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| | Comparative Ophthalmology Notes: Chapter 7 - Conjunctiva |
 | | This will concern the client, but is of no clinical significance to the patient. | | | Thin, semitransparent, and colorless (however, in many animals there is normal melanosis, of various degrees - animals with heavily melanotic skin or hair usually have some melanin in conjunctiva - increases with age). | | | Normal conjunctiva heals rapidly following surgery or other injury. |
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http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/courses/vet_eyes/conotes/con_chapter_7.html
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| | The Conjunctiva |
| | Removing the source(s) of irritation and providing artificial lubricating drops may slow down or halt the growth of pterygia; however, sometimes surgical intervention is necessary to prevent a further decrease in vision. | | | A subconjunctival hemorrhage is one of the worst looking things that is harmless and will not affect vision; no treatment is necessary. | | | With corneal involvement, even if arrested surgically, a pterygium can affect vision by warping the surface of the cornea and inducing astigmatism, and/or by actually growing over in front of the pupil and obstructing the entering light. |
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http://www.tedmontgomery.com/the_eye/cnjnctva.html
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| | Oculistica On line -Con Risposte al Pubblico in Diretta |
| | What to do:Instill proparcaine anesthetic drops (Alcaine, Ophthaine) to allow for a more comfortable exam and to help determine if the patient's discomfort is limited to the conjunctiva and cornea or, if there is no pain relief, that the pain comes from deeper eye structures. | | | Symptoms are more often unilateral.The bulbar and tarsal conjunctivae are intensely hyperemic and edematous. | | | It is a fairly common condition and usually causes no danger to the eye or your child's vision. |
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http://crea.html.it/sito/oculistica/4.htm
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| | Methods for non-invasive analyte measurement from the conjunctiva (US20050085701A1) |
| | In one aspect of the invention, an instrument floods the conjunctiva of the subject with electromagnetic radiation in the mid-infrared range and measures analyte concentrations based on mid-infrared radiation reflected back to the instrument. | | | The present invention is related to non-invasive methods and instruments to detect the level of analyte concentrations in the tissue of a subject by measuring electromagnetic radiation signatures from the subject's conjunctiva. | | | Methods for non-invasive analyte measurement from the conjunctiva (US20050085701A1) |
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http://www.delphion.com/details?pn=US25085701A1
(299 words)
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| | Conjunctival impression cytology--a study of normal conjunctiva. Gadkari SS, Adrianwala SD, Prayag AS, Khilnani P, ... |
| | This involved taking a detailed history to rule out redness of the eyes, itching, discharge, sticking of the eyes in the mornings etc. All patients prior to selection for this study were subject to slit lamp biomicroscopy. | | | This was to look for and rule out the presence of papillae, follicles, congestion, cicatrization, etc. Examination of the conjunctiva was also performed with supravital stain Rose Bengal 1% to detect any early changes of kerato-conjunctivitis sicca. | | | Precautions such as preventing rubbing of eyes after instillation, swabbing the tear pool prior to the procedure, and gentle manipulation were taken. |
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http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=1992;volume=38;issue=1;spage=21;epage=3,22A;aulast=Gadkari
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| | eMedicine - Conjunctivitis, Allergic : Article by Parag A Majmudar, MD |
| | AKC may affect eyelid skin and lid margin, conjunctiva, cornea, and lens. | | | In contrast to AKC, the eyelid skin usually is not involved. | | | Although contact lenses (hard and soft) are the most common irritant, ocular prostheses, extruded scleral buckles, and exposed sutures following previous surgical intervention may precipitate GPC. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic85.htm
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| | CRISP - Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects, Abstract Display |
| | Because receptor-mediated responses are atypical in rabbit conjunctiva, assays similar to those in human will be done on murine and porcine tissues to determine the best model for fluid transport in the human conjunctiva. | | | Biochemical, histochemical and functional experiments will be conducted on mice, rat and pig conjunctivae. | | | Abstract: DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We have previously characterized the isolated rabbit conjunctiva as an epithelial model of Na absorption and CI secretion. |
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http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/CRISP_LIB.getdoc?textkey=6814995&p_grant_num=1R01EY015857-01&p_query=&ticket=10987924&p_audit_session_id=50311618&p_keywords=
(382 words)
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| | eMedicine - Conjunctivitis, Neonatal : Article by Feng Zhao, MD, PhD |
| | Pseudomembranes, thickened palpebral conjunctiva, significant peripheral pannus, and/or corneal opacification may be present. | | | In 1881, Crede's method of instilling a drop of 2% silver nitrate into a newborn's eyes was a major advance in preventing neonatal conjunctivitis. | | | Serious systemic complications, such as encephalitis, may occur in these neonates due to their poor immunologic response. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic325.htm
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| | conjunctiva |
| | Anatomically, the eyelids are divided into the skin, a fast-acting and powerful muscle (for rapid blinking), and an inner lining of palpebral conjunctiva. | | | Reflux occurs when a portion of the drug leaks back out through the small incision in the conjunctiva during or immediately following the PJD procedure. | | | ...adverse events in patients treated with Macugen were eye irritation, eye pain, hemorrhage under the outer membrane of the eye (conjunctiva) and blurred vision. |
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http://www.cancer-help.org/cancer/0604/conjunctiva.html
(869 words)
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| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 8, Ch. 95, Conjunctival Disorders |
| | The stage of follicular/papillary hypertrophy and corneal neovascularization may last from several months to > 1 yr, depending on response to therapy. | | | Symptoms are similar to those of acute conjunctivitis but less severe and include conjunctival hyperemia with or without discharge. | | | Chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by an allergy. |
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http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section8/chapter95/95c.htm
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| | USCAP 2002 Annual Meeting |
| | Primary acquired melanosis and melanoma of the conjunctiva: terminology, classification, and biologic behavior. | | | or affecting more than one quadrant of bulbar conjunctiva) | | | Therapeutic outcome of patients suffering from malignant melanomas of the conjunctiva. |
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http://www.uscap.org/site~/91st/optcase04.htm
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| | Dorlands Medical Dictionary |
| | conjunctivitis caused by an organism (Chlamydia trachomatis) of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum-trachoma group; it affects primarily newborn infants, beginning as an acute purulent conjunctivitis that leads to papillary hypertrophy of the palpebral conjunctiva. | | | (kən-junk”tĭ-vo-ri-nos´tə-me) surgical correction of total lacrimal canalicular obstruction: a dacryocystorhinostomy is done by suturing the posterior flaps, and the lacrimal caruncle is dissected out, preserving the conjunctiva. | | | The condition is usually self-limiting, but it may become severe if corneal vascularization and ulceration develop. |
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http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_c_52zPzhtm
(3089 words)
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| | Allergy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The distinctive behavior known as nasal salute, also known as allergy salute, is the habit of wiping of the nose in an upward direction due to itching. | | | Airways: bronchoconstriction, wheezing and dyspnoea, sometimes outright attacks of asthma | | | Eyes: redness and itching of the conjunctiva (allergic conjunctivitis) |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy
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| | Conjunctivitis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Prominent itch and pale watery swelling (edema) of the conjunctiva or eyelids suggests allergy. | | | This is likely to be associated with slit-lamp evidence of anterior uveitis. | | | Examination of the tarsal conjunctiva is usually more diagnostic than the bulbar conjunctiva. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blepharoconjunctivitis
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| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 8, Ch. 95, Conjunctival Disorders |
| | The appearance of the conjunctiva changes in response to various stimuli. | | | Features that distinguish "red eye" disorders, including acute conjunctivitis, acute iritis, acute glaucoma, and episcleritis and scleritis, are shown in Table 95-1. | | | Diffuse hyperemia of both the bulbar and tarsal conjunctivae is typical of conjunctivitis. |
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http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section8/chapter95/95a.jsp
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| | Kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva and CMV-retinitis in AIDS. |
| | If the life-span of AIDS patients lengthens in the future, adequate treatment of the ocular conditions will become increasingly important. | | | Kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva is relatively benign is AIDS and can be treated successfully by surgical excision, radiotherapy, cryotherapy or local injections of cytostatics. | | | The number of AIDS patients is still increasing. |
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http://www.aegis.com/aidsline/1987/sep/M8790077.html
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| | LookSmart - Directory - Disorders of the Conjunctiva and Sclera |
| | Disorders of the Conjunctiva and Sclera - Explore conditions which affect the conjunctiva and sclera of the eye. | | | LookSmart - Directory - Disorders of the Conjunctiva and Sclera | | | Discusses possible causes of this condition and gives advice about treatments your doctor may recommend. |
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http://lsxml.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317837/us317920/us53948/us71238/us10205326
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| | Detection of estrogen-receptors (ERs) in conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and eyelids of healthy volunteers |
| | The immunohistochemistry, therefore, may not be the best method for the localization of epithelial ERs, and further additional localization studies by in-situ-hybridization are recommended. | | | Introduction: Standard therapy of keratoconjunctivitis sicca using artificial tears is unsatisfactory in most cases. | | | A lack of estrogen may play a special role in the pathogenesis and its substitution may be of therapeutic benefit. |
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http://www.dog.org/2000/e-abstract_2000/81.html
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| | Conjunctiva |
| | Conjunctival: Focal nodule(s)of limbal tissue, usually in response to staphylococcal exotoxins, less commonly from TB (Order chest XRay if suspect). | | | Psoriasis: Conjunctiva usualy shows granulated lesions; tx is supportive in conjunction with systemic treatment for psoriasis | | | At the time of examination of a patient with suspected infectious conjunctivitis or keratitis, it is often not known for certain what organism is responsible for the infection. |
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http://www.nova.edu/~kimreed/CONJUNTV.html
(4702 words)
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| | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Definition, Symptoms, and Treatment - Kellogg Eye Center |
| | After the first nine years of life, a child's visual system is usually fully developed and usually cannot be changed. | | | There are many different sources of eye irritation that can cause conjunctivitis. | | | The inflamed conjunctiva will usually make the eye appear red or pink because the tiny blood vessels that are normally within the conjunctiva are now irritated and enlarged. |
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http://www.kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/conjunctivitis.html
(538 words)
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| | Conjunctiva |
| | By careful cutting, the tissue can be surgically removed. | | | A variety of types of organisms may be involved, either as a primary infection, or secondary to physical damage to the conjunctiva. | | | Growths or tumors are not uncommon on the conjunctiva, the most common again being sarcoids but squamous cell carcinomas (cancers) also occur where horses are exposed to bright sunlight, and malignant melanomas in grey horses. |
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http://equineestates.com/library/veterinarian/vc0a2.htm
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| | IngentaConnect Pigmented spindle cell naevus of Reed presenting in the conjuncti... |
| | The features were consistent with those previously recognized in the skin as the PSCN of Reed. | | | Histopathological examination of the lesion following excision and review of the pertinent literature. | | | This study aimed to present the clinical and histopathological features of a pigmented spindle cell naevus (PSCN) appearing in the conjunctiva. |
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http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mksg/aos/2000/00000078/00000001/art00025
(171 words)
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| | Eye Resources on the Internet |
| | Maintained by Ted M. Montgomery, OD, this site includes descriptions, functions, and problems of the major structures of the human eye: conjunctiva, cornea, iris, lens, macula, retina, optic nerve, vitreous, and extraocular muscles. | | | Eyelids and Eyelashes, Conjunctiva and Sclera, Cornea, Uvea, Vitreous and Retina, Optic Nerve and Brain. | | | Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of the Human Eye |
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http://webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu/dept/websites/eyeres.htm
(10142 words)
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| | Eye-Printer Friendly Page |
| | Site of incisions for surgery on anterior eye | | | Develops in eyelid or conjunctiva of AIDS patients | | | 50% of cases involve conjunctiva, but 10 years+ after onset of cutaneous or other mucosal disease |
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http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/eyepf.html
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| | DIAGNOSIS, THERAPY AND PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC CICATRICIAL DISEASE OF THE CONJUNCTIVA |
| | Conclusions: In about 3/4 of the patients with chronic cicatricial disease of the conjunctiva biopsies could be performed. | | | We reviewed the records of patients with chronic cicatricial disease of the conjunctiva to find out, whether there is a difference in prognosis between the different clinical and histopathological subgroups of the disease. | | | Patients: In 29 patients (57 eyes) with an average age of 68 years (52-86) chronic cicatricial disease of the conjunctiva was diagnosed at the slitlamp. |
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http://www.dog.org/1999/e-abstract99/562.html
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| | Hoang-Xuang, Chronic Inflammation of the Conjunctiva - Thieme |
| | As conjunctivitis is one of the most difficult eye disorders to diagnose and treat, Infammatory Diseases of the Conjunctiva is an extremely valuable, problem-solving text for the practicing ophthalmologist. | | | Hoang-Xuang, Chronic Inflammation of the Conjunctiva - Thieme | | | Beginning with a complete description of the functional anatomy and physiology of the conjunctiva, the book goes on to cover the full spectrum of conjunctival inflammatory diseases, including acute and chronic infectious, allergic, auto-immune, iatrogenic, conjunctivitis associated with systemic inflammatory conditions, and others. |
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http://www.thieme.de/detailseiten/3131258713.html
(205 words)
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| | Conjunctiva - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Disorders of the conjunctiva and cornea are a common source of eye complaints. | | | The surface of the eye is exposed to various external influences and is especially suspectible to trauma, infections, and allergic reactions. | | | Fornix conjunctiva - the conjunctiva where the inner part of the eyelids and the eyeball meet |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctiva
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| | Initiation and characterization of keratinocyte cultures from biopsies of normal human conjunctiva. |
| | Initiation and characterization of keratinocyte cultures from biopsies of normal human conjunctiva. | | | The purpose of the present study was to establish and characterize serum-free epithelial cultures of normal human conjunctiva using fresh biopsy tissue. | | | Distribution of keratins 19, 3, and 4 in conjunctival epithelial cultures were also consistent with in vivo patterns and distinctly different from patterns observed in epithelial cultures similarly generated from cornea and foreskin. |
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http://www.pdg.cnb.uam.es/UniPub/iHOP/gp/9395305.html
(189 words)
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| | Encyclopedia - Conjunctiva |
| | Bacteria and virus can inflame the conjunctiva, often leading to a condition called conjunctivitis. | | | Although the conjunctiva is normally a tough, resilient tissue, in cases of ocular trauma, it may be lacerated with sharp or pointed objects such as fingernails, tree branches, or the edge of a piece of paper. | | | The conjunctiva produces mucous, a clear viscous fluid that lubricates the eyeball, as well as produces some tears, which helps keep the eye clean. |
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http://www.visionrx.com/library/enc/enc_conjuctiva.asp
(366 words)
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - conjunctiva |
| | anatomy of conjunctiva, diseases and disorders of conjunctiva | | | Jaundice, yellowing of the skin, conjunctivae, and mucous membranes caused by excessive amounts of bile pigments in blood tissues. | | | Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/conjunctiva.html
(88 words)
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| | Eyelid disorders |
| | Eyelid edema is most often caused by allergic reactions, for example, allergies to eye makeup, eyedrops or other drugs, or plant allergens such as pollen. | | | Entropion is a condition where the eyelid margin (usually the lower one) is turned inward; the eyelashes touch the eye and irritate the cornea. | | | It also can be the result of allergies. |
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http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/eyelid_disorders.jsp
(1519 words)
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| | Eye - Abstract of article: Expression of growth factors in the conjunctiva from patients with active trachoma |
| | Expression of growth factors in the conjunctiva from patients with active trachoma | | | Methods Conjunctival biopsy specimens from six patients with active trachoma, and six control subjects were studied by immunohistochemical techniques using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against CTGF, bFGF, VEGF, CD105, and tenascin. | | | This work was supported in part by the College of Medicine Research Centre, King Saud University. |
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http://www.nature.com/eye/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/6701884a.html
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| | DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,pemphigus vulgaris,varicella,chicken pox,nevus of ... |
| | This healthy 5-year-old boy developed multiple asymptomatic yellow nodules on his chest, abdomen, groin, extremities, face, and conjunctivae. | | | An eye examination demonstrated a solitary lesion on the right bulbar conjunctiva, and this nodule also regressed without treatment. | | | The "conjunctivitis" seen in Kawasaki syndrome is non-purulent, characterized by prominent vascular injection, and predominates on the bulbar conjunctiva. |
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http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/result.cfm?BodySite=-1069376251
(454 words)
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| | THE CONJUNCTIVA |
| | The bulbar and tarsal conjunctiva are continuous, the one reflecting onto the other at the inner margins of the eyelid. | | | The portion on the surface of the eyeball is referred to as the bulbar conjunctiva, while that on the inner surfaces of the eyelids is the tarsal conjunctiva. | | | The conjunctiva grades into the stratified squamous epithelium of the cornea at the corneal margin, and into the stratified squamous epithelium of the integument at the margins of the eyelids. |
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http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/EYE/cnjnctva.htm
(207 words)
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