|
| |
| | Gram staining - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Gram staining is one of the most useful staining procedures in bacteriological laboratory. | | | Organisms that cannot reliably be differentiated by this staining technique are said to be Gram-variable. | | | Gram staining (or the Gram's method) is an empirical method of differentiating bacterial species into two large groups (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_stain
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Garlic |
| | Various studies have shown that garlic extracts or various components have a broad spectrum antibacterial action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. | | | Various studies have focused on the ability of garlic to reduce cholesterol, triglycerides, and increases high-density lipoprotein in the blood. | | | Kendler concludes, however, that despite various methodological problems with garlic studies, with few exceptions, the same overall conclusions in human studies are reached. |
|
http://www.herbalgram.org/default.asp?c=garlic
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: Gram stain |
| | Gram stain is performed by a clinical laboratory scientist, NCA(CLS) or medical technologist, MT(ASCP) or by a clinical laboratory technician, NCA(CLT) or medical laboratory technician, MLT(ASCP). | | | The Gram stain will identify male patients with Neisseria gonorrhoeae genital infections with a specficity approaching 100% and a sensitivity above 90%. | | | The Gram stain is used to detect the presence of bacteria, yeast, and other cells in direct smears prepared from swabs, aspirates, secretions, etc. from any part of the body where infection is suspected. |
|
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_/ai_2699003350
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Phage Therapy as Antibiotics |
| | According to various Georgian physicians with whom I have spoken, phage therapy is part of the general standard of care there, used especially extensively in pediatric, burn and surgical hospital settings. | | | Most bacteria are not pathogenic; in fact, they play crucial roles in the ecological balance in various parts of our bodies, including the digestive system and all body surfaces. | | | The various different phages for each particular formulation were then combined and automatically packaged and sealed into 10-ml ampoules or otherwise prepared and packaged for administration. |
|
http://www.evergreen.edu/phage/phagetherapy/phagetherapy.htm
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Gram Stain |
| | The gram stain is probably the most important procedure in all of microbiology. | | | Gram positive bacteria retain the crystal violet even when decolorized: gram negative bacteria do not retain the crystal violet, are decolorized, and then pick up the safrinin dye. | | | Differentiate among various shapes, sizes, arrangements, and gram reactions of bacteria. |
|
http://www.rlc.dcccd.edu/mathsci/reynolds/micro/lab_manual/gram.html
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Bacteria, gram positive bacilli |
| | If there are enough organisms in the centrifuged cerebrospinal fluid specimen so that a few organisms can be seen after viewing the gram stain slide for five minutes, one can be sure that in the ER or on the ward a patient will be in a bad condition. | | | has a page with links to LM gram stain images of most, if not all clinically relevant bacteria, including L monocytogenes which are helpful for the clinician and the technologist since they will view similar shape, color and size at similar x1,000 magnification in a routine clinical laboratory setting. | | | Gram stains are the, "real world of clinical microbiology," and represent the routine view of what clinicians actually see of bacterial organisms. |
|
http://www.buddycom.com/bacteria/gpr.html
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Bacteria, gram positive bacilli |
| | If there are enough organisms in the centrifuged cerebrospinal fluid specimen so that a few organisms can be seen after viewing the gram stain slide for five minutes, one can be sure that in the ER or on the ward a patient will be in a bad condition. | | | has a page with links to LM gram stain images of most, if not all clinically relevant bacteria, including L monocytogenes which are helpful for the clinician and the technologist since they will view similar shape, color and size at similar x1,000 magnification in a routine clinical laboratory setting. | | | If the physician does not establish a rat bite in the patient's clinical history, a serendipitous finding of gram variable rods on gram stain which can not be cultured may or may not result in a specimen being sent to a specialized reference laboratory, where it may or may not be successfully identified. |
|
http://www.buddycom.com/bacteria/gpr.html
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Bobs |
| | For example, note the report of "Gram-positive cocci resembling Staphylococcus." In practice, if streptococci grow on culture rather than staphylococci, a corrected report is unnecessary because of the use of this qualifier. | | | Reading Gram stains of vaginal swabs to rule out bacterial vaginosis is difficult for a number of reasons. | | | Read the Gram stain as usual including all types of bacteria present as well as PMN's and the 4+ squamous epithelial cells. |
|
http://jamaica.u.arizona.edu/ic/srl/micro/bob2.html
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Microbiological staining methods |
| | In the laboratory you will practice the Gram stain technique on a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria grown on different types of media. | | | Spores are often detectable in Gram stains or by phase contrast microscopy of living cells, however differential staining methods may be necessary to confirm or reject the presence of spores in a culture. | | | A second theory maintains that the thicker walls of Gram positive bacteria are dehydrated by the decolorizing solution and shrink, resulting in the closure of pores in the wall, trapping the dye-mordant within the cell. |
|
http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~bioslabs/bios318/staining.html
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 19, Ch. 260, Disturbances In Newborns And Infants |
| | Because of the large numbers of circulating bacteria in the septic newborn, organisms can frequently be seen in or associated with PMNs by applying Gram stain, methylene blue, or acridine orange to the buffy coat. | | | In infants likely to have received various broad-spectrum antibiotics, many other pathogens may be found, including coagulase-positive staphylococcus, E. | | | Ventriculitis should be suspected in any newborn not responding appropriately to antimicrobial therapy. |
|
http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section19/chapter260/260m.htm
(918 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hans Christian Joachim Gram (www.whonamedit.com) |
| | In addition to his university post, Gram had a large private practice in internal medicine; and as chairman of the Pharmacopoeia Commission, 1901 to 1921, he cleared the field of many obsolete therapeutics. | | | Taking up studies in the natural sciences early, Gram received a B.A. from the Copenhagen Metropolitan School in 1871 and was an assistant in botany to the zoologist Japetus Steenstrup (1873-1874). | | | Gram was a very modest man and in his initial publication he stated, «I have therefore published the method, although I am aware that as yet it is very defective and imperfect; but it is hoped that also in the hands of other investigations it will turn out to be useful. |
|
http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/696.html
(941 words)
|
|
| |
| | Classification and Phylogeny |
| | For example, the "like begets like" view does not accommodate the variation evident among individuals of a species. | | | These experiments demonstrated that rRNA-based methods are applicable to directly comparing a broader range of organisms (i.e., spanning greater phylogenetic distances) than is whole genome DNA-DNA hybridization. | | | Several discoveries necessitated this view and overcame seemingly conflicting observations. |
|
http://www.bact.wisc.edu/Bact303/Phylogeny
(941 words)
|
|
| |
| | Exercise I: Gram Stain |
| | Young cultures should be used because old cultures of certain Gram positive organisms, such as Streptococcus and Bacillus sp. | | | Be able to interpret the results of a properly performed Gram stain on a human sample. | | | In the cell wall of Gram positive organisms, the decolorizer is unable to act as a solvent thus the crystal violet remains. |
|
http://dentistry.ouhsc.edu/intranet-Web/Courses/DMI_8351/Exercise_I.html
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Experts in: gram-positive bacteria |
| | Bacteria that resists decoloration by alcohol in Gram's method. |
|
http://www.intota.com/multisearch.asp?mode=&strSearchType=all&strQuery=gram-positive%20bacteria
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Strategies for Preventing Bacterial Contamination |
| | We do not believe that bacteriological screening, such as Gram staining, of all platelets prior to infusion is practical or necessary in a clinical setting such as ours where 150-200 RDP units and 20 SDP units are transfused daily. | | | In a study by Yomtovian et al., Gram staining and microbial culturing of platelet concentrates were done prior to transfusion (7). | | | In that study, all platelet units involved in febrile transfusion reactions were evaluated by Gram staining and culture over a 42-month period. |
|
http://www3.mdanderson.org/~citm/H-97-01.html
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Structure and Function of Procaryotes |
| | Gram-negative bacteria may contain a single monomolecular layer of murein in their cell walls while Gram-positive bacteria are thought to have several layers or "wraps" of peptidoglycan. | | | In Gram-positive bacteria, peptidoglycans may vary in the amino acid in place of DAP or L-lys in position 3 of the tetrapeptide, and in the exact composition of the interpeptide bridge. | | | A semisolid medium is inoculated with the bacteria in a straight-line stab with a needle. |
|
http://textbookofbacteriology.net/structure.html
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Bacteria, gram positive bacilli |
| | has a page with links to LM gram stain images of most, if not all clinically relevant bacteria, including L monocytogenes which are helpful for the clinician and the technologist since they will view similar shape, color and size at similar x1,000 magnification in a routine clinical laboratory setting. | | | If there are enough organisms in the centrifuged cerebrospinal fluid specimen so that a few organisms can be seen after viewing the gram stain slide for five minutes, one can be sure that in the ER or on the ward a patient will be in a bad condition. | | | Gram stains are the, "real world of clinical microbiology," and represent the routine view of what clinicians actually see of bacterial organisms. |
|
http://www.buddycom.com/bacteria/gpr.html
(1123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hans Burch Gram |
| | Folger introduced gram to Ferdinand Wilsey, and Wilsey was to soon become one of his early patients, the treatment of Dr. John Gray being unsuccessful. | | | His respect for Gram's culture and experience, as well as the cure of his patients, led Gray to become a homeopathic convert. | | | Hans Burch Gram was born in Boston in 1787, the son of the secretary to the Danish governor of Santa Cruz. |
|
http://www.wholehealthnow.com/homeopathy_pro/hans_burch_gram.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | Micro Lab Notebook |
| | In fact, in some situations need no further information is needed (at least at the beginning) and you will come across microbiologists referring toan isolated organism as a "Gram-negative rod" or a "Gram-positive coccus". | | | Is it very likely that Gram-negative cocci would be cultured from a normal skin swab? | | | Gram positive bacteria are more permeable to many of the most common antibiotics, probably because they lack the outer membrane of the Gram negatives. |
|
http://www.indstate.edu/thcme/micro/basic.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | The VTWM CHANGELOG |
| | January 27, 1998 [add_window.c] [iconmgr.c] [parse.c] [twm.c] [screen.h] [gram.y] Added a variable to tell the icon manager whether or not to highlight its entries as an indication of pointer location, regardless of the NoHighlight variable. | | | August 10 - 14, 1998 All references to and mention of the shadow contrast and shadow width variables have been changed to *BevelContrast and *BevelWidth. | | | Added a bug workaround to try to make managed windows used as transients behave, a la the FixTransientVirtualGeometries variable (seldom needed, just as bad, but mostly works). |
|
http://www.visi.com/~hawkeyd/vtwm-changelog.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | Infection Control Today - 09/2003: Gram-negative and Gram-positive Bacteria |
| | Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria both make up a significant part of the bodys defense system when they reside in the appropriate settings; taken out of their comfort zones, they can be fatal. | | | Gram was a pharmacologist and pathologist fascinated by botany, which led him to the microscope and the beginnings of pharmacology. | | | Gram positives may also be found there, but also can reside on mucous membranes such as mouth, vagina or the skin. |
|
http://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/articles/391Clinical.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | General bacteriology |
| | EHEC are intestinal pathogenic bacteria producing watery and bloody diarrhoea with colical intestinal pain, the haemorrhagic colitis, HC. | | | This bacteria is sorbitol negative, glucuronidase negative, no fluorescence. | | | Some enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli ferment X-Gluc (Mug-) and behave like coliforms. |
|
http://www.ourfood.com/General_bacteriology.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | Gram negative |
| | The liability to infection of preterm and dysmature babies and the role of Gram-negative bacteria in the aetiology of neonatal meningitis is emphasized. | | | Rheumatoid behavior in normal human synovial fibroblasts induced by extracts of Gram-negative bacteria ; Buckingham RB et al.; We have previously shown that exposure of normal human synovial cells to whole extracts of Gram-negative bacteria or purified endotoxins results in increased synthesis of hyaluronic acid, and increased glucose uptake and lactate output. | | | This preliminary study suggests the usefulness of the Limulus assay as an adjunct to bacteriologic cultures in the early detection of significant gram-negative infection in severely malnourished children. |
|
http://www.bionewsonline.com/l/2/gram_negative_m.htm
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | BACTERIA - KINGDOMS ARCHAEBACTERIA AND EUBACTERIA |
| | Hans Christian Gram, a Danish Microbiologist, developed the Gram-stain technique in 1884. | | | Bacteria that Lack Flagella have other methods of Movement. | | | Bacteria affect our lives in many positive ways. |
|
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/monerans.html
(576 words)
|
|
| |
| | Cell Differentiation by Gram's Stain |
| | Others that are not stained by crystal violet are referred to as gram negative. | | | The Gram staining method, named after the Danish bacteriologist who originally devised it in 1844, Hans Christian Gram, is one of the most important staining techniques in microbiology. | | | In Gram's method, which is based on the ability of a cell in retaining the crystal violet dye during solvent treatment, it is the difference in the microbial cell wall that is amplified. |
|
http://www.glue.umd.edu/~nsw/ench485/lab9b.htm
(1389 words)
|
|
| |
| | Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Part 1 |
| | gonorrhoeae infection by culture, Gram stain, or antigen or nucleic acid detection. | | | A history of urethral discharge, pain on urination and itch in the meatal region, or by a history of a genital infection in a male or female partner. | | | However, this organism is often seen in normal individuals and culturing the organism has questionable value in diagnosing NGU. |
|
http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/std.htm
(1389 words)
|
|
| |
| | BBC - h2g2 - Gram Stain Technique - A506396 |
| | Gram staining is a technique carried out in microbiology to classify a bacterium into one of two groups: Gram positive or Gram negative. | | | BBC - h2g2 - Gram Stain Technique - A506396 | | | This is useful since certain antibiotics that cure Gram negative infections have no effect on Gram positive infections (and vice versa), so it is good to know which kind of bacteria is infecting you, so that you can attain the right treatment. |
|
http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/alabaster/A506396
(787 words)
|
|
|
