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| | Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnea in preterm infants |
 | | Methylxanthines are thought to stimulate breathing efforts and have been used in clinical practice to reduce apnea since the 1970's. | | | Theophylline and caffeine are two forms of methylxanthine that have been used and they are effective for the treatment of infants with recurrent apnea ( Henderson-Smart 1996). | | | Although no effect of caffeine used as prophylaxis was found here, methylxanthines, including caffeine, are effective in reducing apnea and the use of IPPV when used to treat infants with apnea ( Henderson-Smart 1996). |
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http://www.nichd.nih.gov/cochraneneonatal/henderson2/henderson.HTM
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| | Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants (Cochrane Review) |
| | Selection criteria: All trials utilizing random or quasi-random patient allocation, in which methylxanthine (theophylline or caffeine) was compared with placebo or no treatment for apnea in preterm infants, were included. | | | Objectives: The objective of this review is to determine if methylxanthine treatment in preterm infants with recurrent apnea leads to a clinically important reduction in apnea and use of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), without clinically important side effects. | | | Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants (Cochrane Review) |
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http://www.cochrane.org/cochrane/revabstr/AB000140.htm
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| | Apnea |
| | Desaturation spells not associated with apnea are not benefited by methylxanthine therapy. | | | Debate regarding risk of interventions persists, some authors advocating use of methylxanthines prior to CPAP therapy. | | | Note: Apnea, bradycardia, and/or cyanotic spells associated with feeding, handling,suctioning,mucus plugging, etc. should not be counted when determining whether to initiate methylxanthine therapy. |
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http://neonatal.peds.washington.edu/NICU-WEB/apnea.stm
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| | British Journal of Pharmacology - The effect of selective and non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors on allergen- ... |
| | Extrinsic bronchial asthma is characterized by increased airway responsiveness to non-specific and specific stimuli, such as histamine, leukotrienes and allergen. | | | This finding suggests that adenosine receptor antagonism is unlikely to be an important mechanism through which methylxanthines relax bronchial tone and protect against allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in passively sensitized human airways. | | | However, in the present study the adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-phenyltheophylline, had no effect on bronchial tone or allergen responses in passively sensitized preparations. |
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http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v131/n8/full/0703725a.html
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| | Mechanism of methylxanthine sensitization of norepinephrine responses in a coronaryartery -- Kalsner et al. 228 (6): ... |
| | Mechanism of methylxanthine sensitization of norepinephrine responses in a coronaryartery | | | Mechanism of methylxanthine sensitization of norepinephrine responses in a coronaryartery -- Kalsner et al. | | | Beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated relazation to norepinephrine was enhanced by caffeine amd aminophylline in a coronary artery preparation of the beef in vitro.Augmented responses were not obtainable in the presence of known inhibitors of the extraneuronal uptake and metabolism of norepinephrine, estradiol-17beta, and the haloalkylamine GD-131, which themselves potentiate responses. |
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http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/228/6/1702
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| | Patent 5817454: Portable apparatus and method for detection of methylxanthine chemical species |
| | The method of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the inorganic phosphate is determined by calorimetric means. | | | Although this invention has been illustrated by reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made which clearly fall within the scope of this invention. | | | Also, of course, such inadvertent ingestion of caffeine is undesirable for pregnant women, persons having gastrointestinal disorders, and others who have been medically advised to avoid the ingestion of caffeine. |
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5817454.html
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| | MAAP CONSENSUS STATEMENT |
| | Check and maintain therapeutic methylxanthine levels (Theophylline 6-12 mcg/ml; caffeine 5-25 mcg/ml). | | | If temporary use of a monitor is desired, it should be accompanied by parent training in monitor use and CPR. | | | A multichannel study may be used to validate and describe the abnormal respiratory pattern and therapeutic response to methylxanthine treatment in these infants. |
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http://www.maap.info/consensus4.htm
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| | Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations |
| | When individual tumors were considered, a variety of patterns (including opposing effects) for changes in RBC flux were seen, not necessarily reflected in the mean values. | | | Methods and Materials: Anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats with DS-sarcomas implanted subcutaneously onto the hind foot dorsum were used in this study. | | | These substances may therefore be of use during tumor therapies in which the outcome may be detrimentally affected by the presence of hypoxia. |
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http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=20429123
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| | Temas pediátricos |
| | Prophylactic methylxanthine for the prevention of apnea in preterm infants | | | Doxapram vs methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants |
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http://orbita.starmedia.com/~sonape/temas2.htm
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| | Breathing Better: Action Plans Keep Asthma in Check |
| | Another class of long-term controller drugs is called anti-leukotriene medication, and examples include Singulair (montelukast) and Accolate (zafirlukast). | | | (For recent news about salmeterol, see "Safety Study on Serevent.") Cromolyn sodium, nedocromil, and methylxanthines are also in the controller anti-inflammatory category. |
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http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2003/203_asthma.html
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| | New Hope Animal Hospital - Canine toxicosis |
| | This column addresses all these questions and provides some practical advice on how to manage patients that have consumed this delicious but potentially dangerous food. | | | Methylxanthines increase free calcium of muscle cells, thereby increasing muscular contractility. | | | They also undergo a process called enterohepatic recirculation in which a substance is reabsorbed through the ileum and returned to the circulating bloodstream via the hepatic portal system. |
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http://www.nhahonline.com/k9toxicosis.htm
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| | CC-GO.COM - Altovis to Fight Fatigue |
| | Altovis was developed to safely give your body back the energy it needs. | | | This combination of premium ingredients helps to improve your energy level, mental acuity, and brain function. | | | The problem is, these solutions provide only a temporary boost—after a few hours, the natural body levels regulate, causing energy to crash and leaving us feeling even more fatigued than before. |
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http://cc-go.com/altovis.html
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| | Re: How and why does caffine effect the pulse rate of a person |
| | This may seem like boring biochemistry, and it is, so let's pull back to the whole cell and see what the effect is. | | | Caffeine is a methylxanthine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine to be exact), which is a modified purine. | | | Before ending, I should include another related mechanism of caffeine's effect on cAMP levels. |
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http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/feb2000/950223638.Cb.r.html
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| | News - Methylxanthine Therapy Increases Adverse Events With No Statistically Significant Benefit For COPD Patients |
| | Methylxanthine therapy, for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), results in no statistically significant benefit in lung function or symptoms of COPD, but does significantly increase nausea and vomiting according to a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. | | | Methylxanthine Therapy Increases Adverse Events With No Statistically Significant Benefit For COPD Patients | | | Overall, the methylxanthine treated patients, compared with placebo, had a non-significant reduction in hospital admissions but these were offset by a non-significant increase in relapses among the methylxanthine treated patients released from emergency departments. |
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http://www.docguide.com/news/content.nsf/news/9F40EC67AE1ECD6385256DA90064F1A2
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| | eMedicine - Toxicity, Theophylline : Article by Chandra D Aubin, MD |
| | Synonyms and related keywords: theophylline overdose, acute theophylline overdose, chronic theophylline intoxication, methylxanthine, asthma treatment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment, COPD treatment, theophylline adverse affects, theophylline prescription, methylxanthine derivative, 1,3-dimethylxanthine, smooth muscle relaxant, diuretic, cardiac stimulant, vasodilator, angina pectoris treatment, peripheral vascular disease treatment, bronchial asthma treatment | | | The occurrence of adverse effects with theophylline, even at levels in the therapeutic range, and the severity of its effects in acute and chronic overdose are notable; however, theophylline continues to be prescribed for some patients. | | | Pathophysiology: Theophylline is a methylxanthine derivative that may work by modulating adenosine, either by inhibiting phosphodiesterase and potentiating intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or by acting as an antagonist at adenosine receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, peripheral vasculature, CNS, and myocardium. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2725.htm
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| | Breast pain in perimenopause |
| | There was no evidence of an association between methylxanthine consumption and benign breast disease in the total study population. | | | In addition, no relation was found between methylxanthine consumption and menstrual breast tenderness among premenopausal women with fibrocystic disease or unknown conditions. | | | When histologic types of benign breast disease were examined, there were no trends in risk according to methylxanthine consumption among the 813 cases with fibrocystic disease, the 508 cases for whom detailed pathology data were not available, the 172 cases with benign neoplasms, or the 158 cases with other benign conditions. |
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http://www.geocities.com/menobeyond/breastpain.html
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| | Vitanica - Natural Approaches to Fibrocystic Breasts |
| | A case-control study of caffeine and methylxanthine in benign breast disease. | | | Several other studies have been done, leaving us with mixed reports: three studies show no association between methylxanthines and benign breast disease,,, and two studies show a correlation with caffeine consumption. | | | She found a significant reduction in clinically palpable breast findings in the abstaining group compared with the control group, although the absolute change in the breast lumps was quite minor and considered to be of little clinical significance. |
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http://www.vitanica.com/articles_07.htm
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| | Home-Chocolate Toxicity In Animals |
| | Methylxanthine alkaloids are naturally occurring drugs (primarily theobromine and caffeine) in chocolate, coffee, tea, and some over-the-counter medications. | | | Although dogs are the most susceptible, the toxin has been known to affect or kill cats, birds, rodents and reptiles as well. | | | Chocolate toxicosis (poisoning) is caused by excessive intake of the methylxanthine alkaloids in chocolate, coffee, tea, and some over-the-counter stimulants. |
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http://www.petalia.com.au/Templates/StoryTemplate_Process.cfm?specie=Small_Pets&story_no=1390
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| | theobromine -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid, a methylxanthine, as are caffeine and theophylline, but it differs from them in having little stimulatory action upon the central nervous system. | | | Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid, a methylxanthine, as are caffeine and theophylline, but it differs from them in having little stimulatory... | | | Theophylline is a xanthine alkaloid, a methylxanthine chemically related to caffeine and theobromine. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9071986
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| | IngentaConnect Effect of Methylxanthine Derivatives on Doxorubicin Transport and... |
| | Biochemical modulation, which is more effective with the use of antitumor agents, has recently played very important role in cancer chemotherapy. | | | caffeine, were useful for modulator and attempted to defined the relation between the effect of methylxanthine derivatives on the doxorubicin transport and antitumor activity. | | | These results suggested that caffeine which is one of xanthine derivatives will be useful for biochemical modulator. |
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http://api.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/cdm/2001/00000002/00000004/art00005
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| | Epilepsy News : Epilepsy.com/Professionals |
| | The invention further relates to the improved/enhanced cognitive ability of individuals, particularly those suffering from various disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease, stroke, hypoxia, general dementia, ADHD, mental retardation, and sun down syndrome. | | | Claim 1 Ex Claim text A method for treating a subject with Alzheimer's Disease comprising administering to said subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising a single methylxanthine, at least one carbonic anhydrase activator, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the methylxanthine is theophylline and the carbonic anhydrase activator is phenylalanine. | | | Abstract The present invention relates to the combination of a methylxanthine and a carbonic anhydrase activator to provide synergistic effects. |
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http://professionals.epilepsy.com/newsfeed/pr_1101997807.html
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| | Dangers of chocolate |
| | Theobromine and the other methylxanthines occur naturally in many plants found throughout the world. | | | Theobromine is a methylxanthine, in the same class of compounds as caffeine and theophylline. | | | This is what the American Company, HERSHEY, have to say about Theobromine |
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http://www.safehavenparrotrefuge.co.uk/pages/chocolate.html
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| | Aromatherapy |
| | In persons with gout, an excess amount of purines is produced and the end product which is uric acid, crystalizes in joints which causes painful arthritic symptoms. | | | Xanthines stimulate the nervous system and can cause people to feel restless, nervous or unable to fall asleep. | | | Caffeine is exreted in urine as methylxanthine and methyluric acid as a product of metabolizing caffeine.Uric acid which causes painful gout, is by product of purine metabolism which occurs in the liver. |
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http://www.askweb.com/health/caffeine.htm
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| | The WeimFAQ: Chocolate toxicity |
| | When the liver excretes the methylxanthine "by products" into the bile duct (which empties into the small intestine), the "by products" are converted back into methylxanthines which are then reabsorbed by the intestine and the cycle starts all over again. | | | After the blood is pumped through the pulmonary circulation, the methylxanthine rich blood returns to the left side of the heart for distribution to the entire body. | | | When products containing methylxanthines are ingested by dogs, the methylxanthine compounds are absorbed by the intestines and taken via the portal vein to the liver. |
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http://www.weim.net/faq/cache/101.html
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| | Differences in adenosine A-1 and A-2 receptor density revealed by autoradiography in methylxanthine-sensitive and ... |
| | Differences in adenosine A-1 and A-2 receptor density revealed by autoradiography in methylxanthine-sensitive and insensitive mice.Two strains of inbred mice, CBA/J and SWR/J, have been identified which are, respectively, sensitive and insensitive to the behavioral and toxic effects of methylxanthines. | | | These results indicate that the differential sensitivity to methylxanthines between these mouse strains may reflect a genetically mediated difference in regional adenosine receptor densities. | | | No significant regional differences in A-1 or A-2 receptor affinities were observed between these inbred strains of mice. |
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http://www.pdg.cnb.uam.es/UniPub/iHOP/gp/6092057.html
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| | Methylxanthine |
| | methylxanthine is a valid word in this word list, but no definition for it has been loaded yet. | | | Try a search for methylxanthine in these online resources (some words may not be found): | | | Words within methylxanthine not shown as it has more than seven letters. |
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http://www.morewords.com/word/methylxanthine
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| | Dog - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | If they eat chocolate, the theobromine can remain in their bloodstreams for up to 20 hours, and these animals may experience racing heartbeats, hallucination s, severe diarrhea, epileptic seizure s, heart attacks, internal bleeding, and eventually death. | | | Chocolate contains theobromine, a chemical stimulant that, together with caffeine and theophylline, belongs to the group of methylxanthine alkaloid s. | | | Dogs like the flavor of chocolate, but chocolate in sufficient doses is lethally toxic to dogs (and horse s and possibly cat s). |
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http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/dog.htm
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| | ASPCA: Animal Poison Control Center: Cocoa Bean Mulch |
| | Dogs consuming cocoa bean mulch may develop methylxanthine toxicosis. | | | Cocoa Bean Mulch As A Cause Of Methylxanthine Toxicosis In Dogs | | | Pet owners should avoid use of cocoa bean mulch in landscaping around dogs with indiscriminate eating habits. |
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http://www.apcc.aspca.org/cocoabeanmulch
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| | Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, weight loss, ... |
| | Potentiation of Lipid Peroxidation in B16F10 and B16F1 Melanoma Cells by Caffeine, a Methylxanthine Derivative: Relationship to Intracellular Glutathione. | | | Chemotherapy Division, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. |
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http://auramon.com/ref-caffeine/caffeine-research-abs3.283.html
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| | methylxanthine - OneLook Dictionary Search |
| | methylxanthine : Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary [ home, info ] | | | We found 3 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word methylxanthine : | | | Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "methylxanthine" is defined. |
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http://onelook.com/?w=methylxanthine&ls=a
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| | Resources |
| | Before beginning a weight loss program, you should consult with a health care professional. | | | Theobromine is the primary methylxanthine found in Cocoa beans, Theobroma cacao. | | | Theobromine belongs to a class of alkaloid molecules known as methylxanthines. |
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http://www.dynamicnutripro.com/resource_html/resource_everthin_detail.asp
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