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Topic: Dendritic spine


  
 Dendritic spine - definition of Dendritic spine in Encyclopedia
A dendritic spine is a mushroom-shaped bud that protrudes from a dendrite and forms one half of a synapse, especially in synapses of the cortex.
In particular, long-term memory is mediated in part by the growth of new dendritic spines to reinforce a particular neural pathway.
Most synapses in the human brain involve dendritic spines.
http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Dendritic_spine   (206 words)

  
 Center for Computational Biology
Tarrant, S. and Routtenberg, A., The synaptic spinule in the dendritic spine.
Thus, for a passive spine, the effect of these increases in spine stem resistance is to reduce the EPSP amplitude and area at the spine base, and hence the efficacy of the synapse.
Parameters specifying the morphology of the spine and.
http://cns.montana.edu/research/pub/synamp85   (3148 words)

  
 Age-dependence in the homeostatic upregulation of hippocampal dendritic spine number during blocked synaptic ...
By P20-22 dendritic spines predominated and spine density was about 82% of the adult level.
These findings reveal age-dependent changes in the manifestation of homeostatic control of dendritic spines that could be mediated by maturational changes in mechanisms regulating postsynaptic calcium.
In contrast, spine density decreased along P11-12 dendrites under the nominally zero calcium condition.
http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_15458835.html   (356 words)

  
 Morphological analysis of dendritic spine development in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons.
Morphological analysis of dendritic spine development in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons.
At 1 week in culture, "headless" spines constituted 50% of the spine population and were equal in length to the spines with heads.
Spine density, spine length, and diameters of spine heads and necks were measured.
http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_7823120.html   (310 words)

  
 Biophysical Journal: Calcium Dynamics in Dendritic Spines and Spine Motility
In a simplified model of the spine, its geometry is characterized by the length and diameter of the spine neck and by the radius of the spine head (Fig.
The relation between spine shape and calcium homeostasis is not entirely clear but the rules governing the dynamics of calcium diffusion in the spine have been studied both experimentally and theoretically (Bonhoeffer and Yuste, 2002; Nimchinsky et al., 2002; Shepherd, 1996).
The contraction of the spine head induces a flow field of the cytoplasmic fluid, which in turn pushes the ions, thus speeding up their movement in the spine.
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3938/is_200407/ai_n9429102   (1342 words)

  
 Session Abstract #16
Geometry of the spine is one of the likely candidates to affect electrical or chemical signaling between the spine head and the adjacent dendrite.
A clear difference was found between the long and short spines in latency, magnitude and similarity in the Ca2+response in the parent dendrite in the case of EPSP associated- calcium change.
Dendritic spines of central neurons are believed to play an important role in cell plasticity mechanisms.
http://medic.bgu.ac.il/ispp/session_abstract_16.htm   (358 words)

  
 Dendritic Spine Pathology in Infants With Severe Protein-Calorie Malnutrition -- Benítez-Bribiesca et al. 104 ...
To study the dendritic spine density and morphology in dendrites from cortical neurons in infants dying from severe malnutrition.
The dendritic spine is a dynamic structure, highly responsive to environmental changes.
Segal M Dendritic spines for neuroprotection: a hypothesis.
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/104/2/e21   (3572 words)

  
 Neurabin/Protein Phosphatase-1 Complex Regulates Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis and Maturation -- Terry-Lorenzo et al. ...
Abnormal dendritic spine characteristics in the temporal and visual cortices of patients with fragile-X syndrome: a quantitative examination.
neuronal filopodia and dendritic spines and the maturation of
the motility and morphology of dendritic spines, and increased
http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/content/full/16/5/2349   (7307 words)

  
 Dendritic Spines
As spines are stimulated with for example NMDA, calcium flows into the spine (through the NMDA receptor) and this leads to the slowing of actin cycling.
Dekker-Ohno, K. (1996) Endoplasmic reticulum is missing in dendritic spines of Purkinje cells of the ataxic mutant rat., Brain Res.
Two distinct cytoskeletal zone are present actin is concentrated in the spine its self while microtubules are excluded and present only as bi -polar arrays within the dendritic processes.
http://www.bms.ed.ac.uk/research/others/smaciver/Cyto-Topics/dendritic_spines.htm   (1386 words)

  
 3DMA-neuron
Attached spines are detected as local protrusions of a dendritic surface.
The principal components of the fine structure analysis consist of spine detection, morphological characterization of each spine, and dendritic radius determination.
The dots represent spines associated with the dendrites.
http://www.ams.sunysb.edu/~cweaver/3dma/3dma.html   (1830 words)

  
 Calcium from internal stores modifies dendritic spine shape -- Harris 96 (22): 12213 -- Proceedings of the National ...
Disposition of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in dendritic spines and dendrites of mature rat hippocampal neurons [modified from Spacek and Harris (16)].
spines on dendrites with a lower spine density.
In vivo, SER is in about 50% of dendritic spines (16).
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/96/22/12213   (1740 words)

  
 Estradiol Increases Spine Density and NMDA-Dependent Ca2+ Transients in Spines of CA1 Pyramidal Neurons From ...
dendritic spine density in response to estradiol treatment in
of EST on spine density was observed in apical and basal dendritic
Yuste, R., and Denk, W. Dendritic spines as basic functional units of neuronal integration.
http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/81/3/1404   (4775 words)

  
 Regional Dendritic and Spine Variation in Human Cerebral Cortex: a Quantitative Golgi Study -- Jacobs et al. 11 (6): ...
Jacobs B, Driscoll L, Schall M (1997) Life-span dendritic and spine changes in areas 10 and 18 of human cortex: a quantitative Golgi Study.
Flood DG (1993) Critical issues in the analysis of dendritic extent in aging humans, primates, and rodents.
Regional Dendritic and Spine Variation in Human Cerebral Cortex: a Quantitative Golgi Study
http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/11/6/558   (6948 words)

  
 AMPA-receptor activation regulates the diffusion of a membrane marker in parallel with dendritic spine motility in the ...
In parallel, we have assessed the motility of dendritic spines,
of the actin cytoskeleton (using latrunculin A) on spine motility
Dendritic spines are the site of most excitatory connections
http://jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/abstract/558/2/503   (339 words)

  
 Reduced dendritic spine density on cerebral cortical pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia -- Garey et al. 65 (4): 446 -- ...
The development of dendritic spines in the human visual cortex.
A comparison of dendritic spine number and type on pyramidal neurons of the visual cortex of old adult rats from social or isolated environments.
Decreased numbers of dendritic spines on cortical pyramidal neurons in human chronic alcoholism.
http://www.jnnp.com/cgi/content/full/65/4/446   (5694 words)

  
 Dendritic Spines
*Further information on the subject of dendritic spines may be found in lab publications.
notion is rather scarce, due to the fact that the small size of the spine prevents systematic electrophysiological analysis.
Our studies, therefore, focused on rapid changes in calcium concentration within the spines as a function of synaptic activity.
http://www.weizmann.ac.il/home/bnsegal/spines.html   (376 words)

  
 Dendritic Spine Structural Anomalies in Fragile-X Mental Retardation Syndrome -- Irwin et al. 10 (10): 1038 -- Cerebral ...
spines are the most salient neuropathologies described in association
cortical spine morphology in fragile-X syndrome and in a knockout
Shank Expression Is Sufficient to Induce Functional Dendritic Spine Synapses in Aspiny Neurons
http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/10/10/1038   (5318 words)

  
 Impact of Time-Dependent Changes in Spine Density and Spine Shape on the Input-Output Properties of a Dendritic Branch: ...
spines, the spine density increases both inside and outside
Populations of dendritic spines can change in number and shape
spine densities and the other for calcium-mediated spine-stem
http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/4/2073   (326 words)

  
 Cadherin activity is required for activity-induced spine remodeling -- Okamura et al. 167 (5): 961 -- The Journal of ...
Cadherin activity is required for activity-induced spine remodeling -- Okamura et al.
resulted in the abrogation of the spine expansion.
Cadherin activity is required for activity-induced spine remodeling
http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/abstract/167/5/961   (268 words)

  
 Synapse Web  - Publications:  Review Articles
Harris KM (1999) Structure, development, and plasticity of dendritic spines.
Sorra KE, Fiala JC, Harris KM (1998) Critical assessment of the involvement of perforations, spinules, and spine branching in hippocampal synapse formation.
Lisman J, Harris KM (1993) Quantal analysis and synaptic anatomy - integrating two views of hippocampal plasticity.
http://synapses.mcg.edu/pubs/reviews.htm   (140 words)

  
 Fragile-X Syndrome Linked With Abnormal Dendritic Spine Characteristics Your Neurology Community™
"There seems to be a grossly decreased amount of maturation of brain cell connections in fragile-X syndrome, as evidenced by our findings of increased numbers of immature- looking dendritic spines and a decreased number of mature-looking spines in both the temporal and visual cortical areas," Dr. Irwin said.
We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation
WESTPORT, CT, Feb 19 (Reuters Health) - Patients with fragile-X syndrome exhibit abnormal morphology and number of dendritic spines in the temporal and visual cortical areas, researchers report in the January issue of the American Journal of Medical Genetics.
http://www.neurologychannel.com/NeurologyWorld/02192001_fragile.shtml   (263 words)

  
 Mriganka Sur Lab at MIT Publications and Neuroscience Abstracts
Majewska, A. and Sur, M. Motility of dendritic spines in visual cortex in vivo: changes during the critical period and
Oray, S., Majewska, A. and Sur, M. Dendritic spine dynamics are regulated by monocular deprivation and extracellular matrix degradation.
http://web.mit.edu/msur/www/publications.html   (858 words)

  
 dendritic spine - definition of dendritic spine by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.
dendritic spine - definition of dendritic spine by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.
dendritic spine is not available in the general English dictionary and thesaurus.
This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dendritic+spine   (87 words)

  
 Abi2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Defective Cell Migration, Aberrant Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis, and Deficits in Learning ...
at adherens junctions and dendritic spines, which is critical
Abi2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Defective Cell Migration, Aberrant Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis, and Deficits in Learning and Memory
Abi2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Defective Cell Migration, Aberrant Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis, and Deficits in Learning and Memory -- Grove et al.
http://mcb.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/24/24/10905   (269 words)

  
 ipedia.com: Dendrite Article
In such dendrites the voltage change that results from stimulation at a synapse may extend both towards and away from the soma.
The structure and branching of a neuron's dendrites strongly influences how it integrates the input from many others, particularly those that input only weakly (more at synapse).
In biology, a dendrite is a slender, typically branched projection of a nerve cell, or "neuron," which conducts the electrical stimulation received from other cells to the body or soma of the cell from which it projects.
http://www.ipedia.com/dendrite.html   (278 words)

  
 Synapse
They also provide the means through which the nervous system connects to and controls the other systems of the body.
At a prototypical synapse, such as a dendritic spine, a mushroom-shaped bud projects from each of two cells and the caps of these buds press flat against one another.
The pre-synaptic nerve terminal generally buds from the tip of an axon, while the post-synaptic target surface typically appears on a dendrite, a cell body or another part of a cell.
http://encyclopedia.jigyasa.in/wikipedia/s/sy/synapse.html   (871 words)

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