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 Distal Muscular Dystrophy
The onset of distal MD generally occurs between the ages of 40 and 60, and the primary symptom is weakness in the hands and other affected muscles.
The distal muscles are those of the extremities, (distal meaning farthest from the center) and include muscles in the hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet.
This form of MD is actually a group of autosomal-dominant inherited diseases that have in common their weakening effects on the distal muscles.
http://clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/2100/2107.asp?index=8879   (820 words)

  
 Advances in Distal Radius Fixation
Because the distal radial metaphysis consists of soft spongy bone and often becomes highly comminuted, internal fixation of this part of the human anatomy was difficult if not impossible to perform using conventional techniques.
Consequently, lower standards were applied to the treatment of these injuries as compared to other parts of the body despite the fact that early motion is essential in the rehabilitation of the hand and fracture reduction correlates with the quality of the functional result.
The pegs should be inclined distally in order to provide support primarily underneath the dorsal subchondral bone, a requirement for effective fixation in lieu of osteoporotic changes.
http://www.orthopedictechreview.com/issues/marapr03/pg30.htm   (1765 words)

  
 The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Distal Biceps Rupture
Morrey BF, Askew LJ, An KN, et al: Rupture of the distal tendon of the biceps brachii: a biomechanical study.
Treatment options for distal biceps brachii tendon ruptures include a nonoperative approach and surgical repair (6-8,10,14-21).
Referral for surgical treatment is necessary to preserve elbow flexion and supination strength.
http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/1996/12_96/williams.htm   (1555 words)

  
 The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle
Osteolysis of the distal clavicle is typically associated with AC pain and, on radiographs, a loss of subchondral bone detail, AC separation, and cystic changes (1).
Cahill (2) found 50% of the distal clavicles that he surgically removed for osteolysis had microfractures.
The patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle usually reports a dull ache over the superior aspect of the shoulder.
http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/2000/12_00/stephens.htm   (1706 words)

  
 Mammalian Distal Tubule: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Molecular Anatomy -- Reilly and Ellison 80 (1): 277 -- ...
dehydrogenase colocalizes with the NCC in rat distal tubules.
distal tubule is oriented with the lumen negative with respect
distal tubule may be qualitatively similar to the profile observed
http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/80/1/277   (8839 words)

  
 eMedicine - Radius, Distal Fractures : Article by Browyn Richards, MD
CT and MRI are used to evaluate complex distal radial fractures for the evaluation of associated injuries and for surgical planning.
The pronator quadratus muscle is located across the volar aspect of the distal radius and ulna.
Note that ulnar variance does not depend on the length of the ulnar styloid but on the positioning of the forearm and the radiographic technique (see Image 1).
http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic822.htm   (4376 words)

  
 Contribution of the Distal Lung to the Pathologic and Physiologic Changes in Asthma: Potential Therapeutic Target Roger ...
Contribution of the Distal Lung to the Pathologic and Physiologic Changes in Asthma
the distal lung and the parenchyma in the future treatment of
Contribution of the Distal Lung to the Pathologic and Physiologic Changes in Asthma: Potential Therapeutic Target Roger S. Mitchell Lecture -- Tulic and Hamid 123 (3 Supplement): 348 -- Chest
http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/content/full/123/3_suppl/348S   (3724 words)

  
 Role of endogenous cortisol in basal liquid clearance from distal air spaces in adult guinea-pigs -- Norlin et al. 519 ...
The amiloride-sensitive pathways that may have been affected by this amiloride concentration are the ENaC and the Na exchanger.
This finding suggests that the amiloride-sensitive channels were the pathways primarily affected by metyrapone pretreatment.
We have previously described the surgical procedure and instillation technique for distal air space liquid clearance studies in guinea-pigs (Norlin et al.
http://jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/full/519/1/261   (8139 words)

  
 Magnesium Transport in the Renal Distal Convoluted Tubule -- Dai et al. 81 (1): 51 -- Physiological Reviews
enhanced reabsorption within the distal tubule (252, 298).
limb, no experiments have been directed at the distal tubule (18).
PTH enhances magnesium absorption within the distal tubule.
http://physrev.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/81/1/51   (7938 words)

  
 Muscular dystrophy, distal definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
The second type of distal MD starts after age 40, affects the muscles of the hands and feet and then the muscles closer to the trunk but does not shorten the life span.
Muscular dystrophy, distal: One of two genetic muscle diseases characterized by wasting of the muscles most distant from the midline, such as those of the hands and feet.
Distal MD is also known as distal myopathy and distal hereditary myopathy.
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11685   (236 words)

  
 GATA6 regulates differentiation of distal lung epithelium -- Yang et al. 129 (9): 2233 -- Development
GATA6 may affect all of these processes through stage-specific requirements or by disrupting early lung epithelial differentiation, leading to affects observed later in development.
expressed in distal lung epithelium (Morrisey et al., 1996
analysis showing lamellar body formation, indicate that distal
http://dev.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/129/9/2233   (8267 words)

  
 Segmental Wall Thickening in the Colonic Loop Distal to Colonic Carcinoma at CT: Importance and Histopathologic ...
its thickened distal segment seemed not to be a problem.
During CT interpretation in routine practice, we have encountered
pathologic changes were found at the distal margin of the resected
http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/216/3/712   (4611 words)

  
 Anatomical terms of location - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For example, the hands are at the distal end of the arms, while the shoulders are at the proximal ends.
For example, the top of a dog's paw is its dorsal surface; the underside, either the palmar (on the forelimb) or the plantar (on the hindlimb) surface.
Structures that are close to the center of the body are proximal or central, while ones far removed are distal or peripheral.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distal   (1330 words)

  
 Toxic neuropathies
Onset: Aching pain and Myalgias (proximal and distal)
Lactate level distinguishes between HIV and nucleoside neuropathy: 90% sensitivity; 90% specificity
Normal in patients with HIV-related distal sensory polyneuropathy
http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/nother/toxic.htm   (2168 words)

  
 Expression of 25(OH)D3 24-hydroxylase in distal nephron: coordinate regulation by 1,25(OH)2D3 and cAMP or PTH -- Yang ...
Expression of 25(OH)D3 24-hydroxylase in distal nephron: coordinate regulation by 1,25(OH)2D3 and cAMP or PTH -- Yang et al.
distal nephron under conditions in which it may be maximally induced
mRNA in the distal nephron, we analyzed the time course of 24OHase
http://ajpendo.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/276/4/E793   (6648 words)

  
 MSN Encarta - Dictionary - distal
For example, the elbow is distal to the shoulder.
Click here to search all of MSN Encarta
Search for "distal" in all of MSN Encarta
http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861605431   (65 words)

  
 Developmental functions of the Distal-less/Dlx homeobox genes -- Panganiban and Rubenstein 129 (19): 4371 -- Development
Dll is expressed from distal a2 through the arista.
Dll is expressed in the distal trochanter, weakly in the tibia, and in the tarsal segments.
Distal a3 and the proximal part of the arista are transformed to medial leg structures.
http://dev.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/129/19/4371   (6987 words)

  
 Distal definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
Distal: The more (or most) distant of two (or more) things.
Distal definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
For example, the distal end of the femur (the thigh bone) is the end down by the knee; the end more distant from the torso.
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9252   (294 words)

  
 FGF-10 induces SP-C and Bmp4 and regulates proximal-distal patterning in embryonic tracheal epithelium -- Hyatt et al. ...
to grow in both culture systems and to express the distal epithelial
is expressed in the most distal regions of the epithelium, are
the distal tips, and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), which
http://ajplung.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/287/6/L1116   (344 words)

  
 A Distal Region in the Interferon-{gamma} Gene Is a Site of Epigenetic Remodeling and Transcriptional Regulation by ...
One of over three independent, representative experiments is shown.
our identification of a distal cytokine-regulated site of chromatin
approaches has elucidated the contribution of multiple, distal
http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/279/39/41249   (6130 words)

  
 Hereditary Motor Syndromes
Tendon reflexes: Reduced distally in arms and legs with disease progression
Distal infantile spinal muscular atrophy with diaphragm paralysis (SMARD1)
Progression over 5 years to complete paralysis of all distal muscles of legs
http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/synmot.html   (2873 words)

  
 Immune Neuropathies: Axonal
Types: Crest; Sine scleroderma (Visceral but no skin changes)
Sensory loss (100%): Distal; Symmetric; All modalities except proprioception
Skin changes confined to distal limbs and face
http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/antibody/pnimax.html   (804 words)

  
 MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Distal
Distal refers to sites located away from the center or midline of the body.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002346.htm   (177 words)

  
 Myopathy: Distal Weakness
Inflammation: Perimysial and perivascular cell infiltrates may occur in some muscles
Distal Myopathy with early Respiratory failure (HIBM-ERF; ADMERF)
Weakness may remain distal or involve proximal muscles of arms legs or neck
http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/musdist/distal.html   (760 words)

  
 Distal spinal muscular atrophy, type V - Genetics Home Reference
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for healthcare professionals and researchers.
How do people inherit distal spinal muscular atrophy, type V? This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder.
Cramps in the hand induced by the cold are often the initial symptom.
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/ghr/disease/distalspinalmuscularatrophytypev   (544 words)

  
 DistAl Simulator
Implements the DistAl algorithm as described by Yang, Parekh, and Honavar.
You'd have to define some notion of a center for those attribute values in the cluster, and a thresholds that span the cluster.
The optional attribute-based distance matrix computations that are part of the DistAl training process have not been implemented.
http://sean-janus.optionpc.com/truman/summer-research/software/distal-sim.html   (791 words)

  
 evo8.html
B is a magnified view of a larva similar to (A).
Similarly, Distal-less expression was seen prior to metamorphosis in the ampullae rudiments that grow out from the body of the metamorphosing tunicate.
Antibody to the Distal-less protein recognizes expression in the distal cells of the tube feet (arrows) and spines (arrowheads).
http://zygote.swarthmore.edu/evo8.html   (818 words)

  
 Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology - Part 2 (D-H)
Comment: The same term refers to a pollen class in the system of Fægri and Iversen (1950).
Mycologists use the term for spores formed on the inside of a sporangium.
Comment: This kind of feature is present in certain bryophytes and fungi and may occur on the proximal or distal face.
http://www.bio.uu.nl/~palaeo/glossary/glos-p2.htm   (2003 words)

  
 Impaired trafficking of distal renal tubular acidosis mutants of the human kidney anion exchanger kAE1 -- Quilty et al. ...
Impaired trafficking of distal renal tubular acidosis mutants of the human kidney anion exchanger kAE1
Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is an inherited disease characterized by the failure of the kidneys to appropriately
Impaired trafficking of distal renal tubular acidosis mutants of the human kidney anion exchanger kAE1 -- Quilty et al.
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/282/5/F810   (7270 words)

  
 Dictionary - D
Imaginary points located in the coronary band, on top of the pillars.
aka: Deep flexor tendon, DFT, DDFT, originates at the deep flexor muscle of the leg, and inserts (attaches to) at the semilunar crest of the coffin bone after passing over the fulcrum points formed by the proximal and distal (navicular) sesamoid bones.
It flexes (folds) the leg when the deep flexor muscle contracts.
http://www.horseshoes.com/glossary/d/glsrd.htm   (514 words)

  
 MyoD Distal Regulatory Region Contains an SRF Binding CArG Element Required for MyoD Expression in Skeletal Myoblasts ...
We have used a number of complementary approaches to analyze
Enlarged view of the DRR with the sequence of the identified divergent CArG (MyoD-wtCArG), its position, and flanking sequences.
MyoD Distal Regulatory Region Contains an SRF Binding CArG Element Required for MyoD Expression in Skeletal Myoblasts and during Muscle Regeneration -- L'honore et al.
http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/content/full/14/5/2151   (6907 words)

  
 Multiple Mechanisms Regulate Imprinting of the Mouse Distal Chromosome 7 Gene Cluster -- Caspary et al. 18 (6): 3466 ...
To classify the telomeric genes on distal chromosome 7 with regard to their response to methylation, we analyzed their imprinting
on distal chromosome 7 in mice and humans suggests that clustering
To characterize the imprinted domain at distal chromosome 7, we first constructed a genetic and physical map of the region.
http://mcb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/18/6/3466   (7290 words)

  
 Chromosome 15, Distal Trisomy 15q
The range and severity of symptoms and physical findings may vary from case to case, depending upon the length and location of the duplicated portion of chromosome 15q.
Chromosome 15, Distal Trisomy 15q is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder in which the end (distal) portion of the long arm (q) of the 15th chromosome (15q) appears three times (trisomy) rather than twice in cells of the body.
In most cases, Chromosome 15, Distal Trisomy 15q is due to a chromosomal balanced translocation in one of the parents.
http://my.webmd.com/hw/parenting_and_pregnancy/nord1101.asp   (492 words)

  
 What is a distal?
A distal is a distinction in place deixis that indicates location far from the speaker or other deictic center.
This page is an extract from the LinguaLinks Library, Version 5.0 published on CD-ROM by SIL International, 2003.
http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsADistal.htm   (57 words)

  
 EGF receptor downregulation depends on a trafficking motif in the distal tyrosine kinase domain -- Jones et al. 282 ...
EGF receptor downregulation depends on a trafficking motif in the distal tyrosine kinase domain
This region is located at the distal border of the tyrosine
EGF receptor downregulation depends on a trafficking motif in the distal tyrosine kinase domain -- Jones et al.
http://ajpcell.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/282/3/C420   (7463 words)

  
 Distal Trisomy 10q Families - Trisomy 10
This site provides support for families of children with Distal Trisomy 10q Syndrome.
There are letters from families of children with Distal Trisomy 10q, a description of Distal Trisomy 10q syndrome, links, and papers on Distal Trisomy 10q.
http://home.comcast.net/~daryl59/10q   (48 words)

  
 Distal Sox Binding Elements of the {alpha}B-Crystallin Gene Show Lens Enhancer Activity in Transgenic Mouse Embryos -- ...
B-crystallin promoter in the lens, although they are separated
Distal Sox Binding Elements of the {alpha}B-Crystallin Gene Show Lens Enhancer Activity in Transgenic Mouse Embryos -- Ijichi et al.
http://jb.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/135/3/413   (193 words)

  
 Definition of distal - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
For More Information on "distal" go to Britannica.com
Get the Top 10 Search Results for "distal"
http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=distal   (127 words)

  
 The distal region and receptor tyrosines of the Epo receptor are non-essential for in vivo erythropoiesis -- Zang et ...
The distal region and receptor tyrosines of the Epo receptor are non-essential for in vivo erythropoiesis -- Zang et al.
http://embojournal.npgjournals.com/cgi/reprint/20/12/3156   (20 words)

  
 eRadius - International Distal Radius Fracture Study Group
eRadius - International Distal Radius Fracture Study Group
http://www.eradius.com   (18 words)

  
 Colocalization of cytoplasmic dynein with dynactin and CLIP-170 at microtubule distal ends -- Vaughan et al. 112 (10): ...
Colocalization of cytoplasmic dynein with dynactin and CLIP-170 at microtubule distal ends -- Vaughan et al.
Together, these findings identify a region along the distal segments of
Articles by Vaughan, K. Articles by Vallee, R. Journal of Cell Science, Vol 112, Issue 10 1437-1447, Copyright © 1999 by Company of Biologists
http://jcs.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/112/10/1437   (1769 words)

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