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| | <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane |
 | | The <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane is named after Sir William <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> ( 1816- 1892), an English physician, anatomist and ophthalmologist, who discovered this membrane. |  | | If the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane is damaged, scarring would normally occur. |  | | The <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane is a smooth layer in the eye. |
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http://www.mcfly.org/wik/Bowman%27s_membrane
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| | LaserMyEye :: Encyclopedia :: Basement membrane |
 | | The basement membrane is a membrane of tissue beneath the epithelium which helps the epithelium adhere to the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> layer or stromal tissue. |  | | For patients getting LASIK, it is very important that the basement membrane be in good condition. |  | | A poor basement membrane resulting in loosely adhering epithelium will put LASIK patients at far higher risk of serious epithelial defects, extremely slow healing and severe chronic dry eye after surgery. |
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http://www.lasermyeye.org/encyclopedia/basementmembrane.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Sir William <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> |
 | | <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane — the anterior limiting membrane in the cornea After completing his surgical training in 1844, Sir <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> practised as an ophthalmologist at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital (later known as Moorfields Eye Hospital). |  | | Sir <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> left Birmingham in 1837 to further his training as a surgeon and attended King'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> College, London, where he served as a prosector under Robert Bentley Todd, a professor of physiology. |  | | Sir William <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> ( July 20, 1816- March 29, 1892) was a British surgeon and anatomist. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Sir-William-Bowman
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| | Special Senses I: The Eye |
 | | The cells of the corneal epithelium sit on a thick basal lamina, <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane, (named for Sir William <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, 1816-1892, the English ophthalmologist, anatomist and physiologist). |  | | The corneal epithelium varies in thickness among different species, and if you have trouble finding in on this slide, try slide 268, where it should be very evident. |  | | It is possible to remove the cornea, freeze it, and actually machine it in a small lathe-like device to alter its curvature, then stitch it back into place, with different focusing characteristics! |
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http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab11/Eye/eyelab.htm
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| | Corneal injury for medical students and primary care physicians |
 | | Note that corneal abrasions generally do not cause scarring upon healing because the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane is not violated. |  | | Corneal ulcer is a defect that involve the stroma, past <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane. |  | | Shady Awwad, MD A corneal abrasion is an injury to the epithelium that is superficial enough not to involve the basement membrane. |
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http://www.eyeweb.org/ulcer.htm
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| | eMedicine - Corneal Erosion, Recurrent : Article by Arun Verma, MD |
 | | Recurrent corneal erosions occurring after injury or any corneal insult result because of improper or inadequate healing of the basement membrane, either because the basal epithelial cells fail to produce proper basement membrane complexes to attach to the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> layer and stroma or because of faulty basement membrane adherence. |  | | Recurrent corneal erosions and epithelial basement membrane dystrophy are usually bilateral and are characterized by various patterns of dots, parallel lines that mimic fingerprints, and patterns that resemble maps, which appear in the epithelium. |  | | They concluded that diamond burr superficial keratectomy appeared to be an effective and safe method of treating recurrent erosions and a good alternative therapy to needle stromal micropuncture, Nd:YAG laser induced epithelial adhesion, and excimer laser surface ablation. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic113.htm
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| | glomerular filtration rate |
 | | rate at which plasma is filtered by the glomerular filtration membrane into <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> space; determined by the permeabiliy of the membrane, hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries and <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> space, and the colloid osmotic pressure exerted by the proteins of the capillary plasma. |
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http://crisp.cit.nih.gov/Thesaurus/00003333.htm
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| | Virtual Hospital: Atlas of Microscopic Anatomy: Section 5: Muscular Tissue |
 | | The nuclei of developing muscle and of cardiac muscle are typically centrally located within the muscle fiber (<<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, 1840). |  | | Each striated skeletal muscle fiber is supplied with a nerve fiber ending on a specialized region of the cell membrane or sarcolemma, the subneural region of the motor end plate. |  | | Characteristically, the nuclei of skeletal muscle fibers are located peripherally adjacent to the outer limiting membrane or sarcolemma. |
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http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/MicroscopicAnatomy/Section05/Section05.html
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| | Kidney non-tumor |
 | | Micro: large glomeruli with accentuation of lobules; irregular thickening of glomerular basement membrane by interposition of mesangial cells between endothelium and basement membrane; causes tram track/double contour appearance (PAS or silver stain), crescents in 20%; neutrophils often present; may have hyaline aggregates of immune complexes in capillary lumina |  | | Micro: crescents in glomeruli are proliferation of parietal epithelium of <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> capsule with macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, fibrin, collagen; also see glomerular capillary collapse, atrophic tubules, interstitial inflammation |  | | Glomerular diseases tend to be immunologically mediated; tubular and interstitial disorders are often due to toxins/infections |
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http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/kidneypf.html
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| | glomerulonephritis: Definition and Much More From Answers.com |
 | | Formation of crescents is initiated by passage of fibrin into the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> space as a result of increased permeability of glomerular basement membrane. |  | | Depending on the stage of the disease, they may present different degrees of hyalinization (hyalinosclerosis - total replacement of glomeruli and <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> space with hyaline). |  | | A form of nephritis characterized by inflammation of the renal glomeruli. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/glomerulonephritis
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| | Clinical Specular Microscopy: Optical Principles of Specular Microscopy |
 | | The incident light illuminates, in turn, the precorneal tear film or a coupling medium (e.g., artificial tears, methyl cellulose, etc.) between the objective lens and the cornea, the epithelium, <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane, the stroma, Descemet'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane, the endothelium and the aqueous humor. |  | | A portion of the reflected and backscattered light is collected by the objective lens of the specular microscope and forms, at the image plane of the microscope, an image of that part of the cornea on which the instrument is focused. |  | | In scanning slit and scanning spot confocal specular microscopes, the slit width (or spot diameter) is made very small to give, at least in theory, an increased image quality and the large field desired is accomplished by moving the illuminated slit (or spot) over the endothelium, stromal nerves, keratocytes, etc. |
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http://www.bio-optics.com/articles/01/art0101.htm
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| | Articles - Ultrafiltration |
 | | The high pressure forces small molecules such as water, glucose, amino acids, sodium chloride and urea through the filter, from the blood in the glomerular capsule across the basement membrane of the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> capsule and into the nephron. |  | | UF does this by pressurizing the solution flow, which is tangential to the surface of the supported membrane (cross-flow filtration). |  | | It is opposed by osmotic pressure(30 mmHg, 40 kPa) and hydrostatic pressure (20 mmHg, 2.7 kPa) of solutes present in capsular space. |
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http://www.zforever.com/articles/Ultrafiltration
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| | Distribution and serotonin-induced activation of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase in the salivary glands of the blowfly Calliphora vicina -- Zimmermann et al. 206 (11): 1867 -- Journal of Experimental Biology |
 | | <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, E. J., Siebers, A. and Altendorf, K. Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells. |  | | Gupta, <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>B<b>bb>><<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>. and Berridge, M. A coat of repeating subunits on the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane in the rectal papillae of the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala (Meig.), studied in situ by electron microscopy. |  | | In 5-HT-stimulated salivary glands, bafilomycin-sensitive ATPase activity is enhanced by a factor of approximately 2, whereas ouabain-sensitive ATPase activity does not change significantly. |
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http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/206/11/1867
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| | The V-type H+-ATPase in Malpighian tubules of Aedes aegypti: localization and activity -- Weng et al. 206 (13): 2211 -- Journal of Experimental Biology |
 | | <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, E. J., Siebers, A. and Altendorf, K. Bafilomycins: a class of inhibitors of membrane ATPases from microorganisms, animal cells, and plant cells. |  | | Dschida, W. and <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>B<b>bb>><<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>. The vacuolar ATPase: sulfite stabilization and the mechanism of nitrate inactivation. |  | | ATPase in electrogenesis and epithelial transport in Malpighian tubules. |
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http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/206/13/2211
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| | Lamellar Keratoplasty- Health Encyclopedia and Reference |
 | | Lamellar keratoplasty involves replacement of the patient'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> diseased anterior corneal stroma and <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane with donor material. |  | | Host endothelium, Descemet'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane, and a part of the deep stroma are preserved. |  | | Lamellar refractive keratoplasty involves the placement of a lenticule on or within the cornea to alter its refractive power, usually by changing its anterior curvature. |
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http://www.healthcentral.tv/encyclopedia/408/500/Lamellar_Keratoplasty.html
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| | eMedicine - Corneal Abrasion : Article by Arun Verma, MD |
 | | Abrasion is a defect in the surface of the cornea that is limited to the epithelial layers and that does not penetrate the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> membrane. |  | | Recurrent erosions are common complications of abrasions, particularly in patients with dystrophy of the epithelial basement membrane. |  | | Clinical signs are those of a corneal abrasion, but they may be minimal, especially if the patient is examined several hours after the onset of pain. |
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http://www.emedicine.com/oph/topic247.htm
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| | Articles - Ultrafiltration |
 | | The high pressure forces small molecules such as water, glucose, amino acids, sodium chloride and urea through the filter, from the blood in the glomerular capsule across the basement membrane of the <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>& and into the nephron. |  | | In manufacturing, ultrafiltration (UF) is a pressure-driven membrane process for purifying and concentrating macromolecular (10^3 - 10^6 Da) solutions, especially protein solutions. |  | | Industries, such as chemical and pharmaceutical processing, food and beverage processing, and waste water treatment, employ UF in order to recycle flow or add value to later products. |
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http://www.zforever.com/articles/Ultrafiltration
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| | Soul Music books from The Bomp Bookshelf |
 | | It hummed through every membrane in the room, saturated the gouged acoustic baffling, rising higher, louder, in a blue cloud of Kool smoke, echoing up the sooty airshaft, a Pentecostal crack in the dense city night. |  | | There is also a history of Stax Records that Rob <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>> used as a reference for his epic history of the label. |  | | He never forgot those who didn't achieve the success of Aretha Franklin or Tina Turner and who haven't enjoyed any comebacks, and his book offers the oral histories of seven of them: Denise LaSalle, Ruby Johnson, Carla Thomas, Bettye LaVette, Barbara Mason, Maxine Brown, and Timi Yuro. |
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http://www.bomp.com/BompbooksSoul.html
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| | Ophthalmology Board Review |
 | | In this case the guttata are buried with Descemet'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane or endophytic (5 and below 1 at the arrows). |  | | Once again hydropic epithelial changes (1), and irregular <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> layer (2), stromal scarring (3) and endophytic guttata that protrude posteriorly into the anterior chamber (4) are featured. |  | | Incidence/Prevalence: Fuch’<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> has a variable inheritance pattern and occurs more commonly in women (12.5 to 1.0 in noted family case and 4 to 1 in sporadic cases). |
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http://www.medrounds.org/ophthalmology-board-review
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| | Virtual Hospital: Atlas of Microscopic Anatomy: Section 5: Muscular Tissue |
 | | The nuclei of developing muscle and of cardiac muscle are typically centrally located within the muscle fiber (<<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, 1840). |  | | Each striated skeletal muscle fiber is supplied with a nerve fiber ending on a specialized region of the cell membrane or sarcolemma, the subneural region of the motor end plate. |  | | Muscle permits appropriate responses to external and internal stimuli as well as every form of communication by the individual with the external environment. |
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http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/MicroscopicAnatomy/Section05/Section05.html
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| | WU Libraries Bio Dept 1997 pubs |
 | | Khalkhali-Ellis, Z., Collin-Osdoby, P., Li, L., Brandt, M.L. and Osdoby, P. "A Human Homolog of the 150 kD Avian Osteoclast Membrane Antigen Related to Superoxide Dismutase and Essential for Bone Resorption is Induced by Development Agents and Opposed by Estrogen in FLG 29.1 Cells" Calcified Tissue International 60 (1997): 187-193. |  | | <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, W.C. "Characterization of the…" see: Cullen, P. Brandi, M. "Human Homology of…" see: Khalkhali-Ellis, Z. |
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http://www.library.wustl.edu/units/biology/reprints/1997.html
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| | urine.html |
 | | The filtration membrane is the filter, 3 parts: |  | | Blood pressure is very high in the glomerulus forcing fluids and solutes into <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> capsule. |  | | Nerves come from renal plexus - a bunch of autonomic nerves, the sympathetic of which help control renal blood flow |
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http://www.olemiss.edu/courses/bisc207/urine.html
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| | WU Libraries Bio Dept 1997 pubs |
 | | Craig, C. "Multiple Isoforms of…" see:Benyajati, C. Cullen, P.J., Kaufman, C.K., <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>, W.C., and Kranz, R.G. "Characterization of the Rhodobacter capsulatus Housekeeping RNA Polymerase" Journal of Biological Chemistry 272:43 (Oct.24, 1997): 27266-27273. |  | | Khalkhali-Ellis, Z., Collin-Osdoby, P., Li, L., Brandt, M.L. and Osdoby, P. "A Human Homolog of the 150 kD Avian Osteoclast Membrane Antigen Related to Superoxide Dismutase and Essential for Bone Resorption is Induced by Development Agents and Opposed by Estrogen in FLG 29.1 Cells" Calcified Tissue International 60 (1997): 187-193. |  | | Gabbert, K. K., Goldman, <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>><<b>bb>>B<b>bb>><<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>.<<b>bb>>S<b>bb>>. and Kranz, R.G. "Differential Levels of Specific Cytochrome c Biogenesis Proteins in Response to Oxygen: Analysis of the ccl Operon in Rhodobacter capsulatus" Journal of Bacteriology 179:17 (Sept., 1997): 5422-5428. |
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http://www.library.wustl.edu/units/biology/reprints/1997.html
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| | Simultaneous pterygium and cataract surgery. Gulani A, Dastur YK J Postgrad Med |
 | | Pterygium is a wing shaped layer of vascularised fibroelastic tissue that arises from the limbic conjunctiva and extends over the cornea and replaces <<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>Bowman<<<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>><b>bb><<b>bb>>b<b>bb>>>>'<<b>bb>>s<b>bb>> membrane and corneal epithelium[1]. |  | | Argon laser therapy[11],[12] post-operatively of the new formed vessel on the scleral side of limbus can be used to reduce the rate of pterygium recurrence. |  | | The visual recovery in the combined pterygium and cataract procedure showed that 19 of 30 patients (63%) had 6/12 vision, 6 months postoperatively. |
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http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=1995;volume=41;issue=1;spage=8;epage=11;aulast=Gulani
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