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| | Local anesthesia -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
 | | Sometimes conduction anesthesia is combined with (A state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation)) general anesthesia or (The administration of a sedative agent or drug) sedation for the patient´s comfort and ease of surgery. | | | Spinal anesthesia was first used in 1885 but not introduced into clinical practice until 1899, when August Bier subjected himself to a clinical experiment in which he observed the anesthetic effect, but also the typical side effect of postpunctural headache. | | | Beside its many uses for surgery, epidural anesthesia is particularly popular in obstetrics for the treatment of labor pain. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/l/lo/local_anesthesia.htm
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| | Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia? |
| | Epidural needle rotation and inadvertent dural puncture with catheter. | | | The incidence of spinal anesthesia in an orthopedic institute in Firenze increased from 22% in 1989 to 42% in 1993 (6). | | | Unsuccessful spinal anesthesia was in 12 of the 50 patients (24%) studied. |
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http://www.csen.com/anesthesia/book
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| | Epidural anesthesia - definition of Epidural anesthesia in Encyclopedia |
| | Epidural analgesia is similar to epidural anesthesia but uses lower concentrations of local anesthetic drugs to remove most, but not necessarily all, pain. | | | The epidural space is a part of the human spine which is very close to the spinal cord, lying just outside the dura mater. | | | After placement of the tip of the Tuohy needle into the epidural space the catheter is threaded through the needle. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Epidural_anesthesia
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| | Spinal & Epidural Anesthesia |
| | The needle for Epidural passes between the vertebrae of the Spinal column to the Epidural space. | | | In surgery on the blood vessels, the chest and for post-operative pain control Spinal or Epidural may be used along with general anesthesia. | | | A anesthesiologist is a physician who specializes in the treatment of pain and the methods used to make a patient unable to sense the pain associated with surgery. |
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http://www.reddinganesthesia.com/spinal.htm
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| | Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia |
| | Spinal and epidural anesthesia are techniques that numb surgical patients from the chest on down the legs. | | | Needle insertion for either spinal or epidural anesthesia may be painful. | | | After the injection of spinal or epidural anesthesia has been completed, or after the epidural catheter has been removed, a small bandage will be placed over the area where the needle was withdrawn. |
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http://www.stjohn.org/HealthInfoLib/HGArticle.aspx?ArticleID=43847
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| | misc.kids.pregnancy Epidural Anesthesia FAQ |
| | Epidural anesthesia does seem to be the safest for both mother and baby if you have to have something, such as for a c-section! | | | Allowing the epidural to wear off before beginning pushing can prevent this to some extent, but not only is it often difficult for women to handle the pain of contractions after being pain-free for so long, but also the muscle weakness and leg heaviness seem to last longer than the pain relief. | | | No grogginess, no headaches, no fetal distress from the epidural [all the distress she was in had started before the epidural was put in]. |
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http://www.faqs.org/faqs/misc-kids/pregnancy/anesthesia/epidural
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| | Healthopedia.com - Epidural Anesthesia (Peridural Anesthesia, AN Epidural) |
| | Epidural anesthesia is a method used to eliminate pain during certain procedures or surgeries. | | | Medication for epidural anesthesia may be given as a one-time injection with a needle. | | | In this form of anesthesia, medication is injected inside the spinal column with a needle or thin tube. |
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http://www.healthopedia.com/epidural-anesthesia
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| | Capitol Anesthesiology Association - Services - Regional Anesthesia - Epidural Anesthesia |
| | Epidural anesthesia is achieved by injecting medications into a space within the spine (the epidural space) so as to target those nerves that supply the part of the body for which anesthesia is desired. | | | While epidural anesthesia is sometimes administered as a single injection through that needle, more often a small, flexible, plastic tube known as an epidural catheter is threaded through the needle into the epidural space and is used to administer further doses of medication. | | | Epidural anesthesia is widely used in modern anesthesia practice. |
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http://www.capanes.com/services_ra_epidural.html
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| | Epidural : American Pregnancy Association |
| | Epidural anesthesia is regional anesthesia that blocks pain in a particular region of the body. | | | Epidural anesthesia is the most popular means for pain relief during labor. | | | After your epidural is placed, you will need to alternate from lying on one side to the other in bed and have continuous monitoring for changes in fetal heart rate. |
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http://www.americanpregnancy.org/labornbirth/epidural.html
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| | Epidural Anesthesia |
| | An epidural relaxes the pelvic muscles and the nerves are bathed in the local anesthetic medication which causes an insensitivity to pain. | | | Epidural anesthesia is the choice of many doctors for labor and delivery. | | | A small catheter is then threaded through the needle into the space and the needle withdrawn. |
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http://www.mjbovo.com/Epidural.htm
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| | Epidural Anesthesia |
| | Epidural is a kind of anesthetic (medication to block pain). | | | The epidural catheter is removed shortly after delivery, unless you need more pain medication after a C-section. | | | The anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist then inserts a needle into the epidural space. |
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http://www.appleview.net/epidural.html
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| | Epidural Anesthesia |
| | Local anesthetic is injected, then a large needle is pushed through the skin, then the epidural needle is placed, then catheter is placed, and the needle removed. | | | This may be due to poor positioning during birth: women with epidurals may not be able to sense discomfort when they are in a position which is straining muscles, so support people need to pay attention to keeping mom in a comfortable, healthy position. | | | When the mom is no longer experiencing physical pain, they may assume she no longer needs support; some women report feeling emotionally abandoned by people moving away at this point. |
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http://transitiontoparenthood.com/ttp/parented/pain/epidural.htm
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| | Epidural Anaesthesia (page 1) |
| | Epidural analgesia allows earlier mobilization, reduces the risk of deep venous thrombosis, and allows better cooperation with chest physiotherapy, preventing chest infections. | | | Insertion of the epidural needle through an area of skin infection may introduce pathogenic bacteria into the epidural space, leading to serious complications such as meningitis or epidural abscess. | | | Epidural anaesthesia is a central neuraxial block technique with many applications. |
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http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/wfsa/html/u13/u1311_01.htm
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| | Reported Side Effects of Epidural Anesthesia - Childbirth.org |
| | While some of the following effects are rare and others are common, it is important for every mother to be aware of these risks, to explore the many natural forms of pain management, and to decide carefully whether the benefits of epidural anesthesia outweigh the risks. | | | Many mothers find it helpful to reconceptualize "pain" as "intensity," to prepare well, to choose their midwife/doctor with care, to arrange for loving support, and to cultivate an awareness of their own courage and beauty. | | | Obstetric Myths versus Research Realities: A Guide to the Medical Literature, 1995. |
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http://www.childbirth.org/articles/sideeppi.html
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| | Epidural Anesthesia |
| | For example you choose to have an epidural, you become hypotensive (blood pressure drops), in response the fetal heart rate will drop, and the doctor determines fetal distress and off you are swept for a cesarean section. | | | I encourage you to read the medical literature and when discussing with your health care provider make sure that you make an informed choice regarding epidural anesthesia. | | | When deciding the right choice for yourself remember that usually an intervention (procedure or medication) is followed by an intervention. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/oh2/tracybrewer/epiduralanesthesia.html
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| | Epidural Analgesia/Anesthesia |
| | Re the subanalysis of potential link of epidural to cxion, these low risk motivated women were 3.7x more likely to have a cxion if they chose epidural than other methods of pain relief. | | | This study prospectively compared the results of 350 labouring patients in an "active management" group with 350 patients in a "traditional management" group (randomized) and concluded that there was a statisticaly significant correlation between epidural anaethesia and C- section. | | | Collis, R.E. et al, "Combined Spinal Epidural (CSE) Analgesia: Technique, Management, and Outcome of 300 Mothers", International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 3:75-81, 1994. |
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http://www.fensende.com/Users/swnymph/refs/epi.html
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| | AORN Online: Journal: AORN Journal: July 2001 Evidence for Practice |
| | The study demonstrates, however, that patients receiving intraoperative and postoperative epidural anesthesia in addition to general anesthesia experience significant benefit in terms of pain management and decreased risk of respiratory failure. | | | J R A Rigg et al, "Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia and outcome of major surgery: A randomised trial," Lancet 359 (April 13, 2002) 1276-1282. | | | Readers who consider basing policies, procedures, and practices on these findings should refer to the original research article and critique the study for its applicability to a specific clinical setting or population. |
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http://www.aorn.org/journal/2002/julyefp.htm
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| | Epidural |
| | This needle makes a hole into the epidural space, and through it a soft catheter is threaded. | | | The needle is then removed, the point of entry sealed, and the catheter is taped to the skin. | | | When I was in medical school, the ward patients in labor received little or no pain relief, while the private patients were given scopolamine, a drug that wiped out the memory of the labor and birth. |
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http://www.birthpsychology.com/messages/epidural/epidural.html
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| | CSE Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia |
| | A Sprotte spinal needle is inserted coaxially into an Epidural Special Sprotte or Tuohy and emerges through the lateral opening of the Epidural needle. | | | Featuring a Tuohy Epidural needle with rear outlet for passage of Sprotte Spinal needle. | | | Combining an epidural needle with the Standard Sprotte |
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http://www.dynamedical.com/pg2i.html
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| | MedlinePlus: Anesthesia |
| | Anesthesia: Options and Considerations (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) | | | Thyroid Surgery with Local Anesthesia Possible (09/26/2005, Reuters Health) | | | Anesthesia for Ambulatory Surgery (American Society of Anesthesiologists) - Links to PDF |
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/anesthesia.html
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| | Pain Relief in Labor - Childbirth.org |
| | Pregnancy Physiologic Changes & Anesthesia by Dr. Paul Ting | | | Epidural treatment for labor lessens woman's pain, increases complications, UT Southwestern research shows | | | IV Medications for Labor & Birth by Dr. Paul Ting |
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http://www.childbirth.org/articles/labor/painrelief.html
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| | Does epidural anesthesia affect breastfeeding? |
| | William Camann MD Bhavani Shankar Kodali MD Modern day epidural anesthesia for labor and delivery uses extremely low doses of medications. | | | ACOG (American College Of Obstetricians and Gynecologists) Practice Bulletin on Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia. | | | Some women may experience difficulty with breastfeeding, for wide variety of reasons, regardless of the methods of anesthesia used during labor or delivery. |
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http://www.brighamandwomens.org/painfreebirthing/breastfeeding.asp
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| | Patient Education Video- Epidural Anesthesia- OB170 |
| | For a more detailed overview of this procedure, Epidural Anesthesia Informed Consent is available for your patients. | | | The products featured on this website are for personal use only and are not to be construed as medical advice or serve as a basis for diagnosis or recommendation of treatment. | | | This video covers the possible risks, side effects and benefits of epidural anesthesia. |
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http://www.milner-fenwick.com/products/ob170/index.asp
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| | Epidural anesthesia |
| | Bromage introduced continuous lumbar epidural anesthesia which required less medication than caudal anesthesia and was easier and faster to administer. | | | After studying infusion rates and concentration levels, HUP was one of the first hospitals to popularize the use of continuous infusion of local anesthetics through an epidural catheter. | | | At HUP, the Department of Anesthesia switched from continuous caudal anesthesia to lumbar epidural anesthesia in 1970. |
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http://www.obgyn.upenn.edu/History/epidural.html
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| | THE GLOBAL REGIONAL ANESTHESIA WEBSITE |
| | CSEGA (Combined Spinal-Epidural-General Anesthesia): The Anesthesia of the Future? | | | CSEGA (Combined Spinal-Epidural-General Anesthesia): The Future of Anesthesia? | | | ELDOR Combined Spinal - Epidural Kit Presentation (Spanish) |
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http://www.csen.com/anesthesia
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| | Epidural Anesthesia |
| | More recent study shows no benefit to epidural delay | | | Labor slowed only between 4-5 cm (not <4 cm) |
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http://www.fpnotebook.com/OB148.htm
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