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| | The Next Influenza Pandemic: Lessons from Hong Kong, 1997 |
 | | The Hong Kong experience shows that there can be no absolute certainty about the human pathogenicity or animal transmissibility of any influenza specimen. | | | One year after concerns were raised in Hong Kong about another influenza pandemic, are we really much further along in establishing the most effective early warning systems and developing the ability to deal with a true pandemic? | | | Thus, the rules for pandemic planning need revision, recognizing that reliance on existing licensed techniques for vaccine production could entail unacceptably long delays, should a highly pathogenic strain of avian influenza emerge and lead to a strain transmissible in humans (35). |
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http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no2/snacken.htm
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| | flu gene change |
| | At some point, Webster is optimistic that the medical profession will be in a better position to deal with a bad virus when it strikes. | | | According to Webster, for everyone who studies influenza, the ultimate goal is to understand why 1918 was such a bad, bad virus. | | | In the latest issue of Nature Medicine, Dr. Webster and his coworkers publish some pioneering work that may provide a clue as to the virulence of the highly pathogenic H5N1 “Hong Kong” influenza virus (1). |
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http://www.vetscite.org/publish/items/000779
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| | Influenza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The virus may then recombine within the pig, to form a genetically new virus which is able to infect humans and be transmitted from person to person. | | | You can help in our current fundraiser by donating here | | | Antiviral treatments that have proven effective in influenza are amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir, oseltamivir and ribavirin. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza
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| | New Flu Virus in Hong Kong |
| | When someone has the flu they usually feel awful, have a sore throat, muscle aches, muscle pains, cough and fever. | | | This is because the virus is so new that it can grow to high numbers in our bodies before our immune system can mount an effective response. | | | Usually, people don't die from the flu unless the person has some respiratory disease or is elderly. |
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http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/251/4807
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| | The Flu |
| | Cancer or other diseases for which they are taking medicines that shut down their immune systems. | | | As always, you need to talk to your own or your child'd doctor to help decide if you or your child should receive the vaccine.) | | | Although several researchers claim that there is evidence of such poisoning, and in particular an increased risk of autism with thimerosal-containing vaccines, this has not been well-proven, and several large studies in different countries show no change in the occurence of autism or other neurodevelopmental disorders between children given thimerosal-containing and thimerosal-free vaccines. |
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http://www.drreddy.com/shots/flu.html
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| | Alert over Hong Kong 'super-flu' |
| | Professor John Tam, one of those treating the virus patients in Hong Kong, said: "It must have come from a patient and is probably spread from human to human in very close contact by aerosol, like sneezing. | | | The signs and symptoms of the disease in Hanoi include initial flu-like illness, with rapid onset of high fever followed by muscle aches, headache and sore throat. | | | Concerns over the highly-contagious illness have prompted many staff and patients attending hospitals in Hong Kong to wear surgical masks. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/863929/posts
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| | Avian Flu in Hong Kong - Information - December 1997 |
| | For this reason Health Canada's Laboratory Centre For Disease Control (LCDC) is carefully monitoring the situation in Hong Kong. | | | Also, since there are strains of influenza circulating in China that are known to cause widespread human disease, a flu shot is recommended for those over 65 years of age, living in a chronic care facility, or with chronic medical conditions such as bronchitis, emphysema, heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease or cancer. | | | Nine medical staff who treated those with the avian flu subsequently became ill with respiratory illness. |
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http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/info/birdflu_e.html
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| | CNN - Hong Kong 'chicken flu' suspected in 2 more cases - December 16, 1997 |
| | It is the first time several members of one family have been sickened, and reinforced concern that the virus can be spread not just from live birds to humans but from person to person. | | | Hong Kong Director of Health Margaret Chan told reporters the new suspected cases involve a 2-year-old boy and a 3-year-old girl, who are in satisfactory condition. | | | But, with so few cases at present, health officials stress the outbreak is not an epidemic, raising hope that there is still time for it to be understood sufficiently so that it can be brought under control. |
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http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9712/16/chicken.flu
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| | Hong-Kong-Flu-Pandemic |
| | The World Health Organization warned last week bird flu is the mostly likely candidate to combine with a human virus, creating a new strain that could trigger a worldwide pandemic and kill as many as seven million people. | | | However, there has been no concrete evidence yet of human-to-human transmission of the disease. | | | The Microbiology Department at the University of Hong Kong said Shortridge could only be reached through his e-mail but he did not immediately respond to one. |
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http://www.cp.org/english/online/full/health/041204/x120402A.html
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| | CNN.com - Hong Kong chicken flu sparks mass spring clean - May 17, 2001 |
| | The illness was rediscovered in Hong Kong on Wednesday, when nearly 800 chickens were killed by a strain of the H5N1 virus which officials say is not harmful to humans. | | | More than six thousand birds have been destroyed at public markets where the sick chickens were found in an attempt to contain the virus. | | | Six people who were infected by that strain of the virus died. |
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http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/05/17/hongkong.chicken
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| | Online NewsHour: Hong Kong Flu-- December 16, 1997 |
| | A new strain of the flu, which experts believe was originally transmitted from chickens to humans, has the medical community concerned about a possible epidemic. | | | People who were vaccinated, a certain number of those people developed a paralysis after vaccination, what's called Gionne Beret Syndrome, related to the vaccine. | | | While the outbreak in Hong Kong is still in early stages, the fear of a possible epidemic is prompting the medical community to take action. |
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http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/july-dec97/flu_12-16.html
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| | In The News 1-19-98: Lethal Hong Kong Avian Flu Challenges Vaccine Makers |
| | Amantadine or rimantadine were effective when given early in the illness, says Dr. Robert Webster of St. Jude’s here, who made a pre-Christmas WHO trip to Hong Kong. | | | Six of the patients with the sore throat, high fever, and severe aches and pains of H5N1 flu had known contact with live chickens and apparently inhaled respiratory secretions or feces of infected birds. | | | But the Type A (H5N1) virus that had killed three of nine patients in Hong Kong by Christmas and is rapidly lethal in a day or two in chickens is the first avian flu to infect humans before combining with a strain in another mammal. |
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http://www.physweekly.com/archive/98/01_19_98/itn1.html
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| | Virile Virus |
| | But despite the low death toll, the case reminds us of the virility of viruses, and points up the folly of relaxing our guard against infectious disease. | | | The reassuring throat cultures were all taken from patients who had flu symptoms. | | | But she notes that "this is the first time that a purely avian strain of influenza has been found to cause the flu in humans, and that's why there was such an intensive investigation." |
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http://whyfiles.org/049flu/main1.html
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| | Containing the Hong Kong Poultry Flu Outbreak |
| | While a "hot" virus makes an effective antigen, using a related, mild strain that doesn't strike humans would be safer. | | | Hong Kong and other locations in China have a history of being the starting zones for world influenza pandemics--worldwide epidemics bringing illness and death to millions of people. | | | While vaccine may have been found, Hong Kong officials aren't taking chances. |
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http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/dec98/flu1298.htm
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| | Experts Study Hong Kong Flu Threat |
| | We've already had six or seven cases of transmission, presumably from avian reservoir to humans, but we have no evidence yet of human-to-human transmission," said Dr. Robert G. Webster, chairman of the department of virology and molecular biology at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. | | | Webster said the antiviral drug amantadine is effective for treating this flu, which like other influenza infections begins with sore throat, high fever, and body aches. | | | None of the patients with confirmed H5N1 infection had contact with each other, nor did they share any medical characteristics that might make them more susceptible to a viral infection, such as impaired immunity. |
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http://www.personalmd.com/news/a1997121510.shtml
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| | Hong Kong Flu Update |
| | These preliminary results and findings were released today (Saturday) jointly by the Hong Kong Department of Health, WHO and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention in Atlanta, USA. | | | They stressed that the observations were preliminary and were based on serological test results done in connection with the first patient, using a microneutralization assay developed at CDC. | | | The results, based on studies related to the first avian flu case in a human, suggested that the main mode of H5N1 transmission was from bird-to-human. |
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http://www.junkscience.com/news/flunews1.htm
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| | CTV.ca Hong Kong flu expert scores SARS discoveries |
| | The findings have spanned a range, from what happens inside the bodies of SARS patients and how the virus leaves the body to how long it survives outside the body and where it might have come from. | | | Hospitals across Hong Kong were told to ratchet up their surveillance, and all patients with severe pneumonia were to be investigated. | | | But what these ailing people had was a bug no one had seen before. |
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http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1054906013142_56
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| | The Standard - HK Stadium may be used as clinic if bird flu hits - Top Stories |
| | A public health crisis, however, could outweigh all other concerns. | | | An electronic information system will also be rapidly deployed to locate and treat patients. | | | Hong Kong has so far been spared, but the Center for Health Protection said average consultation rates for flu-like illnesses in the SAR for the week ending March 12 was 78.1 per 1,000 consultations in private clinics, up 36 percent from 57.2 a week before that. |
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http://www.thestandard.com.hk/stdn/std/Front_Page/GD01Aa02.html
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| | Honolulu Star-Bulletin Local News |
| | There were no outbreaks in the past, he said, "but that doesn't mean we can let our guard down and not be careful. | | | Anyone at risk for serious complications, such as the elderly and people with medical conditions, should be vaccinated if they haven't already, Effler said. | | | He would be less concerned if it's shown that the flu is transmitted only from birds and not from person to person, Effler said. |
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http://starbulletin.com/97/12/25/news/story2.html
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| | CNN.com - Hong Kong: One 'flu out of the chicken's nest - May 22, 2001 |
| | But you can also say that we are better prepared to defend ourselves than ever before." | | | Panic set in when people learned what was happening," says Professor John Tam, who works in the department of microbiology at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. | | | Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. |
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http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/05/21/chickenflu.feature
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| | Focus On The Flu |
| | A backgrounder on what the flu virus is composed of, how it invades the body, and why it presents such a problem to health officials | | | New ideas for drugs and treatment regimens that may better fight the flu once a person has been infected | | | A comparison of the age-old method of making a flu vaccine with a new, more efficient technique |
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http://www2.niaid.nih.gov/Newsroom/FocusOn/Flu04/timeline.htm
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| | AM - Fears of flu pandemic |
| | TANYA NOLAN: Are anti-influenza drugs an effective way of trying to reduce the risk of seeing such a pandemic in the future? | | | Research published in the journal, Nature Medicine, found that the Hong Kong Flu, which spread from chickens in 1997 and killed six people, proves that flu viruses can genetically adapt to circumvent the body's natural immune responses. | | | Their concern has been fuelled by new findings which show why the flu can be so pathogenic. |
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http://www.abc.net.au/am/stories/s683183.htm
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| | Hong Kong Flu |
| | As a result of our intense interest in all things Xena, we discovered the entertaining genre of Hong Kong films. | | | Tai Seng Video has lots of HK movies (many of them letterboxed and subtitled, which is the only way to go) and some 'way cool posters and t-shirts. | | | Many of the Xena action sequences are based on scenes from Hong Kong (heretofore referred to as "HK") movies. |
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http://www.originalcyndesigns.com/butenough/hongkong.html
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| | MedRounds: Hong Kong Chicken Flu |
| | As a precautionary measure, laboratory research is being done to find a vaccine strain for Influenza A (H5N1). | | | One- third of those infected by Influenza A (H5N1) died of fatal illnesses caused by this avian-flu virus. | | | No real vaccine for Hong Kong Flu virus strain has been made, and there are no plans to commercially produce a vaccine due to the lack of evidence of sustained person to person spread of Influenza A (H5N1). |
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http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~issues/spring98/medrounds_hkchicken.html
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| | Flu |
| | The symptoms of flu are: fever, cough, sore throat, runny and stuffy nose, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. | | | A secondary bacterial infection can develop if the person is old or has a weak immune system that is compromised. | | | Type A and B mutate and change the proteins in their coats so your immune system can't recognize them. |
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http://www.shodor.org/succeed-hi/succeedhi/Flu/background-noframes.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Spanish Flu |
| | Censorship is the control of speech and other forms of human expression, often by government intervention. | | | It is thought to have been one of the most deadly pandemics so far in human history. | | | It was also described as "only the flu" or "the grippe" by public health officials seeking to prevent panic. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Spanish-Flu
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| | WHO One case of “bird flu” confirmed in Hong Kong – investigation ongoing |
| | He was treated, has recovered and is in stable condition. | | | A medical and epidemiological investigation is ongoing in Hong Kong SAR to determine the cause of those illnesses and deaths, and results should be available in the next few days. | | | The World Health Organization is collaborating closely with health authorities in Beijing and Hong Kong SAR. |
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http://www.who.int/mediacentre/releases/2003/pr17/en
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| | The Epoch Times Hong Kong Enters Flu Season |
| | Hong Kong’s Department of Health revealed that in September, 37 out of 1,000 patients received by state-run hospitals and private clinics suffered from the flu during the first week and by the third week, the number increased to 52. | | | We also offer shots to mentally ill patients who lack the ability to take care of their own health.” | | | The president of the Hong Kong Medical Association, Cai Jian, indicated that in August, the number of hospital visits for the flu was 20 percent higher than the average rate. |
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http://english.epochtimes.com/news/4-10-14/23743.html
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| | Bird flu panic sweeps Hong Kong |
| | Hong Kong health officials said they were testing everyone with severe pneumonia for the virus but had found no other positive results. | | | Hong Kong authorities say they are working with mainland officials to monitor the situation. | | | However, given the location, the symptoms, and the history of previous avian influenza there, it is far more likely that this is another "bird flu". |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/847752/posts
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| | Hong Kong 'bird flu' sparks fear of pandemic |
| | Southern China is believed to have been the source of two inluenza pandemics in 1957 and 1958. | | | Flu fact sheet - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases | | | Four people are known to have contracted avian flu. |
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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1997/12/11/whong11.html
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| | >>> AsiaNews.it <<< After Sars and bird flu, Hong Kong risks dengue fever |
| | Lo Wing-lok, President of the Medical Association and a legislator representing the medical sphere in Parliament, said that “Public education is important, such as warning people about the dangers of stagnant water.” There is also misinformation about the illness spreading especially in rural areas. | | | Hong Kong (AsiaNews/SCMP) — Health authorities have warned that the risk of an explosion of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne illness, has greatly increased in Hong Kong. | | | Content on this site is made available for personal, non-commercial use only. |
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http://www.asianews.it/view.php?l=en&art=997
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| | BIRD FLU |
| | Public health scientists have injected the duck virus into laboratory ferrets, often used as test animals in flu research because they develop classic respiratory symptoms. | | | Public health officials remain concerned that the genes of A(H5N1) could yet mix with those of a human strain to create a new strain that could spread widely in the human population. | | | Fortunately the bird flu virus does not appear to spread easily from person to person. |
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http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw/full/new/update7.html
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| | News Release: ‘New' Flu Bug Causing Late-Season Outbreaks in Texas |
| | Symptoms of influenza, a respiratory illness, include sudden onset of fever, chills, muscle aches, sore throat, nasal congestion and a dry cough. | | | He said people should cover their mouths and noses when they cough or sneeze and should wash their hands frequently to reduce the spread of influenza and other illnesses. | | | The Hong Kong strain, which has been circulating in Southeast Asia and other areas, will be covered by the next influenza vaccine which should be available in late fall. |
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http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/news/b_new419.htm
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| | Flu viruses threaten Hong Kong - Cold & Flu - MSNBC.com |
| | While no specific Fujian flu vaccine is available, there are shots that can offer some immunity. | | | A virulent strain of flu that has hit the United States is present in Hong Kong, which may not be able to cope with a major outbreak, an American expert warned on Friday. | | | He said the Fujian strain had killed at least 23 children in the United States, deaths which he believed could have been avoided had the children been vaccinated. |
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http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3693374
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| | Hong Kong flu definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms |
| | Hong Kong flu definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms | | | Earlier infections by the Asian flu virus might have provided some immunity against the Hong Kong flu virus that may have helped to reduce the severity of illness during the Hong Kong pandemic. | | | This virus was first detected in Hong Kong in early 1968 and spread to the United States later that year. |
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http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26429
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| | IOL: Hong Kong flu virus prompts WHO intervention |
| | Experts know little else about the virus, except that it is fast-spreading and can be passed from human to human by coughs and sneezes. | | | The hospital in Hanoi closed after 20 staff fell ill. Some have since developed pneumonia and acute respiratory distress. | | | The man who died, an unidentified 50-year-old American businessman, had flown from Shanghai to Hong Kong and then to Hanoi, where he was admitted to hospital with severe respiratory problems. |
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http://www.int.iol.co.za/?click_id=117&art_id=qw1047650043248B243&set_id=1
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| | Hong Kong flu strain |
| | WASHINGTON -- Six people in Hong Kong who caught influenza from chickens may turn out to be the first patients in a worldwide epidemic caused by a new flu strain, says an expert who predicts that "it's only a matter of time" until the virus starts spreading from human to human. | | | Robert G. Webster, a member of the World Health Organization influenza team and virus expert at the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn., said yesterday that a unique strain of flu never before seen in humans could rage around the globe if the virus mutates so that it can be transmitted between people. | | | Flu shots now in use offer no protection, he said. |
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http://www.recordonline.com/1997/12-16-97/worldb.htm
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| | Dead Falcon in Hong Kong Found to Be Infected With Bird Flu |
| | They have described the scale of its spread as "unprecedented" and warned that the disease could evolve to spread from person to person, and not just from birds to people. | | | While bird flu is lethal to domesticated fowl and has an estimated 30 percent mortality rate in people, wild fowl appear to be less affected and sometimes can spread the disease until they die of other causes. | | | Roy Wadia, a spokesman in Beijing for the World Health Organization, said that the agency had asked the Ministry of Health there a few days ago about the disease in China but had not received a reply. |
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http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/22/international/asia/22BIRD.html?ex=1390107600&en=5af4524127879418&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND
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| | HONG KONG FLU |
| | The virus was later identified and named as: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). | | | The “antigenic shift” process only occurs very occasionally, but when it does, people are left with no antibodies to provide even partial protection against the new strain or virus. | | | Pandemics are known to have occurred in 1918, 1957, and 1968, resulting in large numbers of deaths. |
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http://www.johnnyspencer.info/imagetexts13/hongkongfluE.htm
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| | December 19, 1997, Hour 1:The Hong Kong Flu / pharmaceutical Sheep |
| | Seven people in Hong Kong have been diagnosed with a new strain of influenza, and two of those people have died, raising the possibility that a new emerging infectious disease may be on the loose - but scientists still aren't sure. | | | The Center for Disease Control and Prevention has sent a team of experts to Hong Kong to study the virus, and scientists here are working to try to develop a vaccine for the new strain. | | | They are also unsure about whether or not the disease can be spread from one person to another -- a question that must be answered before the real significance of the threat can be determined. |
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http://www.sciencefriday.com/pages/1997/Dec/hour1_121997.html
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| | SIGHTINGS: |
| | Osterhaus said early news of the new flu strain proved that the international influenza surveillance network set up by the World Health Organization was working. | | | But health organizations around the world have been alerted because the potential of the new virus for causing a pandemic, or global epidemic, in humans is unknown. | | | They believe the new strain originates in birds or pigs and then crosses over to humans who have no immunity against it. |
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http://www.rense.com/health/newlethalflu.html
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| | New Scientist Hong Kong chicken flu slaughter "failed" - Breaking News |
| | That would be an ignorant act," said Peter Wong Chun-kow, Hong Kong president of the World's Poultry Science Association. | | | Guan Yi, a microbiologist at the University of Hong Kong says all live chicken farms in the region should be closed and the importation of live chickens from mainland China banned, to try to ensure this does not happen. | | | A new outbreak of avian flu is currently spreading in Hong Kong, but this strain has not yet been analysed. |
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http://www.newscientist.com/channel/health/bird-flu/dn2189
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| | BBC News ASIA-PACIFIC Hong Kong bird flu spreads |
| | The measures were taken after scientists warned the virus could mutate in a similar way to one which killed six people in 1997. | | | The farms - in the Kam Tin area of the New Territories - were found to be infected with the H5-type virus, which officials fear could spread to humans. | | | Hong Kong authorities say they have placed five more farms in quarantine and slaughtered almost 200,000 chickens, amid concerns about the spread of bird flu. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_1825000/1825604.stm
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| | CBSNews.com |
| | Americans may have also benefited from increased immunity after exposure to the 1957 outbreak. | | | Because this virus did not become widespread in the United States until around the December holidays, when children were not in school and less likely to infect each other, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says this flu was not as deadly as it could have been. | | | This flu strain started in Hong Kong and sickened millions of people worldwide. |
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http://www.cbsnews.com/htdocs/health/flu/1968.html
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| | hong kong flu and other hong kong related information |
| | Alert over Hong Kong 'super-flu' The culprit may be an influenza virus Health officials have issued a global warning about a virulent flu and pneumonia that has swept through hospitals in Hong Kong and... | | | Hong Kong Flu Watch Wednesday, December 07, 2005 "Ziploc bag full of bad weed"....takes a Western perspective to mangle Chinese medicine FOXNews.com reports on a Chinese herbal remedy for... | | | Hong Kong Flu - Common name for the influenza A strain that killed nearly 750,000 people around the world in the 1968 pandemic. |
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http://www.nethorde.com/hong_kong/hong-kong-flu.html
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| | TIMEasia.com: News -- Hong Kong's Fowl Problem |
| | But a lack of coordinated regulations, record keeping and research between Hong Kong and southern China is one reason for their inability to get to the root of the problem. | | | And the outbreak caused worldwide concern among health experts, who feared a possible global pandemic. | | | Although only the 1997 variant infected humans, the concern is that another fatal combination could leap the species barrier at any time."We do not know enough about H5N1," Shortridge says. |
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http://www.time.com/time/asia/news/daily/0,9754,201978,00.html
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| | Flu Pandemic Monitoring in Hong Kong |
| | Examples of human infections by all 3 avian subtypes have been noted. | | | Since these viruses have 3-7 human genes from a1933 isolate, they offer dangerous new reassortment and recombination possibilities in humans, birds, and pigs, in addition to the combinations previously noted. | | | Hong Kong has added H7 and H9 to H5 as reportable avian influenza diseases. |
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http://www.recombinomics.com/News/1231044/Hong_Kong_Monitoring.html
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| | Hong Kong Shakes Flu, Struts Stuff |
| | Only changing to a high-quality, fashion-oriented industry will allow Hong Kong to compete effectively against its lower-priced neighbors, Fung explained. | | | Of course, glamour was created in other ways as well. | | | The linked rate, coupled with Hong Kong's higher cost of living, has put apparel manufacturers within the Special Administrative Region-as Hong Kong is known since its shift last year from Britain to China-at a severe competitive disadvantage against other Asian exporters, whose apparel prices have plummeted along with their currencies. |
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http://www.apparelnews.net/Archive/020698/fashion/fashstory.html
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| | Hong Kong Cinema's Flu Taboo - New York Times |
| | Lam Kam-po, director of the Hong Kong Film Critics Society, pointed out that the flu has not been as relentless as what he called the SARS disaster, which caused 298 deaths in the territory. | | | While the dream factory often doubles as a pop-cultural inventory for diseases, Hong Kong's busy film industry has been wary of the current flu strain, which emerged in the territory in 1997 and led to 18 cases and 6 deaths. | | | If the flu approaches the level of the 1918 pandemic, said the professor, "there will probably be films about it." |
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http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/11/movies/11ng.html?ex=1291957200&en=d0dbcf832a7fbb61&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss
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