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| | Botulin toxin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Treatment and prevention of chronic headache and chronic musculoskeletal pain are emerging uses for botulinum toxin type A. In addition, there is evidence that Botox® may aid in weight loss by increasing the gastric emptying time. | | | By 1973, Alan B Scott, MD, of Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute used botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in monkey experiments, and, in 1980, he officially used BTX-A for the first time in humans to treat strabismus. | | | Injections of botulinum A toxin for the treatment of anal fissures |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulin_toxin
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| | SHOW 301: Botulin Toxin: Rx For Dystonia |
| | For certain kinds of muscle disorders, botulin toxin is the treatment of choice. | | | In 1968, Schantz suggested using botulin toxin as an alternative to surgery for strabismus, a condition of crossed eyes caused by overactive eye muscles. | | | The manager of an R&B band can no longer control her voice, and finger muscle spasms have effectively ended the professional career of a promising violinist. |
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http://www.pbs.org/safarchive/4_class/45_pguides/pguide_301/4531_botulin.html
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| | Arthroscopic Day Care Surgery An Approach to New Millennium |
| | Dilution of the toxin is very important and has to be done with extreme gentleness as any vigorous movements bring down the potency of the drug. | | | More often than not, to achieve optimum results, this drug is used as an adjuvant to surgical therapy or concomitantly with biological filler substances. | | | The use of Botulinum toxin has become one of the most commonly performed office-based procedures in plastic surgery clinics in recent times. |
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http://www.bhj.org/journal/2003_4502_april/arthro_256.htm
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| | botoxin - Medical Microbiology - Reading assignment |
| | Work with botulinum toxin type A as a therapeutic agent to treat human disease began in the late 1960s through the collaboration of Alan B. Scott, MD, of the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Foundation and Edward J. Schantz, PhD, director of food microbiology and toxicology at the University of Wisconsin. | | | BOTOX® is ineffective in chronic paralytic strabismus except to reduce antagonist contracture in conjunction with surgical repair. | | | In 1998, Allergan exercised its option to acquire the exclusive worldwide rights to US and foreign patents for the use of botulinum toxin type A to treat migraine headaches and filed an investigational new drug application with the FDA for the migraine headache indication for BOTOX®. |
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http://www.panam.edu/faculty/materon/3403/botoxin.html
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| | American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy :: Member Site |
| | Achalasia is a motility disorder of the esophagus whose principal features are a variable loss of esophageal peristalsis and failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), thought to result from a loss of inhibitory nerves and unopposed stimulation of the smooth muscle by acetylcholine and other mediators. | | | Prospective data comparing cost-effectiveness and long-term response with conventional therapy for achalasia are needed. | | | Adverse reactions include diffuse skin rash and transient chest pain or heartburn. |
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http://www.asge.org/nspages/practice/patientcare/technology/98-botulinum.cfm
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| | Shoppers Drug Mart - Health & Wellness |
| | However, botulin can affect all the other nerves of the body, including the nerves of the muscles that operate the lungs. | | | This product requires a prescription and should be administered by a physician skilled in the technique. | | | Botulism is the condition of having been poisoned with botulin toxin. |
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http://www.mediresource.com/sdm/sdm/english/disease_detail.asp?disease_id=21
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| | The Austrian Economy: 1997 and 1998 |
| | Peter Schnider of the Neurological University Clinic at Vienna General Hospital notes that nine out of ten patients receiving this treatment are cured of the problem. | | | A similar approach could be adopted to cure excessive sweating of the palms, says Dr. Schnider, but at present technical obstacles remain to be overcome. | | | This method involves injecting into the patient's skin tiny doses of the strongest known nerve toxin, the botulin toxin that occurs in spoiled canned foodstuffs and can cause food poisoning. |
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http://www.austria.org/sep97/econ/introducing.html
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| | ANA: Simple Techniques Increase Effectiveness of Botulin Toxin in Controlling Upper Limb Spasticity |
| | The investigators concluded that a high-volume dilution of botulinum toxin-A -A or an endplate-targeting technique provide greater neuromuscular block and spasticity reduction than a low-volume dilution in the spastic biceps brachii. | | | Because animal data suggest that high dilution and endplate-targeted injections of botulinum toxin-A increase botulinum-induced muscle paralysis, the researchers hypothesized that these techniques might improve the drug’s effectiveness in controlling muscle spacticity. | | | During the course of the experiment, 160 units of botulinum toxin-A were injected into four sites of biceps brachii in three groups of patients. |
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http://www.pslgroup.com/dg/22066e.htm
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| | SPINAL CORD Journal |
| | Patients with pain due to spasticity, were improved considerably so that they collaborate better in the Occupational therapy department. | | | Achieving the maximum function possible is an unequivocal aim, but are therapists ready to modify their therapeutic approaches in front of these new problems? | | | Botulinum toxin injection improves functional abilities of patients about 67% and improves their collaboration in the OT programs. |
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http://www.iscos.org.uk/abstracts11.html
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| | toxin |
| | botulism: Medicinal Use of Botulin Toxin - Medicinal Use of Botulin Toxin In a technique pioneered by Alan B. Scott, an ophthalmologist, and... | | | Toxoids are protein toxins that have been heated or chemically treated to deprive them of their toxicity but not of the ability to induce the formation of antibodies. | | | Exotoxins have specific reaction sites in the host; e.g., tetanus and botulinum exotoxins affect nerve tissue, and streptococcal toxins attack vascular tissue. |
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http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/sci/A0849190.html
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| | ScienceDaily: Prenatal Exposure To Marine Toxin Causes Lasting Damage |
| | The researchers then conducted a battery of behavioral tests on the exposed and normal animals to determine the effects of early domoic acid on movement and working memory. | | | Botulism -- Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. | | | In severe cases, the toxin leads to neurological damage, characterized by headaches, confusion, coma and even death. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/09/050908084539.htm
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| | Howstuffworks "How does botulism work?" |
| | The can is then heated, and if heated properly the spores die. | | | Botulin invades excitatory nerve cells where they meet with muscle fibers and blocks the junction so no signals can get through. | | | The result is paralysis, and in severe cases it totally immobilizes and can kill the patient. |
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http://science.howstuffworks.com/question214.htm
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| | PROCTOLOGY |
| | While this helps relax the sphincter, it does not dramatically promote healing.In addition, it produces incapacitating headaches in many patients.Therefore, it has not turned out to be the new treatment of choice. | | | Botulinum toxin A (15 U) was used to treat ten patients with chronic | | | Mild faecal incontinence lasting for 1 day was observed in one patient. |
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http://www.sinoemedicalassociation.org/surgery/proctology
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| | Botulin Toxin in the Treatment of Nonrelaxing Puborectalis Syndrome - Karger Publishers |
| | Department of Surgery and Experimental Research, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, and | | | Botulin Toxin in the Treatment of Nonrelaxing Puborectalis Syndrome | | | Botulin Toxin in the Treatment of Nonrelaxing Puborectalis Syndrome - Karger Publishers |
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http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowAbstract&ArtikelNr=18630&ProduktNr=223996&Ausgabe=225606
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| | The Film Mystery by Arthur B. Reeve: XXIII. Botulin Toxin |
| | The idea might also have been to make the death seem natural--due solely to bad food." | | | This was botulin itself, the pure toxin, an alkaloid just like that which is formed in meat and other food products in cases of botulism. | | | Bacillus botulinus produces a toxin that is extremely virulent. |
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http://www.online-literature.com/arthur-reeve/film-mystery/23
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| | Infoplease Search: toxin |
| | (Encyclopedia) Medicinal Use of Botulin Toxin In a technique pioneered by Alan B. Scott, an ophthalmologist, and... | | | (Encyclopedia) toxin-antitoxin, mixture of a poisonous substance, or toxin, with an antitoxin, or antibody, in... | | | Limit search results to: almanacs, encyclopedia, or biographies |
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http://www.infoplease.com/search?fr=iptn&query=Toxin&in=all
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| | Botulism Reference @ NaturalResearch.org (Natural Research) |
| | Botulin is the most potent known toxin, blocking nerve function and leading to respiratory and musculoskeletal paralysis. | | | Foodborne botulism is a form of foodborne illness and is caused by eating foods that contain the botulism toxin. | | | This is because the mixture of the non-acidic digestive juices of an infant, the human body temperature, and an anaerobic environment creates an ideal medium for botulinum spores to grow and produce toxin. |
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http://www.naturalresearch.org/encyclopedia/Botulism
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| | Cosmetic, oncologycal, plastic surgery |
| | Any side effects, which will only ever be local (systemic side effects do not exist at the doses used in therapy), must be treated with palliative therapies. | | | Can treatment with botulin toxin adversely affect the heart or blood pressure? | | | Can you have botulin toxin treatment at any age? |
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http://www.myaestheticsurgery.com/site/botox.asp
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| | Clostridium botulinum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It has other "off-label" medical purposes, such as treating severe facial pain, such as that caused by trigeminal neuralgia. | | | Botulin toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum is often believed to be a potential bioweapon as it is so potent that it takes less that 1 microgram to kill a person. | | | Clostridium botulinum is a bacterium that produces the toxin botulin, the causative agent in botulism. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum
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| | Wikinfo Toxin |
| | The study of toxins and their adverse effects is known as toxicology. | | | The onset of symptoms of poisoning may be rapid and swiftly lead to illness or death. | | | However, a molecular assembler or other new molecule may itself be a toxin, or reasonably defined as one by default under Precautionary Principle. |
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http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Toxic
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| | botulism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | Botulin was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1989 for treatment of blepharospasm (uncontrolled rapid blinking) and strabismus (crossed eyes); it is under study for use in other spasmodic conditions. | | | Botulinus antiserum is given to persons who have been exposed to contaminated food before they develop symptoms of the disease and is given to diagnosed cases of the disease as soon as possible. | | | Injected in tiny amounts into the affected tissue, the botulin blocks the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that controls muscle contraction, and temporarily relieves the spasms. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/bo/botulism.html
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| | ScienCentral Video News: Botox for Cerebral Palsy |
| | Botulinum toxin A temporarily interrupts the communication between the nerve and the muscle. | | | Because the nerves that control movement in someone with cerebral palsy send too many signals to the muscles, DiFazio and his team wondered if botulinum toxin A, more commonly known as the cosmetic treatment Botox, would benefit children with the condition. | | | What botulinum toxin does, after being taken up into the nerve terminal, meaning that area just before it reaches the muscle, is interrupts that flow of acetylcholine. |
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http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?language=english&t...icle&article_id=218392032
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| | Botulism |
| | Foodborne botulism produces symptoms that affect the nervous system (the toxin bonds to nerve endings). | | | Infant botulism differs from foodborne botulism in that the toxin itself is not ingested. | | | Foodborne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. |
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http://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheets/HGIC3680.htm
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| | BIOLOGY 102 Lecture Notes. Bioterrorism |
| | After a brief period of recovery, patients with inhalation anthrax will develop severe respiratory distress. | | | Early symptoms of inhalational anthrax mimic flu and include malaise, fever, cough and chest discomfort. | | | Virulence factors include "lethal toxin", attacks many cells in body, produces serious breathing problems, shock. |
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http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~bi102vc/102f01offline/terry/bioterrorism.html
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| | Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology Case Study: Botulism |
| | Fearing that Sarah suffered from a case of botulism, she asked that Sarah's grandparents be contacted and samples of the Thanksgiving meal retained, if possible, and sent to a local clinic for analysis. | | | Botulism is a form of food poisoning caused by exposure to a toxin called botulin. | | | The botulin toxin binds to the presynaptic membranes at motor end plates and prevents the release of acetylcholine from motor neurons, thereby preventing synaptic transmission and muscle contraction. |
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0070272603/student_view0/chapter8/case_study_one.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Additionally, Staphylococcal Enterotoxin, Tularemia, and Brucellosis are also possibly at least in the BW research phase. | | | Further, there is evidence of Iraqi interest in cluster warheads for delivering Botulin toxin.They do have a number of different weapons capable of delivering CW agents, and theoretically at least, weapons systems that are capable of delivering CW could be made capable of delivering BW. | | | o Insofar as the BW agents of concern, all of the evidence would indicate Anthrax spore and Botulin Toxin. |
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http://www.fas.org/irp/gulf/intel/961031/0me004_90d.txt
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| | Re: regarding botulism bacteria and other heat resistant bacteria |
| | Until a fungus evolves that has a nervous system, they will be > quite safe from botulin toxin. | | | Many > fungi are toxin producers or allegens, and growng large quantities of them > can be hazardous, especially since you have no means of disposing of the > cultures when you are finished with them. | | | > - No, fungi are not affected by botulin toxin as it is a neurotoxin (nerve > poison). |
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http://plant-tc.coafes.umn.edu/listserv/2001/log0102/msg00202.html
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| | Howstuffworks "How Biological and Chemical Warfare Works" |
| | The toxin inhibits the release of the chemicals in nerve cells that cause muscle contractions, so it causes paralysis. | | | Botulin toxin - Botulin bacteria produce the botulin toxin, and this toxin is deadly to people in incredibly small quantities (as little as a billionth of a gram). | | | If the spores or bacteria get into your lungs, they reproduce and create a toxin that can be fatal. |
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http://science.howstuffworks.com/biochem-war4.htm
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| | Sausage Info |
| | Botulism can lead to death without the proper medical treatment. | | | This is probably going to be more than you care to read about botulism but it is a very serious form of poisoning and precautions must be taken to prevent it. | | | The toxin is usually found in contaminated or improperly prepared canned foods. |
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http://www.sausagesource.com/sausage_info.htm
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| | frontline: chasing saddam's weapons: interviews: hans blix PBS |
| | David Kay also talked about this vial of botulinum toxin that was found. | | | I wouldn't like the whole thing to stop at the point where, "Well, it's just impossible, that's where we were, we didn't get any further, but it would have been nice to get to the bottom of the barrel." |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/wmd/interviews/blix.html
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| | Big Fat Deal: Plastic Surgery For Everyone |
| | Because if you eat food containing botulin toxin, you will then die an excruciating and drawn-out death during which you will be very awake and clear-minded about what is happening to you until your heart stops, that's why. | | | You can't get botulism from botox, though, because the toxin dose is way too low (that one high-profile case in Florida involved a doctor injecting a form of botulism toxin that was not botox). | | | Nobody, not even the most stringent critics of plastic surgery, would deny that they’d choose clothes that made them look smarter, fitter or younger, or that they are occasionally seduced by the promises of a face cream that offered smoother, wrinkle-free skin. |
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http://www.mopie.com/blog/2005/02/plastic-surgery-for-everyone.html
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| | HealthScout-Consumer Health News, Information and Resources Updated Daily-Heart-Botox Helps Stroke Patients |
| | But sterile, purified botulin toxin in small doses also blocks the release of acetylcholine, a chemical released by nerve cells that signals muscles to contract. | | | FRIDAY, Oct. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Perhaps best known for its wrinkle-banishing ability, Botox can also help stroke patients with uncontrolled limb movements recover some functioning, according to a new study. | | | Repeated injections of Botox, or botulinum toxin type A, helped stroke survivors regain enough function to perform everyday activities such as dressing themselves without pain, said Dr. Allison Brashear, a professor and chairman of neurology at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, N.C. Text Continues Below |
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http://www.healthscout.com/news/1/528794/main.html
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| | No Compromise Magazine |
| | Ipsen have publicly stated that a proportion of their Botulin Toxin is used in cosmetic procedures. | | | As promised, the paperwork showed that Wickham were testing a substance called Botulin Toxin (BOTOX) for Ipsen Biopharm. | | | He planned a raid on the facility in order to publicly expose Wickham, which ultimately ended in the liberation of 700 mice and substantial paper work. |
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http://www.nocompromise.org/news/050429keithjailed.html
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| | News from the Washington File |
| | When he declared to the inspectors some time ago that he had, for example, 2,000 plus gallons of concentrated anthrax, UNSCOM inspectors estimated he had three to four times the amount that were declared, and no evidence that he destroyed what he claimed to destroy. | | | The focus on nuclear weapons is actually a bit distracting from the fact that he has large quantities of anthrax and botulin toxin and aflatoxin. | | | Transcript: Wolfowitz Says Iraqi Nuclear Debate Distracts from Toxin Issue |
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http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iraq/2002/iraq-021010-usia04.htm
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| | The News Thread » Botox Resources |
| | You can also find additional botox information and resources to help you reduce wrinkles with botox injections and learn about the best botox resources online on the site - The News Thread. | | | Three weeks this usually resolves in At the longest feasible intervals between injections the potential for antibody formation may be minimized by injecting with the lowest effective dose given Quarterly email newsletter yes, i would like to receive the exclusive botox cosmetic Latter case, brow ptosis is likely if botulinum toxin is used in the | | | Read the highly focussed botox resource information found on this page dedicated to tennessee botox. |
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http://thenewsthread.com/category/botox-resources
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| | DESERT STORM BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL TARGET PRIORITIES |
| | ABU GHURAYB BW PLANT 3318N 04412E: FACILITY MAYP RODUCE BOTULIN TOXIN, ONE OF THE MOST DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES KNOWN TOMAN. | | | 1.5.c.) BOTULIN TOXIN DETERIORATES GENERALLY WITHIN AN HOUR IN DAYLIGHT. |
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http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iraq/gulflink/cia/970825/970613_targets_191_txt_0001.html
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