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| | articulata |
 | | Protostomia (Gastroneuralia): dorsofrontal cerebral ganglion with inner neuropil, longitudinal nerve cords including one pair of ventrolateral nerves. | | | Thus there are morphological characters which support Articulata but molecular as well as morphological data advocates Ecdysozoa. | | | Another set of characters is presented that supports the monophyly of Ecdysozoa: molting under influence of ecdysteroid hormones, loss of locomotory cilia, trilayered cuticle and the formation of the epicuticle from the tips of epidermal microvilli. |
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http://chuma.cas.usf.edu/~garey/articulata.html
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| | Ecdysozoa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Ecdysozoa concept resolves some morphologic problems like the occurrence of a triradiate muscular sucking pharynx in both tardigrades (whose bauplan reminds one strongly of arthropods) and roundworms. | | | Articulata concept, where the Panarthropoda are combined to one taxon with the annelids. | | | Chaetognatha have also been considered possible members, but this is no longer supported. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecdysozoa
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| | First comparative genomics analyses supporting the Ecdysozoa (Arthropods-Nematodes) monophyly |
| | There are many reasons to consider the coelomata-ecdysozoa problem the most astonishing issue in animal systematics and one of the major open ended subjects in evolutionary biology. | | | We demonstrate that only using a genome wide approach, the new animal phylogeny can be statistically supported. | | | Through the most extensive phylogenomic analysis carried out to date complete genomes of 11 eukaryotic species have been scanned in order to find homologous sequences derived from 18 human chromosomes. |
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http://www.iscb.org/ismb2004/posters/hdopazoATcnio.es_279.html
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| | Penney: Ecdysozoa |
| | A clade of arthropods, nematodes and other moulting animals (the Ecdysozoa) is suggested by one 18S rDNA study (Aguinaldo et al. | | | Defaulting to the traditional Articulata hypothesis is tempting, but even morphological characters show conflicting support for both clades. | | | Although the notion of a single clade containing all animals that molt an external, non-living cuticle has a certain appeal, this topology requires that many other traits must be convergent including the segmented body plan seen in annelids/pogonophorans and arthropods, and the numerous morphological similarities between annelids and onychophorans. |
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http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/biol606/OldLecs/Lecture2K.09.Penney.html
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| | Ecdysozoa |
| | There is however some question whether this recently formulated clade is valid or simply an artifact of methods used in molecular phylogeny. | | | The Ecdysozoa or "molting clade" include the animal phyla with a cuticle which is molted. | | | Phyla included are the Arthropoda, Tardigrada, Onychophora (which together make up the "Panarthropoda"), as well as more primitive worm-like and "pseudocoelomate" groups like the Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Priapula, Kinorhyncha and Loricifera. |
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http://www.palaeos.com/Kingdoms/Animalia/Ecdysozoa.html
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| | Comparative developmental genetics of the ecdysozoa: Tardigrades |
| | Their choice of taxa has been criticised for lack of inclusiveness and lack of representativeness, but reanalysis of SSU rDNA confirmed the Ecdysozoa (Aleshin et al. | | | ED, are well placed to root and illuminate the phylogenetic analysis of ecdysozoan development. | | | Monophyly of Cycloneuralia, the other major lineage within Ecdysozoa, is less well supported (59%). |
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http://nema.cap.ed.ac.uk/tardigrades/Tardigrades_and_Ecdysozoa.html
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| | Introduction to the Ecdysozoa |
| | The Ecdysozoa is one of the two large subdivisions within the Protostomia, a group in which the mouth develops from the first opening to develop in the embryo. | | | The name Ecdysozoa refers to the fact that many members of this group regularly shed their cuticle, a process called ecdysis that is controlled hormonally by a class of steroids appropriately called ecdysteroids. | | | In turn, the Protostomia belongs to a larger group within the Animalia called the Bilateria, because these animals are bilaterally symmetrical, with a left and a right side to their bodies. |
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http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/phyla/ecdysozoa.html
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| | Introduction to the Nematoda |
| | Current studies indicate that nematodes are actually related to the arthropods and priapulids in a newly recognized group, the Ecdysozoa. |
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http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/phyla/ecdysozoa/nematoda.html
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| | Encyclopedia - the free encyclopedia |
| | These two possible lineages have been termed the Articulata and Ecdysozoa. | | | More recently, however, this has been considered convergent evolution, andthe arthropods and allies may be closer related to certain pseudocoelomates such as roundworms that share with themgrowth by molting, or ecdysis. |
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http://www.objectssearch.com/pedia/get.jsp?page=/wiki/Arthropod
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| | You don't have permission to access /Ecdysozoa on this server. |
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http://open-encyclopedia.com/Ecdysozoa
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