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| | Kernicterus & Newborn Jaundice |
 | | Donations to the Kernicterus Research Fund a supporting clinical and basic science research to detect, prevent and treat kernciterus and bilirubin-induced neurological disorders, can be made to: | | | I care very deeply about preventing brain damage, and kernicterus is a preventable form of brain damage that occurs in newborm infants. | | | Many many babies look jaundiced (60%), but they are not deeply jaundiced, not jaundiced below the abdomen, and they act OK - they nurse, they aren't too sleepy, they have normal muscle tone, their cry is normal, they don't arch their backs. |
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http://www.kernicterus.org
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| | Journal of Perinatology - Definition of the Clinical Spectrum of Kernicterus and Bilirubin-Induced Neurologic ... |
| | The neurobiology of kernicterus, including the determinants and mechanisms of neuronal injury, is discussed along with traditional and evolving definitions ranging from classical kernicterus with athetoid cerebral palsy, impaired upward gaze and deafness, to isolated conditions, for example, auditory neuropathy or dys-synchrony (AN/AD), and subtle bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction (BIND). | | | In this paper, the neurobiology of kernicterus including the determinants and mechanisms of neuronal injury, and traditional and evolving definitions of bilirubin-induced brain injury are discussed. | | | The classical clinical expression of kernicterus can be divided into acute and chronic bilirubin encephalopathy. |
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http://www.nature.com/jp/journal/v25/n1/full/7211157a.html
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| | Kernicterus in Full-Term Infants --- United States, 1994--1998 |
| | By the 1970s, such therapy was implemented effectively, and kernicterus virtually disappeared in full-term infants until the early 1990s (4), when physicians began to debate the need to identify and treat hyperbilirubinemia in healthy, full-term infants without risk factors for hemolysis (5--7). | | | This report summarizes case histories of four full-term, healthy infants who developed kernicterus and underscores that to prevent kernicterus, newborns must be screened and promptly treated for hyperbilirubinemia (1). | | | Evaluation and treatment of jaundice in the term newborn: a kinder, gentler approach. |
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http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5023a4.htm
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| | eMedicine - Kernicterus : Article by Shelley C Springer, MD, MBA, MSc |
| | Kernicterus is now recognized to occur in the premature infant and very rarely in the term infant in the absence of profound hyperbilirubinemia. | | | Although usually the initial therapeutic approach, phototherapy is not always effective, and exchange transfusion is still the definitive therapy for fulminant or refractory hyperbilirubinemia, with or without encephalopathy. | | | However, with the trend toward earlier discharge, most breastfed babies are being discharged home before breastfeeding is well established, and a concomitant increase has occurred in the number of babies admitted in the first week of life with hypernatremic dehydration. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1247.htm
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| | Indian Pediatrics - Brief Reports |
| | Events such as onset of jaundice, duration of jaundice, onset and duration of kernicterus before reporting to the hospital and history of asphyxia are historical and are subject to error. | | | How-ever in our earlier experience, kernicterus was present in 9.8% of babies with TSB 20-25 mg/dl(1). | | | Our objective was to compare babies who developed kernicterus and those who did not, in the range of bilirubin known to be definitely toxic. |
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http://www.indianpediatrics.net/july2001/july-757-762.htm
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| | Brain Injury Lawyers - Kenneth Sigelman Attoneys at Law |
| | It is believed that kernicterus is more likely to develop in babies who are released too early from the hospital—especially if these babies are jaundiced. | | | If your child has developed kernicterus as a result of untreated or misdiagnosed jaundice, your family is entitled to compensation. | | | If you believe your child acquired kernicterus because of medical negligence, please contact the brain injury lawyers of Kenneth M. Sigelman and Associates. |
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http://www.palsyinfo.com/html/brain_injury.html
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| | Kernicterus - Patient UK |
| | Kernicterus - Patient UK PatientPlus articles are written for doctors and so the language can be technical. | | | With early discharge it has been suggested that bilirubin should be checked and a nomogram used as discharge is before the peak of physiological jaundice and this may help to identify those who will have problems. | | | A register of babies with chronic kernicterus was formed in the USA between 1984 and 1998 |
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http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/40000455
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| | CPS: CPSP Resource Article Kernicterus and the healthy term newborn |
| | Although hyperbilirubinemia is common, extreme hyperbilirubinemia resulting in kernicterus is rare (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), 2001). | | | The evaluation and management of the jaundiced term newborn has changed significantly over the past several years and continues to present a challenge for practitioners, who must balance the risk of bilirubin toxicity leading to kernicterus, with the risk of over-investigating and treating healthy infants. | | | Sixty percent of term infants will become clinically jaundiced in the first week of life, with a higher incidence occurring in breastfed infants. |
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http://www.cps.ca/english/CPSP/Resources/Kernicterus.htm
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| | Nationwide Specialist Kernicterus Medical Malpractice Lawyers |
| | If a baby’s skin is very yellow, then either phototherapy treatment or an exchange transfusion may be necessary to stabilise bilirubin levels and reduce the risk of kernicterus. | | | There are other hereditary jaundice and consequent kernicterus risk factors. | | | A baby who has bruises at birth is likely to have jaundice. |
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http://www.cerebral-palsy.us.com/kernicterus.html
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| | Kernicterus Legal Help and Attorneys > Home |
| | It is our goal to provide lifetime care for our clients and to help eradicate kernicterus by holding accountable those health care providers who fail to follow careful medical practice. | | | Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin, affects approximately 60% of all newborns. | | | - Parent's of Infants and Children with Kernicterus |
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http://www.kernicteruslegalhelp.com
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| | The Worldwide Intensivist - A note on Neonatal Jaundice |
| | There have been reports of kernicterus in term infants with hyperbilirubinaemia of 20mg%, and no other 'risk factors' - such babies were commonly discharged early on, and breast-fed. Such cases have raised concern about the risks of watchful management of hyperbilirubinaemia (See for example the Canadian statement). | | | With severe haemolysis, kernicterus occurred in 8% of babies with bilirubin in the range 19 to 24mg%, one third of those with bilirubins of 25-29mg%, and in three quarters of those with levels of 30 or more. | | | It is commonly believed that infants with haemolysis are at greater risk of kernicterus than infants with similar levels of bilirubin, without haemolysis. |
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http://www.anaesthetist.com/icu/specl/neonate/nnj.htm
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| | Jaundice in newborns |
| | A national parent advocacy group known as P.I.C.K. (Parents of Infants and Children with Kernicterus) has been instrumental in bringing the reemergence of this devastating, preventable condition and the need for aggressive predictive and preventive measures to the attention of the medical community. | | | Subjective visual assessment alone is dangerously imprecise, particularly in dark-skinned infants, whose natural coloring may mask the severity of the jaundice. | | | The JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations) has recommended that healthcare organizations take action to increase awareness of the risk factors for kernicterus among all neonatal caregivers. |
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http://www.lonestarhealth.com/custompage.asp?guidCustomContentID=C8603567-DEDB-4B3F-BC05-139C55DF22E0
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| | Jaundice and Kernicterus |
| | Many more infants will be treated to prevent a single case of kernicterus. | | | treat many jaundiced infants to prevent 1 from developing kernicterus. | | | In our review of 123 cases of kernicterus in infants greater than |
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http://www.fsneo.org/JourClub/5-024.htm
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| | Medical References: Newborn Jaundice |
| | The March of Dimes also is collaborating with these and other health organizations in the Kernicterus Prevention Partnership, which aims to prevent all new cases of kernicterus in any full-term or near-term baby born in this country by 2006 by educating health care providers, as well as families, about the potential hazards of newborn jaundice. | | | However, a parent should call the baby’s health care provider immediately or seek emergency medical care if the baby develops increased sleepiness or is hard to wake, sucks or nurses poorly, appears weak or floppy, arches the neck or back backwards, or develops a high-pitched cry or fever. | | | Research on Prevention of Bilirubin-Induced Brain Injury and Kernicterus: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Conference Summary. |
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http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/681_9268.asp
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| | Review - National Association of Neonatal Nurses |
| | Phototherapy and exchange transfusions continue to effectively prevent kernicterus if treatment is timely | | | In April 2001, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) issued a Sentinel Event Alert regarding kernicterus. | | | In the 1990's, physicians began to debate the need to identify or treat hyperbilirubinemia in full term infants without hemolysis |
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http://www.nann.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=933
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| | Kernicterus |
| | Affected infants may also experience the absence of certain reflexes (e.g., Moro reflex, etc.); mild to severe muscle spasms including those in which the head and heels are bent backward and the body bows forward (opisthotonus); and/or uncontrolled involuntary muscle movements (spasticity). | | | Bilirubin is an orange-yellow bile pigment that is a byproduct of the natural breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells (hemolysis). | | | Kernicterus is a rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia) during infancy. |
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http://www.bchealthguide.org/kbase/nord/nord233.htm
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| | Kernicterus |
| | Warning signs of kernicterus include yellow or orange (pumpkin) skin tones, marked sleepiness with no alert behavior, a high pitched cry, poor latch/suck/nursing, poor tone of extremities and an arching of the body with the head and heels bending backward and the body forward. | | | The yellow color does not hurt the baby's skin, but the bilirubin goes to the brain as well as to the skin. | | | Kernicterus is a form of brain damage caused by excessive jaundice. |
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http://www.birthsource.com/scripts/article.asp?articleid=98
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| | kernicterus |
| | Kernicterus still occurs very rarely, mainly in very tiny, very sick prematures or in term babies with jaundice aggravated by illness, nursing failure and dehydration, parental ignorance or poor medical followup. | | | These areas control the fluidity of muscle movement. | | | Because the damage inflicted by excessive bilirubin concentrations is directed chiefly against the basal ganglia and other areas of the brain (hippocampus, geniculate bodies, various brainstem nuclei, and the cerebellum) with their crucial role in controlling motor movement - kernicterus was once the leading cause of athetoid (writhing) cerebral palsy. |
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http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/K/kernicterus.html
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| | National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Conference on Kernicterus: A Population Perspective on ... |
| | We need evidence for key recommendations that make clinical guidelines usable by practitioners caring for newborns, especially for practitioners providing ambulatory care in the first week of life. | | | Understanding how existing patterns of care obstruct preventive care involves exploration of the roles of clinicians, health-care organizations, parents, and payers and purchasers of health care. | | | Lastly, discovering how to motivate change in existing practices can provide the guidance needed to prevent kernicterus in the US. |
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http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/jp/journal/v24/n11/abs/7211153a.html
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| | P.I.C.K. - Parents of Infants and Children with Kernicterus |
| | A few weeks after the severe jaundice incident, parents are typically able to identify abnormal newborn behaviors including poor feeding, irritability, sleep difficulty and muscle tone fluctuations. | | | P.I.C.K. - Parents of Infants and Children with Kernicterus | | | In addition, several secondary medical conditions are associated with kernicterus: severe reflux, sleep disturbances, respiratory infections and chronic constipation. |
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http://www.pickonline.org
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| | Paper 38 |
| | Serum bilirubin levels alone are poor predictors of kernicterus especialy in sick preterm infants. | | | Perhaps the further developments in NMR spectroscopy and imaging will permit regional assessment of impending or actual bilirubin neurotoxicity and allow us to identify those infants in need of immediate treatment. | | | Kernicterus is the end result of injury to the central nervous system by bilirubin and other factors. |
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http://cnmrr.hmc.psu.edu/papers/paper38.htm
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| | Midwifery Today Forums - US News article on kernicterus medication |
| | That's not what concerned me. What concerned me was that, according to this article, about half the pediatricians in this country would like to see a new drug, which stops production of bilirubin altogether, given to EVERY newborn born in this country. | | | Surely, that doesn't make any more sense than the WA"study" that "proved" homebirth to be more dangerous and have more cardiac malformations! | | | Jaundice is a symptom--it may be a symptom of a normal process, or a symptom of an abnormal process, but in any event, if you "disable" it, won't that mess with the baby's system? |
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http://www.midwiferytoday.com/forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=3665
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| | Pediatrics: Changes in globus pallidus with (pre)term kernicterus.@ HighBeam Research |
| | We report serial magnetic resonance (MR) and sonographic behavior of globus pallidus in 5 preterm and 3 term infants with kernicterus and describe the clinical context in very low birth weight preterm infants. | | | Pediatrics: Changes in globus pallidus with (pre)term kernicterus.@ HighBeam Research | | | Search for more information on HighBeam Research for. |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:111932560&refid=holomed_1
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| | Kernicterus |
| | The Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has issued an ALERT to refocus its members on preventing this disorder. | | | Their Life Care Plans project costs of many millions of dollars for therapies and equipment. | | | For younger pediatricians, seeing a patient with full-blown diagnosed kernicterus is like seeing a patient with polio; they never thought it would happen. |
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http://www.alllaw.com/articles/personal_injury/article17.asp
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| | RH INCOMPATIBILITY---RhHDN: Intermediate (kernicterus) |
| | Prevention of kernicterus includes careful monitoring of neonatal bilirubin levels and putting the baby under special lights (phototherapy) to reduce the level of bilirubin in the body. | | | Those babies who do develop kernicterus and survive may suffer from deafness, cerebral palsy and/or other conditions caused by the nerve damage. | | | High levels of bilirubin can cause a condition called kernicterus which results in nerve damage in the brain. |
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http://demeter.hampshire.edu/~rhinfo/intermediate.html
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| | Australia : Hypoglycaemia Hip Dysplasia Kernicterus Medical Negligence |
| | Dangerous neonatal conditions may arise shortly after a child is born which, if not treated quickly and effectively, can place the child at serious risk of permanent disability or even death. | | | Health care professionals should be aware of this condition and the signs and symptoms of an infant suffering from kernicterus and hyperbilirubinaemia and take appropriate action. | | | Kernicterus and Hyperbilirubinaemia are rare but very serious neonatal conditions which can lead to athetoid cerebral palsy. |
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http://www.medneg.com.au/neonatal.html
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| | VCU Department of Pediatrics |
| | Steven Shapiro’s research relates to a specific form of preventable brain damage that occurs in newborn infants with excessive jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia). | | | Kernicterus is the extreme form of damage, causing auditory dysfunction or deafness, a movement disorder called dystonic or athetoid cerebral palsy, problems with eye movements, and abnormal formation of the enamel of teeth. | | | Recently, he was awarded a second NIH grant to investigate the neuroanatomical and physiological basis of the movement disorder that occurs with kernicterus. |
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http://www.vcu.edu/pediatrics/research/fac_research/shapiro.html
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| | Tighter Monitoring of Jaundice Urged by CDC |
| | In May, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations issued an alert to thousands of hospitals to help raise their awareness of kernicterus. | | | Kernicterus, a lifelong brain syndrome, can include cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and hearing loss. | | | WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. |
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http://www.webmd.com/content/article/33/1728_81562
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| | Albion College Giving |
| | But after doctors learned to correct that problem, kernicterus almost completely disappeared, with no cases reported in medical literature in the 1960s or 1970s, Bhutani said. | | | But kernicterus, a preventable brain injury that was once the leading cause of cerebral palsy, has resurfaced in at least 125 newborns across the country since the 1990s, medical specialists and federal health officials warned yesterday. | | | The disease is related to jaundice, a skin-yellowing condition that strikes 60 percent of newborns but usually goes away in time. |
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http://www.albion.edu/alumni/sheridan.asp
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| | Neonatal Jaundice & kernicterus |
| | The early symptoms of brain injury are poor feeding, decreased alertness, alteration of muscle tone, and a high-pitched cry. | | | The following actions during the early stage of jaundice may prevent kernicterus. | | | However, high bilirubin levels can occur in babies without these risk factors, and they occur after the infant is discharged from the hospital. |
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http://rwjms.umdnj.edu/kernicterus/neonjaun.htm
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| | Case Based Pediatrics Chapter |
| | System-based Approach to Management of Neonatal Jaundice and Prevention of Kernicterus. | | | Kernicterus can occur without signs and symptoms (2), but acute kernicterus in term babies is usually characterized by changes in muscle tone, drowsiness, poor feeding, a high pitched cry, apnea, possible seizures, fever, and death (3). | | | Bilirubin may be the toxic substances responsible for kernicterus, but this is not a certainty. |
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http://www.hawaii.edu/medicine/pediatrics/pedtext/s03c02.html
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| | Quincy Herald-Whig |
| | Very high levels in the bloodstream can lead to extreme jaundice in infants and a brain-damaging condition called kernicterus. | | | Those with kernicterus may develop cerebral palsy, hearing loss, dental enamel hypoplasia, mental retardation or even death. | | | A simple test may have prevented child from kernicterus |
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http://www.whig.com/301613986720761.php
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| | Kernicterus |
| | Yellow staining of brain structures first described by Hervieux in 1847, later associated with neonatal jaundice by Schmorl in 1903. | | | Kernicterus: (bilirubin encephalopathy) characterized by jaundice, acute neurological dysfunction with specific neuronal damage resulting in athetosis, spasticity, hearing deficits, and mental deficits. | | | although neonatal jaundice is common, progression to kernicterus is rare |
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http://webhome.idirect.com/~brainology/brainology/devpath_25_kernicterus.html
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| | USATODAY.com - Hospitals urged to test newborns for rare disorder |
| | She says the new recommendations fulfill her "dream." | | | The condition, kernicterus (kerr-NICK-ter-us), stems from severe cases of jaundice. | | | More studies are expected to follow to try to pinpoint the number of children affected by kernicterus. |
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http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2001-05-02-testing-newborns.htm
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| | SNOTE 76 Kernicterus Curriculum Materials 11-Aug-05 - FBO#1354 |
| | The KPPC consists of a collaboration which includes health care providers and dedicated consumers working to educate communities and clinicians about the potential hazards of newborn jaundice. | | | BACKGROUND: In 2003, the Kernicterus Prevention Partnership Consortium (KPPC) was formed, with the goal of eradicating kernicterus through parent and provider education, advocacy, and screening. | | | The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) intends to purchase the following products from a contractor to consolidate, streamline, and prepare a comprehensive parent education curriculum for newborn jaundice to target expecting and new parent audiences in hospitals, home, or other healthcare settings. |
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http://www.fbodaily.com/archive/2005/08-August/11-Aug-2005/FBO-00865930.htm
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| | Information about Kernicterus |
| | Usually treatment for Kernicterus focuses on decreasing the amount of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood. | | | Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. | | | Kernicterus occurs more often in premature infants than full-term infants. |
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http://www.mamashealth.com/head/kern.asp
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| | Neonatal Hypoglycaemia, Kernicterus and Hip Displasia Medical Malpractice |
| | Kernicterus is a relatively rare condition which can lead to cerebral palsy. | | | Those involved in neonatal care should be aware of the signs and symptoms of an infant suffering from kernicterus and failure to take appropriate action is likely to be medical malpractice. | | | Hip dysplasia is often not diagnosed until the child is walking having already been seen by numerous doctors and nurses and treatment at this stage often involves repeated major surgery and a less than satisfactory outcome. |
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http://www.lawmedmal.ca/neonatal.htm
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