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| | Dorsal stream - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The dorsal stream is a pathway for visual information which flows through the visual cortex, the part of the brain which provides visual processing. | | | The dorsal stream was first defined by Ungerleider and Mishkin (In: Ingle DJ, Goodale MA and Mansfield RJW (Editors), Analysis of Visual Behavior. | | | The posterior parietal cortex is essential for, "the perception and interpretation of spatial relationships, accurate body image, and the learning of tasks involving coordination of the body in space" (from: Neuroscience: Exploring the brain, Bear, Connors, Paradiso). |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_stream
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| | Being about - Chapter 4 - Ellie Epp |
| | Visual response in the dorsal stream tends to be response to large areas of the visual field. | | | Dorsal visual areas propagating magno response are found to be directly connected to the superior colliculus and pons in the midbrain, which gives them fast access to evolutionarily early motor systems setting up reflex motion and whole body orientation. | | | Dorsal wide nets that facilitate grooming and other complex sensory-motor behaviors include many partially segregated parietal-frontal through-streams; eye, head, mouth, arm, hand, and finger movements must be organized independently because they occur in different combinations and from many possible starting points to many possible destinations. |
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http://www.sfu.ca/~elfreda/theory/beingabout/ch4.html
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| | Nat' Academies Press, (NAS Colloquium) Neuroimaging of Human Brain Function (1998) |
| | The occipitotemporal pathway, or “ventral stream,” is crucial for the identification of objects, whereas the occipitoparietal pathway, or “dorsal stream,” is crucial for spatial perception (7, 8) and for the visual guidance of movements toward objects in space (9, 10). | | | The original evidence for separate processing streams for object vision and spatial vision was the contrasting behavioral effects of inferior temporal and posterior parietal lesions in monkeys (for review, see ref. 7). | | | A simple way to conceptualize the functions of the two processing streams is “what” vs. “where.” The original evidence for separate processing streams for object vision and spatial vision was the contrasting behavioral effects of inferior temporal and posterior parietal lesions in monkeys (for review, see ref. 7). |
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http://www.nap.edu/openbook/0309060273/html/121.html
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| | Selective dorsal and ventral processing: |
| | Traditional experimental psychology focussed on the function of visual attention in the ventral stream, that is, on "selection-for-visual-perception". | | | Their view of dorsal processing is supported by human neuropsychological studies and neurophysiological work in macaques, especially by single cell recordings (see Milner and Goodale, 1995). | | | VAM claims that visual attention selects one low-level visual object at a time, leading to priorized perceptual processing in the ventral stream (e.g., the object is recognized). |
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http://www.paed.uni-muenchen.de/~deubel/POINT.HTM
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| | Related Studies and Evidence for the Dorsal Stream |
| | The ventral cortical stream is responsible for the "what" perception and the dorsal stream is responsible for the "where" perceptions. | | | He found that it is the superior colliculus system or the dorsal stream that is responsible for what he called "ambient " vision or the "where" information while it is the cortex that is responsible for "focal" vision or the "what" information. | | | Destruction of the superior colliculus produced symptoms that led Schneider to conclude that it is the visual cortex system that is responsible for the perception of pattern and space while the superior colliculus system is responsible for the perception of space. |
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http://www.undergrad.ahs.uwaterloo.ca/kin356/dorsal/Related%20Studies%20and%20Evidence%20for%20the%20Dorsal%20Stream.htm
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| | bbsOnline - Model Commentary |
| | The dorsal pathway can thus be regarded as carrying mainly dynamic, i.e., eventual information (prototypically motion), while the ventral stream seems to be preoccupied with static, i.e., objectual information (prototypically color and form). | | | Experimental data suggest that the division between the visual ventral and dorsal pathways may indeed indicate that static and dynamical information is processed separately. | | | The ventral pathway primarily generates representations of objects, while the dorsal pathway produces representations of events. |
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http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~jim/BBSNEURO/werning.html
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| | Attention, Consciousness, and the Damaged Brain: Insights From Parietal Neglect and Extinction |
| | They suggest that a ventral stream, terminating in the inferotemporal cortex, is involved in maintaining an enduring, viewpoint-independent, representation of objects and their behavioural significance (the so-called "what" pathway). | | | In contrast, they suggest that a dorsal stream, terminating in the posterior parietal cortex, is involved in providing an egocentric representation of objects toward which goal directed actions are planned (the so-called "how" pathway). | | | Rarely in neuroscience does one encounter a model of brain functioning that is derived from such diverse sources as neuroanatomy, single-cell neurophysiology, normal human performance, and the effects of brain lesions on the behaviour of humans and other primates. |
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http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v5/psyche-5-14-mattingley.html
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| | Section A - Behavioral with neuroscience techniques |
| | This proposal stems from a patient who was blind, but her dorsal stream was intact as evidenced by her being able to see "unconsciously" location, shape and size. | | | Milner and Goodale suggest that the behavioral evidence supports the dorsal stream to be used for location, size, shape and visually guided movements. | | | There is a great deal of behavioral and anatomical evidence that supports this distinction. |
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http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dccrow/gradcore_old/sectionA.html
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| | "Perception Through Action" by Vittorio Gallese, Laila Craighero, Luciano Fadiga and Leonardo Fogassi |
| | Further evidence supporting the notion of the involvement of the dorsal stream in cognitive tasks is provided by an elegant neuropsychological study by Sirigu et al. | | | At this point, however, the question arises whether perception can be limited to the processing going on in the ventral stream, or rather be a more global process that must take into account the relationship existing between individuals and the environment they are continuously interacting with, by means of action. | | | Although Milner and Goodale (1995) acknowledge that the adaptive behaviour of primates, humans included, relies on the integration of both visual streams, it seems to us that the action/perception dichotomy they advocate is perhaps too rigid. |
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http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v5/psyche-5-21-gallese.html
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| | 2350 study guide - chap 4 |
| | The behavioral consequence of damage to areas in the dorsal stream | | | The behavioral consequence of damage to areas in the ventral stream | | | How conscious awareness relates to processing the dorsal and ventral streams |
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http://faculty.uca.edu/~billl/2350/2350guide4.htm
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| | When is movement controlled by the dorsal stream? |
| | While issues relating to space perception and size constancy are the primary justification for this dual-process theory, the philosophical extensions of this approach are less consistent with examination of motor control and in particular motor learning. | | | The important feature here is how the dorsal system is able to benefit from the learning apparently accomplished within the ventral stream. | | | While this position is inherently attractive, due to the demonstrated successes of each philosophy in isolation and congruence with the neurophysiological evidence of Goodale and colleagues (e.g., Milner & Goodale 1992,1995), the weakness lies in its ability to unify the viewpoints in a cohesive manner. |
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http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/09/72/bbs00000972-00/Binsted_and_Carlton_(BBS_2002).htm
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| | CRISP - Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects, Abstract Display |
| | A secondary goal of this project is to examine the relationship between visual pathway dysfunction and social/global outcome deficits in schizophrenia. | | | Human visual processing is conducted through parallel magnocellular and parvocellular pathways, which extend mainly into dorsal stream (parietal lobe) and ventral stream (temporal lobe) regions, respectively. | | | Understanding integrity of visual pathways is crucial to understanding higher level visual dysfunction in schizophrenia. |
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http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/CRISP_LIB.getdoc?textkey=6726594&p_grant_num=1R01MH066374-01A2&p_query=&ticket=6872750&p_audit_session_id=30757880&p_keywords=
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| | Research |
| | In contrast, the transformations carried out by the dorsal stream deal with moment-to-moment information about the location and disposition of objects with respect to the effector being used and thereby mediate the visual control of skilled actions directed at those objects. | | | Evidence from both humans and monkeys has shown that this distinction between vision for perception and vision for action is reflected in the organization of the visual pathways in primate cerebral cortex. | | | Despite the presence of a strong illusion of a protruding convex face, participants in our experiment directed rapid flicking movements of their hand to the correct position of targets affixed to the surface of the hollow mask. |
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http://www.ssc.uwo.ca/psychology/faculty/goodale/research
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| | The Neural Basis of Predicate-Argument Structure |
| | In vision these are the dorsal and ventral pathways. | | | Givon (1995:408-410), in a brief but pioneering discussion, relates the dorsal and ventral visual pathways to linguistic information in a way which is partly similar to my proposed correlation. | | | The literature is centred around discussion of two related distinctions, the distinction between magno and parvo channels from the retina to the primary visual cortex (V1) (Livingstone and Hubel, 1988), and the distinction between dorsal and ventral pathways leading from V1 to further visual cortical areas (Ungerleider and Mishkin (1982), Mishkin et al. |
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http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~jim/newro.htm
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| | 980527-01 - UWO Department of Ophthalmology |
| | Riddoch examined WWI soldiers with gunshot wounds that affected the calcerine cortex (V1) who demonstrated a dissociation of visual perception, such that motion is perceived in a portion of the visual field otherwise blind due to occipital lobe injury. | | | An example is the person who needs a line on her coffee cup to avoid spilling. | | | Thus damage to V1 would give a loss of visual shape and colour perception but may retain part of motion perception, either conscious or unconscious. |
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http://www.uwo.ca/ophthalmol/GR/97-98/980527-01.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | If the distance between the fingers is correct well before they touch the sides of the rectangle, the parietal visual functions can "see" the length and convey the information to planning of hand movements although the child does not have subjective visual experience of the size. | | | Such a child may move without bumping into obstacles, may find his way and grasp objects with hand movements clearly based on visual information, yet he may not be able to recognise forms or name colours. | | | Because of these parallel pathways, the changes in visual functioning can show a great variation and are often difficult to interpret. |
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http://www.lea-test.fi/en/assessme/trans2
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| | Ventral/dorsal, predicate/argument: the transformation from perception to meaning. |
| | Anastasio gives the example of what happens in the ventral stream when someone recognizes an object as satisfying the predicate APPLE, emphasizing that the relevant cortical neurons are not two-state elements, but show graded responses to their inputs. | | | But I do, and it is in fact exactly what Bickerton claims as his own `more plausible (and more parsimonious) scenario', namely that information from the dorsal stream alerts the organism to the fact that something of potential interest or importance is out there. | | | Predicates, as Anderson & Oates understand the term (their `genuinely objective predicates') are shared by all members of a community, whereas prelinguistic categorizations are (or may be) idiosyncratic and subjective, and thus `egocentric'. |
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http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~jim/bbsreply5.html
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| | Visual cortex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The dorsal stream, sometimes called the "Where Pathway" or the "How Pathway", is associated with motion, representation of object locations, and control of the eyes and arms, especially when visual information is used to guide saccades or reaching. | | | The ventral stream, sometimes called the "What Pathway", is associated with form recognition and object representation. | | | This research supported the Two Streams hypothesis, first presented by Ungerleider and Mishkin in 1982. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_cortex
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| | Of Two Minds About Two Visual Systems by Oliver H. Turnbull |
| | The core of their argument was, of course, that visual information arrives in the primary visual areas, and is then parcelled out to two extra-striate regions: an occipito-temporal system concerned with object recognition (the ventral, or 'what' stream) and an occipito-parietal system concerned with spatial abilities (the dorsal, or 'where' stream). | | | Their first, and most elegant, demonstration of this was that DF (a visual agnosic patient) was unable to use information on a visuo-perceptual task: being unable to match the orientation of a card to a slot of variable orientation. | | | Also, if we may speak in information processing terms, this information cannot be 'stored' or 'manipulated', but changes on-line. |
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http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v5/psyche-5-08-turnbull.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Goodale and Milner (1992) have suggested that one way to understand what is happening in these patients is to think about the dorsal stream not as a system for spatial vision per se, but rather as a system for the visual control of skilled action. | | | General: the most interesting thing about this chapter is what is missing from it: any evidence that 'working memory' is a separate system. | | | General: While MRI and PET are useful clinicaly, current cognitive studies are totally irreplicable, and hence useless. |
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http://human-brain.org/mitecs.html
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| | Relationship Between Ventral Stream for Object Vision and Dorsal Stream for Spatial Vision: An (ResearchIndex) |
| | Abstract: : Recent imaging studies indicated the existence of two visual pathways in humans: a ventral stream for object and form vision and a dorsal stream for spatial and motion vision. | | | The present study was motivated by a stimulating question: Supposing shape and motion are processed separately in the two pathways, how do the respective cortical areas respond to the stimuli of "forms defined by motion"? | | | @misc{ study-relationship, author = "Fmri Erp Study", title = "Relationship Between Ventral Stream for Object Vision and Dorsal Stream for Spatial Vision: An", url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/454765.html" } |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/454765.html
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| | autism & dorsal stream Articles - TextMed |
| | Abnormal global processing along the dorsal visual pathway in autism: a possible mechanism for weak visuospatial coherence? |
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http://www.textmed.com/disease/autism-and-dorsal-stream.htm
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| | IngentaConnect Dorsal stream activation during retrieval of object size and shap... |
| | These results demonstrate that both visual-processing streams (i.e., the ventral "what" pathway and the dorsal "where" pathway) are involved in the storage and/or retrieval of knowledge of object appearance but that, just as in vision, these two pathways may play different roles in conceptual processing. | | | Consistent with a domain-specific distributed model of semantic organization, the finding that dorsal stream activity is associated with size and shape retrieval, as compared with color retrieval, may indicate that both size and shape information are learned partly through dorsally mediated processes, such as visually guided grasping. | | | We investigated dorsal visual stream involvement in the retrieval of a variety of visual attributes of common objects, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. |
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http://api.ingentaconnect.com/content/psocpubs/cabn/2003/00000003/00000004/art00005
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| | PSCH 303 Bibliography |
| | First statement of the concept of parallel dorsal and ventral pathways. | | | "pragmatic" analysis as opposed to the "semantic" analysis in the ventral stream. | | | Patient with parietal-occipital damage (dorsal pathway) miscombines colors with |
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http://www.uic.edu/classes/psych/psych303ml/p303bib.html
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| | [No title] |
| | ¨/ Neuropsychology of visual awareness Lecture 8 ¡ 0 0 ( ó R ? ¨ Milner & Goodale: ¡ $ ¨à Ventral stream: object recognition conscious awareness only possible after processing in the ventral pathway Dorsal stream: visuomotor control results of processing in the dorsal stream are not open to conscious awareness. ¡\ Z ] Z Z c Z ] c ó C 2 ¨h What makes the processing in the ventral stream qualitatively different from that in the dorsal stream? |
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http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~psy259/dept/Aware/Lec8_Nov2004web.ppt
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| | Michael Levine |
| | The dorsal stream seems to be concerned with position of objects, probably to provide direct control of visually guided movements within the near space (i.e.: hand-eye coordination). | | | In the future, I hope to extend the psychophysical studies to include the effects of variability (noise) on the processing in the various pathways. | | | The ventral stream seems to be the source of the fine discriminations that enable us to recognize objects; that is, it is the gateway to cognitive awareness. |
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http://tigger.uic.edu/~mikel
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| | PPT Slide |
| | Dorsal stream involved with perception of location, movement, & control of eye and hand movements | | | Group work in class: Give an example of visual stimulus analysis from the dorsal vs. ventral pathway | | | Lesions of ventral stream disrupt visual object perception |
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http://wise.fau.edu/~jtaft/Brains/Ch6/sld018.htm
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| | The Visual Brain |
| | Schneider (1969) continued his experiments on golden hamsters that had the parts of the brain associated with the dorsal stream removed. | | | Each stream has been associated with a particular aspect of vision. | | | Optic ataxia is a disorder of the dorsal stream where people experience difficulty in reaching for objects in a goal oriented task. |
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http://ahsmail.uwaterloo.ca/~kazuj/brain.htm
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| | Visual Cortices |
| | Subjects with hemineglect due to dorsal pathway lesions have problems: | | | Subjects with hemineglect due to dorsal pathway lesions don't have these problems: | | | Role of Dorsal Visual Cortices in Intention of Action |
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http://keck.ucsf.edu/~blondie/PSYCH254/Lecture11/dorsal_eyemovements.html
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| | Consciousness and Neuroscience |
| | This might imply that all activity in the dorsal stream is unconscious. | | | An alternative suggestion, due to Steven Wise (personal communication and Boussaoud et al. | | | The ventral stream, on the other hand, they consider to be largely conscious. |
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http://www.klab.caltech.edu/~koch/crick-koch-cc-97.html
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| | "Ventral" Perception and "Dorsal" Action: Distinct Systems or Just Distinct Methods of Research? |
| | Mon-Williams will discuss recent work on distance perception with patient DF, suggesting that the two system model is very effective in describing task performance in neuropsychological patients. | | | "Ventral" Perception and "Dorsal" Action: Distinct Systems or Just Distinct Methods of Research? | | | Nevertheless, the work also suggests lower level interactions between the streams in patients without neuropsychological deficit. |
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http://pmvish.people.wm.edu/ncm2002.html
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| | Visual Development Unit: publications 1976-2002 |
| | “The developmental course of cortical processing streams in the human infant”. | | | ‘Motion Processing in Autism: Evidence for a Dorsal Stream deficiency.’ Neuroreport 11: 2765-2767 (2000). | | | "Dissociation of ventral and dorsal visual processing in Williams syndrome". |
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http://www.psychol.ucl.ac.uk/vdu/pubs-all.html
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| | Synaptic |
| | This was clear evidence that the first pathway between motor and visual areas was via the dorsal stream of extrastriate visual areas, as loss of these areas would severely limit ability to visually guide movement. | | | This was based on anatomical and behavioural studies. | | | It was suggested that the connections of the dorsal paretial areas to the cerebellum indicated that these areas might be important for the visual control of movement. |
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http://neurosynaptic.blogspot.com
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| | [No title] |
| | In normal subjects, form and contrast perception is performed mostly by the ventral stream. | | | Since this processing is not functional in SB, we wondered what are the spared cerebral structures in SB allowing the perception of forms and contrast. | | | An other explanation is that, as the paradigm was relatively trivial for the Controls, this particular activation in SB’s dorsal stream may be due to attentional processes rather than cerebral plasticity. |
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http://www.neurologie.uni-duesseldorf.de/HBM99/cd/attention/2197.html
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| | ventral |
| | The ventral cortical stream (visual cortex to inferotemporal cortex) is responsible for the ‘what’ perception and a dorsal stream (visual cortex to posterior parietal cortex) responsible for the ‘where’ perceptions. | | | proposed that visual information processing is separated into two streams for analysis. | | | Both streams begin in the primary visual cortex and separate with one stream turning downwards and ending in the cortex of the inferior temporal lobe. |
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http://ahsmail.uwaterloo.ca/kin356/ventral/ventral.htm
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| | The Visual Brain |
| | This left S.B with a visual condition similar to visual agnosia, where visual information is only processed through the dorsal stream. | | | The medical definition of visual agnosia implies that at some point in time the subject lost the ability to see with the ventral stream. | | | S.B.’s visual capabilities have been limited to what is possible when only the dorsal stream is in use. |
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http://ahsmail.uwaterloo.ca/~kazuj/sb.htm
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| | APL: Research Overview |
| | The goal is to investigate the neural basis of hierarchical Bayesian inference along the dorsal visual pathway in the context of the problem of motion velocity tracking. | | | While there have been dramatic advances in computer vision in the areas in motion inference, tracking and structure from motion, the neural algorithms and strategeis for solving these problems are only beginning to be studied. | | | We will develop a neurally realistic computational model based on Bayesian belief recurrent updating that can dynamically track the changing velocity of a sinusoidal grating and random dot patterns over time based on the activities of V1, V2 and MT neurons. |
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http://www.cnbc.cmu.edu/apl/dorsal.html
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| | Two Visual Pathways |
| | The two visual pathways have been found in macaque monkey brain and are most likely present in humans as well (Goodale and Milner 1992). | | | There had been various speculations about what each stream does. | | | Then, in 1992, Goodale and Milner proposed that the ventral stream’s function is visual perception whereas the dorsal stream’s function deals with visually-based motor tasks. |
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http://www.haverford.edu/psych/courses/p217/web/blind/2vispath.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Vision evolved in response to the demands of motor output rather than perceptual experience ¡V T I ; G ª à ¼ ó ¨ Evidence from patients ¡ $ ¨U Damage to dorsal stream: optic ataxia Damage to ventral stream: apperceptive agnosia ó ¨ Optic ataxia ¡ ª ¨n Disorder in visually guided reaching Problem in correctly guiding hand to objects. | | | ¡ ¢ ¢ ó : ) ¨ DF ¡ ¨2 System for visuomotor control (in dorsal stream) is intact, and this is independent from the system for object perception (in ventral stream), which is damaged. | | | Main function of vision is to control navigation, object (predator) avoidance, prey catching. |
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http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~psy259/dept/Aware/Lect7Nov2004web.ppt
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| | Journal of Vision - Motion processing in Williams syndrome: Evidence against a general dorsal stream deficit, by Reiss, ... |
| | One attempt to understand the nature of the WS spatial deficit draws on the distinction between ventral and dorsal visual pathways. | | | These findings argue against characterizing WS as including a general motion processing deficit and are considered in the context of the role of dorsal and ventral processing in WS. | | | Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by profound spatial deficits and relatively spared language skills. |
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http://www.journalofvision.com/3/9/288
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| | IngentaConnect Suppressing Where but Not What: The Effect of Saccades on Dorsal-... |
| | Suppressing Where but Not What: The Effect of Saccades on Dorsal- and Ventral-Stream Visual Processing | | | Because the dorsal stream is instrumental in generating saccades, we propose that cognitive saccadic suppression results from dual-task interference within this visual subsystem. |
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http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/psci/2004/00000015/00000007/art00006
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| | Research |
| | My laboratory is part of the CIHR Group on Perception and Action. | | | The Contribution of the Dorsal Stream To Object Perception. | | | As the group’s name implies our goal is to explore the function of two important cortical areas, the ventral stream which specializes in the perception of visual objects and the dorsal stream which specializes in directing motor actions. |
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http://www.med.uwo.ca/neuroscience/vilis/research.htm
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| | Dorsal root ganglion |
| | These neurons bring sensory information into the brain and spinal cord. | | | In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root ganglion\ is a nodule on a dorsal root that contains cell bodies of afferent spinal nerve neurons. | | | All of the axons in the dorsal root convey somatosensory information. |
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http://www.kiwipedia.com/en/dorsal-root-ganglion.html
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