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| | Mitochondria |
 | | Alternatively, the mitochondria might be involved in brain function in humans in a more complicated way than in other animals, and this might cause them to behave in the way I have outlined above. | | | The mitochondria in a cell do fuse from time to time. | | | And indeed we know that mitochondria are the focus of many of the drastic processes involved in apoptosis. |
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http://www.geocities.com/acgyles/mito.html
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| | Mitochondria Theory |
| | The focus of this theory, however, is aimed towards the mitochondria. | | | These mitochondria produce most of the energy used by the body. | | | But what if, as happened in the past, the mitochondria began to evolve to ensure survival? |
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http://www.angelfire.com/pe/MitochondriaEve
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| | Mitochondria and Bioenergetics (Are these the Jedi Mito/Medichlorines?) The real details -- MitoCs in Neurogenerative ... |
| | Mitochondria and Bioenergetics (Are these the Jedi Mito/Medichlorines?) The real details -- MitoCs in Neurogenerative Diseases, Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Breakdown, Biogenesis (Liver Surgery?, Chloroplasts and Chlamydomonas, and much more... | | | Understanding the Process of Aging : The Roles of Mitochondria, Free Radicals, and Antioxidants (Antioxidants in Health and Disease, 8) | | | Plant Mitochondria : With Emphasis on Rna Editing and Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
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http://www.omega23.com/books/s5/mitochondria.html
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| | Living with Mitochondrial Disease |
| | This makes the mitochondria useless for testing how it works (important if trying to determine if a person has too low a level of any of the Respiratory Chain Complexes). | | | If there are any problems in any one or combination of steps in this process, then the person will have mitochondrial disease. | | | The mitochondria is responsible for producing the energy in each cell. |
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http://www.rivendell-peds.com/hirsch/mito.htm
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| | mitochondria on Encyclopedia.com |
| | Modular kinetic analysis of the adenine nucleotide translocator-mediated effects of palmitoyl-CoA on the oxidative phosphorylation in isolated rat liver mitochondria.(Metabolism) | | | Analysis: New studies suggest problems with mitochondria may play a key role in metabolic syndrome | | | Roles of mitochondria in health and disease.(Section III: mitochondria, [beta]-cell function, and type 2 diabetes) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/X/X-mitochon.asp
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| | Does injury to mitochondria-the cell's powerhouse-cause aging? |
| | Not surprisingly, researchers are seeking to understand this injury as a critical part of the aging process, and perhaps a cause of a host of age-related diseases. | | | What directions will future research in mitochondria and aging take? | | | Their proximity to the free radicals they produce, combined with their exceedingly intricate structure, make them particularly vulnerable to injury over time. |
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http://www.infoaging.org/b-mito-home.html
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| | Mitochondria structure |
| | Mitochondria in situ can be free in the cytoplasm or packed in among more rigid structures, such as among the myofibrils of cardiac muscle tissue. | | | In cells such as muscle, it is clear that mitochondria are not spherical, and often are not even ellipsoid. | | | For example, in flagellated protozoa or in mammalian sperm, mitochondria are concentrated around the base of the flagellum or flagella. |
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http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~bioslabs/studies/mitochondria/mitotheory.html
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| | Mitochondria |
| | This ATP production by the mitochondria is done by the process of respiration, which in essence is the use of oxygen in a process which generates energy. | | | This is a very efficient process for using food energy to make ATP. | | | Muscle cells have many mitochondria, which allows them to respond quickly to the need for doing work. |
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http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/mitochondria.html
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| | Mitochondrion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Finally, mitochondria can fuse with one another, or split in two. | | | Thus it appears that there are no primitively amitochondriate eukaryotes, and so the origin of mitochondria may have played a critical part in the development of eukaryotic cells. | | | A few groups of unicellular eukaryotes lack mitochondria: the symbiotic microsporidians, metamonads, and entamoebids, and the free-living pelobionts. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion
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| | Mitochondria |
| | Supposedly, the oxygen tension went from 1% to more than 15% of the current levels within about 200 million years; this "environmental trauma" is thought to have pushed the symbiosis that lead to mitochondria organelles in primitive eukaryotes. | | | Mitochondria are phylogenically most closely related to the microbe Rickettsia prowazekii. | | | The structure of the DNA is double-stranded, circular, and about 16,569 bp in length for human mitochondria. |
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http://biology.kenyon.edu/Microbial_Biorealm/bacteria/proteobacteria/mitochondira/Mitochondria.htm
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| | Zim17, a Novel Zinc Finger Protein Essential for Protein Import into Mitochondria -- Burri et al. 279 (48): 50243 -- ... |
| | Import assays using energized mitochondria and a construct starting from the second methionine (+1) were analyzed after the indicated time points to observe the kinetics of the import reaction. | | | Mitochondria were treated with proteinase K after the import reaction for 15 min and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. | | | Mitochondria, pretreated with carbonyl cyanide p-chlorophenylhydrazone (de-energized) or with ATP and NADH (energized) were incubated for 5 min with the Zim17 translation products and then treated with proteinase K before analysis by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. |
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http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/279/48/50243
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| | Mitochondrial Substructure |
| | This pathway is called glycolysis and it occurs in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria. | | | They are functional and have helped us learn more about the compartmentation of mitochondria. | | | So, you can see how much more energy we can get out of a molecule of glucose if our mitochondria are working and if we have oxygen. |
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http://cellbio.utmb.edu/cellbio/mitochondria_1.htm
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| | Mitochondria |
| | All the mitochondria in your body came from your mother. | | | Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have these charactristics of prokaryotes (bacteria) this and other evidence has led biologists to formulated the endosymbiotic hypothesis. | | | Mitochondria are the site of most of the energy production in eukaryotic cells. |
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http://www.winterwren.com/apbio/cellorganelles/mito.html
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| | Mitochondria 2 |
| | The texts still say that mitochondria have no 5S rRNA, however the recent study cited above shows evidence for 5S in carefully prepared mitochondrial fractions. | | | However, aging patients may show a more severe disease phenotype. | | | These mitochondria have lost some or all of their DNA. |
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http://cellbio.utmb.edu/cellbio/mitoch2.htm
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| | IGN Boards - Mitochondria |
| | Still, I don't think we have to worry about mitochondria over-taking our bodies (unless I got cool powers like Aya...then I wouldn't mind) | | | Mitochondria might have been their own organism because they contain their own DNA, like chlorophyll and such. | | | It says that at one point in time Mitochondria were individual bacteria cells taht were self sufficient, so they didnt need to be in a cell. |
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http://boards.ign.com/message.asp?topic=46924656&replies=9&ui=gg_cb_post_10
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| | Bioenergetics |
| | The oxygen electrode: Design, theory and practical operation of oxygen electrode chambers. | | | Learning objectives: How to pass your exams by doing some work. | | | The system also powers many cellular transport processes. |
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http://www.bmb.leeds.ac.uk/illingworth/oxphos
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| | MigDB - The Mitochondria Interest Group |
| | Follow this link for Information on how to teleconference or view on the Web (or view on exclusively NIH Mbone network) Mitochondria Interest Group (MIG) Functions (Most MIG Functions are archived on the | | | This is the first generation database of the Mitochondria Interest Group (MIG), an Interinstitute Interest Group at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), with members from NIH and from organizations outside of NIH. | | | Government, NIH and their employees and contractors assume no legal liability for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed herein and do not represent that use of such information, appartus, product or process would not infringe on privately owned rights. |
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http://www-lecb.ncifcrf.gov/~zullo/migDB
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| | Cellular Respiration |
| | Although many different organs may be affected, disorders of the brain and muscles are the most common. | | | Curiously, only the mitochondria in their muscles have the mutation; the mtDNA of their other tissues is normal. | | | This has strengthened the theory that mitochondria are the evolutionary descendants of a prokaryote that established an endosymbiotic relationship with the ancestors of eukaryotic cells early in the history of life on earth. |
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http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/CellularRespiration.html
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| | Mitochondria |
| | Mitochondria are found in the cytoplasmic matrix of most cells. | | | The structure of the mitochondria is completely related to its functioning. | | | the mitochondria contain the respiratory enzymes catalyzing the reactions of the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, which form the latter stages of cellular respiration; |
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http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_ed/grade10/cells/mitochondria.htm
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| | Mitochondria |
| | Individuals may suffer from a condition known as mosaicism where some of the mitochondria are normal and some are abnormal. | | | One widely accepted theory states that Mitochondria are in fact evolved from prokaryotic cells similar to bacteria, and they have developed a symbiotic relationship with the eukaryotic cell. | | | The severity of the disease depends on the number of mitochondria affected. |
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http://www.jdaross.mcmail.com/mitochon.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Mitochondria are a lot like chloroplasts in their structure. | | | Their function is also similar, though in many ways, the reverse of each other. | | | Mitochondria are one of the best examples of how organelles form compartments that can isolate from the rest of the cytoplasm all of the enzymes necessary to carry out a specific process. |
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http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/miramesa/Organelles/mito.html
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| | Biocompare News - Mitochondria Findings May Help Beat Wide Range Of Disease |
| | New findings explaining the complicated process by which the "energy substations" of human cells split apart and recombine may lay the groundwork for new treatment approaches to a wide range of diseases, including some cancers and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. | | | What they discovered -- that mitochondria removed from their host-cell environment were nonetheless able to fuse -- surprised them because it suggested that mitochondria contain within themselves all the proteins necessary for fusion. | | | The mitochondrial fusion process is challenging to understand because mitochondria are structurally very complex, double-membrane bound organelles. |
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http://news.biocompare.com/newsstory.asp?id=53915
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| | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Genetics |
| | Many of the most common diseases which affect humans undoubtedly involve interactions of numerous genes, including coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and various kinds of cancer. | | | Mitochondria are small organelles present in most of the body's cells which function in the conversion of certain chemicals in our food, in the presence of oxygen, to the common currency of energy inside cells (ATP). | | | A person with a mitochondrial disorder may exhibit maternal inheritance (only individuals related by a maternal relative are at risk). |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002048.htm
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| | The mitochondrial web site |
| | Thus, numerous laboratories undertook studies in order to understand the real role played by mitochondria in those phenomenon, and to bring forth new therapies in the treatment of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions. | | | In the last 10 years, the discovery of pathologies where mitochondrial deficiencies were involved, and the control that mitochondria exert over life and death decisions in the cell have increased the interest in mitochondria. | | | For a long time the lone function of mitochondria was thought to supply energy to the cell (ATP) produced by the respiratory chain in the inner membrane by using oxygen. |
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http://members.aol.com/christofmorin
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| | Mitochondria 1 |
| | Describe multiple examples where mitochondria functions are integrated and thus facilitate one another. | | | Be able to explain mitochondrial heredity to a patient and, if there is a defect, why there is variability in severity of the disease in a given family. | | | Describe how products of mitochondria may leave for the cytoplasm. |
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http://www.cytochemistry.net/cell-biology/mitochondria_Intro.htm
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| | Cell-Biology.com: Cellular Organelles |
| | Cells with large amounts of metabolic activity, such as heart muscle, have many well developed mitochondria. | | | New mitochondria are formed from preexisting mitochondria when they grow and divide. | | | Mitochondria are mostly protein, but some lipid, DNA and RNA are present. |
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http://www.cell-biology.com/organ.html
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| | Mom's eggs execute Dad's mitochondria: Science News Online, Jan. 1, 2000 |
| | Schatten notes that a colleague has found sperm mitochondria in some defective embryos from infertility clinics. | | | We get all of our mitochondria from our mother, but our father's sperm mitochondria do enter the egg," says Gerald Schatten of the Oregon Health Sciences University in Beaverton. | | | This death sentence, a protein called ubiquitin, may explain why mammals inherit the DNA within mitochondria only from their mothers, a biological curiosity geneticists have used to trace human evolution (SN: 2/6/99, p. |
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http://www.sciencenews.org/20000101/fob3.asp
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| | Mitochondria Dr.Jastrows EM-Atlas |
| | Depending on its protein content the matrix of mitochondria may be dark or bright. | | | Usually mitochondria are present at intracellular locations where energy is required. | | | They can migrate through the cytoplasm and change their shape. |
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http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Medizin/Anatomie/workshop/EM/EMMitoE.html
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| | Mitochondria |
| | There are many mitochondria in animal tissues; for example, in heart and skeletal muscle, which require large amounts of energy for mechanical work, in the pancreas, where there is biosynthesis, and in the kidney, where the process of excretion begins. | | | Mitochondria have an outer membrane, which allows the passage of most small molecules and ions, and a highly folded inner membrane (cristae), which does not even allow the passage of small ions and so maintains a closed space within the cell. | | | In order to understand the mechanism by which the energy released during respiration is conserved as ATP, it is necessary to appreciate the structural features of mitochondria. |
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http://www.scripps.edu/mem/biochem/ayagi/mito.html
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| | Biology4Kids.com: Cell Structure: Mitochondria |
| | A mitochondrion may also be involved in controlling the concentration of calcium within the cell. | | | The mitochondria are the only place in the cell where oxygen can be combined with the food molecules. | | | Sometimes they can even grow, move, and combine with other mitochondria, depending on what the cell needs. |
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http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_mito.html
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| | Mitochondrion/Chloroplast |
| | Mitochondria are also self-reproducing, they have their own circular DNA, with a slightly modified version of the codons. | | | The fixed position is especially true of cells or locations in cells where there will be a need for a high amount of ATP production, such as, near flagella or between myofibrils of muscle. | | | The mitochondria major role is ATP production in the eukaryotic cell. |
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http://ccgb.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter2/mitochondria.html
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| | Mitochondria |
| | A cell may have hundreds or even thousands of mitochondria depending on the particular cell’s need for energy. | | | Mitochondria are often called the “powerhouses” of the cell because they are the | | | As the fertilized egg divides repeatedly to produce the trillions of cells of the human body, the |
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http://www.contexo.info/DNA_Basics/Mitochondria.htm
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| | Herrmann Lab Publications |
| | Conserved N-terminal negative charges in the Tim17 subunit of the TIM23 translocase play a critical role in the import of preproteins into mitochondria. | | | Analysis of protein-protein interactions in mitochondria by co-immunoprecipitation and chemical cross-linking. | | | Protein export across the inner membrane of mitochondria: The nature of translocated domains determines the dependence on the Oxa1 translocase. |
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http://physiolchem.web.med.uni-muenchen.de/herrmann/herrmann_pub.html
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| | Welcome to Mitochondria Research Society |
| | The purpose of MRS is to find a cure for mitochondrial diseases by promoting research on basic science of mitochondria, mitochondrial pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment through out the world. | | | The Mitochondria Research Society (MRS) is a nonprofit international organization of scientists and physicians. | | | Scientists who need help, please visit the following websites for information: |
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http://www.mitoresearch.org
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| | Life Science Safari - Mitochondria |
| | Mitochondria are organelles where food molecules are broken down and energy is released. | | | The energy is then stored in other molecules that can power cell reactions easily. | | | Just as a power plant supplies energy to a business, mitochondria release energy for the cell. |
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http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/mito.html
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| | Mitochondria and Chloroplasts |
| | Structure (larger than mitochondria); Compare to structure of Cyanobacteria from which chloroplasts are believed to be derived. | | | Have more than one membrane--2 in mitochondria and 3 in chloroplasts--one of which has a large surface area | | | Endosymbiont Hypothesis: these organelles are believed to be derived from prokaryotes engulfed by primitive eukaryotes; (Mitos from purple photosynthetic bacteria, Chloroplasts from cyanobacteria); provided improved efficiency of metabolism by allowing complete oxidation of food molecules in mitochondria or production of carbohydrate from CO2, H2O, and light in chloroplasts. |
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http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/TFrey/Biology356/Mitochondria_and_Chloropla.html
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| | The Longevity Meme -- pointing the way to a longer, healthier life |
| | It is grounded in the knowledge that mitochondrial function deteriorates with age, that mitochondria generate damaging molecules called free radicals, and that mutations accumulate in mitochondrial genes, some of them caused by free-radical assault." This is a hot area for research right now - and deservedly so. | | | We need more research funding for important basic science like this! | | | From the conservative side of the science bench: "Mitochondria are a source of energy and a lot of damage. |
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http://www.longevitymeme.org/news/view_news_item.cfm?news_id=1292
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| | Cell Organelles: Mitochondria |
| | It is on these cristae that food (sugar) is combined with oxygen to produce ATP - the primary energy source for the cell. | | | Mitochondria provide the energy a cell needs to move, divide, produce secretory products, contract - in short, they are the power centers of the cell. | | | Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles, and like the nucleus have a double membrane. |
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http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/mitochon.htm
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| | A Proposed Solution to Turf Kill under Impermeable Covers/A Proposed Solution to Turf Kill under Impermeable Covers |
| | Such plants contain an oxidase enzyme that exhibits a cyanide-resistant respiration whereby the mitochondria possess both the normal electron transport pathway and an alternate cyanide-resistant pathway (Kaufman et al., 1989 ; Taiz and Zeiger, 1991 ; Salisbury and Ross, 1992). | | | In fact, later research found that aerobic respiration in many plants is not strongly inhibited by cyanide (Lance et al., 1985 ; Lambers, 1985 ; Siedow and berthold, 1986). |
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http://www.asgq.org/documents/docs.htm?key=arc_12
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| | Metabolism Problem Set |
| | Which of the following statements about mitochondria is false? |
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http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/metabolism/08Q.html
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