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| | Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors |
 | | Germ cell tumors begin in the reproductive cells (egg or sperm) of the body. | | | Ovarian germ cell tumor is a general name that is used to describe several different types of cancer. | | | Unless a doctor is sure the cancer has spread from the ovaries to other parts of the body, surgery is required to determine the stage of cancer in an operation called a laparotomy. |
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http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000062967.html
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| | Extra-gonadal Germ Cell Tumors |
| | The association between primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum (the space between the lung pleura that contains the heart and other chest viscera) and hematologic malignancies has been described by retrospective analysis of patients treated at individual clinical centers. | | | METHODS: Fourteen men (median age 33 years) with primary retroperitoneal germ cell tumours were treated by chemotherapy followed by surgical resection of the primary tumour and metastases via a thoracoabdominal extraperitoneal approach. | | | We assessed the usefulness of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnosis of mediastinal germ cell tumors (GCTs). |
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http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/diseases/gct_extragonadal.htm
(9288 words)
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| | Germ Cell Tumors |
| | The germ cells normally move from the yolk sac into the embryo and grow within the developing testes, if the fetus is male, or the ovary, if the fetus is female. | | | Malignant germ cell tumors in the pineal area, around the middle of the brain, put pressure on the brain or block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which normally circulates through the brain and spinal cord. | | | A small sample of the tumor is removed either surgically, called an open biopsy, or using a needle, called a needle biopsy, to check whether the cells are benign or malignant. |
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http://www.hmc.psu.edu/childrens/healthinfo/g/germcell.htm
(1169 words)
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| | HON Mother & Child Glossary, Childhood Cancers: Germ Cell Cancer |
| | These germ cell tumours are usually located in the sacrum (a triangular-shaped section of fused bone located between the hip bones at the base of the spine) and the coccyx (the fused bones located on the end of the sacrum; also called the tailbone). | | | Germ cell tumours of early childhood have biological characteristics which are different than those that occur in adolescents and young adults. | | | This type of germ cell tumour is usually located within the chest. |
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http://www.hon.ch/Dossier/MotherChild/child_cancer/cancer_germcell.html
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| | Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors |
| | Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been used effectively for patients with recurrent dysgerminoma with and without adjuvant radiation therapy. | | | Germ cell tumors of the ovary, uncommon but aggressive tumors seen most often in young women or adolescent girls, are frequently unilateral, and are generally curable if found and treated early. | | | In the absence of obvious metastatic disease, accurate staging of germ cell tumors of the ovary requires laparotomy with careful examination of the entire diaphragm, both paracolic gutters, pelvic nodes on the side of the ovarian tumor, the para-aortic lymph nodes, and the omentum. |
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http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000062935.html
(4032 words)
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| | Germ Cell Tumors (Brain) |
| | Germinomas are very sensitive to radiation therapy, and about 85 percent of patients are cured with radiation therapy alone. | | | Germ cell tumors can spread to other areas of the brain and spinal cord. | | | Different types of germ cells give rise to different types of tumors, including germinoma, embryonal carcinoma, endodermal sinus tumor and teratoma. |
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http://www.stjude.org/disease-summaries/0,2557,449_2160_5037,00.html
(425 words)
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| | Med-Lib - Medical Online Library - English Articles - Oxford Textbook of Surgery - Mediastinal tumours |
| | Since resection is not always the appropriate form of therapy for this diverse group of tumours, the principal goals of surgical involvement need to be stated clearly. | | | Approximately 10 per cent of all benign nerve sheath tumours cause extradural compression of the spinal cord due to extension of the tumour through the intervertebral foramen into the spinal canal. | | | Combined approach to andlsquo;dumbbellandrsquo; intrathoracic and intraspinal neurogenic tumours. |
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http://med-lib.ru/english/oxford/mediast_tum.shtml
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| | Tumour markers in germ cell cancer - EGTM Recommendations |
| | Prior to 1997, clinical and pathological staging of germ cell tumours was dependent only on the extent of disease, according to the TNM system, requiring orchiectomy for the staging of primary tumour and radiographic assessment of chest, abdomen and pelvis to determine nodal and metastatic classification. | | | mixed germ cell tumours (especially embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumours), and occur in all stages of disease [sensitivity 50-80% in metastatic disease, 70-72% in undifferentiated malignant teratoma, 60-64% in intermediate malignant teratoma, and 64% of patients with yolk sac or combination tumours]. | | | Germ cell tumours are the most common cancers in males between the ages of 15 and 34, with a world-wide incidence of about five per 100,000. |
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http://egtm.web.med.uni-muenchen.de/detail/4.htm
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| | UPMC Cancer Centers - Cancer Information |
| | Germ cell tumors begin in the reproductive cells (egg or sperm) of the body. | | | Ovarian germ cell tumor is a general name that is used to describe several different types of cancer. | | | Unless a doctor is sure the cancer has spread from the ovaries to other parts of the body, surgery is required to determine the stage of cancer in an operation called a laparotomy. |
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http://www.upmccancercenters.com/pdq_xml/cancer.cfm?ID=101
(425 words)
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| | eMedicine - Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors : Article by Issam Makhoul, MD |
| | The germ cell origin of these tumors is suggested by the typical abnormalities of chromosome 12 and the elevation of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (bhCG) and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). | | | According to this theory, the differences in phenotypes expressed by mediastinal germ cell tumors (MGCTs) and gonadal GCTs may be explained by differences in the cellular environment between the gonad and the anterior mediastinum. | | | A recent alternative theory suggests that primary mediastinal presentations represent reverse migration of occult carcinoma in situ (CIS) lesions in the gonad; hence, they may be gonadal in origin. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic759.htm
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| | TESTICULAR CANCER : CURRENT MANAGEMENT |
| | Approximately 90% of germ cell cancers of the testis are curable today with advances in knowledge of pathology and natural history, diagnostic tools and surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. | | | FNAC of testicular tumours is generally not recommended as it is useful only if it is positive, exact typing (seminoma versus NSGCT) is not reliable on FNAC and due to the theoretical risk of needle tract recurrence. | | | About 10% of testicular tumours present with acute pain which is due to intra-tumoral haemorrhage. |
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http://www.bhj.org/journal/1999_4103_july99/SP_437.HTM
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| | eMedicine - Teratomas and Other Germ Cell Tumors of the Mediastinum : Article by Jane M Eggerstedt, MD |
| | Differentiation of thymomas, lymphomas, and germ cell tumors can be made in a number of cases when tissue obtained from a core needle biopsy is subjected to special histologic staining methods, including immunohistochemical techniques. | | | The staging system for germ cell tumors of the gonads, both seminomatous and nonseminomatous, is determined by the primary tumor, regional lymph node, remote metastases (TNM) classifications, as well as an additional category, S, signifying the serum tumor marker status of the individual. | | | Benign teratomas are tumors for which surgical excision is adequate therapy. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3449.htm
(6224 words)
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| | Ovarian germ cell tumor |
| | Germ cell tumors of the ovary, uncommon but aggressive tumors seen most often in young women or adolescent girls, are frequently unilateral, and are generally curable if found and treated early. | | | In the absence of obvious metastatic disease, accurate staging of germ cell tumors of the ovary requires laparotomy with careful examination of the entire diaphragm, both paracolic gutters, pelvic nodes on the side of the ovarian tumor, the para-aortic lymph nodes, and the omentum. | | | Thus, adjuvant cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin have replaced radiation therapy except in the rare patient in whom chemotherapy is not considered appropriate. |
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http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/Cancernet/103125.html
(6224 words)
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| | CancerBACUP : Wilms' tumour |
| | Stage 4 The tumour has spread to other parts of the body such as the lungs, liver, bone or brain. | | | Once the tumour has shrunk, surgery can then often be done to remove it. | | | Very rarely, people who have Wilms tumour also have other particular conditions present at birth (congenital malformations), such as lack of an iris in the eye (aniridia), abnormalities of the genitals and a condition in which one side of the body is slightly larger than the other (hemihypertrophy). |
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http://www.cancerbacup.org.uk/info/child-wilms.htm
(1894 words)
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| | National Cancer Institute - Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumor Treatment |
| | Germ cell tumors develop from primordial germ cells, which migrate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac through the mesentery to the gonads.[4] Childhood extracranial germ cell tumors most commonly arise in midline extragonadal sites (i.e., sacrococcygeal, mediastinal, retroperitoneal), and the midline location may represent aberrant embryonic migration of the primordial germ cells. | | | While the majority of ovarian germ cell tumors are benign mature teratomas, a heterogeneous group of malignant germ cell tumors occur in females, including immature teratomas, dysgerminomas, yolk sac tumors and mixed germ cell tumors. | | | Refer to the PDQ summary on Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Therapies for specific information about the incidence, type, and monitoring of late effects in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors. |
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http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/pdq/treatment/extracranial-germ-cell/healthprofessional
(1525 words)
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| | Pan Arab - Journals Vol3, No.1 - Pineal Region Tumour Management A Stereotactic Perpective |
| | Treatment of non-germinoma germ cell tumours is successful for those patients with benign (mature) teratomas which can be resected totally.(5,7,46) Whether microsurgical techniques have improved the outcome for patients harbouring malignant teratomas and other malignant germ cell tumours with a positive marker profile remains a matter of debate. | | | The wide variety of tumours and lesions of the pineal can be subdivided into four groups: Germ cell tumours, the pineal parenchymal tumours, filial tumours and a mixed group containing such divergent entities like meningiomas, metastases to the pineal and pineal cysts (Table 1). | | | The pineal region is a preferred site for the growth of germ cell tumours which are the most common type in the pineal region.(27-31) The neoplasms range from completely benign (mature) teratomas, dermoids, epidermoids to highly malignant tumours such as choriocarcinomas, embryonal cell carcinomas and endodermal sinus tumours (yolk sac tumours). |
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http://www.panarabneurosurgery.org.sa/Journal/Apr1999/PinealRequinTumour.htm
(1525 words)
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| | The Singapore Urological Association |
| | The invasive neoplasm that intratubular germ cells resemble, ie seminoma, is not a carcinoma. | | | Extragonadal germ cell tumors, non-germ cell testicular tumors and specific issues of fertility were not discussed in detail at this meeting due to the pressures of time and will be dealt with at the next concensus meeting. | | | There is also the reported negative correlation between the histological finding of yolk sac tumour elements and occult metastases in clinical stage I patients (31). |
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http://www.sua.org.sg/whatsnew/whatsnew_testis.htm
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| | AUO |
| | In one arm of this study, the investigation focuses on patients who have a non-seminomatous germ cell tumour in Stage I, IIA or IIB and are scheduled to undergo a primary retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. | | | For the adjuvant therapy approach (obligate tumour nephrectomy) the high-risk group is defined as including patients with lymph-node involvement, patients with locally advanced tumour growth, or patients with histopathologically positive resection margin (R1), in each case without distant metastases. | | | Patients with distant metastases or a macroscopically discernible residual tumour are envisaged in particular for the palliative therapy approach: |
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http://www.guglobal.org/auo.htm
(8289 words)
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| | Ovarian germ cell tumor |
| | Ovarian germ cell tumor is a general name that is used to describe several different types of cancer. | | | Unless a doctor is sure the cancer has spread from the ovaries to other parts of the body, surgery is required to determine the stage of cancer in an operation called a laparotomy. | | | Ovarian germ cell tumor is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the germ (egg) cells of the ovary. |
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http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cancernet/203125.html
(8289 words)
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| | Ovarian Germ Cell |
| | Ovarian germ cell tumours of the ovary whether they are benign or malignant, are not easy to diagnose. | | | However, with modern day chemotherapy the results for the treatment of ovarian germ cell cancers is very good with some young women retaining their fertility and going on to later have babies. | | | After surgery the patient should be treated with chemotherapy. |
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http://www.igcs.com.au/ovarian.htm
(8289 words)
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| | Testicular Tumours - Patient UK |
| | Of the many factors associated with the risk of developing germ cell tumours of the testis, cryptorchism and malignancy in the contralateral testis are by far the strongest. | | | For non-seminomatous germ cell tumours, the results are less favourable, with a 5-year survival rate of 86% for stage I disease. | | | Yolk sac tumours are also known as endodermal sinus tumours, and are the most common prepubertal germ cell tumours.They may be benign, but they are most often malignant. |
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http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/40024502
(8289 words)
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| | Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors |
| | Possible signs of extragonadal germ cell tumors include chest pain and breathing problems. | | | When cells that are meant to form sperm in the testicles or eggs in the ovaries travel to other parts of the body, they may grow into extragonadal germ cell tumors. | | | The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated. |
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http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cancer.gov/CDR0000271920.html
(8289 words)
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| | Subjective quality of life and sexual functioning after germ-cell tumour therapy |
| | Purpose: To evaluate the influence of germ-cell tumour therapy on sexual functioning and subjective quality of life (QL). | | | Communication about sexual problems should be offered as a standard to patients treated for germ-cell tumours. | | | In all, 474 patients treated for germ-cell tumours at the Department of Internal Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, from 1979 to 2000 were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire concerning psychosocial dimensions and subjective QL (QLS; |
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http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v89/n12/abs/6601421a.html
(8289 words)
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| | Ovarian Cancer |
| | Risk of ovarian cancer is directly related to the number of times a woman ovulates, which is indicated by the total number of menstrual periods she has had. | | | Ovarian cancer patients are urged to seek the expertise of a qualified gynecologic oncologist (a surgical specialist in female reproductive cancers) and a qualified medical oncologist with special expertise in the chemotherapeutic management of gynecologic cancer. | | | Radiation therapy is not typically used in ovarian cancer. |
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http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc92.html
(8289 words)
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| | The Royal College of Pathologists Publications & media |
| | 95% or more of testicular tumours are of germ cell origin and unlike most malignancies are remarkably responsive to modern therapeutic regimes and cure rates in excess of 90% are the norm. | | | Non germ cell tumours and spermatocytic seminoma must be identified, as their management is completely different to that of seminoma and NSGCT - and since such tumours are infrequently encountered their recording on minimum datasets forms is primarily for coding purposes. | | | Whilst the presence or absence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) has no prognostic significance, since it is found in association with nearly all germ cell tumours, it may help in the differential diagnosis of uncommon tumours such as spermatocytic seminoma and epidermal cysts in which it does not occur. |
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http://www.rcpath.org/index.asp?PageID=261
(8289 words)
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| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 18, Ch. 241, Gynecologic Neoplasms |
| | For patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer, cytoreductive (tumor-debulking) surgery is advised to improve the efficacy of adjunctive therapies. | | | Reproductive capability can be preserved by excising only the affected ovary; the remainder of the surgical staging procedures should be completed. | | | Germ cell tumors, which arise from the primary germ cells of the ovary, occur in young women and are uncommon in women > 30 yr. |
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http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section18/chapter241/241b.jsp
(8289 words)
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| | eMedicine - Germ Cell Tumors : Article by Mansoor Javeed, MD, FACP |
| | GCT differentiation may be influenced by several interacting pathways, such as regulators of germ-cell totipotentiality, embryonic development, and genomic imprinting. | | | NSGCTs (low tumor burden): RPLND is a standard surgical therapeutic approach in patients with clinical stage IIA or IIB disease who have normal tumor markers. | | | The incidence of GCT varies by geographic area. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic863.htm
(8289 words)
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