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| | OSH Answers: What is an LD50 and LC50 |
 | | Which LD50 information is the most important for occupational health and safety purposes? | | | Thus, the most relevant from the occupational exposure viewpoint are the inhalation and skin application tests. | | | Toxicologists can use many kinds of animals but most often testing is done with rats and mice. |
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http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/ld50.html
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| | TOXICOLOGY (1223) |
| | The classic dose-response or concentration-response relationship is shown in Figure 1 (1.2.2.3); this is a theoretical curve and in practice such a Gaussian curve is rarely found. | | | You should know the fundamental considerations relating to extrapolation from quantitative results with experimental animals to assess the corresponding relationships for human beings. | | | What is the classic dose/response or concentration/response relationship and what are the derived values that may be used for regulatory purposes? |
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http://www.bio.hw.ac.uk/edintox/dose.htm
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| | Art of Decay & LD50: Media |
| | LD50 mainly makes soundworks which could be used as a guide to explore the darker side of the human mind and the connectivity/interactivity of the human psyche with our time and space-dimensional world (the universe). | | | Some works are more concentrated on the mind itself others more to physical themes. | | | Does this mean that you are a misanthrope? |
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http://users.telenet.be/aod_ld50/media1.htm
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| | Risk Handbook--Chapter 3 |
| | LD50 values are unknown for humans, since LD50 experiments are not conducted on humans. | | | Acute toxicity is assessed using observations of accidental human exposures or by conducting LD50 tests on experimental animals, usually rodents. | | | Example: A reported "rat oral LD50 of 50 mg/kg" means that half of the rats that ingested a dose of 50 milligrams of the substance per kilogram of body weight died within 14 days. |
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http://ruby.fgcu.edu/Courses/Twimberley/IDS3920/chap3.html
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| | LD50 |
| | decided they would no longer employ the standard LD50 test when assaying (analyzing) drugs. | | | Neverthenless, it is claimed that LD50 studies do prove useful in identifying very toxic substances rapidly and providing a legal framework for the use of a useful substance whose toxicity is not fully known. | | | The LD50 test is a test in which groups of rats or mice... |
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http://hallencyclopedia.com/LD50
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| | The LD50: Endpoint Death |
| | These disparities led two expert toxicologists to conclude that for the purpose of determining a drug's toxicity to humans, "the LD is of very little value." | | | To learn more about the LD test and research into methods that could replace it, read our overview, The LD50 Test and Alternatives and LD50 Timeline, available for download here. | | | Critics have called the Lethal Dose 50 Percent test anachronistic, unreliable, and scientifically unnecessary. |
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http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/animal_testing/the_beauty_myth_botox_kills_animals/the_ld50_endpoint_death.html
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| | Venomous Rankings - TRR Forums |
| | Here are a few changes I made from my experience: | | | Maintenance 10 “they do not do well with handling or movement best to leave cage alone as much as possible” | | | Antivenom availability "US" {none available treatment would be 6} |
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http://thereptileroom.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=2108
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| | LD50 Test |
| | Depending on the material being tested, the animals may have severe abdominal pain, muscle cramps, convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal ulcers with bleeding, loss of kidney function, and other painful or distressing conditions. | | | The LD50 of a substance in rabbits or rats in no way is an indicator of the acute toxicity of the same substance in humans (Singer 50). | | | The LD50 test is an accurate toxicity test, which is almost always associated with extreme pain and suffering. |
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http://www.louisville.edu/~jrthom05/ld50test.htm
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| | Insecticides |
| | LD50 is generally expressed as the dose, in milligrams (mg) of chemical per kilogram (kg) of body weight. | | | This can run to weeks in some cases, depending upon the pest which is being treated. | | | However, the LD50/LC50 does not reflect any effects from long term exposure (i.e., cancer, birth defects or reproductive toxicity) that may occur at levels below those which cause death, these are covered by things such as OEL (Occupational Exposure Limit) which we are not about here. |
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http://www.the-piedpiper.co.uk/th13.htm
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| | NZAVS - LD50, NZ Parliamentarian, Page 7 |
| | and (being aware of rats' lib) the "scientists" now claim it is also desirable to replace the LD50 with the "approximate dose" in rodents. | | | Therefore in anticipating some of the arguments as LD50 collapses is the typical and expected comments of the retreating vivisectors as they promote procedures such as the "approximate dose" which they claim uses "fewer animals"... | | | Such studies are already underway in dogs and monkeys (the latter because they vomit like humans)... |
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http://www.nzavs.org.nz/submissions/ldpar7.html
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| | Animal Aid : News : Botox Letter to Caroline Flint |
| | In barbaric and unreliable LD50 experiments - essentially outlawed by the government in 1999 - the animals are injected with the toxin and suffer symptoms including impaired vision, paralysis of the body, and paralysis of the diaphragm, which leads to death by suffocation. | | | Botulinum toxin has several therapeutic applications but its use in cosmetic procedures is the area that it is booming. | | | Until that action is taken, we are calling upon the Committee on Safety of Medicines to recommend a ban on the use of botox for cosmetic procedures. |
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http://www.animalaid.org.uk/news/2004/0401lett.htm
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| | EXTOXNET TIBs - DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS IN TOXICOLOGY |
| | A chemical may have a large LD50, but may produce illness at very small exposure levels. | | | Instead, animals are used to predict the toxicity that may occur in humans. | | | This is an over-simplified approach to comparing chemicals because the LD50 is simply one point on the dose-response curve that reflects the potential of the compound to cause death. |
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http://extoxnet.orst.edu/tibs/doseresp.htm
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| | LD50 |
| | The amount of LD50 needed to kill a subject is measured in milligrams of the toxicant per kilogram of subject body weight (mg/kg). | | | It is an indication of the acute hazard posed to humans by the insecticide. | | | Although the LD50 is not given specifically on the label, the signal words "Caution" "Warning" and "Danger" indicate three levels of low, moderate and high toxicity, respectively. |
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http://lee.ifas.ufl.edu/horticulturearchive/LD50.htm
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| | EPA - Ag 101, Lethal Dosage (LD50) Values |
| | Dermal LD50 values are obtained when the pesticide is applied to the skin of the animal. | | | An LD50 represents the individual dose required to kill 50 percent of a population of test animals (e.g., rats, fish, mice, cockroaches). | | | An LD50 is a standard measurement of acute toxicity that is stated in milligrams (mg) of pesticide per kilogram (kg) of body weight. |
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http://www.epa.gov/agriculture/ag101/pestlethal.html
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| | [No title] |
| | It also depends on the age, body weight, and overall health of the person or animal that may be affected. | | | LD50 ratings do not indicate toxic effects other than death, such as permanent eye damage, chemical burns, throat irritation, stomach irritation, or chronic long-term effects. | | | The acute toxicity of chemicals is measured by LD50 — the lethal dose needed to kill 50 percent of organisms exposed to it in tests. |
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http://www.unce.unr.edu/Western/newscolumns/2004/YardChemicals.doc
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| | New England Anti-vivisection Society (NEAVS) |
| | This test, which is more accurate than the animal models, is cruelty-free in that it uses donated human tissue, rather than animals. | | | These agencies and programs recommend alternative testing such as existing animal data, prior human experience, and/or the Limit test (a test that uses 10 animals in acute toxicity). | | | Human Keratinocyte/Neutral Red Bioassay — Cells that are representative of the eye and skin epithelium and human cells that are derived from donors. |
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http://www.neavs.org/betterscience/bettersci_animal_tests_ld50_draize_corrosovity.htm
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| | Warfarin |
| | The acute oral LD50 for rats over 4-5 days is 1 mg/kg/day (1, 2). | | | Warfarin is only slightly dangerous to humans and domestic animals when used as directed, but care must be taken with young pigs, which are especially susceptible (1). | | | The acute oral LD50 for technical sodium warfarin in rats was 323 mg/kg for males and 58 mg/kg for females (12). |
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http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/pyrethrins-ziram/warfarin-ext.html
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| | LD50 - LawnSite.com - Lawn Care & Landscaping Business Forum |
| | It is expressed in milligrams of toxin to Kilograms of body weight. | | | It is usually in grams per kilogram of body weight of subject, therefore if something has an LD50 of 15mg, consuming 15 mg per kg of body weight will kill 50% of the test population. | | | Actually, LD50 is used to rate ANY substance's ability to be lethal. |
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http://www.lawnsite.com/showthread.php?t=9752
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| | The MSDS HyperGlossary: LD-50, 50% Lethal Dose |
| | This is a more realistic determination of the maximum safe exposure to a material and is usually based on the known effects of the chemical on humans rather than laboratory animals. | | | The National Institutes of Health's Intragency Research Animal Committee's Recommendation on LD50 testing (36kB PDF file) is to replace the classical LD method involving ~100 animals with a modified approach. | | | Visit the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) for the development, review, and validation of alternative toxicological testing methods. |
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http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/ld50.html
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| | IEER: Energy & Security #4: Health Risks of Ionizing Radiation |
| | For radiation doses less than about 1 sievert, stochastic effects have been the greatest concern. | | | Other acute effects can include sterility and radiation burns, depending on the absorbed dose and the rate of the exposure. | | | The dose at which half the exposed population would die in sixty days without medical treatment is called the LD50 dose (LD for lethal dose, and 50 for 50 percent). |
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http://www.ieer.org/ensec/no-4/main.html
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| | LD50 for various snakes. |
| | The only figure of real interest is the subcutaneous LD50 as few snakes can ever achieve anything other than that. | | | Some of the larger adders may penetrate deep enough to inject their venom intramuscularly and in a very unlucky few cases an intravenous injection may occur. | | | Thus a simple calculation involving yield and LD50 SHOULD be indicative of how many mice such a snake is capable of killing and by very crude approximation the weight of a human it would kill. |
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http://www.seanthomas.net/oldsite/ld50tot.html
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| | LD50 |
| | I say that it is determined in a time point. | | | There is a bit of debate among the TA's over the correct definition of LD50. | | | name Cristen P. status student age 20s Question - I am teaching an intro bio course lab and we did an experiment to determine the LD50 of NaCl on brine shrimp. |
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http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/zoo00/zoo00168.htm
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| | SchoolIPM - Technical Information - Pests - Subterranean Termite Control |
| | For instance, if the Rat LD50 of a compound is 500, this means that it required 500 mg of an active ingredient to kill 50% of a population of rats which each weigh 1 kg. | | | LD50 refers to the amount of insecticide necessary to cause mortality in 50% of test animals. | | | Two additional routes of exposure for which LD50 values are determined are "Dermal" and "Inhalation". |
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http://schoolipm.ifas.ufl.edu/tp10a.html
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| | MAPS: question: ed50 & LD50 |
| | Meaning the ED50 is the minimum dose required that will cause the desired effect in 50% of test subjects, and the LD50 is the minimum Lethal Dose required to kill 50% of the test subjects for a given sample. | | | I am not a chemist but I believe that ED50 and LD50 stand for "Effective Dose" and "Lethal Dose" in 50% of the test subjects, usually for a given species. | | | Someone correct me if i am wrong (again i am not a chemist) but those two numbers are taken together to form a ratio, meaning that if the ED50 of something is 5 grams, and the LD50 of something is 50 grams, is 5:50, or 1:10. |
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http://www.maps.org/pipermail/maps_forum/1999-March/001544.html
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| | LD50 |
| | Together for 16 years, we are dedicated to writing and performing the best original rock and roll songs we can dream. | | | Until then, LD50 is a creative, high energy rock and roll band. |
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http://www.ld50music.com
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| | The LD50 Test--A Failure of Extreme, but Measurable, Proportions |
| | If we cannot eliminate one of the most inhumane and scientifically absurd procedures, what can we eliminate? | | | The Zbinden and Flury-Roversi review contained the following reference about the study: "Hunter W J, Lingk W, Recht P (not dated) An intercomparison study conducted by the Commission of the European Communities on the determination of the single administration toxicity in rats Communicated by the Health and Safety Directorate. | | | "It is the opinion of the NSMR that the routine use of the quantitative LD50 test is not now scientifically justified. |
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http://people.sunyit.edu/~millerd1/LD50.HTM
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| | [No title] |
| | Following is a breakdown of LSD dosages: Threshold: 20 micrograms, Light: 25-75 micrograms, Common: 50-150 micrograms, strong: 150-400 micrograms, Heavy: 400+ micrograms, LD50: 12,000 micrograms (LSD Dosage). | | | In the 60's and 70's, when LSD came primarily in pill form, the average single dosage unit was somewhat higher than it is with today's blotter, more often in the 200-400 microgram range (LSD Basics). | | | LSD, D-lysergic acid diethylamide, is a semisynthestic compound. |
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http://www.humboldt.edu/~morgan/lsd_s03.htm
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| | LD50 table |
| | I'm going to quote figures straight from articles (some require some calculations to give the same LD50 reference) so draw your own conclusions. | | | From this table alone, much can be learnt. | | | This list of scorpion LD50 is,by far, the longest I know on the net. |
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http://members.tripod.com/c_kianwee/rpotent.htm
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| | Alken Even-Flo 905 - MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET |
| | CAS# 95-63-6: Oral, rat LD50 = 12.7 g/kg, Inhalation, rat LD50=18 G/m3 | | | LD50 /LC50: CAS# 111-76-2: Inhalation, mouse: LC50 =700 ppm/7H; Inhalation, rat: LC50 =450 ppm/4H; Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1230 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 300 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 470 mg/kg; Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 220 mg/kg. | | | CAS# 67-63-0: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 3600 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 6410 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 5045 mg/kg; Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 12800 mg/kg. |
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http://www.alken-murray.com/905msd.htm
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| | LD50 : Definition |
| | The lethal dose of a compound for 50% of animals exposed. | | | Search for LD50 in these other databases too |
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http://www.biology-text.com/definition.php?word=LD50
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| | Amazon.co.uk: LD50 [2003]: DVD |
| | Buy LD50 [2003] with LA State of Mind [CD + DVD] [Limited Edition] Audio CD today! | | | Save up to 60% on thousands of DVDs. |
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http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/B00064X5UW
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| | MSN Encarta - Dictionary - LD50 definition |
| | Click here to search all of MSN Encarta | | | Search for "LD50" in all of MSN Encarta |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861625356
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