|
| |
| | Postgraduate Medicine: Autoimmune hepatitis |
 | | In this article, Dr Luxon provides a roadmap through the maze of antibodies that are involved in autoimmune hepatitis and discusses current treatment options and evaluation of response to medical therapy. | | | Its sensitivity for probable or definite autoimmune hepatitis ranges from 97% to 100%, and its specificity for excluding autoimmune hepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis C is 66% to 92% (4). | | | Type 3 autoimmune hepatitis is characterized by antibodies to soluble liver antigen (discussed later) or liver-pancreas antigen and has a bimodal age distribution similar to that of type 1 disease. |
|
http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2003/07_03/3luxon.htm
(2960 words)
|
|
| |
| | Autoimmune Hepatitis |
| | This procedure is an effective form of therapy for patients with decompensated cirrhosis caused by autoimmune hepatitis. | | | Autoimmune hepatitis is now accepted as a chronic disease of unknown cause, characterized by continuing hepatocellular inflammation and necrosis, which tends to progress to cirrhosis. | | | Autoimmune hepatitis has been considered a disease occurring predominantly in young women, but up to one third of the patients are men, and the disease can develop in all age groups. |
|
http://www.janis7hepc.com/autoimmune_hepatitis.htm
(9780 words)
|
|
| |
| | Autoimmune Hepatitis |
| | The treatment of autoimmune hepatitis is aimed at curbing the autoimmune response, and therefore the damage to liver cells. | | | When autoimmune hepatitis progresses to severe cirrhosis, there may be jaundice (yellow coloring to the skin and eyes), marked swelling of the abdomen from fluid inside the abdomen, intestinal bleeding, or mental confusion. | | | Autoimmune hepatitis is not caused by a virus or bacteria, so it is not a contagious disease. |
|
http://www.gicare.com/pated/ecdlv33.htm
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Autoimmune Hepatitis |
| | Epidemiologic research will help doctors understand what triggers autoimmune hepatitis in some people. | | | Your doctor should also review and rule out all your medicines before diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis. | | | Another medicine, azathioprine (Imuran) is also used to treat autoimmune hepatitis. |
|
http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/autoimmunehep
(1260 words)
|
|
| |
| | Autoimmune Hepatitis |
| | Although the disease is chronic, many patients with autoimmune hepatitis present acutely ill with jaundice, fever and sometimes symptoms of severe hepatic dysfunction, a picture that resembles acute hepatitis. | | | Although the term "lupoid" hepatitis was originally used to describe this disease, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus do not have an increased incidence of autoimmune hepatitis and the two diseases are distint entities. | | | Autoimmune hepatitis should be suspected in any young patient with hepatitis, especially those without risk factors for alcoholic, drug, metabolic or viral etiologies. |
|
http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/gi/autoimmune.html
(548 words)
|
|
| |
| | eMedicine - Hepatitis, Viral : Article by David C Wolf, MD, FACP, FACG |
| | HCV RNA testing also helps to (1) confirm false-positive cases, such as autoimmune hepatitis; (2) assess the HCV genotype and viral load; (3) predict the response to interferon therapy; (4) guide the duration and dose of interferon therapy; and (5) assess the likelihood of relapse following a response to interferon therapy. | | | Fulminant hepatic failure may occur in as many as 1% of cases of acute hepatitis due to hepatitis A or B. Hepatitis E is a common cause in Asia. | | | Hepatitis A virus (HAV); hepatitis B virus (HBV); hepatitis C virus (HCV); hepatitis D virus (HDV), which requires coexisting HBV infection; and hepatitis E virus (HEV) cause 95% of cases of acute viral hepatitis observed in the United States. |
|
http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic3180.htm
(10938 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatitis |
| | Severe autoimmune hepatitis is a life-threatening condition and requires intensive therapy. | | | Although chronic hepatitis is generally the more serious condition, patients having either condition can experience varying degrees of severity. | | | Hepatitis is a disorder in which viruses or other mechanisms produce inflammation in liver cells, resulting in their injury or destruction. |
|
http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc59.html
(12624 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatitis |
| | Autoimmune hepatitis may be found in association with other autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and Sjogrens syndrome. | | | Hepatitis C is spread in much the same way as hepatitis B; compared to hepatitis B, it is more likely to be spread by exposure to blood or infected needles and less commonly spread through sexual relations or from mother to baby. | | | Hepatitis E is spread in a similar fashion to hepatitis A and is found primarily in Asia, Africa, and South America. |
|
http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/hep.html
(1197 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatitis E in Developed Countries |
| | Routine testing for HEV infection in patients with acute hepatitis in The Netherlands should be considered before a diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is reached and steroid therapy is initiated. | | | They also suggest that there should be routine hepatitis E testing in patients with acute hepatitis before a diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is reached and steroid therapy started. | | | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis in poor countries, often presenting as large outbreaks of hepatitis in which fecally contaminated water is usually implicated. |
|
http://www.natap.org/2003/feb/020403_1.htm
(1334 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatitis B Virus |
| | The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborn infants, but the injections have caused some serious side effects, including chronic fatigue syndrome, seizures, such autoimmune diseases as arthritis and lupus, plus neurological dysfunctions. | | | The hepatitis B antibody (also known as the B surface antigen and the hepatitis B surface antigen) is known to cover most of the B subtypes as well. | | | Hepatitis B (HBV) is a double-stranded DNA virus, originally called the "Dane particle." The disease it caused had various names, including serum hepatitis, homologous serum jaundice, and long incubation period hepatitis. |
|
http://www.innvista.com/HEALTH/MICROBES/viruses/hepatb.htm
(1216 words)
|
|
| |
| | eMedicine - Hepatitis, Viral : Article by David C Wolf, MD, FACP, FACG |
| | HCV RNA testing also helps to (1) confirm false-positive cases, such as autoimmune hepatitis; (2) assess the HCV genotype and viral load; (3) predict the response to interferon therapy; (4) guide the duration and dose of interferon therapy; and (5) assess the likelihood of relapse following a response to interferon therapy. | | | Approximately 90-95% of cases of acute hepatitis B in neonates, 5% of cases of acute hepatitis B in adults, and as many as 85% of cases of acute hepatitis C demonstrate histologic evolution to chronic hepatitis. | | | Hepatitis A virus (HAV); hepatitis B virus (HBV); hepatitis C virus (HCV); hepatitis D virus (HDV), which requires coexisting HBV infection; and hepatitis E virus (HEV) cause 95% of cases of acute viral hepatitis observed in the United States. |
|
http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3180.htm
(10938 words)
|
|
| |
| | Your Online Hepatitis C Encyclopedia |
| | Hepatitis Central, Latent autoimmune hepatitis triggered during interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C | | | Hepatitis Central, table 3, Prospective Study of Interferon Therapy for Compensated Cirrhotic | | | Hepatitis Central, New Warnings Placed On Rebetron Hepatitis Therapy |
|
http://www.hepatitis-central.com/sitemap.htm
(10938 words)
|
|
| |
| | Life With an Autoimmune Disease |
| | Shomon reels off a list of possible suspects in the more common autoimmune ailments: hair dye and certain drugs for lupus, silica exposure for scleroderma; gluten for diabetes; mycoplasmas for rheumatoid arthritis; measles virus for Epstein-Barr; coxsackie virus for diabetes; smoking for thyroid, lupus, and arthritis; hepatitis B infection for multiple sclerosis. | | | Your first symptoms of an autoimmune disease may be general, such as fatigue, low-grade fever, and difficulty concentrating, making autoimmune diseases difficult to diagnose at first. | | | If you have general, lingering symptoms, you may be suffering from an autoimmune disease-- which means your immune system is attacking healthy tissue. |
|
http://www.webmd.com/content/article/76/90216.htm
(590 words)
|
|
| |
| | AllRefer Health - Chronic Persistent Hepatitis (Chronic Lobular Hepatitis, Hepatitis - Persistent, Mild Chronic Hepatitis, Persistent Hepatitis) |
| | Chronic persistent hepatitis can be caused by hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis D (HDV), autoimmune diseases such as lupus, various medications, and unknown (cryptogenic) causes. | | | Risk factors include previous viral hepatitis, having lupus or other autoimmune disease, and taking certain medications. | | | You are here : AllRefer.com > Health > Diseases and Conditions > Chronic Persistent Hepatitis |
|
http://health.allrefer.com/health/chronic-persistent-hepatitis-info.html
(337 words)
|
|
| |
| | Autoimmune hepatitis and its variant syndromes -- BEN-ARI and CZAJA 49 (4): 589 -- Gut |
| | Seropositivity for smooth muscle antibodies (SMA), antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and/or antibodies to liver/kidney microsome type 1 (anti-LKM1), abnormal serum gamma globulin (GG) or immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, interface hepatitis on histological examination, and/or an aggregate score of at least 10 by the modified system of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group support the diagnosis of AIH. | | | Major antigen of liver kidney microsomal autoantibodies in idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis is cytochrome P450db1. | | | Immunological cross-reactivity to multiple autoantigens in patients with liver kidney microsomal type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. |
|
http://gut.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/49/4/589
(5254 words)
|
|
| |
| | WHO Hepatitis C |
| | Hepatitis C may be associated with autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome and sialadenitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, polyarteritis nodosa, porphyria cutanea tarda, and a variant of autoimmune hepatitis associated with the presence of anti-kidney and liver microsomal autoantibodies. | | | An important late complication of hepatitis C is primary HCC, usually occurring in patients with cirrhosis. | | | The course of acute hepatitis C is variable, although elevations in serum ALT levels, often in a fluctuating pattern, are its most characteristic feature. |
|
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/whocdscsrlyo2003/en/index3.html
(4710 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatotoxicity |
| | This test aids in the differential diagnosis of hepatotoxicity and is specifically indicated to rule out autoimmune liver conditions, unknown origin/non-specific autoimmune or autoimmune caused by Hepatitis C. Conditions Assessed | | | Conditions that may be assessed include liver toxicity, autoimmune liver disease, and Hepatitis C. Logical Sequence of Testing | | | If antibodies to Cytochrome P-450 and/or Hepatitis C are present it may be indicative of an auto-immune process occurring. |
|
http://www.biodia.com/test375.html
(233 words)
|
|
| |
| | autoimmune hepatitis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Literature |
| | Burgart LJ, Batts KP, Ludwig J, Nikias GA, Czaja AJ 1995 Recent-onset autoimmune hepatitis. | | | Heffron TG, Smallwood GA, Oakley B, Pillen T, Welch D, Connor K, Martinez E, Romero R, Stieber AC 2003 Adult and pediatric liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis. | | | Agarwal K, Czaja AJ, Jones DE, Donaldson PT 2000 Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. |
|
http://www.psc-literature.org/autoih.htm
(233 words)
|
|
| |
| | Vol.3 No. 4: Chronic Sequelae of Foodborne Disease |
| | Chronic sequelae of hepatitis A virus infections are rare and poorly defined; however, several recent studies suggest that hepatitis A virus infection triggers the onset of (idiopathic) autoimmune chronic active hepatitis within a genetically predisposed subgroup. | | | Although it is accepted that superantigens have a role in autoimmune disorders, the acceptance is based on extensive animal model studies ( 6, 18-24) but limited human clinical studies. | | | Alternatively, the chronic sequelae may be unrelated to the acute illness and may occur even if the immune system successfully eliminates the primary infection; therefore, activation of the immune system may initiate the chronic condition as a result of an autoimmune response ( 2-4). |
|
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol3no4/lindsay.htm
(233 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hepatitis - Medical Encyclopedia |
| | It can be caused by a number of different etiologies: some of these are drug, alcohol, or toxin-induced hepatitis, autoimmune disease, cholestasis, and viral hepatitis. | | | Hepatitis A (which is often a milder form of this disease), is frequently transmitted by contaminated food, a route called fecal-oral contamination. | | | The commonest forms of viral hepatitis are known as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C; all three of these are caused by viruses that can be transmitted sexually, by blood transfusion, or by shared syringes (see needle-exchange programme). |
|
http://www.nursingstudy.com/encyclopedia/Hepatitis.html
(212 words)
|
|
| |
| | Viral Hepatitis - Hepatitis C health and medical information produced by doctors |
| | Household or family contacts of infected individuals are at risk for developing hepatitis A. Hepatitis A is an acute illness that never develops into a chronic form of liver infection. | | | Many illnesses and conditions can cause liver inflammation, such as viral infections, bacterial infections, drugs, alcohol, chemicals, and autoimmune diseases. | | | There are also viral hepatitis types D, E, F (not confirmed), and G. The most significant of these at present seem to be type D (the delta agent), which only causes disease in the presence of the hepatitis B virus and type E. |
|
http://www.medicinenet.com/viral_hepatitis/article.htm
(926 words)
|
|
| |
| | Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Literature and PSC Partners Seeking a Cure Foundation |
| | Our literature surveys have also included articles on primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), autoimmune cholangitis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). | | | Because PSC and PBC are thought to be autoimmune diseases our literature surveys have also considered other autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid diseases, Celiac disease, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, and type I diabetes. | | | This site provides a compilation of www resources and scientific literature on primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by periductal inflammation of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. |
|
http://www.psc-literature.org
(724 words)
|
|
| |
| | s000517c - Hepatitis C and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia |
| | Hepatitis C virus is both a hepatotropic and a lymphotropic virus; due to this latter biological: peculiarity, HCV may trigger a constellation of autoimmune-lymphoproliferative disorders. | | | Hepatitis C viral infection is associated with fibrillary glomerulonephritis and immunotactoid glomerulopathy. | | | It is concluded that the occurrence of cutaneous vasculitis and: lichen ruber planus in chronic hepatitis C patients is unlikely to be due to HCV replication in the skin. |
|
http://www.emory.edu/WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/s000517c.html
(6619 words)
|
|
| |
| | Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians -- Giannini et al. 172 (3): 367 -- Canadian Medical Association Journal |
| | Patients with acute viral or ischemic or toxic liver injury reach the highest aminotransferase levels, but there is a broad overlap in aminotransferase values between patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis as well as between patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. | | | Ratio of serum aspartate to alanine aminotransferase in chronic hepatitis. | | | Validity and clinical utility of the aspartate aminotransferase-alanine aminotransferase ratio in assessing disease severity and prognosis in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease. |
|
http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/172/3/367
(6619 words)
|
|
| |
| | ARUP: Liver-Kidney Microsome Antibody, IgG |
| | In 1973, liver-kidney microsomal (LKM) antibodies were first identified in a subgroup of patients with idiopathic autoimmune chronic hepatitis. | | | This assay should be used to test patients with suspected autoimmune disorders with liver involvement. | | | Characterization of anti-liver-kidney microsome antibody (anti-LKM1) from hepatitis C virus-positive and negative sera. |
|
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_a54b.jsp
(573 words)
|
|
|
