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Topic: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Ads by Google      The health and psychological consequences of cannabis use: chapter 7 Expert views on the nature of dependence changed during the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the more liberal definition of drug dependence embodied in Edwards and Gross's (1976) alcohol dependence syndrome was extended to all psychoactive drugs (Edwards et al, 1981). The drug dependence syndrome reduced the emphasis upon tolerance and withdrawal, and attached greater importance to symptoms of a compulsion to use, a narrowing of the drug using repertoire, rapid reinstatement of dependence after abstinence, and the high salience of drug use in the user's life. Although he argued that there was good evidence of tolerance and a withdrawal syndrome, there was insufficient evidence bearing on the criteria of compulsion, narrowing of repertoire, reinstatement after abstinence, use to relieve or prevent withdrawal symptoms and salience of cannabis use. http://www.taima.org/au2/ch7.htm   (20062 words)      ALZHEIMNER’S Based upon the clinical features, this patient most likely has alcohol-induced damage even though no statement is made to suggest "chronic alcoholism." Initially, he is "delirious" and "tremulous" and this suggest major alcoholic withdrawal syndrome which occurs after abrupt cessation of alcohol. The increased muscle tone, hyperreflexia and positive Babinski sign indicate upper motor neuron (UMN) damage (lateral corticospinal tract). He can not remember any of three unrelated objects at 10 minutes. http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/vignette.htm   (20062 words)      Dorlands Medical Dictionary DSM-IV includes specific withdrawal syndromes for alcohol; amphetamines or similarly acting sympathomimetics; cocaine; nicotine; opioids; and sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics. Called also withdrawal, withdrawal symptoms or syndrome, and abstinence symptoms or syndrome. British biochemist; co-winner, with Francis H.C. Crick and James D. Watson, of the Nobel prize for medicine or physiology in 1962 for the discovery of the molecular structure of nuclear acids and its significance for information transfer in living material. http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_w_02zPzhtm   (3691 words)      Study Guide #2 -- Social Problems addiction, alcoholic, amotivational syndrome, craving, drug, drug abuse, drug addiction, drug dependence, fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal narcotic syndrome, hyperkinesis, medical addiction, medicalization of human problems, methadone maintenance, moral entrepreneur, psychological dependence, skid row, withdrawal To become more aware of the historical use of drugs in human societies around the globe. http://home.earthlink.net/~clevy/lbccguide2.html   (405 words)      Better Sex..References Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Suppression by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid of ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. Kleimenova NN; Ostrovskaya RU; Arefolov VA. Effect of sodium hydroxybutyrate on the ultrastructure of the cross-striated muscle tissue myocytes during physical exercise. http://www.kirlian.org/life_enhancement_products/bstcreferences.html   (405 words)      THE MERCK MANUAL--SECOND HOME EDITION, Specific Types of Dysfunction in Ch. 82, Brain Dysfunction Korsakoff's syndrome may be permanent if it follows severe or repeated episodes of encephalopathy or of severe symptoms after alcohol withdrawal (delirium tremens). Prompt treatment with thiamin also prevents Korsakoff's syndrome, which develops if treatment is delayed. The syndrome is a combination of two disorders: an acute confusional state (Wernicke's encephalopathy) and an amnesia (Korsakoff's syndrome). http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec06/ch082/ch082c.html   (1764 words)      Withdrawal syndromes Withdrawal syndrome occurs in drug and alcohol addicted individuals who discontinue or reduce the use of their drug of choice. Sedatives used to treat anxiety, epilepsy, and alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can be treated at home or in a hospital or treatment setting. http://www.lifesteps.com/gm/Atoz/ency/withdrawal_syndromes_pr.jsp   (1531 words)      Practice Guidelines,PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL: JAMA 1997 Quantification of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in 487 alcoholic patients. In one case report, the diagnosis of withdrawal delirium was significantly delayed in a patient who presented with marked confusion because the patient had earlier been placed on a regimen of propranolol and thus demonstrated none of the autonomic hyperactivity classically associated with alcohol withdrawal delirium. In patients with acute concomitant medical or psychiatric illness, or concurrent withdrawal from other drugs, these scales should be used with caution because they rate signs and symptoms which may be caused by the other condition and not by the alcohol withdrawal. http://www.asam.org/publ/withdrawal.htm   (6961 words)      Withdrawal Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can occur to an alchoholic (one who is addicted to alcohol) in r... Withdrawal When an alcohol, or most behavioral addictions). Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex The Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) is an involuntary, defe... http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/withdrawal.html   (6961 words)      Encyclopedia: Alcoholism There are several distinct but not mutually exclusive clinical alcohol withdrawal syndromes caused by alcohol withdrawal: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can occur to an alcoholic (one who is addicted to alcohol) in reaction to the discontinued use of alcohol. After detoxification, various forms of group therapy or psychotherapy can be used to deal with underlying psychological issues leading to alcohol dependence. Rational Recovery (RR) is a source of counseling, guidance, and direct instruction on self-recovery from addiction to alcohol and other drugs through planned, permanent abstinence designed as an alternative to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and 12 step programs. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/alcoholism   (4306 words)      eMedicine - Withdrawal Syndromes : Article by Ashok Jain, MD, MPH, ABMT Withdrawal symptoms appear within 6-12 hours after individuals cease or decrease alcohol intake and are usually relieved by consuming additional alcohol. The half-life of the opioid causing withdrawal syndrome determines the onset and duration of symptoms. Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal syndrome is characterized by pronounced psychomotor and autonomic dysfunctions. http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic643.htm   (8216 words)      IngentaConnect Oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine in the treatment of alcohol wi... Therefore, oxcarbazepine might be an interesting alternative to carbamazepine, and having almost no addictive potential, no clinically relevant interaction with alcohol and no prominent sedatory effect, possibly also to other drugs such as benzodiazepines or clomethiazole, in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. In a single-blinded and randomized pilot study efficacy and tolerability of oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine were investigated in 29 patients during therapy of alcohol withdrawal. The oxcarbazepine group showed a significant decrease of withdrawal symptoms and reported significantly less ‘craving for alcohol' compared to the carbamazepine group. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/cadb/2005/00000010/00000003/art00009   (218 words)      BehaveNet® Clinical Capsule™: Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder Note: This diagnosis should be made instead of a diagnosis of Substance Intoxication or Substance Withdrawal only when the anxiety symptoms are in excess of those usually associated with the intoxication or withdrawal syndrome and when the anxiety symptoms are sufficiently severe to warrant independent clinical attention. With Onset During Withdrawal: if criteria are met for Withdrawal from the substance and the symptoms develop during, or shortly after, a withdrawal syndrome With Onset During Intoxication: if the criteria are met for Intoxication with the substance and the symptoms develop during the intoxication syndrome http://www.behavenet.com/capsules/disorders/s-ianxdis.htm   (319 words)      Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome -- familydoctor.org Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that people have when they suddenly stop drinking after using alcohol for a long period of time. This is especially true for people who have had a bad withdrawal before and people who have other health problems, such as infections, heart disease, lung disease or a history of seizures. Withdrawal symptoms rarely occur in people who only drink once in a while. http://familydoctor.org/handouts/007.html   (508 words)      Public Policy Statements 1986-1990 Physical dependence on alcohol or other drugs at the time of delivery may lead to an alcohol or drug withdrawal syndrome in the newborn infant, as well as to a postpartum withdrawal syndrome in the mother. These services should recognize the role of the parent's alcohol/drug dependence in the development of the child's problem, and provide for reinterpretation of their childhood experiences within a framework of the disease concept of alcoholism and drug dependence. Alcoholism and other drug dependencies (addictive disorders) are primary, chronic, and often progressive diseases that affect almost every aspect of health. http://www.asam.org/ppol/pubpol2.htm   (9052 words)      Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment Manual Assessment and Identification Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) in the Acute Care Setting. We also invite you to download the AWS Type Indicator, a validated diagnostic scale for tracking alcohol withdrawal sysmptoms. " thank all the nurses, clinical nurse specialists, counselors, physician assistants, and other clinical staff who are changing alcohol withdrawal treatment practices in their hospitals, clinics and offices. http://www.sagetalk.com   (196 words)      ALCOHOL - Definition Intoxication of alcohol is associated with violence, suicide, child and spouse abuse, respiratory depression, stupor, vomiting, predisposing to Mallory-Weiss Syndrome, hypoglycemia, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures. Chronic ingestion is associated with liver cirrhosis and withdrawal symptoms (Delirium Tremens).Two groups of alcohol drinkers are indentifiable based on the pattern of drinking: the problem drinkers and the ones with severe alcohol dependence. Common alcohols include ethanol ("grain alcohol," the type found in alcoholic beverages) methanol (aka "wood alcohol," can cause blindness and other nervous system damage if ingested) and propanol. http://www.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/alcohol   (196 words)      BBC NEWS Magazine How much is too much? The body adapts to the presence of alcohol and there will be a need to drink more for the same effect, if a person stops too quickly they will get the shakes and experience alcohol withdrawal syndrome, which can be medically dangerous. Almost one in three men and nearly one in five women are now judged to be drinking too much alcohol. Alcoholics can also be psychologically dependent on drink, using it to cope during difficult times in their lives or as the only way they can have fun. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/4188071.stm   (918 words)      Practice Guidelines,PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL: JAMA 1997 Kasser C, Gillie E, Kane G, Mayo-Smith MF, Smith JW, Thiessen N. The role of phenytoin in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Moskowitz G, Chalmers TC, Sacks HS, Fagerstrom RM, Smith H. Deficiencies of clinical trials of alcohol withdrawal. Practice Guideline for the treatment of patients with substance use disorders: alcohol, cocaine, opiates. http://www.asam.org/publ/withdrawal.htm   (6961 words)      Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - www.ezboard.com Finally, other drugs used in medicine and psychiatry may produce a similar syndrome including inhalational anesthetics, succinylcholine, withdrawal from dopamine agonists, alcohol or sedative withdrawal, atropinic drugs, stimulants and psychedelic drugs, salicylates, and serotonergic agents. While there are no proven risk factors that outweigh the benefits of antipsycholtic therapy, dehydraction, agitation, catatonia, mood disorders, organic brain syndromes, withdrawal states, and the use of rapid dose escalation and prenteral drugs, have been suggested as contributing to the risk of NMS. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome NMS is a drug-induced disorder, characterized by disturbances in mental status, temperature regulation, and autonomic and extrapyramidal functions. http://p201.ezboard.com/ftime2unwindfrm16.showMessage?topicID=49.topic   (501 words)      Diagnostic Criteria for Alcohol Abuse and Dependence - Alcohol Alert No. 30-1995 Such criteria provide agreement as to the constellation of symptoms that indicate the alcohol dependence syndrome and allow researchers all over the world to communicate clearly as to what kinds of disorders are being studied. The diagnosis focuses on an interrelated cluster of psychological symptoms, such as craving; physiological signs, such as tolerance and withdrawal; and behavioral indicators, such as the use of alcohol to relieve withdrawal discomfort (1). Alcoholism was categorized in both editions as a subset of personality disorders, homosexuality, and neuroses (2,12). http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa30.htm   (501 words)      Age of Drinking Onset and Involvement in Physical Fights After Drinking -- Hingson et al. 108 (4): 872 -- Pediatrics Toteva S, Mi'anov I The use of body acupuncture for treatment of alcohol dependence withdrawal syndrome: a controlled study. Grant B The impact of family history of alcoholism on the relationship between age at onset of alcohol use and DSM III alcohol dependence. Engs RC, Hanson DJ Age specific alcohol prohibition and college student's drinking problems: examining the effects of raising the purchase age. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/108/4/872   (501 words)      ALCOHOL - THE LEGAL DRUG OF ABUSE Some of the research strategies adopted in developing drugs to combat this menace include altering drinking behaviour to control craving and prevent relapse, inducing sobriety in intoxicated patients, treating alcohol-induced cognitive impairment, managing acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome and treating coexisting psychiatric disorders. Although alcohol is currently recognized as an official drug in the British and U.S. Pharmacopoeias, the various alcoholic beverages as such are no longer listed for medical use. This knowledge has launched a burgeoning era of research efforts to develop medications that impede the progress of alcoholism and lessen the risk of relapse to the disease. http://www.prn2.usm.my/mainsite/bulletin/1995/prn3.html   (3289 words)      ALCOHOL - Definition Intoxication of alcohol is associated with violence, suicide, child and spouse abuse, respiratory depression, stupor, vomiting, predisposing to Mallory-Weiss Syndrome, hypoglycemia, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures. Chronic ingestion is associated with liver cirrhosis and withdrawal symptoms (Delirium Tremens).Two groups of alcohol drinkers are indentifiable based on the pattern of drinking: the problem drinkers and the ones with severe alcohol dependence. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also {ethyl alcohol}); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it in considerable quantity. http://www.hyperdictionary.com/dictionary/alcohol   (604 words)      Austin Ethyl nitrite Alcaligenes xylosoxidans Alclometasone Alcohol (ethyl) see Ethanol Alcohol withdrawal syndrome... Cornelia de Lange syndrome Amyl nitrate Amyl nitrite see Amyl nitrate Amylase levels low (plasma or... harvey weiss, weiss, propyl nitrite, asthma spray, ethyl acetate, hexane, methyl chloride... http://www.austinseek.com/cgi-bin/list.cgi?keywords=Austin+Ethyl+nitrite   (604 words)      THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 15, Ch. 195, Drug Use And Dependence (Substance Use Disorders; Drug Addiction; Drug Abuse; Drug Habituation) Two concepts contribute to the definition of drug dependence: tolerance, which describes the need to progressively increase the dose to produce the effect originally achieved with smaller doses, and physical dependence, a state of physiologic adaptation to a drug, manifested by a withdrawal (abstinence) syndrome. If a drug does not cause physical dependence, discontinuing the drug does not cause a major stereotypical withdrawal syndrome. Drugs that produce strong physical dependence (eg, heroin, alcohol) are prone to abuse, and dependence is difficult to treat. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section15/chapter195/195a.htm   (1258 words)      delirium tremens - The Cult First off, delirium tremens is the third stage of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and can be fatal. Meaing the worst symptoms of alcohol withdrawal do not peak until 72 hours, but youÂ’ll still see signs beforehand. Delirium tremens encompasses the first 2 phases plus delirium tremens, characterized by severe disorientation. http://www.chuckpalahniuk.net/community/showthread.php?t=13755   (3303 words)      Atenolol:Uses And Administration Atenolol can be used in conjunction with standard alcohol withdrawal treatments, and may may be useful in the treatment of some patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Atenolol can be used for the prophylaxis of migraine but propanolol is more effective and is considered to be the treatment of choice. Atenolol is effective in controlling sympathetic overactivity associated with hyperthyroidism including tremor, anxiety, and muscle weakness. http://orac.sunderland.ac.uk/~hs0dad/profile/atenolol/uses.htm   (531 words)      ASAM Clinical Practice Guideline, Phenytoin and Withdrawal, 1997 Since phenytoin is not without potential adverse effects, this guideline was developed to clarify the role of phenytoin in managing patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Recommendations for the role of phenytoin in the management of alcohol withdrawal for different classifications of patients were formulated based upon available research evidence and/or the consensus of expert clinicians. Blood levels of phenytoin, measured in 18 of the 66 study patients, ranged from 3-5.6 mcg/ml which is below the accepted therapeutic level of 10 mcg/ml; therefore, the therapeutic effect is unclear. http://www.asam.org/publ/dilantin.htm   (4022 words)      Earlier Alcohol References The increasing incidence of abuse of these substances has resulted in a significant number of children who have been exposed to substances of abuse in utero; this exposure may produce a wide spectrum of adverse events (e.g., growth retardation, cognitive impairment, neonatal withdrawal syndrome). It is suggested that the abnormalities might have been due to maternal alcohol abuse; a possible withdrawal effect might have occurred in utero. AB: Examined the relationship of prenatal alcohol exposure to the IQ of children at age 4 in a longitudinal prospective, population-based study. http://www.cog.brown.edu:16080/courses/cg63/AlcoholBefore1992.html   (2378 words)

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