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| | Postgraduate Medicine: Hepatic encephalopathy |
 | | Several clinical trials have failed to prove the efficacy of oral or intravenous BCAA therapy in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. | | | HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: Metabolic consequence of cirrhosis often is reversible by Souheil Abou-Assi, MD, Z. Reno Vlahcevic, MD | | | Ferency P, Herneth A, Steindl P. Newer approaches to therapy of hepatic encephalopathy. |
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http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2001/02_01/assi.htm
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| | eMedicine - Encephalopathy, Hepatic : Article by David C Wolf, MD, FACP, FACG |
| | These patients may require therapy with benzodiazepines in conjunction with lactulose and other medical therapies for hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Ferenci P, Herneth A, Steindl P: Newer approaches to therapy of hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Medicine is a constantly changing science and not all therapies are clearly established. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3185.htm
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| | Proton MR spectroscopic measurement of neurometabolites in hepatic encephalopathy during oral lactulose therapy |
| | The purpose of this study was to determine whether MR spectroscopy could demonstrate relevant neurometabolic changes associated with lactulose therapy and thereby provide further support for the use of MR spectroscopy in clinical trials. | | | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging and MR spectroscopy are increasingly being used to determine response to pharmacologic therapy. | | | These data support the expanded use of MR spectroscopy as an adjunctive technique in pharmaceutical development and clinical trials for HE. |
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http://www.mrispectroscopy.com/Abstracts/abstract3.htm
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| | Hepatitis Central, Subclinical Hepatic Encephalopathy Impairs Daily Functioning |
| | Interim study results from the REPEAT (REtreatment with PEgasys in pATients Not Responding to Peg-Intron Therapy) study will be presented here on Nov.... | | | One hundred seventy-nine patients with histologically proven cirrhosis (113 male, 66 female; mean age, 50 years; SD 14; range, 18-77 years) entered the final analysis. | | | Information at this website is for educational purposes only; statements about products and health conditions have not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. |
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http://hepatitis-central.com/hcv/symptoms/encephalopathy/subclinical.html
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| | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hepatic encephalopathy |
| | It is characterized by various neurologic symptoms including changes in reflexes, changes in consciousness, and behavior changes that can range from mild to severe. | | | Both forms may result in irreversible coma and death, with approximately 80% fatality if coma develops. | | | Hepatic encephalopathy is an acute medical condition that may become a medical emergency. |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000302.htm
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| | All-Net fulminant hepatic failure: hepatic encephalopathy |
| | Traditional signs of increased ICP are unreliable in FHF; these signs can include hypertension, bradycardia, increased muscle tone leading to decorticate rigidity and posturing, and abnormal pupillary reflexes and brainstem respiratory patterns. | | | Olafsson S, Webster S, Levy R. Complications of intracranial pressure monitoring in fulminant hepatic failure. | | | Unfortunately, these medications are not as effective in FHF as they are in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy associated with chronic liver disease. |
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http://pedsccm.wustl.edu/All-Net/english/gipage/liver/fhf-15.htm
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| | Dopaminergic agonists for hepatic encephalopathy |
| | Dopaminergic agonists should not be used for hepatic encephalopathy in clinical practice, but may be assessed in future randomised clinical trials. | | | Hepatic encephalopathy may be associated with an impairment of the dopaminergic neurotransmission. | | | Hepatic encephalopathy occurs in patients with chronic liver disease or fulminant liver failure. |
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http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab003047.html
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| | UK Indymedia - IATROGENIC HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY |
| | The same record documents “ I was called in later that night because she had become obtunded”, while N—6 of the nursing notes documents “no response to verbal or physical stimulation” (obtundation) as early as 0030 hours on May 23rd of 2000. | | | ·Iatrogenic hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is defined by the occurrence of brain dysfunction is a direct consequence of a medical intervention (shunt procedures, drugs) in a previously asymptomatic patient with liver disease. | | | · Iatrogenic hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is defined by the occurrence of brain dysfunction is a direct consequence of a medical intervention (shunt procedures, drugs) in a previously asymptomatic patient with liver disease. |
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http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2002/08/38729.html
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| | Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists for hepatic encephalopathy (Cochrane Review) |
| | Considering the fluctuating nature of hepatic encephalopathy, future trials should use a parallel design and assess if treatment with flumazenil leads to a sustained improvement or increased recovery and survival. | | | Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists may have a beneficial effect on patients with hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Until this has been demonstrated, flumazenil may be considered for patients with chronic liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy, but cannot be recommended for routine clinical use. |
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http://www.cochrane.org/cochrane/revabstr/ab002798.htm
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| | A Review of Congenital Portosystemic Shunting and Hepatic Encephalopathy |
| | The theories that have been proposed are based on two concepts. | | | Histologic changes in the brains of human and animal patients with hepatic encephalopathy generally are mild and non-specific. | | | Heptic encephalopathy is a neurologic disorder which may develop in animals who have advanced liver disease and/or severe portosystemic shunting. |
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http://www.addl.purdue.edu/newsletters/1997/winter/cps.shtml
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| | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
| | The spinal fluid glutamine is a more sensitive test than arterial ammonia and correlates closely with the depth of the coma. | | | Hepatic encephalopathy is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that complicates acute and chronic liver failure. | | | The diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is clinical and depends on documentation of the presence of mental status changes, fetor hepaticus (feculent-fruity odor of the breath), and asterixis (flapping motion of the hands caused by intermittent loss of extensor tone) in a patient with parenchymal liver disease with abnormal liver enzymes and elevated ammonia levels. |
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http://members.tripod.com/enotes/hepatic-encephalopathy.htm
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| | Ammonia/Liver/hepatic encephalopathy |
| | This improvement can take a few days, however, and the patient must have some diarrhea with the lactulose for the lactulose to be effective. | | | Many patients with high ammonia levels from liver disease develop an altered mental status with symptoms such as forgetfulness, confusion and lethargy. | | | We typically treat hepatic encephalopathy with a medication called lactulose which is a syrup given by mouth. |
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http://www.medhelp.org/forums/hepatitis/messages/30098a.html
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| | Science News : Natural sedatives linked to brain disorder. (hepatic encephalopathy) @ HighBeam Research |
| | But a report in the July 14 LANCET implicates mysterious natural substances that behave like benzodiazepine drugs such as Valium. | | | Read 'Science News: Natural sedatives linked to brain disorder. | | | The prevailing theory holds that high blood levels of ammonia, caused by a malfunctioning liver, lead to the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy, which include drowsiness, memory loss, stupor and in some cases coma. |
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http://static.highbeam.com/s/sciencenews/july211990/naturalsedativeslinkedtobraindisorderhepaticenceph/index.html
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| | IngentaConnect Hepatic encephalopathy - a physostigmine-reactive central anticho... |
| | A 60-year-old anaemic woman was admitted unconscious and with a delayed reaction to pain but with no focal neurological deficits. | | | We suggest that hepatic encephalopathy may trigger CAS, although the significance of physostigmine in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy remains to be addressed by controlled investigations. | | | This report describes an association between hepatic encephalopathy and central anticholinergic syndrome (CAS). |
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http://api.ingentaconnect.com/content/gmed/eja/1999/00000016/00000002/art00012
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| | Hepatic encephalopathy - The Doctors Lounge(TM) |
| | Surgical decompression procedures have been used for many years to lower portal pressure in patients with bleeding esophageal varices (see below). | | | The major clinical manifestations of portal hypertension include hemorrhage from gastroesophageal varices, splenomegaly with hypersplenism, ascites, and acute and chronic hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Hepatitis B viral load, genotype affect liver cancer risk, study finds |
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http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/clinlounge/diseases/git/portal_hypertension.htm
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| | Hepatic encephalopathy is a common and serious complication affecting patients with liver disease... |
| | H pylori seropositivity in all subjects was 65 percent, in patients of liver disease with hepatic encephalopathy it was 78 percent, patients of liver disease without hepatic encephalopathy was 56 percent, and healthy controls was 48 percent (Table I). | | | Hepatic encephalopathy is a common and serious complication affecting patients with liver disease... | | | Hepatic encephalopathy is a common and serious complication affecting patients with liver disease. |
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http://www.indegene.com/Gas/FeatArt/indGasFeat8.html
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| | Nonabsorbable disaccharides for hepatic encephalopathy (Cochrane Review) |
| | Objectives: To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of nonabsorbable disaccharides for patients with hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Background: Nonabsorbable disaccharides (lactulose or lactitol) are considered the treatment of choice for hepatic encephalopathy. | | | We found that antibiotics appeared to be superior to nonabsorbable disaccharides in improving hepatic encephalopathy, but it is unclear whether this difference in treatment effect is clinically important to patients. |
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http://www.cochrane.org/cochrane/revabstr/ab003044.htm
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| | All-Net fulminant hepatic failure: encephalopathy |
| | Use of sedatives in non-intubated patients is contraindicated. | | | Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in fulminant hepatitis B. | | | It may be necessary to have a patient care assistant constantly at the bedside to assist with safe patient restraint. |
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http://pedsccm.wustl.edu/All-Net/english/gipage/liver/fhf-6.htm
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| | Synbiotic modulation of gut flora improves minimal hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients |
| | Some cirrhotic patients develop brain dysfunction, called hepatic encephalopathy, which causes deficits in behavior, intelligence, consciousness and neuromuscular function. | | | Since ammonia has been shown to play a key role in overt hepatic encephalopathy, treatment options for MHE have also focused on reducing ammonia levels in the body. | | | "Our study is the first to examine the impact of synbiotics and fermentable fiber alone on MHE and other aspects of hepatic function in patients with cirrhosis," the authors report. |
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http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2004-05/jws-smo051304.php
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| | Information About Hepatic Encephalopathy Web Sites |
| | Merck Manual: Liver Encephalopathy - Describes how this condition occurs, common symptoms, methods of diagnosis, and treatments. | | | Understanding the Evaluation and Treatment for Encephalopathy - Explains what it is; evaluation; treatments, including medications and diet changes; and links to additional information. | | | Top: Health: Conditions and Diseases: Neurological Disorders: Brain Diseases: Metabolic: Hepatic Encephalopathy |
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http://www.worldcrawl.com/Health/ConditionsandDiseases/NeurologicalDisorders/BrainDiseases/Metabolic/HepaticEncephalopathy
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| | Increased density of catalytic sites and expression of brain monoamine oxidase A in humans with hepatic encephalopathy. |
| | As HE patients are most often treated for their hepatic symptoms rather than their neuropsychiatric manifestations, they represent an important "untreated" psychiatric population. | | | Altered biogenic amine metabolism and function are believed to underlie certain of the neuropsychiatric symptoms, e.g., depression, mania, and anxiety, encountered in clinical hepatic encephalopathy (HE). | | | Increased density of catalytic sites and expression of brain monoamine oxidase A in humans with hepatic encephalopathy. |
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http://www.pdg.cnb.uam.es/UniPub/iHOP/gp/937153.html
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| | Hepatic Encephalopathy in dogs |
| | Prednisone is also used for some cases of hepatic encephalopathy, particularly cases of liver disease in which an immune mediated disorder is suspected. | | | Hepatic encephalopathy is central nervous system illness caused by severe | | | Have you seen this symptom in any patient? |
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http://www.vetinfo.com/dhepaticenceph.html
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| | Hepatic Encephalopathy - Montaine Centre of Natural Therapies - Sydney, Australia |
| | Hepatic Encephalopathy - Montaine Centre of Natural Therapies - Sydney, Australia | | | Little is known of these neurotoxins causing encephalopathy, but they are thought to be nitrogenous substances produced mainly in the gut through protein decay, at least in part by bacterial action, which are normally metabolised by the healthy liver so that they don’t enter the systemic circulation. | | | Herbs that alleviate or prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy :- |
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http://www.montaine.com.au/enc/en_ht/ht_dt/hepatic_encephalopathy.htm
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| | Hepatic encephalopathy |
| | Haussinger D. Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Prevalence and natural history of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. | | | TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portacaval shunt), a widely used radiologically inserted shunt to lower portal pressure, produces liver encephalopathy. |
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http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0411.html
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| | The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy -- Farmer and Mulakkan 20 (2): 91 -- Annals of Clinical and Laboratory ... |
| | The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy -- Farmer and Mulakkan 20 (2): 91 -- Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science | | | Recent clinical and laboratory data have advanced the hypothesis that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) absorbed from the gut may enter the brain and exert a profound inhibitory effect. | | | Drugs which antagonize the GABA-benzodiazepate receptor may offer symptomatic improvements in hepatic encephalopathy. |
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http://www.annclinlabsci.org/cgi/content/abstract/20/2/91
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| | IngentaConnect Clinical Efficacy of L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate in the Management of... |
| | The clinical efficacy of both oral and parenteral L-ornithine–L-aspartate (OA) was confirmed by randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies in patients with manifest hepatic encephalopathy and hyperammonemia. | | | In contrast to the positive effects observed in patients with more advanced hepatic encephalopathy, oral OA does not seem to affect minimal hepatic encephalopathy. | | | Keywords: L-ornithine–L-aspartate; hepatic encephalopathy; hyperammonemia, placebo controlled clinical trials |
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http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/mebr/2002/00000017/00000004/00453519
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| | Brain and plasma levels of opioid peptides are altered in rats with thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure: ... |
| | Such changes may contribute to the motor dysfunction, psychiatric | | | Articles by Yurdaydin, C. Articles by Basile, A. Brain and plasma levels of opioid peptides are altered in rats with thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure: implications for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy with opioid antagonists | | | Brain and plasma levels of opioid peptides are altered in rats with thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure: implications for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy with opioid antagonists -- Yurdaydin et al. |
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http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/273/1/185
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| | Grisolâia, Felipo and Miñana (1990) Cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy, and ammonium toxicity |
| | Hepatic encephalopathy; Liver; Ammonia; Liver Cirrhosis; Congresses; Cirrhosis; Toxicology; metabolism; toxicity; etiology; therapy; complications | | | "Proceedings of an International Symposium on Cirrhosis, Hepatic Encephalopathy, and Ammonium Toxicity: Molecular Basis and Clinical Aspects, held November 27-29, 1989, in Valencia, Spain"--T.p. | | | Grisolâia, Felipo and Miñana (1990) Cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy, and ammonium toxicity |
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http://www.getcited.org/pub/102872125
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| | Hepatic Encephalopathy - The Health Beat ... Medical . Disease . Conditions - SearchBeat.com |
| | WebMD/Lycos: Hepatic Encephalopathy - An in depth look at this disorder, from alternative names to a description, causes, incidence and risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, complications and prevention. | | | Top > Health > Conditions and Diseases > Neurological Disorders > Brain Diseases > Metabolic > Hepatic Encephalopathy | | | FpNotebook: Hepatic Encephalopathy - Offers participating factors, pathophysiology, symptoms and signs, diagnosis and management. |
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http://www.searchbeat.com/Health/ConditionsandDiseases/NeurologicalDisorders/BrainDiseases/Metabolic/HepaticEncephalopathy
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| | [No title] |
| | Brain cells called astrocytes from a 51-year-old alcoholic patient with cirrhosis who died in a coma (hepatic encephalopathy [HE]). | | | The image shows both normal astrocytes (N), which have dark nuclei, and Alzheimer type II astrocytes (Alz), characteristic of HE, which have pale, enlarged nuclei. |
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http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/Resources/GraphicsGallery/Neuroscience/astrocytesp.htm
(65 words)
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