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| | Diagnosis of equine fetal sex by location of the genital tubercle |
 | | We demonstrated recently that the ultrasonic assessment of the relative location of the genital tubercle in cattle is a reliable technique for determining sex of the bovine fetus beginning on Day 55 of pregnancy.' In horses, there appears to be a lack of published information on the development, anatomy, and migration of the genital tubercle. | | | The genital tubercle is the embryonic process that differentiates into the penis in males and clitoris in females. | | | Determination of the relative location of the genital tubercle was dependent upon the plane of view of the fetus. |
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http://www.neosoft.com/~iaep/pages/jevs/backissues/bijevsvol9/j902p77.html
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| | Endotext.com - Pediatric Endocrinology, Sexual Differentiation |
| | The genital tubercle emerges as a ventral medial outgrowth between the genital folds. | | | This isoenzyme is expressed in fetal genital skin and in the urogenital sinus from early fetal development (257). | | | Fgf8 promotes outgrowth of the genital tubercle and Fgf10 is involved in the development of the glans penis and clitoridis (187). |
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http://www.endotext.org/pediatrics/pediatrics7/pediatrics7_2.htm
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| | Hypospadias & Epispadias Association Support and Medical Information |
| | The male hormones cause the genital swelling to create the scrotum, the genital folds to fuse together to become the shaft of the penis, and the genital tubercle to form the glans or tip of the penis. | | | The default developmental pathway is female development, with genital folds becoming labia minora, the tubercle forming the clitoris, and the genital swellings forming the labia majora. | | | Until 8 to 10 weeks of development, embryos have neither male nor female sex organs and genitalia, but instead have a genital tubercle, genital folds and genital swellings. |
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http://www.hypospadias.net/whatis.htm
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| | Sexual development |
| | In the absence of testosterone the female produces a clitoris from the genital tubercle; labia minora from the genital folds; and labia majora from the genital swellings. | | | This in turn causes the genital tubercle to form the penile head (glans); the genital folds form the penile shaft ; and the genital swellings form the scrotum. | | | Late in organogenesis (near day 55) three neutral areas form in the region of the future groin: these are called the genital tubercle, the genital folds, and the genital swellings. |
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http://www.ic.sunysb.edu/Stu/jchenowe/sexual.html
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| | bc_martini_eap_3The Reproductive SystemEmbryology Atlas |
| | In the male embryo at 10 weeks, the genital tubercle has enlarged, the tips of the urethral folds have moved together to form the penile urethra, and paired scrotal swellings have developed from the genital swellings. | | | A genital tubercle develops that will form the glans of the penis in males and the clitoris in females. | | | The genital swellings will become the labia majora. |
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http://wps.aw.com/bc_martini_eap_3/0,7016,454771-,00.html
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| | eMedicine - Genital Anomalies : Article by Luigi Avolio, MD |
| | Abnormal positioning of the genital tubercle in relation to the scrotal swellings during the critical fourth to fifth week of gestation may affect the inferomedial migration and fusion of the scrotal swellings. | | | In the male fetus, the genital tubercle enlarges to form the penis; the genital folds become the shaft of the penis; and the labioscrotal folds fuse to form the scrotum. | | | Obstructing genital anomalies may present at birth with mucocolpos, but the obstructive anomaly often is asymptomatic and escapes detection. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2798.htm
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| | Normal Penis Development |
| | The genital eminence, an external mound arising between the umbilicus and the tail, is made up of the genital tubercle and the genital swellings. | | | The urogenital sinus opens at the base of the genital tubercle, between the genital swellings. | | | At 9 weeks of gestational age, and under the influence of testosterone, the genital tubercle starts to lengthen. |
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http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/meded/urology/nlpendv.htm
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| | Cohn Lab Research |
| | Signals that regulate early pattern formation of the genital tubercle are common to males and females, and sexual differentiation occurs relatively late in genitourinary morphogenesis. | | | We have discovered a new organizer that is essential for early outgrowth of the genital tubercle. | | | The external genitalia of males and females begin with formation of a genital tubercle. |
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http://www.zoo.ufl.edu/cohn/Research.html
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| | Bluegrass Equine Reproduction Symposium |
| | The genital tubercle is the precursor to the penis in a male and the clitoris in a female. | | | Determinations are made in utero by locating the genital tubercle and defining its position relative to other fetal structures. | | | He is certain when he finds a definite tubercle in a filly or colt cross-sectional view, and reinforces it with a negative finding in the cross-sectional view of the opposite sex. |
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http://www.neosoft.com/~iaep/pages/membersonly/meetings/bers98.html
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| | BioMed Central Full text Uterovaginal Anomalies: Diagnosis and Current Management in Teens |
| | The aim of appropriate management is to restore reproductive and sexual functioning, normalize genital anatomy where possible, and alleviate her psychological concerns. | | | The adolescent's perception of the genital anomaly might differ from that of her parents. | | | Malformations of the reproductive tract are associated with significant psychological morbidity relating to the malformation, her sexual identity, and the reproductive consequences. |
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http://www.biomedcentral.com/1534-5874/3/445
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| | The Peripenic Muscle |
| | It was formerly believed that the tip of the genital tubercle represented the glans penis or clitoridis, and that the prepuce grew forward over this from the outer skin folds ( 7). |
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http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/jefferson
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| | sBMJ |
| | In female embryos, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are not present in sufficient quantities to masculinise the external genitalia, and the genital folds remain separate, forming the labia minora and majora. | | | The genital tubercle remains small and becomes the clitoris. | | | At age 9 weeks in both sexes, the external genitalia consist of two sets of genital folds (outer and inner) and a prominent genital tubercle. |
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http://www.studentbmj.com/issues/1104/education/400.html
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| | ECHINOID TERMINOLOGY |
| | The primary spines are mounted on the primary tubercles, and the scrobicular spines are mounted on the scrobicular tubercles. | | | The primary spines form an effective defense against larger predators, with their attachment to the test protected by the scrobicular spines. | | | Reproductive fluids are released through the genital pores. |
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http://www.chalk.discoveringfossils.co.uk/CIDAROID_terminology.htm
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| | Overview of AIS |
| | Ambiguous genitals, severely 'under-masculinized' (phallic structure that is indeterminate between a penis and a clitoris) | | | In other words, the inherent trend is for any foetus to develop female external genitals and general body form, in the absence of the masculinizing effects of male hormones. | | | So AIS is a condition that affects the development of the reproductive and genital organs. |
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http://www.medhelp.org/www/ais/21_OVERVIEW.HTM
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| | Health Library.com -- Reading Room: Sex Education To Adolescents |
| | The genital tubercle develops into penis in the male and into clitoris in the female. | | | The genital swellings become elongated and flat to form the labia majora in the females. | | | The genital swellings become hollow to form scrotum and lodge the testes in the males. |
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http://www.healthlibrary.com/reading/prakruthi/sex/chap10.html
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| | Embryonic Development of the Reproductive System |
| | As the glans portion of the genital tubercle enlarges, it becomes known as the phallus. | | | By the sixth week, a swelling called the genital tubercle is apparent in the groin of the embryo. | | | The mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts open to the outside through the genital tubercle. |
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http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/vdghumananatomy/student/olc2/re-reading9.html
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| | Florida Entomologist, v. 84, n. 1, p. 99 |
| | 21), and the posteroventral edge of the male genital capsule transversely sinuate (Fig. | | | Posteroventral edge of genital capsule simple, with a weakly concavity (Fig. | | | Posteroventral edge of genital capsule simple, transversely straight. |
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http://www.fcla.edu/FlaEnt/fe84p99.htm
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| | CBC W DIFF & PLT COUNT |
| | Tuberculosis of other male genital organs, tubercle bacilli not found by bacteriological or histological examination, but tuberculosis confirmed by other methods (inoculation of animals) | | | Tuberculosis of other female genital organs, tubercle bacilli not found by bacteriological or histological examination, but tuberculosis confirmed by other methods (inoculation of animals) | | | Tuberculosis of other male genital organs, tubercle bacilli not found (in sputum) by microscopy, but found by bacterial culture |
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http://pangloss.ucsf.edu/CP/LabMan/LMRPweb/CBCD.html
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| | [No title] |
| | During embryonic development, the urogenital sinus is flanked by ridges called genital folds. | | | In front of sinus, folds meet to form genital tubercle | | | 5-alpha-reductase deficiency produces ambiguous genitals (e.g., labia with testes inside & enlarged clitoris). |
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http://www.uwm.edu/~rswain/class/SUM03/sum12.html
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| | New Page 2 |
| | The genital tubercle is the precursor of the penis in the male or the clitoris in the female. | | | Gender determination is based on the location of the genital tubercle. | | | Before 58 days the tubercle is not distinct enough and has not migrated sufficiently to make a distinction. |
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http://www.vetmed.lsu.edu/eiltslotus/theriogenology-5361/clinical%20e.m._2.htm
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| | lect17 |
| | In indifferent stage is genital tubercle, genital fold, and genital swelling. | | | There is a genital ridge of indistinguishable sex up to 4-5 weeks of age. | | | There is a natural tendency for female genitalia to develop. |
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http://www.trinity.edu/lespey/biol3449/lectures/lect17/lect17.html
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| | Genitalia. Who is Genitalia? What is Genitalia? Where is Genitalia? Definition of Genitalia. Meaning of Genitalia. |
| | G-spot -- Gartner's duct -- genital tubercle -- genitofemoral nerve -- glans -- glans penis -- Gräfenberg spot -- | | | See also: sex, human sexuality, sexual behavior, Obstetrics and gynecology, castration, intersex, transgender, intimate parts, secondary sex characteristics, genital mutilation | | | The Latin term genitalia is used to describe the sex organs, and in the English language this term and genital area are most often used to describe the externally visible sex organs or external genitalia : in males the penis and scrotum, in females the vulva. |
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http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Genitalia
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| | UROGENITAL SYSTEM |
| | The oviduct bases fuse with the uterus and cervex and that fuses with the vagina which forms partly by an evagination from the UG sinus and has a dual endodermal and mesodermal origin. | | | The external genitalia are in an indifferent stage at first with genital tubercle and UG sinus; then if there is no male hormone the default condition is the female pattern of development.The cloacal folds around the cloaca help separate it into anus and UG sinus with the genital tubercle at the front of it. | | | Urogenital system stands for urinary plus genital systems. |
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http://www.csun.edu/~vcbio001/ugsys.html
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| | BIO 150 - Exam 2 Answers |
| | The testosterone converted his genital tubercle folds and swellings [=external genitalia] into a penis and scrotum | | | d) genital folds: the structure that in the male forms the penile shaft [+2] and in the female forms the labia minora[+2] | | | the diminished cortisol leads to excess ACTH leading to immense growth of the adrenal cortex and excess testosterone that converts the genital tubercle, folds, and swellings [=external genitalia] into a penis and bifid scrotum. |
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http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/bio150/exam2.html
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| | ultrasound.html |
| | The genital tubercle differentiates into the penis in the male and the clitoris in the female. | | | If the genital tubercle is found just posterior to the umbilicus, the fetus is male. | | | Ultrasonically, the genital tubercle is an echogenic bilobed structure which is oval or tear drop shaped. |
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http://web.utk.edu/~fschrick/ultrasound.html
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| | Re: is it true that all of the embryos develope a penis then it goes away? |
| | The development of the genital tubercle is why ultrasound imaging cannot be used to determine the sex of a fetus before a certain stage of development — at this early stage both males and females looks alike. | | | In males, the genital tubercle fuses with the urethral swellings and then enlarges to become the penis. | | | In biology, phallus can refer to the penis, but it can also refer to an enlarged clitoris, which is the normal condition in some other animals. |
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http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2005-03/1111526959.Dv.r.html
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| | UNSW Embryology- Development of the Reproductive System |
| | Study the late stage 22 male embryo urogenital region and identify mesonephric duct, paramesonephric duct, genital tubercle, scrotal swellings. | | | Study the early stage 13/14 embryo urogenital region and identify mesonephric duct, genital ridge. | | | Study the early female fetal (week 10) urogenital region and identify paramesonephric duct, mesonephric duct,, ovary, developing uterus/vagina, genital tubercle. |
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http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/genital.htm
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| | Sexual Development in Humans |
| | The cloaca contacts the surface of the embryo to produce a bulge consisting of a genital tubercle with genital folds and a larger pair of genital swellings. | | | Terms Used in Describing Babies With Ambiguous Genitals | | | Mullerian and Wolffian ducts join to a common duct (cloaca) which eventually provides an exit for eggs or sperm and urine |
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http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/sexdev.html
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| | [No title] |
| | 5ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿ• ÿÿd d [ TARGET TISSUES bone, hair, fat, skin, muscle, larynx, genitals, sexual organs, seb. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/psy210/gender.ppt
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| | Research Resources - Scientific Publications: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health |
| | McDonough,K.A., Florczyk,M., and Kress,Y. (2001) Intracellular passage within macrophages affects trafficking of virulent tubercle bacilli upon reinfection of other macrophages in a serum-dependent manner. | | | French,A.L., Cohen,M.H., Gange,S.J., Burger,H., Gao.W., Semba,R.D., Meyer,W.A.,III, Robison,E., and Anastos,K. (2002) Vitamin A deficiency and genital viral burden in women infected with HIV-1. | | | Kemal,K.S., Foley,B., Burger,H., Anastos,K., Minkoff,H., Kitchen,C., Philpott,S.R., Gao.W., Robison,E., Holman,S., Dehner,C., Beck,S., Meyer III,W.A., Landay,A., Kovacs,A., Bremer,J., and Weiser,B. HIV-1 in genital tract and plasma of women: compartmentalization of viral sequences, coreceptor usage, and glycosylation. |
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http://www.wadsworth.org/scipubs/infdis.html
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| | Nat' Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs V.67 (1995) |
| | The prostate was suppressed and the genital tubercle reduced. | | | On the other hand, treating female young with male hormone tended to inhibit development of the vaginal segment of the female reproductive tract and to cause the genital tubercle to develop into a penis (1939,1,3; 1942). | | | These results were still disappointing, however, since they were not successful in stimulating the production of germ cells of the opposite sex in the developing gonads. |
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http://books.nap.edu/openbook/0309052386/html/2.html
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| | [No title] |
| | In front of sinus, folds meet to form genital tubercle bipotential tissue genital folds--labia or scrotum genital tubercle-- clitoris or penis skin of tubercle & folds contains 5-alpha-reductase which converts T to DHT (responsible for male development) absence of 5-alpha-reductase leads to female development male more subject to errors What do anomalies tell us? | | | GnRH puilse causes pituitary to release LH which causes ovary to expel egg primates different-- males show pos. |
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http://soma.npa.uiuc.edu/labs/greenough/statements/rswain/tech/lect12.html
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| | C:\MYDOCU~1\JOHNP\tmp99EXAM1.HTM |
| | b) conversion of genital tubercle into penile glans | | | What is the hormone associated with the conversion of genital swellings in the embryonic male? |
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http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Class/bio300/99exam1.htm
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| | LarryBaskin |
| | Kurzock, E., Baskin, L., Cunha, GR: "Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in development of the mouse fetal genital tubercle." Cells Tissue Organs 164: 125-130. | | | We hypothesize that normal development can be defined by an orderly sequence of cellular and molecular events that can be characterized in the mouse genital tubercle (GT). | | | If the study is successful in recruiting patients and the database proves practical, then centers throughout the country will be recruited to join the study. |
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http://www.gcrc.ucsf.edu/LarryBaskin.htm
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