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| | Case Study 2 |
 | | The metabolic pathway for ketogenesis in Rat hepatocytes (from Quant 1993). | | | A simplified pathway for ketogenesis in Rat hepatocytes (from Quant 1993). | | | The metabolic pathway responsible for ketogenesis is illustrated in Figure 8. |
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http://www.bi.umist.ac.uk/users/mjfprb/2IRM/s004p003.asp
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| | Ketogenic.net : The Comprehensive Ketogenic Guide |
| | However, this site can introduce you to the full story on what ketogenesis really is. Click on What Is "Ketogenic?" to understand all about it. | | | Once you understand what ketogenic diets are, you will probably want to check out our article on Epilepsy and Ketogenesis. | | | Always consult your doctor before putting into practice anything you read here. |
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http://www.ketogenic.net
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| | Comparisons of flux control exerted by mitochondrial outer-membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase over ketogenesis in ... |
| | Comparisons of flux control exerted by mitochondrial outer-membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase over ketogenesis in hepatocytes and mitochondria isolated from suckling or adult rats -- New et al. | | | Comparisons of flux control exerted by mitochondrial outer-membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase over ketogenesis in hepatocytes and mitochondria isolated from suckling or adult rats | | | Krauss, S., Lascelles, C.V., Zammit, V.A. and Quant, P.A. (1996) Flux control exerted by overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase over palmitoyl-CoA oxidation and ketogenesis is lower in suckling than in adult rats. |
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http://www.ejbiochem.org/cgi/content/full/259/3/684
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| | [No title] |
| | The constant and controlled presence of ketone bodies in the body shows the perfect adaptation of the human system when subjected to a fast supplied with a precise amount of amino-acids. | | | The latter it seems stimulate the satiety center in the brain. | | | As long as the human body has an excess of fat that should be eliminated through ketogenesis and mainly through the Protein Fast, the effects of ketogenesis persist during this diet and supply the body with most of the energy it needs. |
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http://solo2.abac.com/avigdor/temp/diet/web/diet.txt
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| | Diabetes-Treatment : MANAGEMENT OF HYPERGLYCEMIC CRISES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES |
| | These findings were subsequently confirmed and extended with improved analytical techniques. | | | Numerous in vitro and some in vivo studies have demonstrated a potent role for glucagon in the stimulation of ketogenesis. | | | To our knowledge, rates of ketogenesis have not been measured in hyperosmolar nonketotic patients using either organ balance or isotopic methods. |
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http://www.diabetesforum.net/cgi-bin/display_engine.pl?category_id=6&content_id=349
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| | Diabetes: Exercise-induced rise in glucagon and ketogenesis during prolonged muscular work |
| | The change in this variable is evident in humans, as it is in dogs, even during the early phases of exercise. | | | The increment in glucagon stimulates ketogenesis during prolonged exercise solely because of an effect within the liver in that the hepatic FFA uptake is unaffected by glucagon changes. | | | In conclusion, the results of this study, in combination with other work in dogs[29,30,35] and humans[38], show that not only are exercise-induced changes in insulin and glucagon crucial to glucoregulation during exercise, but they are also important to the increase in hepatic fat oxidation that occurs, as assessed by the effects on ketogenesis. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0922/is_n6_v38/ai_8818891/pg_4
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| | Is astrocyte ketogenesis neuroprotective? |
| | These findings support the notion that ketone bodies produced by astrocytes may be used in situ as substrates for neuronal metabolism, and raise the possibility that astrocyte ketogenesis is a neuroprotective pathway. | | | Moreover, astrocyte ketogenesis might participate in the control of the survival/death decision of neural cells in at least two manners: first, by scavenging non-esterified fatty acids the ketogenic pathway would prevent the detrimental actions of these compounds and their derivatives (e.g. | | | Although it is generally assumed that the liver supplies the brain with ketone bodies, recent evidence shows that cultured astrocytes are also ketogenic cells. |
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http://www.forum-one.org/new-5119469-4342.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The basics of these processes must be understood in order to discuss ketogenesis, the production of ketone bodies. | | | This tends to make glucose available for tissues in which that energy source is required more specifically, such as the brain.5 The brain of the well-fed human lacks the necessary enzymes to utilize other sources of energy, preferentially relying on glucose and resorting to ketone bodies only in times of metabolic stress. | | | The first is the relationship between ketone bodies and fatty acids. |
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http://www.mdspharm.co.il/files/bioscanner-keton.doc
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| | Sugars and Lipds: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
| | Cyberlipid Center - Information on lipids, their history, structure, use and analysis. | | | Fatty Acid Oxidation -Introduction, Mobilization of Fat Stores, Oxidation Reactions, Alternative Oxidation Pathways, Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism, Clinical Aspects of Fatty Acid Metabolism, Ketogenesis Regulation of Ketogenesis, Clinical Significance of Ketogenesis. |
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http://www.infochembio.ethz.ch/links/en/biochem_zucker.html
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| | [No title] |
| | In isolated rat hepatocytes, rates of gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis and | | | production and ketogenesis) was modified by the availability of the | | | , concomitantly to gluconeogenesis, was accelerated, whereas ketogenesis was decreased. |
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http://www.vrac.iastate.edu/~berleant/MedRep/CO/CO2~Oleate.htm
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| | Biochem 3521 |
| | Figure 7 - Formation of ketone bodies (ketogenesis). | | | Under these conditions, the excess acetyl CoA is used to make ketones. | | | Ketogenesis - synthesis of ketone bodies (Chpt 24) |
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http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/~davis/Biochem_3521/lect21/lect21.html
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| | ketogenesis: Definition and Much More From Answers.com |
| | Ketogenesis is the process by which ketone bodies are produced as a result of fatty acid breakdown. | | | Ketogenesis may or may not occur, dependent on how many carbohydrates are available. | | | However, when ketogenesis is happening at abnormally high levels, the body is said to be in a state of ketosis. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/ketogenesis
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| | Ketogenesis - definition of Ketogenesis in Encyclopedia |
| | The creation of ketone bodies is also known as ketogenesis. | | | Ketone bodies are transported from the liver through the blood to other tissues, where acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate can be reconverted to acetyl CoA to produce energy. | | | But pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose, and glucose levels are lower in the cases we consider. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Ketogenesis
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| | TNF-alpha and IL-6 synergistically inhibit ketogenesis from fatty acids and alpha-ketoisocaproate in isolated rat ... |
| | CONCLUSIONS: In our experimental conditions, cytokines mediate an inhibition of ketogenesis; this process could be explained by a direct effect of cytokines on metabolic pathways of octanoic acid and KIC oran indirect effect by modification of the mitochondrial redox state. | | | Whether such an inhibition of ketogenesis occurs with other ketone body precursors such as ketoacids is not known. | | | A decrease in ketogenesis from free fatty acids also is observed, probably mediated by cytokines involved in host response to infection. |
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http://jpen.aspenjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/22/5/286
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| | Age-related change in ketone body metabolism: diminished glucagon effect on ketogenesis in adult rats. |
| | The age-related changes in plasma ketone body levels and related substances such as carnitine and FFA of normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats, as well as its effects on glucagon-induced ketogenesis in isolated perfused rat livers, were examined in this study. | | | This study demonstrates that the hepatic unresponsiveness to glucagon in terms of its ketone body production by aging may be one of the major causes of hyperosmolar nonketotic coma in elderly people. | | | Age-related change in ketone body metabolism: diminished glucagon effect on ketogenesis in adult rats. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_3032575.html
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| | Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Coma |
| | Unlike patients with DKA, patients with HHNC do not develop ketoacidosis, but the reason for this is not known. | | | Contributing factors include the limitation on ketogenesis by hyperosmolarity, the lower levels of free fatty acids available for ketogenesis, the availability of insulin in amounts sufficient to inhibit ketogenesis but not sufficient to prevent hyperglycemia, and the hepatic resistance to glucagon in these patients. | | | Most patients with HHNC have a known history of diabetes, which is usually adult onset. |
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http://rogerhartman.com/clinicaldiscussions/hyperosmolarcoma.html
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| | info: KETOACIDOSIS |
| | ion from the ketone bodies acetoacetate and B-hydroxybutyrate (which are produced by ketogenesis in fatty acid breakdown). | | | Although many low-carb diets (such as the Atkins diet) are accused of causing ketoacidosis, the condition can only be caused by more extreme conditions, such as in excessive alcohol consumption or in insulin impairment (as in diabetes). | | | (Low-carb diets do, however, induce ketosis, which is not a normal response to reduced carbohydrate availability) Ketogenesis is well regulated by the mileau of hormones governing the fasting and fed states, predominantly glucagon and insulin, and is too mild to lead to acidosis. |
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http://www.info-masonry.com/Ketoacidosis
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| | Compare Prices and Read Reviews on The Zone Diet at Epinions.com |
| | This process is known as ketogenesis and it produces ketone bodies. | | | However, the ketogenesis process could result in severe acidosis where the acidity of body fluids and tissues is abnormally high. | | | Yes, but it has to be controlled so the ketogenesis process doesn't get out of hand. |
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http://www.epinions.com/content_33749438084
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| | Lane et al., June 2002 |
| | ABSTRACT Ketogenesis is the conversion of acetyl-CoA to the ketone bodies acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). | | | We also show that the rate of the production of ketone bodies by the ruminal epithelium parallels the expression of the gene encoding the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase, which controls flux through this metabolic pathway in nonruminant animals. | | | Future studies in this area will determine which genes regulate other aspects of rumen development and the effects of volatile fatty acids on these genes. |
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http://www.asas.org/jas/abs/2002/a0261538.htm
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| | ARS Publication request: The Role of Insulin, Glucagon, Dexamethasone and Leptin in the Regulation of Ketogenesis and ... |
| | Therefore, a study was conducted to elucidate hormonal control of ketogenesis and glycogen deposition in primary cultures of porcine hepatocytes. | | | In contrast, glycogen deposition was stimulated by insulin and attenuated by glucagon; high insulin was also associated with a reduction in the ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/b-hydroxybutyrate). | | | In contrast, glycogen deposition was stimulated by insulin and attenuated by glucagon; high insulin was also associated with a reduction in the ketone body ratio. |
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http://ars.usda.gov/research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=149408
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| | Postgraduate Medicine: Optimizing insulin regimens in type 1 diabetes |
| | The glycerol from the triglyceride breakdown acts as a substrate for glucose production by the liver, contributing further to the hyperglycemia, which occurs because there is inadequate insulin to encourage peripheral tissues to take up glucose. | | | It is responsible for maintaining suppression of ketogenesis (formation of ketoacids by the liver) and control of lipolysis (fat breakdown), gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis, as well as supplying adequate insulin for basal glucose uptake by the peripheral tissues. | | | Ketoacidosis results from lack of insulin, which is necessary not only to put glucose into insulin-sensitive cells (primarily muscle and fat) but also to prevent ketogenesis in the liver. |
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http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2003/06_03/2bohannon.htm
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| | Fatty Acid Oxidation |
| | Ketogenesis takes place primarily in the liver and may by affected by several factors: | | | Carnitine Palmitoylransferase II (CPT II) deficiency results in recurrent muscle pain and fatigue and myoglobinuria following strenuous exercise. | | | Control in the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue directly affects the level of ketogenesis in the liver. |
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http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/fatty-acid-oxidation.html
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| | Flux control exerted by overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase over palmitoyl-CoA oxidation and ketogenesis is lower in ... |
| | Furthermore the flux control coefficient of CPT I changes with malonyl-CoA concentration and ATP turnover rate. | | | By applying top-down control analysis, we quantified the control exerted by CPT I over total carbon flux from palmitoyl-CoA to ketone bodies and carbon dioxide. | | | Flux control exerted by overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase over palmitoyl-CoA oxidation and ketogenesis is lower in suckling than in adult rats.We examined the potential of overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase ( CPT I) to control the hepatic catabolism of palmitoyl-CoA in suckling and adult rats, using a conceptually simplified model of fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. |
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http://www.pdg.cnb.uam.es/UniPub/iHOP/gp/778690.html
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| | Lyle McDonald BodyOpus Infomation |
| | With exercise training, ketogenesis should occur more quickly and ketosis established. | | | In diabetic ketotic patients, this can increase to 5% (8). | | | Ketosis (defined as the buildup of the KB's in the bloodstream) will occur under several conditions including: fasting, after prolonged exercise, and when a high fat diet is consumed. |
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http://low-carb.org/lylemcd/cyclic1.htm
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| | Possible interrelationship between gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in the liver. |
| | Possible interrelationship between gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in the liver. | | | No stimulating effect of acetoacetate was observed; conversely, acetoacetate (up to 40 mM) partially or completely abolished the observed stimulating effects of acetate, oleate, and 3-hydroxybutyrate. | | | The results suggest that, in intact liver cells, pyruvate is transported into mitochondria in exchange for acetoacetate and that an interrelationship between gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis at the level of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier may exist in the liver. |
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http://charm.cs.uiuc.edu/users/jyelon/lowcarb.med/article046.html
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| | Role of Carnitine in Hepatic Ketogenesis -- McGarry et al. 72 (11): 4385 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of ... |
| | The enhancement of long-chain fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in the perfused rat liver, whether induced acutely by treatment of fed animals with anti-insulin serum or glucagon, or over the longer term by starvation or the induction of alloxan diabetes, was found to be accompanied by a proportional elevation in the tissue carnitine content. | | | Moreover, when added to the medium perfusing livers from fed rats, carnitine stimulated ketogenesis from oleic acid. | | | The findings suggest that the increased fatty acid flux through the carnitine acyltransferase (carnitine palmitoyltransferase; palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase; EC 2.3.1.21) reaction brought about by glucagon excess, with or without insulin deficiency, is mediated, at least in part, by elevation in the liver carnitine concentration. |
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http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/72/11/4385
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| | Documento sin título |
| | A molecular approach is applied to study the regulation of these genes, including expression assays in vivo and in vitro in heterologous systems of both wild type and mutated forms. | | | Our group studies the enzymes involved in the fatty acid transport into the mitochondria such as carnitine palmitoyltransferases (CPT-I and -II) as well as those involved in the ketogenesis pathway (HMG-CoA synthase and lyase). | | | Molecular study of fatty-acid transport genes in mitochondria: Carnitine palmitoyl transferase I, Carnitine octanoyl transferase and Carnitine Acetyl transferase. |
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http://www.ub.es/bbm/webfausto3/ingles.htm
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| | Ketogenesis |
| | Adding one letter to ketogenesis does not form any other word in this word list. | | | ketogenesis is a valid word in this word list, but no definition for it has been loaded yet. | | | Try a search for ketogenesis in these online resources (some words may not be found): |
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http://www.morewords.com/word/ketogenesis
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| | BodyOpus Week 20 |
| | That would be the critical amount to take in to satisfy our requirements for a kick-butt workout but still allow one to get back into ketosis quickly without using exogenous insulin. | | | Because I can't see your head shake or nod, I'm not sure you >understand what I mean but I believe you do. | | | In other mail, DL commented that urine ketone measurement is only a very indirect and delayed indicator of ketogenesis in the blood which is true. |
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http://low-carb.org/lylemcd/week20.htm
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| | Current Views of Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketogenesis From Organelles to Point Mutations eBook |
| | Including current research from most of the major groups working in this field, it provides a multi-disciplinary approach to the subject and an up-to-date overview of the most recent developments and debates. | | | This book brings together biochemical, genetic, molecular biology, and clinical approaches to the study of fatty acid oxidation. | | | Maybe you've been looking for Current Views of Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketogenesis From Organelles to Point Mutations as an eBook for some time. |
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http://www.ebook-download.net/ebooks/current-views-of-fatty-acid-oxidation-and-ketogenesis-from-organelles-to-point-mutations.php
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| | Chaos Node online journal |
| | Since ketogenesis is associated with the onset of starvation, I think it may still be a bit away... | | | The body lives by burning food, much like a candle flame lives by burning stearin or wax. | | | So I suppose some ketogenesis may have taken place. |
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http://home.online.no/~itlandm/di050514.html
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