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 | | Caudal to the focal lesion, white matter degeneration is limited to the descending spinal cord tracts in the ventral funiculi and deep portions of the lateral funiculi. | | | The disparity in diameter of the cranial and caudal orifices of the vertebral foramen was apparent on removal of the spinal cord segments. | | | An impinging vertebral body malformation, usually the craniodorsal aspect of the caudal of the two involved vertebral bodies, may be excised by means of the high speed drill under direct visualization with minimal hazard of inadvertent spinal cord laceration. |
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http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/saortho/chapter_63/63mast.htm
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| | Introduction/Background |
| | Caudal to the vestibulocochlear nerve you may see another light tuft of nerves that are made up of the glossopharyngeal nerve(IX) blending into the more caudal vagus nerve (X). | | | The fused part of the X is the optic chiasm. | | | Just anterior to the interpeduncular cistern, locate the small, but distinct, protuberance lying on the midline; this is the mammillary body, and it marks the caudal limit of the hypothalamus, as seen from the ventral approach. |
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http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/phys675lab/sheep_brain_dissection.htm
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| | Roleof Caudal, Pudendal and Paracervical blocks |
| | Vaginal and perineal pain when lumbar or caudal epidural or spinal analgesia is unavailable, contraindicated or declined. | | | Caudal, Paracervical and Pudendal nerve blocks: Their place in modern obstetric anaesthetic practice. | | | Since it has been shown that pencil point spinal needles have a low incidence of headache (0 to 0.66% with 27G and 25G Whitacre needles) (1, 7) spinal anaesthesia is often more appropriate than lumbar or caudal epidural anaesthesia for rotational forceps, manual removal of placenta and, at times, low forceps delivery. |
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http://www.manbit.com/OA/c2.htm
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| | BioMed Central Full text Prenatal diagnosis of Caudal Regression Syndrome : a case report |
| | SSD and caudal regression syndrome probably represent two faces of a single spectrum of segmental malformations of the spine and spinal cord. | | | Segmental spinal dysgenesis (SSD) is a rare congenital abnormality in which a segment of the spine and spinal cord fails to develop properly. | | | Visualization of the anomalies such as amputation of the spine and the deformities of extremities which were described in this report should not be difficult, particularly with normal amniotic fluid. |
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http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/1/8
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| | [No title] |
| | Because caudal cruciate ligament rupture is usually associated with other ligamentous injuries, the re-establishment of joint stability may require a composite of extra-articular and intra-articular techniques. | | | The cranial cruciate ligament is the primary check against hyperextension of the stifle.( 4) Therefore, as the stifle is hyperextended, the cranial cruciate ligament is the first structure to be subject to injury. | | | This is probably due to the fact that, with the exception of caudal displacement of the tibia, the caudal cruciate ligament is protected from extremes of motion by other joint structures. |
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http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/saortho/chapter_80/80mast.htm
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| | Radiology of the Equine Lungs and Thorax |
| | Radiographic technology commonly available to practitioners can produce diagnostic images of the dorsal thorax including the base of the heart and the caudal dorsal and the caudal ventral thorax; a total of six projections are usually sufficient for a bilateral study. | | | Radiographs of the cranial thorax are not often diagnostic even when using the most sophisticated radiographic equipment and techniques. | | | This pattern could be confused with chronic cavitary lung disease. |
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http://www.ivis.org/special_books/Lekeux/tucker/chapter_frm.asp?LA=1
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| | Caudal Epidural Anaesthesia (page 1) |
| | The sacrum is a triangular bone that consists of the five fused sacral vertebrae (S1- S5). | | | Anaesthesia can be provided for superficial operations such as skin grafting, perineal procedures, and lower limb surgery. | | | When correctly performed there is little danger of either the spinal cord or dura being damaged. |
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http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/wfsa/html/u08/u08_011.htm
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| | Species List for the Dominant Fishes at Gray's Reef |
| | Characteristics: Deep body; prominent preopercular spine; yellow-edged caudal fin; hybrids often have incomplete crown on forehead. | | | Characteristics: Globular body; fleshy tabs on jaw; blotched body with bars on fins; dorsal and opercular spines; wide mouth. | | | Characteristics: Elongated body; large, oblique mouth; dark shoulder spot; bars on upper side of body |
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http://www.graysreef.nos.noaa.gov/fishes.html
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| | The Human Tail, and Other Tales of Evolution by David Menton |
| | The caudal appendage brings this reality to the fore and makes it tangible and inescapable. | | | Also, all true tails have muscles associated with their vertebrae which permit some movement of the tail. | | | In fact, the caudal appendage Ledley described is merely a fatty outgrowth of skin that wasn't located in the right place on the back to be a tail! |
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http://www.gennet.org/facts/metro07.html
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| | Caudal Regression Syndrome,Caudal Dysplasia,Caudal Dysplasia Sequence,Sacral Agenesis, Congenital,Sacral Regression |
| | The 'Syndrome of Caudal Regression' involves in variable proportion anomalies of the anorectum, urinary and genital systems, lumbosacral spine, and lower limbs. | | | Caudal regression is sometimes associated with other congenital anomalies such as spina bifida, meningocele, clubfoot, bladder and/or bowel dysfunction, anal and genital defects, and cleft lip or palate. | | | Caudal Regression Syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal development of the lower spine end of the developing fetus. |
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http://www.icomm.ca/geneinfo/crs.htm
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| | Ceratosauria |
| | There are large postzygopophyses and a moderate sized rectangular neural spine, with ventral margins sloping towards the zygopophyses, especially the postzygopophyses. | | | Diagnosis - (after Carrano et al., 2002) long axis of postorbital slanted anteroventrally/posterodorsally; frontals fused to parietals; quadratojugal fused to quadrate; interdental plates striated medially. | | | (2004) determined the vertebrae were distal caudals, not dorsals as suggested by Huene and Matley (1933). |
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http://students.washington.edu/eoraptor/Ceratosauria.htm
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| | External Livebearer Anatomy Refresher |
| | caudal peduncle - section of body between the vent and the caudal fin. | | | The accompanying illustration should assist in locating many of the various parts (please note that it's of a goldfish which is NOT a livebearer and NOT in the family Pociliidae). | | | In a few cases the definitions may have a slightly different meaning in other groups of fishes. |
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http://www.interaktv.com/fishanat/basic_fish_anatomy.html
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| | Synonyms of caudal |
| | usage: (of quadrupeds) situated in or directed toward the part of the body from which the tail arises; "caudal fins"; "the caudal end of the body" | | | usage: constituting or relating to a tail; "caudal appendage" |
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http://www.infoplease.com/thesaurus/caudal
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| | Continuous caudal anesthesia |
| | Bonica's Principles and Practice of Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia, 1967 | | | Continuous caudal analgesia-anesthesia could be given to control pain during the various stages of labor, delivery, or Caesarean section. | | | An important breakthrough in the management of childbirth pain was the introduction of continuous caudal analgesia in 1942 by W.B. Edwards and R.A. Hingson who taught at Philadelphia General Hospital. |
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http://www.obgyn.upenn.edu/History/caudal.html
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| | Caudal |
| | Inferior to another structure, in the sense of being below it. | | | Caudal is also short for caudal epidural anesthesia. | | | For a more complete listing of terms used in medicine for spatial orientation, please see the entry to " Anatomic Orientation Terms ". |
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http://www.affordablerx.com/healthcare/Caudal
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| | Tyrannosauroidea |
| | Diagnosis- antarticular present; lateral longitudinal ridge present on proximal caudal prezygopophyses; two large fossae on the lateral postacetabular surface; anterior and greater trochanters with minimal separation; accessory trochanter; posterior trochanter present; tibiofibular crest powerfully developed; tibia broader mediolaterally than long anteroposteriorly in proximal view; tibia, fibula, astragalus and calcaneum fused. | | | Comments- This taxon was originally placed in the Avetheropoda by Osmolska (1996). | | | Comments- The sacral vertebrae originally referred to the holotype, and used to suggest the specimen is immature, are actually protostegid dorsal centra (Cope, 1870; Baird, 1978), made the holotype of Pneumatoarthrus pelorus. |
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http://students.washington.edu/eoraptor/Tyrannosauroidea.html
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| | The Bony Fish |
| | Dorsal - top of body - helps keep the body upright. | | | Anal - located just anterior to anus - helps keep the body upright. | | | A row of scales with sensory depressions down each side of the fish. |
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http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/bio/bfish.htm
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| | TheFetus.net - Caudal regression syndrome -Sandra R Silva, MD & Philippe Jeanty, MD, PhD |
| | Associated anomalies: Anomalies of the central nervous, musculoskeletal, genito-urinary, cardiac, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems may be found in association with caudal regression syndrome. | | | TheFetus.net - Caudal regression syndrome -Sandra R Silva, MD & Philippe Jeanty, MD, PhD | | | Caudal dysplasia sequence in Smith’s recognizable patterns of human malformation. |
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http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=94
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| | Livebearers |
| | This fish has a brownish body with a gold hue. | | | There are several blue patches on the body. | | | Sunset Merigold Platy: This Platy has a bright yellow body which darkens from front to back. |
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http://www.aqualink.com/catalogs/xlivebea.html
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| | Damsel Fish Index |
| | This is a very pretty Damsel with a blue-silvery body. | | | The caudal fin is deeply cut into pointed, brown lobes. | | | There is a dark lateral line running along the top of the fish and into the upper lobe of its deeply forked caudal fin. |
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http://www.aqualink.com/catalogs/ydamsel.html
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| | Pollachius virens caudal fin references |
| | Summary: Caudal fin symmetrical, lunate or shallowly forked. | | | 1990 : Reference to family Gadidae: Pages 13 (key) - "Tail fin externally symmetrical or absent" "Tail fin present" Page 14 (key) - "Caudal fin and peduncle various..." Page 18 (text) - "...caudal fin externally symmetrical." Nelson 1994 : Reference to subfamily Gadinae: Page (text) - "...caudal fin truncate or slightly forked..." |
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http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~frf/rfe3ap16.html
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| | INSECT - Online Information article about INSECT |
| | The facial part of the skull is generally much produced, and the premaxillary and nasal bones well developed; but the cheek, or zygomatic arch, is usually slender or deficient, the latter being the case in most of the species, and post-orbital processes of the frontals are found only in the Tupaiidae and Macroscelididae. | | | The number of dorsal vertebrae varies from 1.3 in Tupaia to In in C'entries, of lumbar from 3 in Chrysochloris to 6 in Talpa and Sore.r, and of caudal from | | | There living in a similar manner in the Pyrenees, is much smaller, has a are 7 cervical, 13 dorsal, 6 lumbar, 6 sacral and so-12 caudal verte- cylindrical tail, and a relatively long snout. |
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http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/I27_INV/INSECT.html
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| | Fin Rot Regeneration |
| | Discus was treated for degenerating fins at that time - lesions healed and fish regained health quickly and grew to ~5.5" total length but it never lost the tattered appearance to its fins. | | | caudal fin split to ~1.5cm from caudal peduncle - "forked" | | | Tattered appearance to dorsal, anal, and caudal fins is due to "fin rot" which developed |
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http://article.dphnet.com/cat-02/fin-rot-1.shtml
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| | Mouths & Caudal Fins |
| | The caudal, or tail, fin is responsible for propulsion in most bony fish. | | | Many continuously swimming fish have forked caudal fins. | | | The mouth is an important clue to food source for bony fish. |
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http://www.seaworld.org/aquademics/tetra/scienceworksheet5.htm
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| | VE Glossary |
| | Ectodermal thickening in amniotic sac floor; Forerunner of nervous system (spinal cord and brain) | | | Caudal projection formed by eight or nine coccygeal vertebrae derivatives | | | Ectodermal tube formed by union of two neural folds; Dorsal midline structure induced by notochord that forms brain in cranial region and spinal cord in more caudal regions |
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http://www.visembryo.com/baby/gloss.html
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| | AN ATLAS OF HUMAN EMBRYOGENESIS |
| | Neural tube forming or formed opposite somites, but widely open at rostral and caudal neuropores. |
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http://www.bioscience.org/atlases/fert/htm/develhum/fetdev.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Evolution |
| | In spite of some characteristics that remind one of reptiles–as for instance the twenty homologous caudal vertebr&;, the talons, the separated metacarpal bones and the toothed jaw–yet the true bird nature is evinced by the plumage, the pinions, and the bill. | | | In fact, Archæopteryx is far removed from the reptiles, nor does it constitute any connecting link with the later birds, not even with the toothed Ichthyornis and Hesperonis of the upper Cretaceous era. | | | The first known bird is the famous "bird-reptile" Archæopteryx of the Jurassic strata at Soluhofen. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05655a.htm
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| | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "caudal" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "caudal" |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=caudal
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| | Gadus morhua caudal fin references |
| | Synopsis: Caudal fin distinct, separate from dorsal and anal fins, externally symmetrical, and square cut to slightly indented. | | | 1990 : Reference to family Gadidae: Page 13 (key) - "Tail fin externally symmetrical or absent" "Tail fin present" Page 14 (key) - "Caudal fin and peduncle various..." Page 18 (text) - "...caudal fin externally symmetrical." Nelson 1994 : Reference to subfamily Gadinae: Page (text) - "...caudal fin truncate or slightly forked..." |
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http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~frf/rfe3ac16.html
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| | Cybersurfari Animal Games |
| | Their elongate snouts, flattened from top to bottom, make up 36 to 52 percent of the total length of the adult. | | | Paddlefishes are elongate fishes and are largely scaleless, having only a few scales on the upper lobe of the caudal fin. |
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http://www.cybersurfari.org/modules.php?name=News&new_topic=4
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