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| | A CREB-binding site as a target for decapentaplegic signalling during Drosophila endoderm induction |
 | | Increased or ectopic lacZ staining in response to ectopic Dpp or Wg is indicated by arrowheads. | | | Underneath: expression mediated by wild-type and mutant constructs in individual midgut ps (aligned with midgut drawing); +/++/+++, levels of expression as estimated (expression due to B, B5 and BC is restricted to the VM, that due to 5CRE, 4CRE and CRE-FL is mostly in the endoderm). | | | dCREB-B is expressed uniformly and at moderately high levels throughout the embryonic VM and endoderm (not shown; see Materials and methods, and also Usui et al., 1993), but there does not seem to be any dCREB-A expression in the midgut (Smolik et al., 1992; Andrew et al., 1994; our unpublished observations). |
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http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/emboj/journal/v16/n8/full/7590190a.html
(7533 words)
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| | The A-P Axis and Endoderm Development, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center |
| | Currently, we are using chick and mouse embryos to perform a thorough analysis of the role of FGF signaling in posterior endoderm patterning in vivo. | | | Our preliminary specification studies have shown that soluble factors expressed by the primitive streak act to posteriorize endoderm. | | | Figure 2 shows an example of this experiment. |
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http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/research/div/dev-biology/fac-labs/wells-lab/research_1.htm
(832 words)
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| | Contribution of ectoderm-endoderm boundary to initiation of teeth and adenohypophysis |
| | Therefore, the aim of this study is to elucidate the involvement of the ectoderm-endoderm boundary in the initiation of both organs. | | | In mammals, however, there is no direct evidence for the contribution of the epithelial boundary between foregut endoderm and oral ectoderm to the development of teeth and adenohypophysis. | | | Methods: The germ layers were traced by means of DiI/DiO (molecular probe inc.) in long-term culture (LTC), in which whole rat embryo culture (WEC) is followed by the maxillary and mandibular organ culture. |
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http://iadr.confex.com/iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_46651.htm
(354 words)
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| | Pierreux CE, et al. Gene Transfer into Mouse Prepancreatic Endoderm by Whole Embryo Electroporation. JOP. J Pancreas ... |
| | These experiments demonstrate that, by electroporating a whole embryo, one can deliver an exogenous construct in the prepancreatic or prehepatic endoderm. | | | This technique, coupled with whole embryo culture, enables one to deliver genes and analyze their effects in a spatially and temporally regulated manner. | | | We also demonstrated that this technique is a valuable tool in the study of transcriptional regulation in the developing endoderm. |
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http://www.joplink.net/prev/200503/01.html
(3486 words)
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| | DATAFILE\HRW1 |
| | The combined morpholinos affect later gastrulation, which is when the posterior endoderm invaginates. | | | These experiments, as well as the effects of the mRNAs on embryo phenotypes, suggest that the Xsox17 genes mediate an activin induced endoderm differentiation pathway in animal caps and are involved in normal endoderm differentiation in embryos. | | | In contrast the bottle cells, which form anterior endoderm, behave normally. |
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http://template.bio.warwick.ac.uk/staff/hwoodland/HRW2.HTM
(2387 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Endoderm From what does the ligamentum teres hepatis arise? | | | Endoderm Which is more common a hypospadias or epispadias? | | | A branchial cyst in the neck What can be found in the cortex of the thymus? |
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http://umed.med.utah.edu/usmle/PDA/Anatomy.txt
(10754 words)
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| | endoderm |
| | Wylie and colleagues (1987) showed that commitment of the endoderm occurs during early gastrulation, but can be changed before that time. | | | It is thought that endoderm determination is cell autonomous (i.e., it does not need to be induced by other cells), but that it is still labile and sensitive to other influences prior to gastrulation. | | | Recently, three transcription factors have been found to be specifically located in the endoderm. |
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http://zygote.swarthmore.edu/regul10.html
(773 words)
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| | Origin and evolution of endoderm and mesoderm |
| | The evolutionary origin of the inner germ layers, endoderm and mesoderm, and their relationship have been a matter of debate for decades. | | | The role of each of these genes in mesendoderm formation is summarized and we propose that the specific function of each of these genes in endoderm and mesoderm formation evolved from the regulation of basic cellular features, such as cell adhesion, cell motility, cytoskeleton and cell cycle. | | | ABSTRACT Germ layers are defined as cell layers that arise during early animal development, mostly during gastrulation, and that give rise to all tissues and organs in adults. |
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http://www.ijdb.ehu.es/abstract.03078/a531.htm
(217 words)
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| | Mixer, a Homeobox Gene Required for Endoderm Development. |
| | Loss-of-function studies with a dominant inhibitory mutant demonstrate that Mixer activity is required for endoderm development. | | | Mixer transcripts are found specifically in the prospective endoderm of gastrula, which coincides with the time and place that endodermal cells become histologically distinct and irreversibly determined. | | | In particular, the expression of Sox17a and Sox17b, two previously identified endodermal determinants, require Mixer function. |
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http://www.euchromatin.net/mixer01.htm
(238 words)
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| | EVOLUTION: DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF THE GUT |
| | However, this apparent lack of conservation of the signaling pathways regulating endoderm formation probably reflects our incomplete understanding of the process. | | | Although the mechanisms leading to the segregation of these two lineages are fairly well understood in C. elegans and sea urchins, for example, much remains to be learned about this process in vertebrates. | | | Again, this knowledge will be necessary to enhance our ability to coax stem cells into various endodermal or mesodermal lineages. |
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http://scienceweek.com/2005/sw050422-4.htm
(755 words)
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| | VE Glossary |
| | Orienting response or reflex that encourages fetus to automatically turn its head toward a light source | | | Layer of embryonic cells lying between ectoderm and endoderm, that later develops into internal organs such as muscles, blood system, connective tissues, kidneys, dermis and axial skeleton | | | System that helps filter out harmful substances in body; also produces white blood cells, or lymphocytes |
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http://www.visembryo.com/baby/gloss.html
(4499 words)
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| | Douglas A. Melton |
| | The pancreas develops as an evagination from the embryonic endoderm. | | | Subsequent inductive interactions occur between the notochord and the endodermal epithelium. | | | Subsequently, the endoderm is subdivided into different organ regions, including the thymus, lung, liver, stomach, intestines, and pancreas. |
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http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/melton.html
(826 words)
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| | Endoderm Patterning and Pancreas Development, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center |
| | We have identified signaling pathways that have not previously been implicated in pancreas development, and are currently dissecting these pathways to study their function during pancreas development in vivo. | | | In order to study the genetics underlying the development of the endocrine pancreas we used transcriptional profiling to characterize the genes expressed during endocrine pancreas development. | | | We focused our analyses on four biologically significant stages of pancreas development; pre-pancreatic endoderm, early pancreatic cells, endocrine progenitor cells, and Islets of Langerhan's. |
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http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/research/div/dev-biology/fac-labs/wells-lab/research_2.htm
(340 words)
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| | endoderm on Encyclopedia.com |
| | The endoderm is the germ layer from which are formed the digestive system, many glands, and part of the respiratory system. | | | The inner layer of the cup is the endoderm; the outer layer is the ectoderm ; a middle layer, the mesoderm, forms from a marginal zone. | | | Cell movement results in an invagination of the bottom region, or vegetal hemisphere, of the embryo so that it resembles a double-walled cup. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/e1/endoderm.asp
(430 words)
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| | Endodermal Derivatives |
| | Recall that pharyngeal pouches are paired evaginations of the primitive gut endoderm which meet with corresponding invaginations of the surface ectoderm, to form the pharyngeal grooves/clefts. | | | Endoderm forms the epithelial portion of the organs arising from the primitive gut. | | | In the formation of these organs, the endodermally derived epithelia are invested with mesoderm that will form the supporting tissues necessary for the functioning of these organs (i.e. |
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http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/210labs/endo1.html
(884 words)
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| | C. elegans endoderm formation: Mom meets Pop |
| | The functions of the MOM pathway appear to complement those of POP. | | | The inhibition of this function appears to be critical for the specification of the endoderm (Figure 1). | | | It is possible that multiple signaling pathways are active here, and the placement of proteins in the maternal cytoplasm may influence how the E and the MS cells utilize the same signals. |
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http://zygote.swarthmore.edu/cyto10.html
(633 words)
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| | March 29 Lecture Outline |
| | The endoderm forms the epithelial lining of these structures. | | | Interesting sidelight about lung development: Human lungs develop the capacity to secrete a phospholipid-containing surfactant around 34 weeks of fetal life. | | | Induction between region specific mesodermal mesenchyme + endoderm results in the formation of muscle, connective tissue, glands associated with all of the above portions of the digestive tube. |
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http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/linden/bio220/mar26.html
(511 words)
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| | UNSW Embryo- Week 3 Development 3- Gastrulation |
| | This study used an in vitro assay system to demonstrate the soluble inducing signal. | | | FGF4 expressed in primitive streak-mesoderm induces the differentiation of endoderm in a concentration-dependent manner. | | | Gastrulation, means the formation of gut, but has been used in a more looser sense to to describe the formation of the trilaminar embryo. |
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http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/week3_3.htm
(456 words)
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| | Fox Chase Cancer Center: Kenneth S. Zaret, Ph.D. |
| | The issues are also fundamental to the science of biology, challenging, and interesting to study. | | | First, we investigate the signalling pathways that commit an undifferentiated cell to a particular cell type fate, using the specification of embryonic endoderm to liver cells as a model. | | | To investigate the specification of liver cells from the endoderm in development, we use primary cultures of mouse embryo tissues, genetically modified mice, and cell line model systems to identify signalling pathways and transcription factors that control endoderm differentiation and early hepatic development. |
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http://www.fccc.edu/research/pid/zaret
(820 words)
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| | Hinges fold endoderm into gut tube. |
| | The term, median hinge point (MHP) has been applied to neural epithelium, but this gut hinge is also a median hinge point in another epithelium. | | | The possibility that median endoderm is influenced by chordamesoderm in chick and mouse embryos needs further investigation. | | | Apoptosis does not appear to be involved in early folding of chick endoderm. |
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http://academics.hamilton.edu/biology/smiller/hinges.html
(357 words)
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| | Developmental Biology Online: The Autonomous Specification of the Endoderm |
| | Woodland and colleagues (1997) identified the two XSox17 genes by using subtractive hybridization technique. | | | Bix4 may be produced in the mesoderm as well as in the endoderm, but its ability to restore the cell types of VegT-depleted embryos is limited to the endoderm. | | | Vegetal cells are determined to become endoderm at gastrulation (Wylie et al., 1987), and this is the time when the Xsox17 genes are seen to be expressed in the endoderm. |
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http://www.devbio.com/article.php?ch=10&id=127
(1025 words)
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| | Patterns of Cell Proliferation: Endoderm |
| | There is a significant, bilateral pattern, and differences are most pronounced in axial levels that are folding and rotating. | | | In the light of this new information, we suggest it is more precise to refine the term, median hinge point (MHP), to neural hinge point (NHP) and gut hinge point (GHP). | | | Localized changes in cell shape are lacking, as are TUNEL markers and cell morphology that would suggest involvement of apoptosis. |
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http://academics.hamilton.edu/biology/smiller/endoderm.html
(492 words)
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| | sox17 - SRY-box containing gene 17 |
| | Epistasis experiments are consistent with an instructive role for cas in endoderm formation downstream of Nodal signals and upstream of sox17. | | | Our findings indicate an important role of Sox17 in endoderm development in the mouse, highlighting the idea that the molecular mechanism for endoderm formation is likely to be conserved among vertebrates. | | | spg and cas together are both necessary and sufficient to activate endoderm development, and stimulate expression of a sox17 promoter-luciferase reporter. |
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http://www.ihop-net.org/UniPub/iHOP/gi/71969.html
(186 words)
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| | LIFE BEGINS AT CONCEPTION |
| | The pre-embryonic period includes the formation of the three primary germ layers, the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, from which come the organs of the human body. | | | The Embryonic Period is characterized by dramatic cell differentiation from the fourth through the eighth week, so that the beginnings of all essential structures of the human body are present. |
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http://www.biblescripture.net/prolife.html
(2216 words)
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| | Allwords.com Definition of endoderm |
| | In a multicellular animal that has two or more layers of body tissue: the innermost layer of cells of the embryo, which develops into the digestive system of the adult, also forming the yolk sac and allantois in birds and mammals; | | | Your Query of 'endoderm' Resulted in 1 Matches |
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http://www.allwords.com/word-endoderm.html
(103 words)
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| | Current Research Focusing on Euchromatin Within the Cell Nucleus. |
| | Henry GL, and Melton DA, "Mixer, a Homeobox Gene Required for Endoderm Development". | | | Kringstein AM, Rossi FMV, Hofmann A, and Blau HM, "Graded Transcriptional Response to Different Concentrations of a Single Transactivator". |
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http://www.euchromatin.net/current1.html
(9723 words)
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| | Palaeos Vertebrates: References A-L |
| | Couly, GF, PM Coltey and NM Le Douarin (1993), The triple origin of skull in higher vertebrates: a study in quail-chick chimeras. | | | Couly, G, S Creuzet, S Bennaceur, C Vincent and NM Le Douarin (2002), Interactions between Hox-negative cephalic neural crest cells and the foregut endoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the vertebrate head. | | | Cox, B, RJG Savage, B Gardiner and D Dixon (1988), Collins Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. |
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http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Lists/References/Refs.html
(5404 words)
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