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| | The American Journal of Managed Care: COX-2 Inhibitor Use After Vioxx: Careful Balance or End of the Rope? |
 | | For patients who do not require aspirin prophylaxis and are at risk for NSAID-induced gastrointestinal complications (upper right quadrant), a suitable initial approach would be to prescribe either a COX-2 selective inhibitor or a traditional NSAID and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). | | | The cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor was pulled from the market after it was revealed that subjects receiving rofecoxib had roughly twice the rate of myocardial infarction and stroke when compared to the rate in placebo controls. | | | Although tens of millions of Americans were using rofecoxib and the other 2 FDA-approved COX-2 selective inhibitors (celecoxib [Celebrex] and valdecoxib [Bextra]) when the withdrawal was announced, media reports provided little information to assist patients and their clinicians regarding therapeutic options. |
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http://www.ajmc.com/Article.cfm?Menu=1&ID=2754
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| | The Impact Of Drug Coverage On COX-2 Inhibitor Use In Medicare -- Doshi et al., 10.1377/hlthaff.w4.94 -- Health Affairs |
| | B.M. Spiegel et al., “The Cost-Effectiveness of Cyclooxygenase-2 Selective Inhibitors in the Management of Chronic Arthritis,” Annals of Internal Medicine 138, no. 10 (2003): 795–806; and A. Maetzel, M. Krahn, and G. Naglie, “The Cost Effectiveness of Rofecoxib and Celecoxib in Patients with Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis,” Arthritis and Rheumatism 49, no. 3 (2003): 283–292. | | | In sum, while drug coverage is clearly associated with greater use of expensive COX-2 inhibitors, most of the increase in use is among those least in need. | | | Exhibit 2 reports prevalence of COX-2 inhibitor use by GI risk scores as well as by individual risk factors. |
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http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/hlthaff.w4.94v1/DC1
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| | Cox-2 Inhibitors Not Safer for Stomach - Arthritis and arthritic conditions, medications, and treatment on MedicineNet.com |
| | While cox-2 drugs were specifically designed to provide pain relief without the serious gastrointestinal side effects associated with the traditional NSAIDs, "we found no consistent evidence of enhanced safety against gastrointestinal events with any of the new cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors [cox-2 inhibitors], compared with non-selective, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs," the authors concluded. | | | Celebrex is the only cox-2 inhibitor that remains on the market after Vioxx and Bextra were pulled from store shelves within the past year because of concerns over cardiovascular side effects. | | | Another expert thinks this study shows that cox-2 inhibitors increase the danger of GI bleeding and ulcers when used in clinical practice. |
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http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=55531
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| | ScienceDaily: COX-2 Inhibitor Increases The Risk Of Heart Attack In Elderly Adults With No History Of Heart Attack |
| | COX-2 inhibitor -- COX-2 selective inhibitor is a form of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and... | | | New research published in the on-line version of the Annals of Internal Medicine today, documents an increased risk of heart attack with one of the COX-2 inhibitors used in elderly adults with no previous history of heart attack--a group previously considered low-risk. | | | COX-2 inhibitors are commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammation caused by arthritis in the elderly. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/02/050205122443.htm
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| | Health Care Renewal: December 2004 |
| | What has made the current news about the Cox-2 inhibitors so troubling is that the drugs were advertised heavily as generally useful for arthritis, and all sorts of aches and pains. | | | The covering up of unfavorable data on selective serotonin uptake inhibitor (SSRI) anti-depressants was only the latest example of this. | | | In trying to preserve the rights of researchers to present their findings, teachers to teach, and clinicians to talk to their patients, and expose quality problems, we can use all the help we can get. |
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http://hcrenewal.blogspot.com/2004_12_01_hcrenewal_archive.html
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| | HSS - COX-2 Inhibitor Safety: HSS Physicians Reflect on the Recommendations of the FDA Advisory Panel |
| | Detailed presentations were given by FDA reviewers and pharmaceutical manufacturers on the cardiovascular safety of COX-2 inhibitors presently or previously marketed in the U.S.: rofecoxib (Vioxx®), celecoxib (Celebrex®), and valdecoxib (Bextra®); COX-2 inhibitors not presently marketed in the U.S.: etoricoxib (Arcoxia®) and lumiracoxib (Prexige®); and the non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent naproxen (Naprosyn® and Aleve®). | | | 2) Considering potential benefits, as well as risks and their magnitude, celecoxib, valdecoxib, and rofecoxib should be permitted to be marketed for their currently indicated uses. | | | Although the vote was different in the case of each drug, (with celecoxib receiving the most favorable margin), the conclusion was the same for each of the three agents. |
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http://www.hss.edu/Conditions/Arthritis/Cox2-Inhibitor-Safety-Hss
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| | Cox 2 Inhibitor - Compare Prices, Reviews and Buy at NexTag - Price - Review |
| | Selective Cox-2 Inhibitors: Pharmacology, Clinical Effects and Therapeutic Potential | | | Powerful New Minor Pain Relief Clinically Proven Cox-2 Inhibitor Gentle On The Stomach | | | Description:Natural Cox-2 Enzyme Inhibitor Inflameric is an exciting new formulation designed for its use as an effective natural Cox-2 inhibitor and inflammation reducer. |
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http://www.nextag.com/cox-2-inhibitor/search-html
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| | POSTOPERATIVE TOPICAL TREATMENT WITH INHIBITORS OF CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 AFTER CATARACT SURGERY |
| | Recent interest has been focussed on the development of selective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which appears to be the key enzyme in inflammatory prostaglandin synthesis. | | | Materials and Methods: The multi-center, double blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to test the short term efficacy and tolerance of a COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) against a non selective inhibor of COX-I and COX-2 (Flurbiprofen) in 140 (70/70) patients undergoing planned cataract surgery. | | | Discussion: The topical treatment of postoperative or inflammatory conditions with NSAIDS is currently performed with non - selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors. |
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http://www.dog.org/engl/abstract97/K139.html
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| | COX-2 inhibitor, Ibuprofen side effects, and pain management without side effects |
| | These 2nd generation NSAIDs represent a new class of drugs (truly selective COX-2 inhibitors) and are considered a major advance in the management of pain and inflammatory diseases. | | | COX-2 inhibitor, Ibuprofen side effects, and pain management without side effects | | | Preliminary study of the safety and efficacy of SC-58635, a novel cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor: efficacy and safety in two placebo-controlled trials in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, and studies of gastrointestinal and platelet effects. |
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http://www.discount-vitamins-herbs.net/cox-2-inhibitor.htm
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| | Patent 6,426,341 |
| | This invention is also especially directed to methods wherein the ARI, prodrug thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said ARI or said prodrug, and the selective COX-2 inhibitor, prodrug thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said selective COX-2 inhibitor or said prodrug are administered together. | | | This invention is directed to methods, pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said ARI or said prodrug and a selective COX-2 inhibitor, a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said selective COX-2 inhibitor or said prodrug. | | | A pharmaceutical composition comprising an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said ARI or said prodrug; a selective COX-2 inhibitor, a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said selective COX-2 inhibitor or said prodrug; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle or diluent. |
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http://www.pharmcast.com/Patents/Yr2002/July2002/073002/6426341_Diabetics073002.htm
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| | ScienceDaily: Pharmacology |
| | NSAIDs (including COX-2 selective inhibitors), muscle relaxant, neuromuscular drug | | | cytotoxic drug, sex hormones, aromatase inhibitor, somatostatin inhibitor, recombinant interleukins, G-CSF, erythropoietin | | | Anti-glaucoma: adrenergic agonists, beta-blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/hyperosmotics, cholinergics, miotics, parasympathomimetics, prostaglandin agonists/prostaglandin inhibitors. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/pharmacology
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| | PRdomain.com Novartis Prexige is first COX-2 selective inhibitor to significantly reduce gastrointestinal events without compromising cardiovascular safety compared to NSAIDs1,2 |
| | Prexige is the most selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with a non-sulfur containing structure distinct from existing selective COX-2 inhibitors4. | | | Novartis Pharma AG announced today that results from a landmark trial showed that Prexige (lumiracoxib), the structurally distinct and most selective COX-2 inhibitor, demonstrated a significant 79% reduction in the incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer complications without compromising cardiovascular (CV) safety. | | | Prexige has proven efficacy in an extensive phase III clinical trial program demonstrating rapid onset in acute pain with 400mg once daily (od) for short term use5 and efficacy in OA with 100mg od (data on file) and 200mg od6 and rheumatoid arthritis at 200mg od7. |
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http://www.prdomain.com/companies/n/novartis/news_releases/200408aug/pr_novartis_20040819.htm
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| | Cyclooxygenase in biology and disease -- Dubois et al. 12 (12): 1063 -- The FASEB Journal |
| | Yamamoto, T., and Nozaki-Taguchi, N. (1996) Analysis of the effects of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 in spinal nociceptive transmission using indomethacin, a non-selective COX inhibitor, and NS-398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. | | | Spangler, R. (1996) Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 in rheumatic disease: implications for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy. | | | Cyclooxygenase in biology and disease -- Dubois et al. |
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http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/full/12/12/1063
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| | Lung Cancer Online: Treatment Agents & Regimens: Celebrex (celecoxib) |
| | Celecoxib (Celebrex), a selective COX-2 inhibitor, enhances the Response to Preoperative Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Early Stage NSCLC (ASCO 2002) | | | Answers to questions regarding the use of celecoxib (Celebrex), a COX-2 inhibitor, in NIH studies, including those investigating celecoxib for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. | | | Summarizes the findings of a small study that assessed the role of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib as an adjunct to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with resectable NSCLC. |
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http://www.lungcanceronline.org/treatment-agents/C/celebrex.html
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| | British Journal of Pharmacology - Limited anti-inflammatory efficacy of cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibition in carrageenan-airpouch inflammation |
| | In the present study, we used the carrageenan-airpouch model in the rat to investigate the effectiveness of a selective inhibitor of COX-2 (SC-58125) to prevent various components of the inflammatory reaction (leukocyte infiltration, exudate volume). | | | Exudate volume was only reduced with the highly selective COX-2 inhibitor when a dose far above that necessary for suppression of COX-2 activity was used. | | | concentration in the exudate from rats in which saline was injected into the airpouch was 17 |
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http://www.nature.com/bjp/journal/v126/n5/full/0702420a.html
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| | critical care forum Full text Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with etoricoxib elevates blood pressure and alters vascular reactivity |
| | Selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have been shown to be effective anti-inflammatory drugs with reduced gastrointestinal toxicity relative to conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | | | However, given the ability of selective COX-2 inhibitors to suppress vascular prostacyclin synthesis, apart from their deleterious action on renal function, we decided to test the effects of the novel COX-2 inhibitor etoricoxib (ETO) on blood pressure (BP) and vascular reactivity. | | | Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with etoricoxib elevates blood pressure and alters vascular reactivity |
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http://ccforum.com/content/7/S3/P121
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| | Selective Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase-2: A Growing Class of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs -- Mardini and FitzGerald 1 (1): 30 -- Molecular Interventions |
| | McAdam, B.F., Catella-Lawson, F., Mardini, I.A., Kapoor, S., Lawson, J.A., and FitzGerald, G.A. Systemic biosynthesis of prostacyclin by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2: The human pharmacology of a selective inhibitor of COX-2. | | | Anderson, G.D., Hauser, S.D., McGarity, K.L., Bremer, M.E., Isakson, P.C., and Gregory, S.A. Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 reverses inflammation and expression of COX-2 and interleukin 6 in rat adjuvant arthritis. | | | Identification of vascular endothelial genes differentially responsive to fluid mechanical stimuli: Cyclooxygenase-2, manganese superoxide dismutase, and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase are selectively up-regulated by steady laminar shear stress. |
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http://molinterv.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/1/1/30
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| | Meloxicam by drdoc on-line |
| | Meloxicam is variably claimed by Boehringer Ingelheim to be the First Generation of Selective COX 2- Cyclooxygenase Enzyme Inhibitors. | | | My feeling is that Meloxicam has only slightly improved COX 2 Ratios compared to Diclofenac and that its protective factor regarding gastropathy reflects this, but it is by no means a truly COX2 Selective Inhibitor (in my own personal opinion). | | | However it is NOT a specific COX 2 drug and inhibition of COX 1 occurs at its therapeutic concentration - causing the same overall profile of side effects as seen with the other conventional non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). |
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http://www.arthritis.co.za/melox.htm
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| | POSTOPERATIVE TOPICAL TREATMENT WITH INHIBITORS OF CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 AFTER CATARACT SURGERY |
| | Materials and Methods: The multi-center, double blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to test the short term efficacy and tolerance of a COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) against a non selective inhibor of COX-I and COX-2 (Flurbiprofen) in 140 (70/70) patients undergoing planned cataract surgery. | | | Recent interest has been focussed on the development of selective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which appears to be the key enzyme in inflammatory prostaglandin synthesis. | | | Results: Both drugs were well tolerated in the 14 day treatment interval, with a lower incidence of intolerances for meloxicam as compared to flurbiprofen. |
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http://www.dog.org/engl/abstract97/K139.html
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| | Mobic® offers osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis patients alternative treatment option |
| | Mobic® is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, indicated for the symptomatic treatment of painful osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (indications depend on local registrations). | | | Differences in the profiles of meloxicam over other selective COX-2 inhibitors are explained by the fact that meloxicam is structurally different from other COX-2 inhibitors and works by exploiting a greater degree of flexibility at the apex of the COX-2 channel. | | | Mobic® offers osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis patients alternative treatment option |
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http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=14408
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| | AANS.org Library |
| | The radioresistant cells were then exposed to 10G radiation in the presence and absence of a COX-2-selective inhibitor. | | | These results suggest that (i) COX-2 expression may serve as a marker for assessing radioresistance in GBM; (ii) COX-2 inhibition may lower the required doses of postoperative radiation and; (iii) COX-2 inhibitors may have a role in radiosensitizing otherwise radioresistant forms of GBM. | | | COX-2 expression in the radiosensitive (A172) and radioresistant (T98G) Glioblastoma Multiforme cell lines were assayed by immunohistochemistry, and differences in COX-2 expression were measured using digital imaging microscopy. |
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http://www.aans.org/Library/Article.aspx?ArticleId=20554
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| | PATIENT CONTROLLED ANALGESIA |
| | Doctors, however are becoming worried about possible heart attack and stroke for patients using Cox-2 inhibitor drugs, and are advising patients with heart disease not to use drugs such as Celebrex. | | | Patients who are at a high risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, have a history of intolerance to non-selective NSAIDs, or are not doing well on non-selective NSAIDs may be appropriate candidates for Cox-2 selective agents.. | | | Two standard osteoarthritis measures were used to assess patient response: The WOMAC Index, a self-administered patient questionnaire, and the Patient and Investigator Global Assessment of Response to Therapy scale. |
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http://celebrex-n-vioxx-alternatives.com/patient_controlled_analgesia.html
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| | Pharmacology -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | (An anti-inflammatory drug that does not contain steroids) NSAIDs (including (Click link for more info and facts about COX-2 selective inhibitor) COX-2 selective inhibitors), (A drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions) muscle relaxant, neuromuscular drug | | | Diagnostic: (Anesthetic that numbs a local area of the body) topical anesthetics, (Click link for more info and facts about sympathomimetic) sympathomimetics, parasympatholytics, (A drug that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate; used to aid eye examinations) mydriatics, cycloplegics | | | Anti-inflammatory: (An anti-inflammatory drug that does not contain steroids) NSAIDs, (A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex or synthesized; administered as drugs they reduce swelling and decrease the body's immune response) corticosteroids |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/p/ph/pharmacology.htm
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| | Annals - Article |
| | The possibility that celecoxib or other relatively COX-2 selective inhibitors (19) could protect against MI should also be considered only a hypothesis that deserves further study. | | | However, analysis of other prescription analgesics did not demonstrate evidence of recall bias, and the comparisons of COX-2 inhibitors with these prescription analgesics are not likely to be biased by differential recall. | | | We believe that this is unlikely because there is no reason to suspect that participants had different recall or participation on the basis of which COX-2 inhibitor they used. |
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http://www.acponline.org/journals/annals/myo_infar.htm
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