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| | Endotext.com - Endocrine Testing Protocols, Endocrine Testing Protocols: Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis |
 | | The hypothalamic factor, CRH is not readily measured in the blood and the reference values for normal values have not been established in the literature. | | | However, subjecting a patient to surgical pituitary exploration in the absence of a demonstrable mass is likely to result in an unsuccessful surgery. | | | WHEN TO USE THIS TEST: Patients with subtle signs of adrenal insufficiency or patients who have been treated with glucocorticoids and determination of adrenal reserve is necessary. |
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http://www.endotext.org/protocols/protocols1/protocols1.htm
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| | Response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to small dose arginine-vasopressin and daily urinary free cortisol ... |
| | CONCLUSIONS: Our data further support the concept that in women obesity may represent a condition of hyperresponsiveness or hypersensitivity of the HPA axis to neuroendocrine stimuli, which appear to be independent of feedback control. | | | The aim of this study was to test the response of the HPA axis […] | | | On the other hand, percent changes of 24h-UFC/creatinine after APZ were negatively related to the body mass index (BMI) but positively with waist circumference values, which indicates that the abdominal obesity phenotype may counteract the 24 h-UFC/creatinine that would be expected on the basis of BMI values. |
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http://counsellingresource.com/medications-research/2005/03/02/response-of-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis-to-small-dose-arginine-vasopressin-and-daily-urinary-free-cortisol-before-and-after-alprazolam-pre-treatment-differs-in-obesity
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| | Normal opioid tone and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in chronic fatigue syndrome despite marked ... |
| | While this study does not exclude a minor perturbation in the HPA axis of some subjects with CFS, the lack of any significant difference in our patient group suggests that an alteration in either HPA axis function or opioid tone is unlikely to account for the functionally limiting symptoms that the subjects with CFS displayed. | | | Further research in this area is required to determine the extent of any neuroendocrine dysfunction in CFS in a larger number of subjects in different populations, and quantify the neuroendocrine response to specific therapies. | | | The reasons for the differences are unclear, but do not appear to be related to our CFS subjects being less symptomatic, as determined by the functional questionnaires showing major degrees of physical, emotional and social impairment. |
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http://www.co-cure.org/Inder.htm
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| | Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Dysregulation in Depersonalization Disorder |
| | The current study suggests that dissociation may be associated with normal or elevated baseline cortisol and diminished negative feedback, while PTSD is associated with reduced baseline cortisol and enhanced negative feedback (Yehuda 1997). | | | Partly supported by NIMH grant MH-055582 to Dr. Simeon and NIH grant 5 MO1 RR00071 to the Mount Sinai General Clinical Research Center. | | | Conclusions: Primary dissociative conditions, such as depersonalization disorder, may be associated with a pattern of HPA axis dysregulation that differs from PTSD and merits further study. |
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http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/dynapage.taf?file=/npp/journal/v25/n5/full/1395731a.html
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| | Naltrexone Dampens Ethanol-Induced Cardiovascular and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activation |
| | This study examined naltrexone effects on alcohol-induced increases in physiological responses and their association with alcohol liking. | | | In contrast to alcohol, opioid antagonists do not have significant effects on cardiovascular responses, including heart rate and blood pressure in primates (Byrd 1983) and humans (Coppola et al. | | | Seventy-two individuals were excluded from study participation due to a diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence and/or medical or psychiatric disqualification. |
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http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/dynapage.taf?file=/npp/journal/v25/n4/full/1395684a.html
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| | The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in depression |
| | In recent years, the attempts have been made to use drugs acting on LHPA axis for therapeutic purposes in depression, such as ketoconazole, within the framework of antiglucocorticoid strategy. | | | review of the literature has been presented concerning pathogenetic role of limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (LHPA) in depression and the therapeutic possibility obtained by influencing this axis. | | | Influencing LHPA axis may underlie the mechanism of new antidepressant drug, tianeptine. |
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http://www.psychopharmacology.net/lhpa.htm
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| | CFS Causes: Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) Axis |
| | Multiple laboratory studies have suggested that the central nervous system may have an important role in CFS. | | | They may also affect several aspects of behavior. | | | Physical or emotional stress, which is commonly reported as a pre-onset condition in CFS patients, activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, or HPA axis, leading to increased release of cortisol and other hormones. |
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http://www.cfshub.com/hpaaxis.html
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| | Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Serotonin (5HT) appeared to be the active neurotransmitter involved in mediating stress responses. | | | The HPA axis is believed to be involved in the neurobiology of mood disorders and functional illnesses, including anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, clinical_depression, burnout, chronic fatigue syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome. | | | The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) is a major part of the neuroendocrine system that controls reactions to stress and has important functions in regulating various body processes such as digestion, the immune system and energy usage. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal_axis
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| | The vasopressin V1b receptor critically regulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity under both stress and ... |
| | with a particular focus on the HPA axis system. | | | Reduced Hypothalamic Vasopressin Secretion Underlies Attenuated Adrenocorticotropin Stress Responses in Pregnant Rats | | | Oki, Y., Nicholson, W.E., and Orth, D.N. Role of protein kinase-C in the adrenocorticotropin secretory response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) and the synergistic response to AVP and corticotropin-releasing factor by perifused rat anterior pituitary cells. |
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http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/113/2/302
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| | Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune system. |
| | Conversely, numerous IS soluble mediators are reported to affect the HPA axis functions at various steps of HPA axis regulation, in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. | | | Complex and bidirectional relationships operate between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system (IS) and either in vivo or in vitro evidence supports a physiological role of the HPA axis-IS network. | | | Finally, in the context of the wide spectrum of HIV-related HPA axis abnormalities, a case of a Cushing's syndrome associated to an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS-related complex) in a 24-year-old homosexual drug abuser is reported. |
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http://www.aegis.com/aidsline/1995/may/M9550302.html
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| | Age-related changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: pathophysiological correlates. |
| | The aim of this review was to examine the evidence for age-related changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in both physiological and pathological aging, on the basis of the many data in the literature, as well as of our personal findings. | | | Due to the opposite effects of cortisol and DHEAS on the brain and particularly on the hippocampal region, the imbalance between glucocorticoids and androgens occurring in physiological and even more in pathological aging, may have adverse effects on the function of this region, whose key role in learning and memory is well known. | | | Age-related changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: pathophysiological correlates. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_11275940.html
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| | Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult women with low birthweight |
| | In animal models females are more sensitive to HPA axis programming by manipulations in utero, but whether gender influences susceptibility in humans is unknown. | | | None had pituitary or adrenal disease or were receiving steroid therapy. | | | Negative feedback sensitivity was assessed by overnight low dose (0.25 mg) dexamethasone suppression, and adrenal sensitivity by low dose (1 microgram) ACTH |
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http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0005/ea0005p228.htm
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| | The hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis |
| | Understanding the molecular mechanisms of HPA axis activation will likely advance the development of therapeutic interventions for conditions in which GC levels are chronically elevated. | | | The different patterns of response by the HPA axis during chronic activation are an important consideration in selecting an animal model to assess HPA axis function in a particular disorder. | | | Chronic stress or corticosterone treatment induces neuropathological alterations, such as dendritic atrophy in hippocampal neurons, which are paralleled by cognitive deficits. |
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http://www.psychiatry.co.uk/hpa.htm
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| | HPA Axis: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Modelling / Cushing's Help and Support |
| | This is consistent with the finding that ACTH response to CRH remains depressed long after hypercortisolemia has been treated by surgical removal of an adrenal adenoma [16] | | | HPA axis dysfunction has been found to occur during psychiatric illness [1-5]. | | | Therefore, study of HPA axis functioning is important to further our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. |
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http://www.cushings-help.com/HPA_axis.htm
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| | The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Major Depressive Disorder: A Brief Primer for Primary Care Physicians/PCC ... |
| | In addition, medications that act on the HPA axis are currently in development and may be part of the psychiatrist’s and primary care physician’s pharmacopoeia in the near future. | | | This review will discuss some of these findings and their pertinence to the assessment and treatment of depressed patients. | | | Conclusion: Future research in this area will focus on a better understanding of the etiology and long-term consequences of HPA axis activation in depressed patients. |
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http://www.psychiatrist.com/pcc/abstracts/pcc030401.htm
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| | Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 6225 : Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to stress in subjects with ... |
| | The responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (ACTH and cortisol delta peaks) correlated directly with GH areas under curves in response to bromocriptine, and inversely with psychometric measures of aggressiveness and novelty seeking. | | | Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to stress in subjects with 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (\'ecstasy\') use history: correlation with dopamine receptor sensitivity | | | No correlation was found between hormonal measures and the extent of MDMA exposure. |
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http://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?C=ref&ID=6225
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| | Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in elderly endurance athletes. |
| | Basal CORT and ACTH levels were indistinguishable between runners and sedentary controls, whereas CORT responses to hCRH were significantly increased in endurance athletes, and ACTH responses tended to be higher in this group. | | | The mechanisms underlying these alterations may either be a stepwise decrease in corticotropic sensitivity to the negative feedback signal leading to a switch to positive glucocorticoid feedback, an enhanced cosecretion of ACTH secretagogues such as vasopressin, or a combination of both. | | | To explore the effects of repeated episodes of hypercortisolemia on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, we studied plasma ACTH and cortisol (CORT) responses to 100 micrograms human CRH (hCRH) in 10 dexamethasone (1.5 mg)-pretreated elderly endurance athletes who had abstained from physical activity for at least 48 h before testing and 13 sedentary age-matched controls. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_1651955.html
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| | Mind-Body-Health.net Information on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis |
| | In CFS and burnout the HPA axis becomes suppressed, resulting in the various physical and mental symptoms associated with these conditions. | | | Both ACTH and beta-endorphin are similar in structure, and are released together in response to CRH stimulation by the hypothalamus. | | | Endorphins are thought to be important in reducing pain during times of stress. |
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http://www.mind-body-health.net/hpa.html
(653 words)
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| | Critical Care Full text The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in critical illness: responses to the low-dose ... |
| | The objective of this study was to investigate the functional integrity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in critical illness by stimulating with the low-dose ACTH stimulation test (LDST) and hCRH. | | | This disorder is mostly due to primary adrenal dysfunction, but also to hypothalamic–pituitary failure. | | | The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in critical illness: responses to the low-dose corticotropin (ACTH) stimulation test and human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH) |
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http://ccforum.com/content/8/S1/P256
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| | hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis |
| | interaction and feedback in stimulation or suppression of hormones produced in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands. |
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http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/Thesaurus/00017227.htm
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| | Experimentally Challenged Reactivity of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis in Patients with Recently Diagnosed ... |
| | There is evidence that the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis is subresponsive in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). | | | Our findings show reduced HPA axis responsiveness in RA patients with recent diagnosis receiving longterm medication that is suggested to be located both at a hypothalamic/pituitary and at an adrenal level. | | | We assessed HPA axis responses to experimental stressors mimicking daily life challenges in patients with RA to determine whether HPA axis activity is associated with Th1 and Th2 activity. |
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http://www.jrheum.com/abstracts/abstracts01/1496.html
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| | Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Autonomic ... |
| | Objectives: To investigate whether a pattern of lower autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity is found in children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) under nonstressful and stressful conditions, and whether such a pattern would correspond with their feelings of control and negative emotionality. | | | Method: The effects of stress were studied by comparing cortisol response, heart rate (HR), skin conductance level (SCL), and subjective feelings of 26 children with DBD and 26 matched normal controls. | | | Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Autonomic Nervous System Activity in Disruptive Children and Matched Controls.(Statistical Data Included)@ HighBeam Research |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:67589572&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf
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| | hypothalamic pituitary axis |
| | neuroendocrine system of neurons, fiber tracts, endocrine tissue, and blood vessels which produces and releases pituitary hormones into the systemic circulation. |
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http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/Thesaurus/00004044.htm
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| | Find in a Library: The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis : physiology, pathophysiology, and psychiatric implications |
| | The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis : physiology, pathophysiology, and psychiatric implications | | | Find in a Library: The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis : physiology, pathophysiology, and psychiatric implications | | | To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country. |
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http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/ee1306c7cc7eaf5da19afeb4da09e526.html
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| | Healthy Brain Project - Hormonal Factors Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis |
| | Plasma and urinary levels of the adrenal steroid hormones cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) have not been consistently linked to cognitive decline or dementia in prospective epidemiologic studies. | | | A prospective study of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cognitive function in an older population: the Rancho | | | Therapeutic implications of HPA axis abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease: review and |
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http://trans.nih.gov/CEHP/HBPhormone.htm
(827 words)
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| | Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations |
| | 560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology; ADRENAL GLANDS-- SENSITIVITY;ETHANOL-- BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS;PITUITARY GLAND-- SENSITIVITY; ADRENAL HORMONES;AGE DEPENDENCE;BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS;CHRONIC EXPOSURE;CORTICOSTERONE;RADIOIMMUNOASSAY;RATS | | | ADRENAL HORMONES;ALCOHOLS;ANIMALS;BIOASSAY;BODY;CORTICOSTEROIDS;DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES;ENDOCRINE GLANDS;GLANDS;GLUCOCORTICOIDS;HORMONES;HYDROXY COMPOUNDS;IMMUNOASSAY;IMMUNOLOGY;ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS;KETONES;MAMMALS;ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;ORGANS;PREGNANES;RADIOASSAY;RADIOIMMUNODETECTION;RADIOIMMUNOLOGY;RODENTS;STEROID HORMONES;STEROIDS;TRACER TECHNIQUES;VERTEBRATES |
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http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5863097
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