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| | Hypercalcemia |
 | | Hypercalcemia generally develops as a late complication of cancer and the expected outlook is grim without effective anticancer therapy. | | | As in cancer or paralysis of the arms and legs, any condition in which the patient is immobilized for long periods of time can lead to hypercalcemia due to bone loss. | | | Many different conditions can cause hypercalcemia; the most common are hyperparathyroidism and cancer. |
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http://www.lifesteps.com/gm/Atoz/ency/hypercalcemia.jsp
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| | Hypercalcemia: |
| | The decision to correct clinical hypercalcemia must be considered within the context of therapeutic goals as determined by the patient, the caregivers, and the medical staff. | | | Coleman RE Bisphosphonate treatment of bone metastases and hypercalcemia of malignancy. |
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http://www.acor.org/cnet/62737.html
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| | WSAVA 2001 - Hypercalcemia in Dogs: Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment |
| | In our laboratory, hypercalcemia in dogs is defined when the total serum calcium is greater than 11.6 mg/dL and the ionized calcium concentration is greater than 6.0 mg/dL. | | | Observations from a primary care biochemistry laboratory indicate that renal failure is most commonly associated with hypercalcemia in the dog. | | | The first goal of fluid therapy is to correct dehydration, because hemoconcentration contributes to increased serum ionized calcium concentration. |
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http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00156.htm
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| | eMedicine - Hypercalcemia : Article by Robin R Hemphill, MD, MPH |
| | Hypercalcemia associated with malignancy: Unlike PTH-mediated hypercalcemia, the elevation of calcium that results from malignancy generally worsens until therapy is provided. | | | PTH-mediated hypercalcemia is related to increased calcium absorption from the intestine. | | | If this is accomplished, the patient may not need therapy for the hypercalcemia itself. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic260.htm
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| | Postgraduate Medicine: Management of hypercalcemia |
| | Because hypercalcemia may be a preterminal event, appropriate therapy needs to be considered in the context of the patient's overall therapeutic goals. | | | Hypercalcemia is a common metabolic condition encountered in both inpatient and outpatient settings. | | | If hypercalcemia results from a malignancy, specific antitumor therapy is necessary. |
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http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2004/05_04/inzucchi.htm
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | Severe hypercalcemia should be treated immediately and aggressively. | | | Mild hypercalcemia does not usually need to be treated aggressively. | | | However, it is not clear if death occurs due to a hypercalcemia crisis (uncontrolled or one that comes back and gets worse) or due to the advanced cancer. |
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http://www.medhelp.org/lib/cancernet/504462.htm
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| | CANCER ASSOCIATED HYPERCALCEMIA |
| | Changes in renal handling of calcium, then, are important in precipitating hypercalcemia in patients with increased bone resorption. | | | Describe, in brief, the pathophysiologic changes associated with cancer associated hypercalcemia. | | | The most common cancers that are associated with the development of hypercalcemia are SQUAMOUS CELL LUNG CANCER, SQUAMOUS CELL HEAD AND NECK CANCERS, BREAST CANCER, MULTIPLE MYELOMA, T-CELL LYMPHOMAS, RENAL CELL CANCER, AND OVARIAN CANCER. |
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http://www.uic.edu/classes/pmpr/pmpr652/Final/bressler/cancerhyper.html
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| | Hypercalcemia- Health Encyclopedia and Reference |
| | In hypercalcemia of malignancy (cancer), more specific therapy is required including a bisphosphonate, which lowers blood calcium levels. | | | What drugs can be used to treat the hypercalcemia? | | | Is it the result of any other medical condition? |
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http://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/408/590/Hypercalcemia.html
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| | eMedicine - Hypercalcemia : Article by Ilene A Claudius, MD |
| | Unlike in most forms of hypercalcemia, which are associated with systemic alkalosis, patients with hyperparathyroidism tend to have acidosis. | | | Used in the treatment of conditions associated with increased bone resorption, such as osteoporosis, Paget disease of bone, and management of hypercalcemia (especially that associated with malignancy). | | | Long-term therapy can begin while the patient is in the hospital and continue following discharge. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1062.htm
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| | p000320b - Hepatic Malignancies and Hypercalcemia |
| | Hypercalcemia may be controlled when surgical excision of the primary tumor is possible. | | | As comparison, 38 control patients who had either classical peripheral cholangiocarcinoma or typical hepatocellular carcinoma were studied. | | | Approximately 85% of patients with cancer and hypercalcemia will have disease metastatic to bone. |
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http://www.emory.edu/WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/p000320b.html
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | The goal of treatment for bone metastases is palliative, to relieve pain and risk of fracture, and has historically consisted of surgery, radiation therapy and pain medications. | | | Bisphosphonate drugs: Recently, bisphosphonates have become effective treatments for preventing the complications of bone metastases including fractures, relieving bone pain and hypercalcemia. | | | Most recently, bisphosphonate drugs have become an effective approach. |
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http://www.caring4cancer.com/999.aspx
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| | Postgraduate Medicine: Understanding hypercalcemia |
| | Preview: Hypercalcemia is a common metabolic condition encountered in both inpatient and outpatient settings. | | | This condition is infrequently encountered today, with the advent of treatments such as histamine | | | The second article, which will appear in an upcoming issue of Postgraduate Medicine, reviews the diagnostic evaluation of the patient with an elevated serum calcium concentration and presents appropriate therapeutic strategies. |
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http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2004/04_04/inzucchi.htm
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| | American Family Physician: A practical approach to hypercalcemia |
| | The principal challenges in the management of hypercalcemia are distinguishing primary hyperparathyroidism from conditions that will not respond to parathyroidectomy and knowing when it is appropriate to refer the patient for surgery. | | | American Family Physician: A practical approach to hypercalcemia | | | Approximately one in 500 patients who are treated in a general medicine clinic have undiagnosed primary hyperparathyroidism, the leading cause of hypercalcemia. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_9_67/ai_102223717
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| | Zometa International - Understanding Hypercalcemia |
| | The excess blood calcium is from the breakdown of bone by cancer (2). | | | Normally, calcitonin decreases the reabsorption of calcium from bone; calcitonin therapy gives extra calcitonin to combat bone breakdown (2). | | | The symptoms of hypercalcemia may be vague and nonspecific (4). |
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http://zometa.com/hcp/patient/un_hypercalc/hypercal.jsp
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| | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hypercalcemia |
| | Bisphosphonates (drugs that stop bone resorption such as pamidronate or etidronate) | | | Calling your health care provider Return to top | | | Hemodialysis (for hypercalcemia that is unresponsive to treatment and is life-threatening) |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000365.htm
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | Hypercalcemia in turn causes bone defects, cardiac changes, shock, renal hypertension and failure and death at especially high levels. | | | Bone defects and cardiac involvement may not be apparent to the iguana owner until the condition is well advanced. | | | For information on lighting, heating and ultraviolet B, please see the lighting/heating and UV articles on the Captive Environment page. |
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http://www.anapsid.org/hypercal.html
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| | American Family Physician: Additional causes of hypercalcemia in infants |
| | TO THE EDITOR: I read with interest the article, "A Practical Approach to Hypercalcemia," (1) in the May 1, 2003, issue of American Family Physician. | | | American Family Physician: Additional causes of hypercalcemia in infants | | | Amherst, N.Y. IN REPLY: In infants, hypercalcemia is a rare but serious condition which should be investigated and treated without delay. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_12_69/ai_n6159469
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| | Novartis Pharmaceutical- A through Z - Hypercalcemia |
| | Diseases and Conditions / A through Z / Hypercalcemia | | | Hypercalcemia usually appears during the later stages of cancer. | | | Hypercalcemia (HY-per-cal-SEEM-ee-a) means that there is too much calcium in the blood. |
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http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com/conditions/az/hypercalcemia.jsp
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| | Misdiagnosis of Underlying Causes of Hypercalcemia - WrongDiagnosis.com |
| | Hypercalcemia as a symptom: Conditions listing Hypercalcemia as a symptom may also be potential underlying conditions: | | | These are other medical conditions that may possibly cause Hypercalcemia. | | | Hypercalcemia as a complication: Other conditions that might have Hypercalcemia as a complication might be potential underlying conditions. |
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http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hypercalcemia/underly.htm
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | Hypercalcemia may be a symptom of a chronic inflammatory disease called sarcoidosis. | | | The most common causes of hypercalcemia are: poor kidney function, hyperparathyroidism, cancer, excessive intake of vitamin D, and therapy for peptic ulcers. | | | The style of treatment depends on how high the calcium level is and what is causing hypercalcemia Your doctor will determine which option is best for you. |
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http://www.mamashealth.com/blood/hypercal.asp
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| | Hypercalcemia - definition of Hypercalcemia in Encyclopedia |
| | Severe hypercalcemia (above 15-16 mg/dL or 3.75-4 mmol/l) is considered a medical emergency: at these levels, coma and cardiac arrest can result. | | | Hypercalcemia per se can result in fatigue, depression, confusion, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, or increased urination; if it is chronic it can result in urinary calculi (renal stones or bladder stones). | | | Abnormal heart rhythms can result, and an EKG finding of a short QT interval suggests hypercalcemia. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Hypercalcemia
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | In one study of 40 dogs with elevated calcium, 29% had Addison’s disease, making this condition a common cause of hypercalcemia (though not as common as Lymphoma and Parathyroid tumors). | | | Further, as you are about to find, the medical work up for hypercalcemia can be long and not inexpensive. | | | If you have further questions about hypercalcemia or the conditions leading to it, do not hesitate to ask your veterinarian. |
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http://www.marvistavet.com/html/body_hypercalcemia.html
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | A diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made and localization of a parathyroid adenoma responsible for the increased parathormone was desired. | | | Click here to go to Joint Program in Nuclear Medicine home page and Copyright notice. | | | A 53 year old female had an incidental finding of hypercalcemia. |
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http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/jpnm/hcache/1025/unknown.html
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| | Hypercalcemia |
| | This is one page of 3 in this chapter, 134 in this book, and 4645 in the Family Practice Notebook. | | | Step 1: Confirm hypercalcemia present (see labs above) |
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http://www.fpnotebook.com/REN8.htm
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