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| | Notes on the Basal Ganglia |
 | | The putamen is largely associated with movement in general and the caudate nucleus with eye movements and cognitive functions. | | | Because the corticostriatal pathway and the striatopallidal and striatonigral pathways are topographically organized, specific parts of the cortex act on specific parts of the globus pallidus and substantia nigra via the striatum. | | | Major efferents arise in the internal segment of the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata. |
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http://www2.umdnj.edu/~paneuweb/basgang.htm
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| | caudate nucleus |
| | Development of responses of globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus neurons to stimulation of the caudate nucleus and precruciate cortex. | | | Age-related alterations in monoamine release from rat striatum: an in vivo electrochemical study. | | | Biochemical evidence of selective nerve cell changes in the normal ageing human and rat brain. |
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http://www.arclab.org/node_pages/2492.html
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| | Early American Manual Therapy |
| | These may be grouped, for convenience sake, into the median, lateral, ventral and posterior nuclei, the nucleus of the anterior tubercle, the pulvinar, the nucleus habenulae, and the internal and external geniculate bodies. | | | The posterior nucleus lies between the internal and the external geniculate bodies. | | | The fibers from this ganglion pass to the motor nuclei of the cranial and spinal nerves. |
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http://www.meridianinstitute.com/eamt/files/burns3/bur3ch06.html
(6329 words)
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| | CiteULike: Tag caudate |
| | Caudate stimulation and substantia nigra activity in the rat. | | | posted to caudate forwardmodel reinforcement by memphisphil as | | | Reward, motivation, and emotion systems associated with early-stage intense romantic love. |
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http://www.citeulike.org/tag/caudate
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| | Tremor MEDSTUDENTS-NEUROLOGY |
| | There is no medical treatment and stereotatic surgery of the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus is sometimes helpful. | | | Tremor is a rhythmic oscillatory, non-purposeful movement of a body part produced by regular or sequential contractions of opposing muscles. | | | Tremors are characterized by involuntary contractions of muscle groups producing oscillatory movements at one or more joint that can be quantified by the number of movements per second(expressed in Hertz). |
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http://www.medstudents.com.br/neuro/neuro6.htm
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| | ch8 |
| | indirect pathway (in basal ganglia): the pathway that includes the caudate nucleus and putamen, the internal division of the globus pallidus, and the ventral anterior/ventrolateral thalamic nuclei; has an excitatory effect on movement. | | | direct pathway (in basal ganglia): the pathway that includes the caudate nucleus and putamen, the external division of the globus pallidus, the subthalamic nucleus, the internal division of the globus pallidus, and the ventral anterior/ventrolateral thalamic nuclei; has an inhibitory effect on movement. | | | Huntington's disease: a fatal inherited disorder that causes degeneration of the caudate nucleus and putamen; characterized by uncontrollable jerking movements, writhing movements, and dementia. |
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http://www2.truman.edu/shaffer/321ch8_2001.htm
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| | V414input06.html |
| | The mesencephalic tract and nucleus of V (ascending) seem to handle proprioception (feedback from muscles). | | | And we have some pictures to help you form a 3-D concept of the caudate nucleus. | | | The spinal tract and nucleus of V (descending) takes care of pain and temperature. |
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http://www.indiana.edu/~pietsch/v414input06.html
(2491 words)
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| | Memory divided |
| | In other studies, Packard gave the rats memory-boosting injections of glutamate in either the hippocampus or the caudate nucleus early in training. | | | However, said Packard, rats with hippocampal lesions actually perform better than undamaged rats on some habit-learning tasks that use the caudate nucleus. | | | After seven days, the hippocampus-injected and control animals showed place learning, but the caudate-injected rats had already shifted to response learning. |
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http://www.apa.org/monitor/oct04/memory.html
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| | Week 7 Lab... |
| | Remember the relationship of the caudate nucleus with the lateral ventricle, and the relative positions of the caudate and lentiform nuclei and the thalamus. | | | In the antero-inferior part the head of the caudate and the lentiform are fused together. | | | You may also see the anterior commissure, the fornix and the optic chiasm. |
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http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/hb207/02weekpages/wk07/week07_4lab.htm
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| | BBC NEWS Health Scan 'shows if people trust you' |
| | She said the caudate nucleus was certainly an important area of the brain involved in schizophrenia and autism. | | | Lead researcher Dr Read Montague said the latest findings might be important for understanding more general, everyday judgments of trust, as well as conditions such as schizophrenia and autism. | | | Past studies have shown the caudate nucleus is connected to the brain's reward pathways and that it goes into overdrive when a reward is expected. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4397269.stm
(593 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | subthalam Subthalamic nucleus Key: Substantia nigra=pink Subthalamic nucleus=yellow Thalamus and hypothalamus=brown Exercise during laboratory: 1) Figure out the relative locations of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens. | | | To facilitate your understanding of the C-shaped structures, try to follow their course again in the posters or in the atlas. | | | Identify the nucleus accumbens ventral and medial to the caudate nucleus and putamen. |
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http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/medical/neuralsci/2003/lab/Lab11_BasalGanglia/NAlab11_BasalGanglia.doc
(1803 words)
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| | CiteULike: Intracranial self-stimulation in orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus of rhesus monkey: effects of ... |
| | These regions of the brain contain high levels of dopamine, and intracranial self-stimulation was readily elicited from these loci in all animals tested using licking behavior as the operant response. | | | This drug significantly attenuated self-stimulation in the orbitofrontal cortex, while the same treatment tended to facilitate self-stimulation in the caudate. | | | Intracranial self-stimulation in orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus of rhesus monkey: effects of apomorphine, pimozide, and spiroperidol. |
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http://www.citeulike.org/article/90053
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| | Viewer |
| | We examined functional connectivity between caudate nucleus and other brain regions, with specific focus on the frontal lobes. | | | One fMRI study suggests reduced basal ganglia activation in autistic subjects during finger movement (4). | | | Conversely, in autistic patients greater connectivity was observed in several mediofrontal and lateral premotor areas (24, 6). |
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http://www.meetingassistant.com/ohbm/FORMATTED/CategoryAbstracts/1647.html?abstractlist=A21A1647A25A282A277A1282A1034A400A1049A9A615A1739A465A116A117A1072A765A711A230A460A1647A1401A551A1077A1331A22A*&path=anything&abspath=anything
(406 words)
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| | HOPES Glossary, C |
| | caudate nucleus - A brain structure within the basal ganglia; responsible for regulating and organizing information being sent to the frontal lobes from other areas of the brain. | | | Cytokines are signaling chemicals involved in various pathways that contribute to the inflammatory response. | | | The causality of two events describes to what extent one event is caused by the other. |
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http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/sttools/gloss/c.html
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| | Central Nervous System |
| | Anterior Nucleus Of Thalamus, Overall View Of Brain, Afip | | | Good View Of Head Of Caudate And Thalamus | | | Descending Nucleus Of Trigeminal, Spinal Nucleus Of V |
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http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/kw/sol/sss/subj2.html
(754 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | C. Lesions of VL thalamic nucleus reduces contralateral tremor and some contralateral rigidity | | | D. L-dopa treatment isn't as efficient in treating Parkinsonism as a surgical lesion of the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus. | | | Which is an example of the feedback system in the basal ganglia. |
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http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/anderson/mcbasgl.html
(1086 words)
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| | Single unit activity in frontal cortex and caudate nucleus of young and old rats. |
| | Although more brain regions need to be examined in a similar fashion, the consistency of the present results with those previously reported for the brainstem and cerebellum suggests that slower firing rates and longer ISIs are likely to be wide-spread throughout the brains of aged rats. | | | Single unit activity in frontal cortex and caudate nucleus of young and old rats. | | | In aged animals, this increased cell firing in layer V was absent, while mean discharge rates in other laminae remained essentially the same in the young and old rat groups. |
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http://www.arclab.org/medlineupdates/abstract_4058653.html
(282 words)
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| | Exam 2 |
| | putamen and caudate nucleus Which of the following is an efferent pathway from the globus pallidus? | | | Which of the following nuclei have afferent or efferent fibers associated with the cerebellum? | | | C. Medial medullary lamina- fibers that separate the putamen from the globus Pall. |
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http://www.csus.edu/org/nrg/carter/course/bio135/Exams/135examd.htm
(226 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Excessive therapy with dopamine mimetic drugs can release choreiform movements. | | | The caudate nucleus, like the putamen with which it is continuous, is part of the neostriatum. | | | As such its neurons receive from the cortex, thalamus, and substantia nigra. |
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http://www.student.uib.no/~st03006/atlas/materiale/tekst/BASALGANGL.txt
(523 words)
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| | WOBIB: 125 - Hansen, et al. (2002) The caudate nucleus i ... |
| | Our results support hypotheses regarding a malfunction of the cortico-striato-thalamic system in the pathophysiology of OCD and particularly point to the caudate nucleus playing an important role for the therapeutic action of paroxetine in the treatment of OCD. | | | Decrease in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients after treatment with paroxetine. | | | A clinical improvement was indicated by a mean decrease of 55% in the Y-BOCS score. |
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http://hendrix.imm.dtu.dk/services/jerne/brede/WOBIB_125.html
(1099 words)
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| | Moyamoya Disease Case Reports Pediatric Oncall |
| | This hypodensity does not enhance with contrast suggesting that this is an ischemic lesion. | | | is located between the caudate nucleus and the lenticular nucleus. | | | identify the caudate nucleus, the lenticular nucleus, and the thalamus. |
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http://www.pediatriconcall.com/fordoctor/casereports/MoyaMoya.asp
(1689 words)
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| | Gray Matter Structure Shrinks in Brains of MS Patients -- MEDICA Portal |
| | One of the researcher notes: "Our research is the first to show that specific parts of the brain's gray matter undergo atrophy in MS. | | | The caudate nucleus, which plays an important role in cognition, emotions, mood, and motor function, may shrink by nearly 20 percent in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), researchers from have shown. | | | Lower caudate nucleus volume wasn't associated with standard measures of MS physical disability or the clinical course of the disease, characterized by relapsing-remitting symptoms or progressive symptoms, the study showed. |
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http://www.medica.de/cipp/md_medica/custom/pub/content,lang,2/ticket,g_u_e_s_t/oid,9428
(356 words)
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| | BBC - Science & Nature - Human Body and Mind - Root of obsession |
| | The pathway involved in obsessive-compulsive behaviour is a loop involving three anatomical brain regions. | | | Coronal section through a human brain showing the thalamus and caudate nucleus. | | | But in OCD, the caudate nucleus is thought to be damaged, so it cannot suppress signals from the OFC, allowing the thalamus to become over-excited. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/articles/disorders/causesofocd.shtml
(562 words)
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| | Neuroscience-Net-Pharmacology Section |
| | Figure 3: Click here to view larger image. | | | Although the present data do not allow us to determine the degree of intraneuronal colocalization of dopamine receptors and the dopamine transporter, they suggest that the caudate nucleus, putamen, and the nucleus accumbens/olfactory tubercle should be closely examined for such interactions and their relevance to the effects of cocaine. | | | Numbers in both panels correspond to brain regions as follows: 1, anterior caudate nucleus; 2, anterior putamen; 3, nucleus accumbens/olfactory tubercle; 4, substantia nigra/ventral tegmentum; 5, amygdala; 6, hypothalamus; 7, medial thalamus; 8, internal segment of globus pallidus; 9, hippocampus; 10, thalamus; 11, external segment of globus pallidus; 12, claustrum. |
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http://www.neuroscience.com/mjk0696/htm/main.html
(7584 words)
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| | Brain Explorer - caudate nucleus |
| | The caudate nucleus and putamen are functionally and structurally similar and are collectively called the corpus striatum. | | | The caudate nucleus is the primary site of initiation of movement. | | | It is an elongated, arched grey mass consisting of a head, body, and tail. |
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http://www.brainexplorer.org/glossary/caudate_nucleus.shtml
(60 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | The result of this changing geometry cause the included telencephalic structures i.e., ventricles and caudate nucleus to also circumscribe the arching shape. | | | As ventricular development progresses caudally toward the occipital lobe the growth of body of the caudate nucleus in its floor parallels that growth. | | | As the cerebral hemispheres develop they become increasingly complex and circumscribe the shape of a “C”. |
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http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/embryo/dienprog3.htm
(175 words)
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