering). | | | Failure to address these other factors while targeting therapy at sources of nociception can lead to a poor outcome, in which the focus of tissue damage is ameliorated but the pain continues. |
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http://www.ama-cmeonline.com/pain_mgmt/module10/04defin
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| | Nociception, Mechanoreception and Proprioception ... What's the Difference and What Do They Have to Do with ... |
| | Clearly, the clinical importance of pain and nociception should not be minimized. | | | Potential outcomes of nociceptive input to the cord include pain, autonomic symptoms, vasoconstriction and muscle spasm. | | | The topics of nociception, mechanoreception, and proprioception are not well understood by many BOOPer and nonBOOPer DCs and thus, stand as fertile ground from which impersonal support of chiropractic might begin. |
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http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/12/24/16.html
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| | Nociception and Subluxation David R. Seaman, DC, MS, DABCN |
| | If you are a BOOPer or a non-BOOPer and have not investigated the topic of nociception and subluxation, then here is a chance for both sides to agree on a basic tenet of chiropractic -- nerve (nociception) irritation -- and approach it from the science of the 1990s. | | | A basic point to understand is that pain is merely one possible outcome of nociception. | | | A major misconception, held by BOOPers and non-BOOPers, is the presumption that nociception equates with pain. |
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http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/12/20/11.html
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| | PainOnline |
| | Nociception in the cerebellum of the laboratory rat | | | In fact, when stimulated, the superficial cells of the cerebellum (Purkinje cells) tended to heighten the sensitivity of neurons in the spinal cord pathway that relay visceral nociception (similar to the pathway that relays visceral pain in humans) to noxious colorectal distension. | | | In this study, the aim was to correlate the event of nociception in the rat with the areas in the brain that are more active than the baseline, i.e. |
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http://www.painonline.org/LittleBrain.htm
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| | Nat' Academies Press, (NAS Colloquium) The Neurobiology of Pain (1999) |
| | The broad range of environmental influences, such as attention, fear, and the placebo effect on the perception of pain suggests that cortical association areas and their subcortical connections are critical participants in mediating the cognitive aspects of pain. | | | The structures most consistently activated across genders and during contact heat pain, cold pain, cutaneous laser pain or intramuscular pain were the contralateral insula and anterior cingulate cortex, the bilateral thalamus and premotor cortex, and the cerebellar vermis. | | | The processing of nociceptive stimuli is modulated by the forebrain at spinal, brainstem, and diencephalic levels. |
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http://www.nap.edu/books/0309065488/html/42.html
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| | March/April 1996 - Resource Reviews, part 1 - Pain and the Brain: From Nociception to Cognition |
| | Those who focus their studies on the nociceptive processes to the exclusion of affect and environment are not likely to capture much of the variability in humans. | | | The review articles and original papers focus on the role of the human brain in processing nociceptive information. | | | March/April 1996 - Resource Reviews, part 1 - Pain and the Brain: From Nociception to Cognition |
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http://www.ampainsoc.org/pub/bulletin/mar96/resrev1.htm
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| | Untitled Document |
| | Distinct from other sensations, nociception is responsive to a diversity of stimulus that may arise from any origin, while being able to distinguish them between being nocuous and innocuous. | | | Intermixed together, these neurons project their axons into the spinal cord and transmit their signals into the brain for the interpretation of pain. | | | The initial perception of pain occurs at the site of so-called nociceptors, a set of neurons that are specialized in detection of harmful events. |
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http://www.smbs.buffalo.edu/CENTERS/csmb/Qin/research_nociception.htm
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| | Journal of Circadian Rhythms Full text Daily rhythm of nociception in rats |
| | It is concluded that nociception exhibits robust daily rhythmicity in rats. | | | The present study evaluated the daily rhythmicity in nociception in Wistar rats. | | | Sensitivity to pain is highest late in the dark phase of the light-dark cycle and lowest at the light-dark transition. |
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http://www.jcircadianrhythms.com/content/2/1/2
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| | Long-Chuan Yu: Role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in nociception. Interactions with substance P and opioids |
| | This thesis presents a study of calcitonin gene-relaled peptide (CGRP) and its anltagonist CGRP8-37 and the interactions with substance P and opioids on the transmission of presumed nociceptive information at the spinal cord level in the rat. | | | These results indicate that CGRP contriubtes to the spinal transmission of presumed nociceptive information in mononeuropathic rats. | | | Conclusion: CGRP plays an important role in the transmission of presumed nociceptive information in the spinal cord of intact, inflammatory and mononeuropathic rats. |
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http://diss.kib.ki.se/abstract/980219yuxx.html
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| | British Journal of Pharmacology - Contribution of vanilloid receptors to the overt nociception induced by B2 kinin ... |
| | To explore the relationship between the in vitro and in vivo BK nociceptive effect, we have performed experiments with cyclooxygenase blocking and found that i.pl. injection of ibuprofen was not able to reduce BK-induced nociception. | | | All experiments were carried out in accordance with current guidelines for the care of laboratory animals and ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals (Zimmermann, 1983). | | | Capsaicin desensitization greatly reduced BK-induced nociception, but in contrast, the desensitization to BK increased the capsaicin response. |
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http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v141/n5/full/0705546a.html
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| | Prenatal Pain vs. "Nociception:" Psychological Construct? |
| | The psychological nature of pain also distinguishes it from nociception, which involves physical activation of nociceptive pathways without the subjective emotional experience of pain. | | | Although pain is commonly associated with physical noxious stimuli, such as when one suffers a wound, pain is fundamentally a psychological construct that may exist even in the absence of physical stimuli, as seen in phantom limb pain. | | | For example, nociception without pain exists below the level of a spinal cord lesion, where reflex withdrawal from a noxious stimulus occurs without conscious perception of pain. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1470164/posts
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| | Opiates & Nociception |
| | Hence research into opiates has enabled us to make advances in areas such as opiate addiction and treatment, the neuropharmacological basis of reinforcement, the physiological basis of nociception, analgesia and sedation and the development of improved pharmacological, surgical and alternative approaches to the management of chronic pain. | | | Though we naturally enough tend to think of the experience of pain in negative terms, it actually serves a highly important and complex purpose in warning us of aversive or damaging stimuli. | | | Opiates, Opioids and Nociception - The Importance of Pain |
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http://www.stir.ac.uk/postgrads/psychology/pgm1/Opiates_and_Nociception.htm
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| | July/August 1996- Resource Reviews, part 2- Peripheral Neurons in Nociception |
| | This is a useful reference volume for those who want to review the physiology and pharmacology of nociception and pain states induced by peripheral nerve lesions. | | | Some of the concepts (e.g., reflex sympathetic dystrophy, as discussed in Janig's chapter) have evolved rapidly in the 3 years since their writing and make the volume seem dated. | | | July/August 1996- Resource Reviews, part 2- Peripheral Neurons in Nociception |
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http://www.ampainsoc.org/pub/bulletin/jul96/resrev2.htm
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| | P2X Receptors and Nociception -- Chizh and Illes 53 (4): 553 -- Pharmacological Reviews |
| | Bean BP, Williams CA and Ceelen PW (1990) ATP-activated channels in rat and bullfrog sensory neurons: current-voltage relation and single-channel behavior. | | | in acute segmental nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord | | | to directly evoke pain or nociceptive behavior, both ATP and |
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http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/53/4/553
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| | BBC - h2g2 - Nociception - Pain |
| | This occurs in a region of the midbrain called the Thalamus, hence the name of the tract (spino- as it is within the spine, and thalamic as it goes towards the thalamus). | | | For all sensory nerves, not just those concerned with nociception, this is the major changeover point. | | | You have just experienced the process of nociception, literally the sensing of noxious feeling - simply, the feeling of pain. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A653302
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| | Pituitary-Adrenocortical Responses to Persistent Noxious Stimuli in the Awake Rat: Endogenous Corticosterone Does Not ... |
| | Taylor B, Peterson MA, Basbaum A 1995 Persistent cardiovascular and behavioral nociceptive responses to subcutaneous formalin require peripheral nerve input. | | | Taylor BK, Peterson MA, Basbaum AI 1997 Continuous intravenous infusion of naloxone does not change behavioral, cardiovascular, or inflammatory responses to subcutaneous formalin in the rat. | | | the formalin response are thought to represent acute and persistent nociception, |
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http://endo.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/139/5/2407
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| | Herman, Ola, Molecular mechanisms of nociception in the rat brain |
| | The pontine parabrachial nucleus (PB) is a major recipient of fibers from nociceptive (pain-responsive) spinal and trigeminal dorsal horn neurons. | | | Herman, Ola, Molecular mechanisms of nociception in the rat brain | | | Molecular Mechanisms of Nociception in the Rat Brain |
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http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp97/med514s.htm
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| | PANG, Pain and Nociception Group Symposia |
| | anesthesiology, neurology, pain management, nociception, clinical pain medicine, nursing, acute pain, cancer pain, chronic pain, regional anesthesia, pain relief, pain control, pain killers, pharmacology |
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http://mediconf.com/recs/20777902.HTM
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| | Perception - encyclopedia article about Perception. |
| | (body awareness), equilibrioception (balance), thermoception (heat) and nociception (pain). | | | Beyond these, some believe in the existence of other senses such as precognition (or foretelling) or telepathy (direct communication between human minds/brains without transmittance through any other medium). | | | It is the sense that indicates whether or not your body is moving with required effort, as well as where the various parts of the body are located in relation to each other. |
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http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/perception
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| | How Might Thoughts and Diet Influence Nociception and Subluxation? David R. Seaman, DC, MS, DABCN |
| | Sympathetic hyperactivity may be involved in the pathogenesis of various visceral disorders such as neurogenic pulmonary edema, peptic ulcers and pancreatitis.1 In the upper left hand corner of Figure A there is a sagital section of the brain, and projecting from it is the serotonergic descending inhibitory pathway (DIP). | | | They will continue to suffer from BOOP paranoia syndrome, and will never begin to appreciate the contemporary implications of this basic philosophical tenet of chiropractic. | | | Figure A demonstrates a proposed mechanism by which nociception can result in pain, autonomic symptoms, vasoconstriction and muscle spasm. |
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http://www.chiroweb.com/archives/12/22/14.html
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| | noc.html |
| | Because of the different pathways for nociception and mechanoreception, damage to the right half of the spinal cord will disrupt mechanoreception from the right side of the body and nociception from the opposite side of the body. | | | The following pain conditions show the importance of a well regulated pain system: | | | Neurons with opioid receptors are located in the spinal cord and brain. |
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http://www.vancouver.wsu.edu/fac/morgan/lecture/noc.html
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| | Capsaicin Induced Muscle Nociception |
| | Methods: A behavioral model of craniofacial muscle pain will be utilized to assess the involvement of TRPV1 in mediating nocifensive responses to capsaicin injection. | | | Conclusion: This study provides an evidence for the involvement of TRPV1 in mediating nociceptive responses caused by craniofacial muscle pain. | | | In this study the role of TRPV1 in mediating nociceptive responses produced by capsaicin injections intramuscularly will be assessed and the presence of TRPV1 in muscle afferent neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) will be investigated. |
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http://iadr.confex.com/iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_45363.htm
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| | Peripheral group I metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate nociception in mice - Nature Neuroscience |
| | Taken together, these results suggest that peripheral mGluRs mediate a component of hyperalgesia and may be therapeutically targeted to prevent and treat inflammatory pain. | | | Furthermore, group I mGluR antagonists not only prevent, but also attenuate established formalin-induced pain. | | | Given their localization on predominantly nociceptive afferents, we investigated whether these receptors modulate nociceptive signaling, and found that agonist-induced activation of peripheral group I mGluRs leads to increased sensitivity to noxious heat, a phenomenon termed thermal hyperalgesia. |
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http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/neuro/journal/v4/n4/abs/nn0401_417.html
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| | Spinal mediators involved in nociception |
| | Three types of opioid receptors are found in pain transmission pathways and are involved in spinal and supraspinal analgesia. | | | Glutamate can act on receptors such as NMDA and AMPA and is involved in various functions other than processing of nociception such as development of opioid tolerance and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. | | | NMDA receptors are found as autoreceptors in terminals of primary afferent fibers, where they can facilitate the transmission of inputs to the spinal cord by increasing the release of neurotransmitters from the primary afferent terminals SP released from primary afferents stimulates NK-1 receptors and is believed to play a major role in pain transmission. |
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http://www.geocities.com/mahindakommalage/spinal_mediators.html
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