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| | Blastocoel cavity formation by preimplantation rat embryos in the presence of cyanide and other inhibitors of oxidative ... |
 | | The role of oxidative phosphorylation in blastocoel development in rats was determined by culturing morula stage embryos for 24 h in the presence of three inhibitors of ATP generation: cyanide, antimycin-A and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). | | | This pattern of metabolism may be related to the changing maternal environment during development, with blastocoel cavity formation and implantation taking place in increasingly anoxic conditions. | | | These results suggest that, uniquely among preimplantation embryos studied, the developing rat blastocyst does not have an absolute requirement for oxidative phosphorylation but may be able to compensate by increasing the amount of glucose consumed and metabolized by glycolysis. |
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http://www.reproduction-online.org/cgi/content/abstract/101/2/305
(439 words)
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| | Fertilisation and Development of Xenopus Eggs on Sounding Rockets and in a Clinostat |
| | A lower position of the blastocoel floor after clinostatting is in agreement with results from previous experiments by others | | | In situ hybridisation analysis of whole mounts was applied for checking proper gastrulation in µg and in control embryos. | | | Both the MASER 6 and clinostat experiments support the IML-2 results: the cleavage rhythm in Xenopus laevisis not influenced by µg. |
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http://esapub.esrin.esa.it/sp/sp1206/ubbel.htm
(5115 words)
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| | OCM Images |
| | Second, we observed a breakup of the blastocoel near the leading edge of the migrating mesoderm. | | | This movie shows specifically the involuting mesoderm migrating up along the blastocoel roof, i.e., along the inner surface of the ectoderm. | | | There are noticeable dark "pockets" in the migrating mesoderm that seem to be devoid of scattering material, probably regions of blastocoel fluid that have separated the migrating mesoderm from the interior surface of the ectoderm. |
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http://www.physics.hmc.edu/research/OCMmovies/OCMImages.html
(1152 words)
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| | Suflate |
| | If sulfate is not present, it has been observed that an archenteron does not form (Karp and Solursh, 1974). | | | This roughness is akin to velcro's roughness, allowing secondary mesenchyme cells to pull the archenteron up along the blastocoel cavity. | | | The extracellular matrix contains acid mucopolysaccharide, which when bound to sulfate, is rough in appearance (Karp and Solursh, 1974). |
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http://www.swarthmore.edu/NatSci/sgilber1/DB_lab/Urchin/Matthews/sulfate.html
(463 words)
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| | AN ATLAS OF XENOPUS EMBRYOGENESIS |
| | These processes have not yet begun on the ven-tral side. | | | The cells of the deep zone move animal-wards, approaching the blastocoel roof (arrow'). | | | The subepithelial suprablastopor-al cells involute internally and move animal-wards. |
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http://www.bioscience.org/atlases/humembry/clinembr/htm/large15.htm
(114 words)
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| | THE CLASS AS A WHOLE - Online Information article about THE CLASS AS A WHOLE |
| | One view of the origin of the latter (largely based upon observations upon the development of Polygordius) See also: | | | Vezhdovsky has lately seen reasons for regarding the blood system as originating entirely from the hypoblast by the secretion of fluid, the blood, from particular intestinal cells and the consequent formation of spaces through pressure, which become lined with these cells. | | | sees in the blood system a persistent blastocoel. |
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http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/TAV_THE/THE_CLASS_AS_A_WHOLE.html
(4481 words)
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| | Biology 104 Spring 2004 Lectures 2 and 3 |
| | In other words, they can re-form their correct anatomy! | | | Other people (me, for example) think water is pumped into the blastocoel, inflating it. | | | This invagination forms an inside tube, called the archenteron, most of which will later form the digestive tube of the larva (endoderm). |
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http://www.bio.unc.edu/courses/2003spring/biol104/lecture2.html
(1352 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | e m b r y o d e v e l o p s . . . B l a s t u l a i s a h o l l o w b a l l o f c e l l s w i t h a b l a s t o c o e l o r c a v i t y i n i t s c e n t e r . G a s t r u l a t i o n i s a r e a r r a n g e m e n t o f t h e b l a s t o c o e l c e l l s , w h e r e o n e n d f o l d s i n w a r d , a n d c e l l s f i l l t h e b l a s t o c o e l f o rming a three-layered structure: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. | | | Some animals develop directly through transient stages into adults; other animals include a larval stage that undergoes metamorphosis, a resurgence of development that transforms the larva into an adult. | | | The diploid zygote produced by fertilization divides by mitotic divisions, resulting in a ball of cells that usually hollows out to become a blastula. |
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http://www.cbu.edu/~esalgado/BIOL112/Campbell/ch32.doc
(1694 words)
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| | BIOL3530: Developmental Biology, Morphogenesis |
| | This transition is associated with both changes in cell shape and cell movement. | | | Fluid pressure inside the blastocoel is a major force in maintaining a spherical blastula (hydrostatic pressure). | | | Sodium pumps become active on the blastocoel side on the cells (inward flux). |
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http://www.mun.ca/biology/desmid/brian/BIOL3530/DB_Ch08/DBNMorph.html
(1849 words)
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| | Glossary of Cloning Terms |
| | Autoimmune disease or disorder - A category of diseases and disorders in which one's own cells are mistakenly identified as "foreign" by the body and are therefore attacked by the immune system, causing tissue damage. | | | The blastocyst stage follows the morula stage, and can be distinguished by its unique morphology. | | | Blastula - Term (often used in lower vertebrates) to describe an early stage in the development of an embryo consisting of a hollow sphere of cells enclosing a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. |
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http://www4.nationalacademies.org/news.nsf/isbn/s0309076374c?OpenDocument
(4235 words)
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| | Gastrulation in Xenopus: Leading Edge Mesoderm |
| | The scanning electron micrograph shown here illustrates the difference in behavior of the leading edge of the involuting mesodermal material in the Xenopus gastrula. | | | Recent studies, both embryological and those using specific antibodies as perturbing reagents, indicate that the blastocoel roof supports migration of leading edge cells in specific ways. | | | Given that the leading edge cells are migratory, this raises questions about what sort of substratum they use for migration. |
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http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/frogs/gastxen/gastxen_leadedgemeso.html
(117 words)
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| | Case Study: Visualizing Embryos with Easy-Viz |
| | This is a prerequisite for the process of blastocoel formation, which takes place at day 5-6 post fertilisation. | | | However, in some porcine embryos, several blastocoel cavities develop simultaneously and therefore morphological evaluation of such an embryo becomes more difficult. | | | In this case study, you will use Easy-Viz to render and analyze a digitized image of embryo cells, with the goal of being able to evaluate the stage of an individual embryo in the dataset. |
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http://www.morehead.unc.edu/revitalise/feb/embryosEV.html
(460 words)
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| | MORPHOLOGY AND CLEAVAGE DURING EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF SEA URCHINS |
| | This process is called gastrulation, and the invaginated cavity is called the archenteron. | | | During formation of the invagination and before the development of the larval shape, the embryo is called a gastrula. | | | The locations of the cleavage furrows are somehow programmed into the structure of the egg, perhaps through structural properties of the centrioles and cytoskeleton. |
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http://www.rhodes.edu/biology/stinemetz/seaurchin.htm
(1324 words)
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| | Invertebrate Classification and Relationships |
| | Among deuterostomes, on the other hand, the coelom typically forms through evagination of the archenteron into the blastocoel of the embryo. | | | Coelom formation by enterocoely, in which the archenteron evaginates into the embryonic blastocoel | | | Males and females differ as to the final outcome of meiosis – 4 sperm produced versus one egg and two polar bodies. |
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http://bama.ua.edu/~clydeard/bsc376/lecture3.htm
(918 words)
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| | Gastrulation II |
| | The principle of moving surface cells into the interior to form new layers is the same, however the method by which this is achieved is different. | | | This page discusses the gastrulation of mesolecithal embryos, using amphibians as an example. | | | Cells at the margin of the germ ring, well below the equator of the blastula, change shape so that the surface layer turns inward and then begins to migrate anteriorly along the roof of the blastocoel. |
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http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/210labs/gastrulation2.html
(641 words)
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| | Feb 17 Lecture Outline |
| | Have Na ATPase on the membrane pumping Na into the blastocoel, water follows and accumulates within the blastocoel. | | | Trophoblast cells: become the chorion of the placenta and are necessary for successful implantation. | | | When the blastocoel is created, the epiblast (creates all parts of the embryo, including the amnion and allantois) and hypoblast layers (which form the yolk sac) are formed. |
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http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/linden/bio220/feb17.html
(655 words)
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| | The Combined Graduate Program in Developmental Genetics |
| | Our laboratory uses the model organism C. elegans to investigate the basic cellular mechanisms of gastrulation. | | | We are focusing on several questions related to these movements: How do early embryonic cells acquire polarity such that proteins needed for blastocoel formation and ingression become properly localized? | | | When PAR-3 is removed from the embryo at this stage, cells develop defects in their pattern of adhesion to one another. |
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http://www.med.nyu.edu/sackler/dgp/faculty/nance.html
(501 words)
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| | Gastrulation I |
| | During microlecithal gastrulation, a blastula with a relatively large blastocoel is usually formed. | | | As a result, there is plenty of space to move some of the surface cells to the inside to form new layers. | | | This is first seen as the starfish embryo becomes flattened at the vegetal pole (the initial migration and differentiation of cells), which will then invaginate within the blastocoel. |
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http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/210labs/gastrulation1.html
(516 words)
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| | ECM 18 |
| | During gastrulation signal is detected underlying both the ectoderm and the invaginating endoderm. | | | In an attempt to understand the cause of the delayed onset in accumulation of ECM 18 protein, the association of ECM 18 mRNA with polysomes was examined. | | | No consistent immunolabaling was found within the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells, within the apical lamina of the embryo, or surrounding the cell bodies of the primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs)(Berg et al., 1996). |
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http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/genomics/mirror/urchin/u1ecmv.htm
(553 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | One can therefore postulate that one of the functions of the blastocoel may be to restrict the interaction between future endodermal and future ectodermal cells (although they are "allowed" to interact at the ring surrounding the edges of the blastocoel). | | | This necessity becomes pretty apparent when you consider the morphogenetic movements of the cells indicated by the fate maps (i.e. | | | Observe and draw each phase and label them. |
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http://www.csc.edu/mathsci/akrejci/BIOL432-532/frog2.htm
(1693 words)
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| | Chapter 51: Development |
| | There is so much yolk that endoderm formation does not occur by invagination. | | | Gastrulation is invagination of some cells into blastocoel to form three primary germ layers. | | | Frog blastocoel is formed at animal pole only. |
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http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/apbio51.html
(2495 words)
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| | Knights of Arcadia & Fancy Lads Forums - View Profile: Blastocoel |
| | This site is in no way associated with or endorsed by Blizzard Entertainment®. | | | Blastocoel is not a member of any public groups | | | Knights of Arcadia & Fancy Lads Forums - View Profile: Blastocoel |
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http://www.knightsofarcadia.com/forums/member.php?userid=1318
(92 words)
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| | Xenopus Development |
| | Eventually, the embryo develops a fluid-filled cavity, called the blastocoel. | | | Some of the ectodermal cells are in the interior, closer to the blastocoel than the external surface - some are closer to the external surface than the blastocoel. | | | Consider the cells of the ectoderm - note that some of them are exposed to the outside of the embryo, others are exposed to the blastocoel fluids. |
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http://www.park.edu/bhoffman/courses/bi417/recap/xenopusi.htm
(751 words)
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| | HpOtx |
| | During gastrulation, HpOtxL transcripts were exclusively expressed within the ectoderm; appreciable levels of HpOtxL expression were not detected in the invaginating archenteron or in the mesenchyme cells located in the blastocoel. | | | Primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) that had ingressed into the blastocoel did not express detectable levels of HpOtxE mRNA. | | | Thereafter, hybridization signals were observed at the vegetal plate cells including precursors of secondary mesenchyme cells and endoderm, though PMCs in the blastocoel became negative. |
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http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/genomics/mirror/Urchin/u1otxl.htm
(871 words)
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| | Mammalian embryogenesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Some hypoblast cells migrate along the inner cytotrophoblast lining of the blastocoel, secreting an extracellular matrix along the way. | | | This is lined by the amnionic membrane, with cells that come from the epiblast (called amnioblasts). | | | These hypoblast cells and extracellular matrix are called Heuser's membrane (or exocoelomic membrane), and the blastocoel is now called the primary yolk sac (or exocoelomic cavity). |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian_embryogenesis
(657 words)
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| | Gastrulation in C. elegans |
| | The blastocoel space forms when specific surfaces of cells separate from one another in the interior of the embryo. | | | The blastocoel forms when basal surfaces of cells separate from one another while lateral surfaces remain adherent (Figure 1C,D; Nance and Priess, 2002). | | | Cells in par-3 mutant embryos develop spaces between their lateral surfaces similar to those found between basal surfaces in wild-type embryos (Nance and Priess, 2002). |
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http://dev.wormbook.org/chapters/www_gastrulation/gastrulation.html
(4293 words)
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| | Chapter26notes |
| | blastocoel, develops within cell mass; now called blastula stage. | | | D. Cell death—programmed cell death contributes to the development of form and function in the animal | | | pole end of the blastocoel using such adhesion molecules). |
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http://www.bio.utk.edu/weinstein/101rw/Chapters/Chapter26notes.htm
(1112 words)
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| | Lecture 15: Development, Coelom Formation |
| | Animals with a body cavity are divided into two large groups depending on how the body cavity is formed, pseudocoelomates and coelomates | | | Most deuterostomes form their coelom via enterocoelous development | | | In both schizocoelous and enterocoelous development the coelom enlarges to obliterate the blastocoel |
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http://www.humboldt.edu/~zool110/Lectures/Lecture15.htm
(822 words)
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| | amphibianintro.html |
| | You canít see the blastocoel from the outside, but it has formed by this stage. | | | Note the blastocoel.You may be able to distinguish dorsal from ventral because thereís less pigment on the dorsal side. | | | Also, the blastocoel is closer to the dorsal surface, so the embryo wall is thinner there. |
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http://www.colorado.edu/MCDB/MCDB4660/lab6.html
(627 words)
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| | Nance Lab |
| | We are interested in understanding 1) how the blastocoel cavity forms, 2) how ingression movement occur, 3) how ingressions are triggered and patterned, and 4) how early embryonic cells acquire an apicobasal polarity that is important for blastocoel formation and ingression. | | | elegans gastrulation involves the ingression of cells into a small blastocoel cavity in the interior of the embryo. |
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http://saturn.med.nyu.edu/research/dg/nancelab
(125 words)
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| | Sea Star Embryology |
| | During the late blastula stage a few cells on one side of the developing embryo begin to push into the blastocoel (8). | | | Compare the size of the blastula to the original zygote. | | | The blastula (7) begins to take on the appearance of a ball. |
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http://www.jburroughs.org/science/resources/SeaStarembryology/starfishembryology.html
(382 words)
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| | Animal Science 434 |
| | Na/K pumps move Na out of the blastocoel. | | | maternal gene expression is crucial to expansion of the blastocoel. |
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http://www.wisc.edu/ansci_repro/exam/old/lec_exam_3_99.html
(926 words)
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| | SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - Embryogenesis |
| | In mammals blastulation leads to the formation of the blastocyst, which must not be confused with the blastula, even though being similar in structure their cells have different fates. | | | Blastulation begins after the cleavage has produced 128 cells, in this stage the embryo is called a blastula. | | | The blastula is usually a spherical layer of cells (the blastoderm) surrounding a fluid-filled or yolk-filled cavity (the blastocoel). |
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http://www.singaporemoms.com/parenting/Embryogenesis
(510 words)
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| | Research Draft |
| | The inner cell mass is a group of approximately 30 cells at one end of the blastocoel (NIH). | | | Growing adult and embryonic stem cells in the laboratory, or any other tyoe of cell, is known as cell culture (NIH). | | | “The embryos from which human embryonic stem cells are derived are typically four or five days old and are a hollow microscopic ball of cells called the blastocyst (NIH).” The blastocyst is made up of three structures: the trophoblast, blastocoel, and the inner cell mass (NIH). |
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http://mason.gmu.edu/~klawren1/English302/ResearchPaper/researchdraft.html
(697 words)
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| | Sea Urchin Gastrulation |
| | They then change their shape and start to ingress into the blastocoel cavity. | | | The PMCs migrate along the fibers in the blastocoel cavity and then settle down in two clusters near the vegetal plate. | | | The primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) lose their adhesions to their neighboring cells and to the hyaline layer. |
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http://www.luc.edu/depts/biology/dev/urchgast.htm
(116 words)
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| | Main Cleavage Patterns |
| | The filopodia connect to the other side of the blastocoel wall (at a very specific spot (they try again and again to find the right spot before attaching)), then shorten, pulling in the archenteron like tow cables. | | | The other cells stay where they are because they like the outside and hate the inside. | | | Secondary mesenchyme cells forming at tip of archenteron extend thin cytoplasmic projections (filopodia) through the blastocoel. |
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http://acad.udallas.edu/biology/Nika/developmental/DB08earlyseaurchindev.html
(827 words)
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| | Untitled Document |
| | filopodial connections form between archenteron and other side of blastocoel h. | | | contraction of filopodia drags archenteron to blastocoel wall i. |
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http://www.und.nodak.edu/instruct/agerber/outline47.html
(313 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | • Blastocoel, together with waxy outer covering (cuticle) and well-developed longitudinal muscles à thrashing motility | | | • Bulk of blastocoel occupied by reproductive structure | | | Ovary, oviduct and uterus continuous tube of increasing diameter, used in production, transport of eggs respectively |
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http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~eeob/eeob405/02/labnotesexample.html
(201 words)
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