|
| |
| | Genetic counseling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Genetic counselling is the process by which patients or relatives at risk of a inherited disorder are advised of the consequences and the nature of the disorder, the probability of developing or transmitting it and the options open to them in management and family planning in order to prevent, avoid or ameliorate it. | | | Genetic counselors work as members of a health care team, providing information and support to families who have members with birth defects or genetic disorders and to families who may be at risk for a variety of inherited conditions. | | | A genetic counselor is a health professional with specialized graduate degrees and experience in the areas of medical genetics and counseling. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_counseling
(442 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling |
| | Genetic Counseling is a communication process, which deals with the human problems associated with the occurrence, or the risk of occurrence, of a genetic disorder in a family. | | | Gradually, however, the psychological complexities involved in the counseling situation began to be recognized, and now an increasing number of articles on the impact of genetic diseases on the family and the techniques, philosophy, psycho-dynamics, and ethics of counseling are appearing... | | | Since counseling is vitally dependent upon research on the identification and delineation of new syndromes, the improvement of data on penetrance and expressivity, and the refinement of recurrence risk estimates, it is desirable that the counseling service be associated with an ongoing research program. |
|
http://ibis-birthdefects.org/start/g_fraser.htm
(1449 words)
|
|
| |
| | genetic counseling |
| | Genetic counseling is a discussion with a health care provider or genetics counselor about genetic diseases in a family. | | | Genetic diseases are conditions that can be passed on from a parent to offspring. | | | Genetic counseling can have a major impact on a person's life. |
|
http://www.northmemorial.com/HealthEncyclopedia/content/3042.asp
(501 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Testing Getup @ LaunchBase.org (Launch Base) |
| | Genetic tests are performed on a sample of blood, hair, skin, amniotic fluid (the fluid that surrounds a fetus during pregnancy), or other tissue. | | | Genetic testing usually involves examining a person's DNA- taken from cells in a sample of blood or, occasionally, from other body fluids or tissues - for some anomaly that flags a disease or disorder. | | | The results of testing done as part of a research study are usually not available to patients or their healthcare providers. |
|
http://www.launchbase.org/encyclopedia/Genetic_testing
(2146 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic counseling |
| | The training of individuals competent to give genetic counseling has been formalized in a number of European countries, as was done in the United States and Canada a number of years ago through their respective Boards of Medical Genetics. | | | Genetic counseling in common disorders is often given by the family doctor, the pediatrician or the obstetrician. | | | Counseling sessions for older parents, or for those requesting prenatal diagnosis because of anxiety (close contact with a handicapped individual, for example) are intended to provide information concerning the benefits and risks inherent to prenatal diagnostic techniques. |
|
http://www.gfmer.ch/Books/Reproductive_health/Genetic_counseling.html
(2141 words)
|
|
| |
| | Determinism - encyclopedia article about Determinism. |
| | Determinism is the philosophical Philosophy is a discipline or field of study involving the investigation, analysis, and development of ideas at a general, abstract, or fundamental level. | | | One approach to determinism is to argue that materialism does not present a correct understanding of the universe, not because it is wrong in its general picture of the determinate interactions that occur among material things, but because it ignores the souls of human beings. | | | Determinism is associated with, and relies upon, the ideas of Materialism Materialism is the philosophical view that the only thing that can truly be said to 'exist' is matter; that fundamentally, all things are composed of 'material'. |
|
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Determinism
(5195 words)
|
|
| |
| | Selection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Through genetic drift, such traits may become less common or disappear. | | | Subfields: population genetics - ecological genetics - human evolution - molecular evolution - phylogenetics - systematics - evo-devo | | | Under selection, individuals with advantageous or "adaptive" traits tend to be more successful than their peers reproductively--meaning they contribute more offspring to the succeeding generation than others do. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection
(674 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic testing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The laboratory reports the test results in writing to a person's doctor or genetic counselor. | | | Genetic tests are performed on a sample of blood, hair, skin, amniotic fluid (the fluid that surrounds a fetus during pregnancy), or other tissue. | | | Genetic testing usually involves examining a person's DNA- taken from cells in a sample of blood or, occasionally, from other body fluids or tissues - for some anomaly that flags a disease or disorder. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing
(2053 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling: Coping with the Human Impact of Genetic Disease |
| | Genetic counseling is recommended for all women who may want amniocentesis to help insure that individuals fully understand the risks and limitations, as well as the benefits, of the process. | | | Patients seeking genetic counseling can be younger, elderly, male or female, pregnant or just thinking about starting a family, affected with a disease, at risk for a disease, or simply curious to learn about the role of genetics in their lives. | | | In 1975, the American Society of Human Genetics adopted the following definition of genetic counseling: Genetic counseling is a communication process which deals with the human problems associated with the occurrence, or the risk of an occurrence, of a genetic disorder in the family. |
|
http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/CC/counseling_background.html
(2696 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling |
| | Genetic counseling is a communication process which deals with the human problems associated with the occurrence or risk of occurrence of a genetic disorder in a family. | | | The philosophy stems from a firm belief that genetic counseling should-insofar is possible-be devoid of any eugenic motivation. | | | Information about an individual's family history, carrier, status, diagnosis, or risk of genetic disorder in self or offspring is potentially stigmatizing and can lead to discrimination in employment or inabliliy to obtain insurance. |
|
http://www.ferre.org/newbrow/genetic.html
(291 words)
|
|
| |
| | The American Geriatrics Society - Position Statement: Genetic Testing for Late-Onset Alzheimer's |
| | As with any medical technology, it is imperative that physicians who use genetic testing in their clinical practice be well educated in this area, so that they can apply the technology appropriately and communicate effectively with patients and families. | | | As with any medical test, the decision regarding the utility of a genetic test should consider the benefits to the individual patient and the ways that a test result would modify the care that the patient would receive. | | | In addition, the rapid pace of genetic research and the decoding of the human genome suggests that many new genes will be identified over the next decade, a number of which could be related to late-onset disorders and common chronic diseases that affect older adults. |
|
http://www.americangeriatrics.org/products/positionpapers/gen_test.shtml
(1362 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling: Health Topics: UI Health Care |
| | Genetic counseling can help people who are concerned about passing a genetic disorder to their child, or who are concerned about the possibility of having a child with a birth defect. | | | Genetic information may be used when planning a pregnancy, or when already pregnant. | | | Genetic counselors are trained to take a careful medical and family history. |
|
http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/womenshealth/wome3262.html
(321 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic counseling |
| | A genetic counselor, with the aid of the patient or family, creates a detailed family pedigree that includes the incidence of disease in first-degree (parents, siblings, and children) and second-degree (aunts, uncles, and grandparents) relatives. | | | A birth defect or genetic disorder is detected. | | | Genetic counseling is done in a non-directive way, so that any treatment selected remains the personal choice of the individuals involved. |
|
http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00049280.html
(321 words)
|
|
| |
| | genome.gov Genetics FAQ |
| | Genetic counselors work as members of health care teams providing information and support to individuals or families who have genetic disorders or may be at risk for inherited conditions. | | | A genetic disorder is a disease caused in whole or in part by a "variation" (an unusual form) or "mutation" (alteration) of a gene. | | | Genetics counselors are health care professionals with specialized graduate degrees and experience in medical genetics and counseling. |
|
http://www.genome.gov/10001191
(2123 words)
|
|
| |
| | Disowning Knowledge |
| | However, a person can maintain ignorance of her genetic condition only up to a point, since genetic tests are not the only source of information about that condition. | | | Someone with a known genetic condition indicating a susceptibility to breast cancer might be denied a job or a promotion, or denied health or life insurance, because she is regarded as a health risk and therefore as too great an economic risk. | | | Nonetheless, the advent of genetic testing appears to have provoked a resurgence of paternalistic thinking, especially in those cases where doctors can detect the genetic condition associated with a particular disease, but are as yet unable to prevent or treat that disease. |
|
http://www.puaf.umd.edu/IPPP/rw.htm
(3092 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling |
| | Genetic counselors can help identify and interpret the risks of an inherited disorder, explain inheritance patterns, suggest testing, and lay out possible scenarios. | | | The best time to seek genetic counseling is before becoming pregnant, when a counselor can help assess your risk factors. | | | These tests identify the likelihood of passing certain genetic diseases or disorders (those caused by a defect in the genes- the tiny, DNA-containing units of heredity that determine the characteristics and functioning of the entire body) to your children. |
|
http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/genetic_counseling.html
(939 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Testing |
| | Special training is required to be able to analyze and convey information about genetic testing to affected individuals and their families. | | | Theyr are concerned about passing on a genetic problem to their children. | | | Genetic testing is a complex process, and the results depend both on reliable laboratory procedures and accurate interpretation of results. |
|
http://www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/Frames/genetic-testing-f.html
(662 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Testing |
| | Genetic information applies not only to the person having a genetic test but also to his family members and bloodline--so this issue could affect many more people than just an individual. | | | States vary in what genetic and metabolic conditions they test--all states test for at least two conditions (phenylketonuria and hypothyroidism) and some states test for more than 20 conditions. | | | Genetic tests have varying degrees of sensitivity (the test finds the disease-causing mutations it was designed to find) and specificity (the test finds only those mutations it was designed to find, and doesn't flag others that may be normal variation). |
|
http://www.sph.unc.edu/nccgph/phgenetics/testing.htm
(2177 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling |
| | The best time to seek genetic counseling is before becoming pregnant, when a counselor can help assess your risk factors. | | | Genetic counselors can help identify and interpret the risks of an inherited disorder, explain inheritance patterns, suggest testing, and lay out possible scenarios. | | | These tests identify the likelihood of passing certain genetic diseases or disorders (those caused by a defect in the genes- the tiny, DNA-containing units of heredity that determine the characteristics and functioning of the entire body) to your children. |
|
http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/genetic_counseling.html
(939 words)
|
|
| |
| | Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine: Genetic counseling |
| | A genetic counselor, with the aid of the patient or family, creates a detailed family pedigree that includes the incidence of disease in first-degree (parents, siblings, and children) and second-degree (aunts, uncles, and grandparents) relatives. | | | Other reasons for participating in genetic counseling may be the influences of a job or lifestyle that exposes a potential parent to health risks such as radiation, chemicals, or drugs. | | | Individuals who participate in genetic counseling and associated testing also must be aware that there are no cures or treatments for some of the disorders that may be identified. |
|
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0005/ai_2601000587
(1086 words)
|
|
| |
| | FGEC: Foundation for Genetic Education and Counseling |
| | Genetic counseling is a communication process which deals with the human problems associated with the occurrence or risk of occurrence of a genetic disorder in a family. | | | Individual genetic variations probably influence the effectiveness of medications from one person to the next. | | | Genetic counseling helps individuals and their families adjust to the presence or the possibility of a genetic disorder in the family. |
|
http://www.fgec.org/resources/bipolar.html
(3487 words)
|
|
| |
| | National Cancer Institute - Genetic Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 |
| | The direct medical risks of genetic testing are very small, but test results may have an impact on a person’s emotions, social relationships, finances, and medical choices. | | | Individuals who decide to get tested should check with their doctor or genetic counselor to find out when test results might be available. | | | Genetic discrimination occurs when people are treated differently by their insurance company or employer because they have a gene alteration that increases their risk of a disease, such as cancer. |
|
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/BRCA
(4185 words)
|
|
| |
| | Perinatology & Genetic Counseling |
| | Genetic counselors have a master’s degree in genetic counseling and may be certified by the American Board of Genetic Counseling. | | | Genetic Counseling is a process whereby information about a person’s family history is discussed and analyzed. | | | The role of the genetic counselor is to inform and educate individuals and families about the condition that may affect them. |
|
http://cssd.us/body.cfm?id=455
(735 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Engineering - Probe Ministries |
| | Most couples, however, do not seek genetic counsel in order to decide if they should have a child, but instead seek counsel to decide if they should abort a child that is already conceived. | | | Each human being carries approximately three to eight genetic defects that might be passed on to their children. | | | While this technology should be used to repair genetic defects, it should not be used to confer the role of creator on scientists. |
|
http://www.probe.org/content/view/665/67
(735 words)
|
|
| |
| | Masters in Genetic Counseling |
| | Its goals are to prepare graduates to provide genetic counseling with an emphasis on clients' psychological and educational needs; conduct social and behavioral research related to genetic counseling; and educate health care providers, policy makers, and the public about genetics and related health and social issues. | | | Graduates of the program are eligible to sit for the genetic counseling board examinations after completion of the degree program and a clinical log book demonstrating significant involvement in the evaluation and counseling of at least 50 patients from approved rotation sites. | | | Most of the preceptors for clinical rotations are board-certified genetic counselors. |
|
http://www.jhsph.edu/Dept/HPM/Degree_Programs/Masters_Degrees/MScGenet
(611 words)
|
|
| |
| | Eliminating Genetic Disease |
| | This is a personal attempt to contribute to the identification of, the development of tests for, and the progress of efforts toward the eradication of genetic diseases in dogs. | | | Educate the audience on the subject of genetic diseases in dogs. | | | Present a brief summary of some of the research and other activities currently underway which are working toward the elimination of genetic diseases in dogs. |
|
http://www.netpets.com/dogs/reference/genetics/elimgen.html
(3436 words)
|
|
| |
| | Using Heritability for Genetic Improvement |
| | Genetic correlations have always been an important part of carefully constructed breeding programs, but the concept of a genetic correlation is perhaps even less well understood than the concept of heritability. | | | Genetic correlations from about 0.6 to 0.99 between two traits mean that those traits will progress strongly in the same direction if selection is practiced for one trait of the pair. | | | Genetic correlations can be positive or negative and range from -1.0 to 1.0, whereas heritability is always positive and ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. |
|
http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/dairy/404-084/404-084.html
(2130 words)
|
|
| |
| | Genetic Counseling - |
| | Genetic counselors have their work cut out for them as the public becomes increasingly aware of the availability of genetic tests without fully understanding the science behind them. | | | People enter the field from a variety of disciplines, including biology, genetics, nursing, psychology, public health and social work, and must receive a master's degree and certification in genetic counseling. | | | The genetic counseling profession is rapidly expanding and diversifying, according to the National Society of Genetic Counselors. |
|
http://featuredreports.monster.com/biotech/genetic
(760 words)
|
|
| |
| | Prenatal genetic counseling |
| | A genetic counselor is a medical professional with a special postgraduate degree who can help you sort through complex information about your chances of having a child with a genetic disorder or birth defect as well as the testing and treatment options available to you. | | | You may already have met with a genetic counselor before your pregnancy if you were concerned about any risk factors that you have for having a child with this kind of problem. | | | Genetic counselors work with you and your family to help you absorb and digest information. |
|
http://www.babycenter.com/refcap/pregnancy/prenatalhealth/1607.html
(760 words)
|
|
| |
| | - Northwestern Memorial Hospital - Chicago |
| | However, it should be recognized that many many normal children result from prenatal karyotypes showing mosaicism, so it is important to discuss this with your obstetrician and genetic counselor. | | | A person who is a "genetic mosaic" has cells in his or her body with different genetic makeup. | | | In the case of gonadal and chromosomal mosaicism, prenatal genetic counseling is available when amniocentesis reveals that two populations of cells are present in the fetus. |
|
http://www.nmh.org/nmh/adam/adamencyclopedia/HIEArticles/001317.htm
(1031 words)
|
|
|
